scholarly journals Public Signs as Part of the Linguistic Landscape of a Modern Chinese City

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-102
Author(s):  
Nadezhda N. Kotelnikova
Keyword(s):  
Social Values ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Communicative Intent ◽  
Chinese City ◽  
Modern Chinese ◽  
Chinese Public

Public signs which manage people’s behaviour in public places are an integral part of the linguistic landscape of any city. They not only reflect the existing system of social values, cultural norms and standards, but also play a role in their formation by exerting unconscious and repeated influence on the mentality of citizens. The article examines the linguistic and sociocultural features of the texts of Chinese public signs. The tendencies to soften communicative intent in the texts of public signs, to implement the principle of courtesy, to reject ready-made formulas and clichés, to use the implicit forms of inducement intent expression are noted.

scholarly journals PENGGUNAAN BAHASA INDONESIA PADA MEDIA RUANG PUBLIK DI KOTA PEKANBARU

SUAR BETANG ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Fatmahwati A Fatmahwati A
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Public Spaces ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Analytic Method ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia ◽  
Better Than

This paper discusses use of Indonesian at public places in Kota Pekanbaru and this study aims to describe use of the language at public places and influencing actors. By using the descriptive analytic method and interpretative technique, data were analyzed with reference to literature review. The data of this study are words, phrases, and sentences used at public places media such as billboards, banners, and posters. The data are collected through observation and interview. The research findings reveal the most dominant phenomenon is the use of foreign languages and the use of Indonesian language that does not meet rules of Indonesian. The reasons for using foreign languages are: (1) respondents do not know that there is a regulation stipulating the use of Indonesian at public places, (2) they assume foreign languages have higher prestige, (3) they believe people like foreign languages better than Indonesian, and (4) they assume foreign terms are more commonly used. The reasons for misuse of Indonesian rules are: (1) respondents do not know Indonesian rules, (2) they assume Indonesian rules are not important, and (3) they believe that people do not cencern with the language rules. In addition, they tend to ignore rules of Indonesian. The linguistic landscape of the language of public spaces in Pekanbaru City informationally and symbolically shows that the existence of Indonesian is increasingly fading with the rise of the use of  foreign languages.

scholarly journals FOREIGN LANGUAGE ERGONYMS AND SIGNS IN THE LINGUISTIC LANDSCAPE OF THE CAPITAL CITY (TAKING MOSCOW AND HELSINKI AS AN EXAMPLE)

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 36-45
Author(s):  
E. A. Kartushina
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Language ◽  
Comparative Research ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Public Places ◽  
Capital Cities ◽  
Landscape Studies ◽  
Two Cities ◽  
Specific Source ◽  
Sample Method

The article presents the results of analysing the elements of the linguistic landscape (LL) i. e. ergonyms, inscriptions and signs of two capital cities – Moscow and Helsinki. The main objective of the study is to track the elements from other languages in the linguistic landscape of these cities. Another task of the study involves reviewing of the methods of linguistic landscape studies and considering the reasons for the penetration of foreign language elements into the LL of a certain city. The LL research methods include observation and contextual analysis. Comparative studies of LL are presented fragmentarily, which determined the purpose of this work: to compare LL of two cities – Moscow and Helsinki, and to analyze foreign language elements in the LL of these two capital cities. Focusing on foreign language elements allows to determine which languages play a more or less significant role in the LL of a certain city. The relevance of the research topic is undeniable as the linguistic landscape of capital cities is constantly changing, and the importance of a comparative research in this area can hardly be overestimated. Research materials include 204 contexts (ergonyms, advertisements) from public places of Moscow and 198 examples of similar linguistic functioning in the urban environment of Helsinki. The contexts were selected using a continuous sample method. The author examines the main approaches to defining the concept of a linguistic landscape, which confirms the theoretical significance of the work. As a result of the study, conclusions are drawn about the foreign language elements which are present in the linguistic landscapes of both capital cities. The degree of spreading some foreign language elements from a specific source language is also considered, as well as the ways of representing foreign language elements in the linguistic landscapes of the cities under study.

Changing Conditions and Conflicts with Values

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kent Greenawalt
Keyword(s):  
Social Welfare ◽  
Capital Punishment ◽  
Social Values ◽  
The Other ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Bill Of Rights ◽  
Correct Evaluation ◽  
Original Meaning ◽  
Legal Standard

This chapter focuses on two kinds of situations that go beyond discerning original meaning. One is when significant circumstances have changed since a legal standard was formulated; the other concerns certain basic conflicts or tensions between articulated standards and basic values, such as fairness between contracting parties and, more generally, fundamental concepts of justice and social welfare. Although changes in ordinary conditions can make the application of a standard much less fair than it was when originally formulated, much more troublesome for some statutes and many constitutional provisions are basic changes in social values. These can be perceived in terms of general cultural norms or what judges understand as a correct evaluation. For example, at the time of the Bill of Rights, capital punishment was an authorized penalty for all sorts of crimes. It is now viewed as constitutionally foreclosed except for very serious crimes and for especially threatening offenses.

Translanguaging in multimodal Macao posters: Flexible versus separate multilingualism

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Zhang ◽  
Brian Hok-Shing Chan
Keyword(s):  
The State ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Combined Method ◽  
Language Practice ◽  
Multimodal Texts ◽  
Multimodal Data ◽  
Realistic Interpretation ◽  
Unit Level ◽  
Chinese City ◽  
Significant Process

Aims: This paper suggests a framework of separate and flexible multilingualism to describe multilingual phenomena in Macao. The aims are to capture both conventional and creative language practice and to explore what exactly is the state of multilingualism in modern Macao under the context of globalization, and more specifically how we can capture variation in multilingual practice. Methodology: The objectives are achieved by analyzing the interplay and distance between languages in multilingual texts, focusing on the multimodality and intertextuality of the texts. Data and analysis: The database is a collection of 300 posters for cultural and entertainment events in Macao. The distance of languages is analyzed at the unit level in multimodal texts; separate and flexible multilingualism are exemplified and further elaborated. Conclusions: Multilingualism in Macao is mainly characterized by separate multilingualism, where different languages are demarcated clearly. However, Macao is undergoing a significant process of globalization, accompanied by a huge flow of people, and concomitantly flexible multilingualism is emergent and coexistent with separate multilingualism. Flexible multilingualism is often manifested in translanguaging. The various practices of translanguaging are performances of creativity and they show criticality by problematizing the widely accepted essentialist conceptions on boundaries between languages and modes. Originality: This paper extends the framework of separate and flexible multilingualism to explain multilingual practice in general. We analyze multimodal data using a combined method of multimodality and multilingualism while focusing on the linguistic elements. The paper treats the posters as a special and less studied type of linguistic landscape in Macao, and it provides an original and realistic interpretation of the written multilingual linguistic landscape in a unique Chinese city. Significance: This paper provides a new way of understanding multilingualism; translanguaging is broadened to account for written data. Multilingualism can be understood better by observing language-related practice in multimodal texts.

scholarly journals Tabloidyzacja bluźnierstwa. Strategie medialne w debacie publicznej o granicach wolności artystycznej i obrazie uczuć religijnych

2019 ◽  
pp. 217-237
Author(s):  
Anna Leszczuk-Fiedziukiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Media Content ◽  
Public Places ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The One ◽  
Media Narratives

“Pop-cultural profanities” that are described in the article cause social and criminological consequences. They inform about cultural norms and point to the problem of freedom of expression in democratic societies as well as the subtlety of meanings of religious symbols used by artists in theatreperformances. This issue has a broader social context. On the one hand, there is growing secularization and phenomenon of “privatization of religion”in Europe. On the other hand, the social movements are grounded their cultural identity on religion. The polarization of these two perspectives i easily noticed in the media content. The more shocking artists are, the more innovative Christians reaction is. Outrage usually takes the form of street protests and demonstrations, occupying theatres and public places. Many ases end with lawsuits and debates about the boundaries of art. The content of this article are the media narratives used by professional and amateur journalists in the public debate on the plays of Golgota Picnic (2014) and Klątwa (2017).

scholarly journals Exploring the linguistic landscape of Cameroon: Reflections on language policy and ideology

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 294-324
Author(s):  
Martin Pütz
Keyword(s):  
Public Space ◽  
African State ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Public Places ◽  
African Languages ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Implications ◽  
A Minor ◽  
British Colonies

This contribution focuses on the study of Linguistic Landscapes in the Central/Western African state of Cameroon, with particular reference to its capital, Yaoundé. Linguistic landscapes is a relatively recent area of research, and can be broadly defined as the visual representation of languages in public space. This paper will show that the field of linguistic landscapes can act as a reflection of linguistic hierarchies, ideologies and acts of resistance in multilingual and multicultural communities. At the same time, the sociolinguistic situation in the country will be investigated, which is paramount to understanding the linguistic and ideological conflicts between the anglophone minority and the francophone government. Cameroon’s linguistic landscape will be explored via the various spaces that English, French, Pidgin English, Camfranglais and, to a minor degree, indigenous African languages occupy in its sociolinguistic composition. The methodological design is quantitative in nature, involving collecting more than 600 linguistic tokens (digital photos) in various public places mainly in and around the Cameroonian capital of Yaoundé. It will be demonstrated that the deployment of languages on signs and linguistic tokens, apart from serving informative and symbolic functions for the audiences or passers-by they target, also has social and political implications in an ethnically heterogeneous and linguistically hybrid society such as Cameroon. Whereas in some other former British colonies there are indications that the public space is being symbolically constructed in order to preserve some of Africa’s indigenous languages (e.g. in Botswana, Rwanda, Tanzania), in Cameroon the linguistic landscape almost exclusively focuses on the dominant status and role of one single language, i.e. French, and to a lesser extent English, whose speakers therefore feel marginalized and oppressed by the French government.

scholarly journals Omani Folk Tales: Anthropological Approach to Understand Social Culture Meanings

2016 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 347
Author(s):  
Aida Fouad Elnabalawi
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Vital Role ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Social Culture ◽  
Folk Tales ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Anthropological Approach

This study aims to provide an anthropological reading of some Omani folk tales and discusses them within their context and by their methodological dimensions. The study is also an attempt to classify folk tales. The research paper argues that folk tales have significant social and cultural semantics disclosed by the contents of their events. Folk tales have an important role in supporting the system of social values and cultural norms. Methodologically, this study is a descriptive research from an anthropological approach and uses its tools in the field study. The population study is located in the District of Bahla in the Governorate of Dakhlia. The results conclude that the content of the folk tales reveal the scope of the inherited norms and traditions and their vital role in supporting the social and cultural system, and in maintaining the folklore standards. Despite the threats to cultural values, new forms of folk tales representations in the cultural and artistic scene are taking place in the modern societal trends scene. 

Core values for sustainable development

1996 ◽  
Vol 23 (3) ◽  
pp. 218-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arthur H. Westing
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Social Values ◽  
Environmental Values ◽  
Core Values ◽  
Second World War ◽  
Environmental Conservation ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Genocide Convention ◽  
World War ◽  
Second World

SummaryThe cultural norms or core values for sustainable development are an amalgamation of core social values and core environmental values. Widely-shared core social values became strikingly articulated following the Second World War via such instruments as the 1948 Genocide Convention and the 1948 Human Rights Declaration. By contrast, widely-shared core environmental values did not surface until some two decades after the Second World War, being first clearly expressed in the 1972 Stockholm Declaration, to be followed by the 1982 World Charter for Nature and, more recently, by the 1992 Rio Declaration. I find that whereas the emerging core social values have until quite recently been essentially innocent of environmental concerns, the emerging core environmental values have been from the start generally couched in social terms.Key ethical issues regarding the cultural norms underlying sustainable development include the questions of how to strike a proper balance between anthropocentric and ecocen-tric justifications; and a proper apportionment of the global biosphere between humankind and the other life on earth. Several lines of evidence suggest to me that the environmental and social strands of widely-shared core values for sustainable development are beginning to merge, and that there has begun to occur a slow but progressive development in mainstream thinking toward a recognition of an unbreakable link between social development and environmental conservation.A number of major stumbling blocks to the achievement of sustainable development exist of course, amongst them the imbalance between human numbers plus needs and available natural resources, the prevalence of totalitarian and corrupt regimes, and the ineffective system of peaceful world governance. Despite obstacles to sustainable development, a trend towards a commitment to it seems evident in such components of society as governments, intergovernmental agencies, non-governmental organizations, academia, religious bodies, and grass-roots movements.

scholarly journals The Englishization of Materiality in the Linguistic Landscape of a Southern Jordanian City

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ghazi Khaleel Al-Naimat ◽  
Omar Ibrahim Alomoush
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
Metal Surfaces ◽  
Cultural Norms ◽  
Linguistic Landscape ◽  
Dynamic Nature ◽  
Tourist Destination ◽  
Wooden Board ◽  
Cultural Information ◽  
Ancient City ◽  
International Visitors

This article investigates the interrelationship between English used on signs and materiality in the linguistic landscape (LL) of a touristic Jordanian town, Petra. Its aim is to analyze how the materials that signs are made of reflect recurrent practices of identity formation and numerous socio-cultural norms in the Jordanian tourism context. The signs were first coded according to language, and then categorized within the framework of material practices enacted by sign designers. The results show that signs written on stone and metal surfaces often displaying English in uppercase letters and replicating governmental practices convey a sense of quality, continuity and permanence within economic and tourism-centered ideologies and polices; the visibility of English painted on wooden board signs is evidence of the creativity further manifested in block capitals to denote a sense of freshness and newness; signs printed and hand-written on paper often appearing in uppercase letters manifest the dynamic nature of the LL, ensuring the flow of special offers and even linguistic and non-linguistic changes; most remarkably, monolingual English signs painted inside sand bottles symbolize important environmental, historical, and cultural information on the ancient city of Petra, which contributes significantly to the popularity of Petra as a worldwide tourist destination among members of the tourist population, particularly the international visitors.

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