scholarly journals Problems of Interaction between the Participants of Foreign Economic Activities in the Context of the Customs Protection of Intellectual Property

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
A.G. Getman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Property ◽  
Foreign Trade ◽  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Federal Budget ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Risk Category ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Status

Risks in supply chains directly affect the security of these chains and their continuity, the main possible consequences are increased costs and reduced profits. Methods. The research is based on general scientific methods of cognition — historical, analysis, systematization, comparison method, partially-scientific methods and dialectical method Results. The concept of “risk” is considered from different points of view: customs control and state standards. The classification of risks is proposed, which includes the risks of delay in the release of goods, non-payment of customs duties, bringing to administrative responsibility, confiscation of goods, the risk of depriving a foreign trade participant of the status of “bona fide”, failure to fulfill the terms of the contract for the delivery of goods. Their indicators that allow identifying risks are given. A method is proposed for calculating the probability of occurrence of risks in the international supply chain of goods containing intellectual property objects, which is necessary to determine the risk category and assign it to a high, medium or low level. Discussion. The proposals put forward are the basis for further research in the field of forecasting the risks of moving goods containing OIS. The main problem in risk forecasting is the lack of information and statistics. In this connection, it is not always possible to make the necessary calculations. For example, statistics on the accounting of license fees in the customs authorities are not kept, although this information could allow: on the one hand, to qualitatively improve the effectiveness of the application of the RMS, in terms of the possibility of replenishing funds to the federal budget at the expense of the added value for the use of the IPR by the customs authorities, and on the other — to participants of foreign trade will allow to predict and minimize risks.

scholarly journals Analytical estimation of the external market of Ukraine

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Foreign Trade ◽  
World Market ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Macroeconomic Factors ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Current State ◽  
Analytical Estimation ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Impact

At the beginning of the third millennium in the conditions of rapid globalization a key value was purchased by foreign economic activity (FEA), as one of important macroeconomic factors of development of modern economy. The benefits of this activity were recognized long ago. The subject of research of this article are the main principles and trends in the development of foreign trade commodity flows of the Ukraine in coordination with its macroeconomic situation and world market conditions. The aim is to analyse the principles of the current state of foreign trade, as well as the methods of its regulation and the impact of export-import operations on GDP and the ways of forming foreign trade profits. The task is to research the efficiency of foreign trade market which is determined by the results of foreign trade balance. To provide the higher level of reliable accounting of the Ukrainian export - import data. Analytical necessity of territorial connections which depend on different the requirememts of the state. Estimation on different levels of country’s competitiveness is being used. General scientific methods and all methodological palette of statistical indexes are being used. The obtained results provide legislative and executive state bodies with important statistics data aboyt Ukrainian foreign trade and enable the government to take proper decisions and to control the market of the Ukraine. Conclusions: recommendations for further development of foreign economic activities, the development of politics of the Ukraine and international organizations, and also the analytical estimation of current trends on world markets.

scholarly journals BEEKEEPING OF THE PEOPLES OF DAGESTAN IN THE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURY

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (3) ◽  
pp. 486-495
Author(s):  
Zoya B. Ramazanova
Keyword(s):  
Life Support ◽  
Economic Systems ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
The Status ◽  
Private Research ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Cultural Types ◽  
Descriptive Method

The article is devoted to the study of one of the components of the subsidiary sectors of the economy of the peoples of Dagestan in the XIX – early XX century – beekeeping. Studies of historically developed systems of life support of ethnic groups are particularly relevant at the present time, when traditional economic systems, including ancillary occupations of the peoples of Dagestan, are leveled and disappear. Their study is important not only in the development associated with radical changes in social and domestic life, but also in ethnic and cultural interactions. The relevance of the topic is determined by the recently emerging increased interest in the origins of economic and cultural types. The author made a special emphasis on the study of domestic beekeeping, which was combined with bortnichestvo. When writing the article, General scientific methods were used: (analysis, synthesis, induction), allowing to consider the role and place of beekeeping in the system of auxiliary occupations, to show in it the General and special in connection with various conditions (socio-ecological, ethnographic, ecological) of the development of certain regions of the mountainous Dagestan. However, important for this work was the method of logical research, the task of which is to reveal the role played by the individual elements of the system as a whole. Together with General scientific the article uses private research methods: the identification of a specific, descriptive method, etc. The author gives information from the literature on the development of domestic beekeeping, which at the time was combined with beekeeping, Terekemens, Hvarsins, Genuchtens, Gunzibs, Gogoberins, Surgens, Lezgins. Also based on information from a Review of the Dagestan region is composed of a table on the status of beekeeping in 7 districts of the Dagestan region in 1900: Avar, Gunibsky, Dargin, Kazikumukh, Kaitago-Tabasaran, Kyurinsky and Temir-Khan-Sorenstam. The author concludes that in the XIX – early XX century natural-geographical, socio-economic, ethnic and spiritual factors actively influenced the traditional economic activities, in particular, beekeeping.

Orthodox arrangement of the Pochaiv Lavra in the second third of the XIX century.

2021 ◽  
pp. 13-41
Author(s):  
Ella Volodymyrivna Bystrytska
Keyword(s):  
Local Level ◽  
The Political ◽  
Special Role ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Political Motivation ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Russian Empire ◽  
Xix Century

Abstract: A series of imperial decrees of the 1820s ordering the establishment of a Greco-Uniate Theological Collegium and appropriate consistories contributed to the spread of the autocratic synodal system of government and the establishment of control over Greek Uniate church institutions in the annexed territories of Right-Bank Ukraine. As a result, the Greco-Uniate Church was put on hold in favor of the government's favorable grounds for the rapid localization of its activities. Basilian accusations of supporting the Polish November Uprising of 1830-1831 made it possible to liquidate the OSBM and most monasteries. The transfer of the Pochaiv Monastery to the ownership of the Orthodox clergy in 1831 was a milestone in the liquidation of the Greco-Uniate Church and the establishment of a Russian-style Orthodox mono-confessionalism. On the basis of archival documents, the political motivation of the emperor's decree to confiscate the Pochayiv Monastery from the Basilians with all its property and capital was confirmed. The transfer to the category of monasteries of the 1st class and the granting of the status of a lavra indicated its special role in strengthening the position of the autocracy in the western region of the Russian Empire. The orders of the Holy Synod outline the key tasks of ensuring the viability of the Lavra as an Orthodox religious center: the introduction of continuous worship, strengthening the personal composition of the population, delimitation of spiritual responsibilities, clarifying the affiliation of the printing house. However, maintaining the rhythm of worship and financial and economic activities established by the Basilians proved to be a difficult task, the solution of which required ten years of hard work. In order to make quick changes in the monastery, decisions were made by the emperor and senior government officials, and government agencies were involved at the local level, which required the coordination of actions of all parties to the process.

Development of a State Tax Risk Management System

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 62-75
Author(s):  
A. V. Tikhonova
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
General Scheme ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Comparison Method ◽  
The State ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
Road Map ◽  
State Tax ◽  
Presentation Methods

The article is devoted to the development of the concept of the state to manage its tax risks, based on a systematic approach. The author's concept presupposes the presence of the following elements logically arranged according to the principle "from the general to the particular": 1) mechanisms for managing tax risks, 2) disclosing methodological recommendations, 3) specific proposals for changing legislation. To achieve this goal, the author used general scientific methods (deduction and induction, analysis and synthesis, observation, description, generalization) and private scientific methods of cognition (comparison method, graphical and tabular data presentation methods). We have presented a brief overview of the main tax risks of the Russian Federation in the current economic environment, which are classified in four areas: 1) risks in the field of value added taxation; 2) risks in the field of taxation of profits and income; 3) risks, the source of which is Russia's membership in the Eurasian Economic Union; 4) customs risks. The author presents a general scheme of tax risk management by the state, which includes the context, goals and management strategy. The priority mechanisms for managing the tax risks of the state are formulated on the basis of the presented classification of tax risks. These areas include: introduction of an end-to-end product traceability system; substantiation of taxation methods; joint elimination of tax risks (Federal Tax Service, Federal Customs Service, Ministry of Labor, Federal Service for Financial Monitoring); optimization of tax administration costs on the part of both tax authorities and taxpayers; harmonization of indirect taxation, including duty-free trade; harmonization of international tax rules at the international level; selection of the most effective tools for eliminating multiple taxation. A draft "road map" has been developed to improve the management of state tax risks.

The specifics of shadow economic activity in Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (10) ◽  
pp. 1896-1915
Author(s):  
E.R. Ermakova ◽  
O.M. Lizina
Keyword(s):  
Economic Activity ◽  
Shadow Economy ◽  
Integrated Approach ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Reproductive Process ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Current Period ◽  
Russian Economy ◽  
Analysis And Synthesis ◽  
The Impact

Subject. The article addresses the specifics of shadow economic activities in reformed Russia in the context of systemic transformations. Objectives. We focus on determining the role of shadow economy in the reproductive process, identifying and understanding the specifics of underground economic activity of the Russian economy. Methods. The study rests on general scientific methods (scientific abstraction, unity of historical and logical, analysis and synthesis, induction and deduction, comparison and analogy) and special methods of cognition (monetary methods). We employ the systems and integrated approach. The official statistics, regulations, works of leading researchers on shadow economy expansion, resources of reference and legal systems like Garant and ConsultantPlus serve as the study's information base. Results. We present a retrospective rapid analysis of the extent of shadow economic activity in the domestic economy, establishing the relationships with the processes that take place at different stages of the country's development. We also reveal the specifics of shadow economy relations in Russia, factors that play a key role in expansion for a particular period, a shift to another form of shadow economy. The study characterizes the current period of development, assesses the impact of external shocks on shadow economy expansion. Conclusions. The current period is characterized by the digitization of shadow relations, the shift of corruption to the upper echelons of power, the continued outflow of capital abroad, and increased penalties for underground activities.

Analyzing the production and economic indicators of Russia's largest iron and steel works

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (8) ◽  
pp. 1531-1550
Author(s):  
N.N. Yashalova ◽  
I.L. Ryabkov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Foreign Market ◽  
Domestic Market ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Iron And Steel ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject. We investigate trends in the development of the largest steel companies in the Russian Federation. Objectives. The aim of the study is to conduct an industry-wide analysis of the production and economic activities of the largest domestic enterprises operating in the iron and steel industry. Methods. The study employs methods of comparative and system analysis, graphical and statistical methods for data processing. Results. We present the analysis of main production and economic indicators of the leading steel producers of the Russian Federation, i.e. NLMK, Severstal, MMK, and EVRAZ. The paper reveals their current status and key development trends. Conclusions. The largest Russian steel companies face serious challenges in both the domestic and foreign market. Competitive interactions in the domestic market as to the sale price of rolled metal and the share of presence are particularly sensitive. The threat of reduced supplies to export markets is also significant for Russian steel producers. It may entail insufficient utilization of capacities and potential loss of added value. The companies mainly export semi–finished goods and hot-rolled flat products, i.e. low-added value products. Products with high added value are usually delivered to the domestic market.

A Short Survey of Yemeni Sufism from Its Inception up to the Thirteenth Century

2009 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-19
Author(s):  
Muhammad Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Thirteenth Century ◽  
Twelfth Century ◽  
Ninth Century ◽  
Mountainous Area ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Short Survey ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Intellectual Activities

This paper analyzes the historical conditions of Yemen’s Sufi movement from the beginning of Islam up to the rise of the Rasulid dynasty in the thirteenth century. This is a very difficult task, given the lack of adequate sources and sufficient academic attention in both the East and theWest. Certainly, a few sentences about the subject can be found scattered in Sufi literature at large, but a respectable study of the period’s mysticism can hardly be found.1 Thus, I will focus on the major authorities who first contributed to the ascetic movement’s development, discuss why a major decline of intellectual activities occurred in many metropolises, and if the existing ascetic conditions were transformed into mystical tendencies during the ninth century due to the alleged impact ofDhu’n-Nun al-Misri (d. 860). This is followed by a brief discussion ofwhat contributed to the revival of the country’s intellectual and economic activities. After that, I will attempt to portray the status of the major ascetics and prominent mystics credited with spreading and diffusing the so-called Islamic saintly miracles (karamat). The trademark of both ascetics and mystics across the centuries, this feature became more prevalent fromthe beginning of the twelfth century onward. I will conclude with a brief note on the most three celebrated figures of Yemen’s religious and cultural history: Abu al-Ghayth ibn Jamil (d. 1253) and his rival Ahmad ibn `Alwan (d. 1266) from the mountainous area, andMuhammad ibn `Ali al-`Alawi, known as al-Faqih al-Muqaddam (d. 1256), from Hadramawt.

The Certainty of the Legal Status of Court Secretary and Court Clerk in Federal Courts

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. 26-34
Author(s):  
E. V. Gerasenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Status ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Civil Service ◽  
Federal Courts ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Additional Qualification ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Russian Federation

Employees of the federal courts' apparatus, in accordance with the current regulations, are public civil servants. In practice and in existing scientific research there is an approach to determining the legal status of this category of public servants through their duties, without specifying the specific requirements for candidates for the position to be filled. The purpose of this study is to define additional qualification requirements to be imposed on the applicant for the position of State Civil Service «Court Secretary» in court, in addition to those contained in the Federal Law «On State Civil Service of the Russian Federation» and orders of the Judicial Department of the Supreme Court of the Russian Federation. The tasks of this work are to study the theoretical foundations of the concept of «status of a State civil servant », to compare federal legislation, decrees of the President of the Russian Federation, decisions and other acts of ministries and departments in the field of the State civil service in the apparatus of federal courts; Justification for the need to include in the status of a public servant serving in the court apparatus additional requirements for the level of education. The methodological basis of the present study was the general scientific methods such as analogy, derivation, system analysis, as well as the private scientific methods: formal-logical, technical-legal and comparativelegal in their various combinations. The study concluded that it was necessary to distinguish the status of federal court staff according to the level of education required to replace a public civil service post, in particular the «Registrar of the Court».

The Portuguese Astronomer Melo e Simas (1870–1934): Republican Ideals and Popularization of Science

2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ana Simões ◽  
Luís Miguel Carolino
Keyword(s):  
Historical Analysis ◽  
Active Role ◽  
Institutional Setting ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Professional Career ◽  
Popularization Of Science ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Republic ◽  
European Periphery ◽  
Scientific Ethos

ArgumentThis paper analyses a process of co-construction of knowledge and its multiple forms of communication in a country of the European periphery in the early twentieth century. It focuses on Lieutenant Manuel Soares de Melo e Simas, a politically engaged Portuguese astronomer, who moved from amateur to professional during the political transition from the monarchy to the republic. Melo e Simas paralleled his professional career in continuous activity of communicating science to the public in the context of republicanism in a double way, by responding to the agenda of republicanism and by playing an active role in shaping it. He aimed at educating lay audiences in the various ways of astronomy, and he reached out to as many people as possible by exploring a multitude of communication channels, from lectures to articles in newspapers and journals. Voiced often within newly created republican institutions, the praxis and the ideas of Melo e Simas helped to mold the new republican scientific ethos. By going beyond mere emphasis on scientism and positivism, usually taken to be the defining characteristics of the new republican ethos, this paper argues that science and the specificities of its multiple forms of communication were central to the way Melo e Simas shaped the republican ideology. Furthermore, popularization of science was used to legitimize the status of professional scientists at the same time that it helped reinforce their institutional setting, still to be negotiated in the forthcoming decades through a complex process which deserves further historical analysis.

scholarly journals Contextualization of the Bioeconomy Concept through Its Links with Related Concepts and the Challenges Facing Humanity

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 7746
Author(s):  
Leire Barañano ◽  
Naroa Garbisu ◽  
Itziar Alkorta ◽  
Andrés Araujo ◽  
Carlos Garbisu
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Economics ◽  
Green Economy ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Biological Resources ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
The Core ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
Broad Interpretation ◽  
Shed Light

The concept of bioeconomy is a topic of debate, confusion, skepticism, and criticism. Paradoxically, this is not necessarily a negative thing as it is encouraging a fruitful exchange of information, ideas, knowledge, and values, with concomitant beneficial effects on the definition and evolution of the bioeconomy paradigm. At the core of the debate, three points of view coexist: (i) those who support a broad interpretation of the term bioeconomy, through the incorporation of all economic activities based on the production and conversion of renewable biological resources (and organic wastes) into products, including agriculture, livestock, fishing, forestry and similar economic activities that have accompanied humankind for millennia; (ii) those who embrace a much narrower interpretation, reserving the use of the term bioeconomy for new, innovative, and technologically-advanced economic initiatives that result in the generation of high-added-value products and services from the conversion of biological resources; and (iii) those who stand between these two viewpoints. Here, to shed light on this debate, a contextualization of the bioeconomy concept through its links with related concepts (biotechnology, bio-based economy, circular economy, green economy, ecological economics, environmental economics, etc.) and challenges facing humanity today is presented.

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