scholarly journals CONSEQUENCES OF PRESOWING INFLUENCE OF LOW AND VARIABLE TEMPERATURES ON CARROT AND RADISH SEEDS

2019 ◽  
pp. 62-64
Author(s):  
S. R. Gasanov ◽  
S. A. Mammadova
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
The Impact

The study of the dynamics of plant growth and yield of vegetable crops (carrot variety Absheron winter (Daucus carota subsp. sativus (Hoffm.) Schьbl.) and radish variety Virovsky white (Raphanus sativus var.radicula Pers.)) was conducted in the field conditions after presowing exposure to different temperatures: I option – sowing of seeds exposed to low temperatures (for 15 days the swollen for 24 hours seeds were kept at a temperature of 0±1°С); Option II - sowing of seeds exposed to variable temperatures (for 5 days, the swollen for 24 hours seeds were exposed to variable temperatures of + 20°C (8 hours) and 0±1°C (16 hours) and then 10 days at a temperature of 0±1°C; K1 – sowing dry seeds; K2 – sowing soaked seeds. The impact on the seeds of low and variable temperatures caused an increase in growth processes, both in radish and carrot. Both studied crops showed a tendency to increase the yield to a greater extent when exposed to swollen seeds with variable temperatures. Thus, the average weight of radish crops exceeded the control variant by 47.1% and carrots by 27.6%. The yield of root crops per m2increased by 36.4% for radish and 30.0% for carrot. To increase the productivity of vegetable crops, we recommend using the studied methods of pre-sowing seed treatment in practice.

scholarly journals Pre-Sowing Seed Treatment Nanotechnology with Environment-Friendly Nanotube-Based Nanochips

2016 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 29-34
Author(s):  
Vladimir V. Karpachev ◽  
Jury J. Spiridonov ◽  
Nadezda L. Voropaeva ◽  
Alexey G. Tkachev ◽  
Nikolai V. Shachnev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Napus ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Environment Friendly ◽  
Yield Increase ◽  
Significant Yield ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
The Impact

This particular study deals with the impact of pre-sowing nanotube-based seed treatment technology on rapeseed (Brassica napus) growth and yield. During the field tests we identified a significant yield increase as a result of applying the pre-sowing nanotube-based seed treatment technology. The main treatment agents were physiologically active nanochips consisting of carrier matrix nanotubes with eliciting activity ("Taunit", "Taunit-M", "Taunit-MD", and graphene). Enriching nanochips with insecticide-fungicide Kruyzer for guaranteed seed protection from crucifer flea allowed to raise the yield up to 8.08 t / ha - 12.28 t / ha.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Magnesium, Boron, dan Pupuk Hayati terhadap Produktivitas Cabai serta Serangan Hama dan Penyakit (Effect of Magnesium, Boron, and Biofertilizers on Chili Pepper Productivity and Impact of Pests and Diseases)

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Wiwin Setiawati ◽  
Ahsol Hasyim ◽  
Bagus Kukuh Udiarto ◽  
Abdi Hudayya
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Chili Pepper ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Vegetable Crops ◽  
Positive Interaction ◽  
Pests And Diseases ◽  
The Impact

<p>Penggunaan pupuk hayati dan unsur hara makro sekunder seperti magnesium (Mg) dan hara mikro boron (B) diketahui dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan, kualitas hasil tanaman, meningkatkan unsur hara dalam tanah serta mampu meningkatkan ketahanan tanaman terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit. Selain itu penggunaan pupuk tersebut dapat mengurangi kebutuhan terhadap pupuk kimia sintetis. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengetahui pengaruh aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasinya dengan pupuk hayati terhadap pertumbuhan dan hasil panen serta penekanan serangan hama dan penyakit. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun Percobaan Balai Penelitian Tanaman Sayuran, Lembang, Jawa Barat (1.250 m dpl.) dari bulan Juni 2018 sampai bulan Februari 2019. Rancangan percobaan yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok terdiri atas delapan perlakuan dan empat ulangan. Perlakuan yang diuji adalah aplikasi Mg, B, dan kombinasi dengan pupuk hayati serta teknologi konvensional sebagai pembanding. Pengamatan dilakukan terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman (tinggi tanaman dan luas kanopi), komponen hasil dan hasil serta serangan hama dan penyakit penting yang menyerang tanaman cabai. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kombinasi Mg, B, dan pupuk hayati yang diaplikasikan sebanyak dua kali pada umur 30 HST dan 45 HST mampu meningkatkan produktivitas cabai sebesar 21,68 ton/ha atau meningkat sebesar 54,53% dibandingkan dengan kontrol. Peningkatan produktivitas cabai terjadi karena adanya perbaikan dalam komponen hasil seperti jumlah bunga, jumlah buah, panjang, dan bobot buah serta adanya penekanan terhadap serangan hama dan penyakit seperti trips, antraknosa, lalat buah, dan penggerek buah sebesar 18,10% sampai 23,93%.</p><p><strong>Keywords</strong></p><p><em>Capsicum annuum</em>; Unsur hara makro; Pupuk hayati; Produktivitas; Organisme pengganggu tumbuhan</p><p><strong>Abstract</strong></p><p>The use of biofertilizer and macro and micro nutrients enhanced the growth and development, yield quality of vegetable crops as well as nutrient status of soil to a greater extent and to increased on pests and diseases resistance. Organic sources of nutrients including biofertilizers also economize the use of chemical fertilizers. The objectives of this study were to determine the best combination of Mg, B, and biofertilizer that increase the growth and yield of chili pepper and the impact to pest and diseases on chili pepper. The field experiment was conducted at the experimental field of the Indonesian Vegetable Research Institute, Lembang, West Java from June 2018 to February 2019. The experiment was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with eight treatments and four replicated. The treatments were Mg, B, and their combinations with biofertilizer compared to the conventional technologies as a control. The observations were carried out on the growth parameters (plant height and leaf canopy), yield components, pest and diseases of chili pepper. The results showed that the combinations of Mg, B, and biofertilizer increased the yield of chili up to 21.68 ton/ha or positive interaction beside beneficial agent with Mg, B, and biofertilizer package on 54.53%. Increased productivity of chili occurs because of improvements in yield components such as the number of flowers, number of fruits, fruit length and fruit weight and reduction of pest and disease attacks such as thrips, anthracnose, fruit flies and, fruit borers by 18.10% to 23.93%.</p>

scholarly journals The influence of high and low temperatures on the impact properties of glass-epoxy composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 72 (7) ◽  
pp. 713-722 ◽  
Author(s):  
Slavisa Putic ◽  
Marina Stamenovic ◽  
Branislav Bajceta ◽  
Predrag Stajcic ◽  
Srdjan Bosnjak
Keyword(s):  
Low Temperatures ◽  
Composite Structures ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Temperature Influence ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
High And Low Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this paper is to present the influence of high and low temperatures on the impact properties glass-epoxy composites. The impact strength an is presented for four different glass-epoxy composite structures at three different temperatures, i.e., at room temperature t=20?C, at an elevated temperature t=+50?C and at a low temperature t=-50?C. Standard mechanical testing was carried out on the composite materials with specific masses of reinforcement of 210 g m-2 and 550 g m-2 and orientations 0?/90? and ?45?. Micromechanical analysis of the failure was performed in order to determine real models and mechanisms of crack and temperature influence on the impact properties. .

scholarly journals Seed Treatment Techniques to Improve Germination of Wild Asparagus (Asparagus acutifolius L.), a Potential New Crop

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
pp. 995-1000
Author(s):  
Nikolaos KATSENIOS ◽  
Ioannis E. ROUSSIS ◽  
Aspasia EFTHIMIADOU ◽  
Ioanna KAKABOUKI ◽  
Dimitrios BILALIS
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Germination Percentage ◽  
Treatment Techniques ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Outdoor Experiment ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
New Crop ◽  
Indoor And Outdoor

Pre-sowing seed treatment techniques of stratification and scarification were used in order to find the most appropriate method to overcome dormancy of wild asparagus (Asparagus acutifolius L.) seeds. An indoor and an outdoor experiment were carried out at the Agricultural University of Athens. For the indoor experiment, the pre-sowing treatments of stratification (fresh and stratified seeds) and scarification (non-scarified, mechanical scarification and chemical scarification with sulfuric acid) were used as the main treatments, and three different temperatures (15, 20 and 25 °C) as sub-treatments. For the outdoor experiment, there were only the treatments of stratification and scarification. The stratification of asparagus seeds was found to have a positive effect on germination and vigor indices compared to non-stratified (fresh) seeds. The highest germination percentage, vigor index I and II were recorded with the stratified seeds that had been mechanically scarified in both indoor and outdoor conditions. The results indicate that just the scarification cannot improve germination of fresh collected seeds of wild asparagus. Stratification increased the germination percentage from 2.7-6.6% to 45.1-75.3%. The mechanical and the chemical scarification had a positive effect on the root length compared to the non-scarified seeds that have been stratified. These pre-sowing treatments can increase the germination percentage and produce vigorous seedlings that can be used to establish plantations of this potential new crop.

scholarly journals The Impact of the Treatment Method of Root Crops on Micro flora during their Storage

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 4273-4278
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Induction ◽  
Treatment Time ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Integrated Treatment ◽  
Low Frequencies ◽  
Anaerobic Microorganisms ◽  
Root Crops ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
The Impact

The study aims at determining the effect of the treatment method of root crops before storage, as well as storage parameters, on the dynamics of their microflora, namely, the quantity of bacterial microflora, mesophilic aerobic and optionally anaerobic microorganisms (MAaOAM), as well as molds. When storing garden carrot at t = +(2±1) °C (during 56 days), the amount of bacterial microflora of the samples subjected to integrated treatment decreased by 2.5 times by the end of storage; the number of mold fungi decreased twice compared to the control. When storing garden carrot at t = +(25±1) °C (for 21 days) the amount of bacterial microflora in the samples treated by electromagnetic fields of extremely low frequencies (with the following parameters: frequency – 28 Hz, the treatment time – 5 min, the magnetic induction – 12 mTl), and by Vitaplan biologic preparation (at the concentration of 106 CFU/g, and in the amount of 2.5 ml/kg), decreased by 2.1 times, while the number of mold fungi reduced by 1.5 times. When storing garden beet at t = +(2±1) °C for 56 days, the amount of bacterial microflora of samples, subjected to integrated treatment for 5 min at a frequency of 15, 24, and 30 Hz, and magnetic induction of 9 mTl, as well as treatment with Bactofit biological preparation (at the concentration of 106 CFU/g in amount of 2.5 ml/kg), decreased by 1.5 times compared to the control, while the number of mold fungi decreased by 2.3 times. When storing garden beet at t = +(25±1) °C (for 21 days), the quantity of bacterial microflora of samples, subjected to integrated treatment, was by 2.8 times lower compared to the control, while the number of mold fungi reduced by 1.8 times. It has been revealed that the integrated treatment of root crops with biopreparations and extremely low frequency (ELF) electric and magnetic fields (EMF) more effectively inhibits the development of pathogenic microflora compared to treatment only with biopreparations or treatment only by ELF-EMF. Significant retardation of growth rates was revealed in both bacterial and fungal pathogenic microflora during storage of root crops at different temperatures.

scholarly journals SECONDARY METABOLITES OF HIGHER PLANTS AS GROWTH REGULATORS FOR ONIONS

2018 ◽  
pp. 71-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. D. Borovskaia ◽  
N. A. Mashcenсo ◽  
A. V. Gumaniuk
Keyword(s):  
Growth Regulators ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Higher Plants ◽  
Plant Protection ◽  
Iridoid Glycosides ◽  
Technological Parameters ◽  
Early Maturity ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
The Impact

Possibility of pre-sowing seed treatment with growth regulators of steroid and iridoid nature has been studied while growing onions. In the experiment, an "ecostim" preparation has been used for the pre-sowing treatment of onion seeds, the active ingredient of which is the glycoside of the steroid nature of tomatosides isolated from the seeds of Solanum lycopersicum L., as well as the sum of iridoid glycosides (linarosides) from Linaria vulgaris Mill. To identify the technological parameters of the use of plant growth bio-regulators preliminary testing has been conducted in the Laboratory of Natural Bio-Regulators of the Institute of Genetics, Physiology and Plant Protection, A comparison of the effectiveness of the compounds obtained on the germination of onion seeds has shown that the greatest stimulation has been achieved by using low concentrations (0.0001% - 0.001%) of tomatoside solutions (eostimis preparation) and higher concentrations (0.005% - 0.01%0 of linarosides. Production tests have been carried out in the field in the Pridnestrovian Research Institute of Agriculture. Variety specificity of the impact of natural bio-regulators has been determined by the example of 3 varieties of onions, different in terms of maturation, resistance, etc. (Pinguin, Diamant and Chalcedon). It has been proved that the effect of the tested growth regulators has a pronounced varietal specificity and mainly is determined by the early maturity of the variety. It has been found that the compounds studied were most effective when growing onions under unfavorable conditions, and the amount of iridoid glycosides from the linaria had a greater stimulating effect compared with the tomatoside. Seed treatment with bio-regulators has provided the simultaneous emergence of seedlings, the leveling in growth and development of plants, as well as increased the yield of onions by 27.6% - 41.3%.

Impact of solar UV-B radiation on seedling emergence, chlorophyll fluorescence, and growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus)

2002 ◽  
Vol 29 (7) ◽  
pp. 797 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge Alberto Zavala ◽  
Javier Francisco Botto
Keyword(s):  
Chlorophyll Fluorescence ◽  
Raphanus Sativus ◽  
Field Experiments ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Solar Uv ◽  
Lag Period ◽  
Uv Absorbing Compounds ◽  
Early Effects ◽  
The Impact

We report the impact of present-day solar UV-B radiation on seedling emergence, its association with the accumulation of UV-absorbing compounds, and the growth and yield of radish (Raphanus sativus L.). Two field experiments were conducted at intermediate latitudes in South America (Buenos Aires, Argentina) using two cultivars of radish (`Scarlet Globe' and `Sparkler National'). Solar UV-B reduced the emergence of seedlings by nearly 20% for the Scarlet radish cultivar, and delayed emergence for both cultivars by least one day. Using a chlorophyll fluorescence method to estimate the degree of UV penetration into photosynthetic tissue, we found significant differences in the levels of UV-B-absorbing compounds between seedlings grown under contrasting levels of solar UV-B. The increase of specific UV-absorbing compounds in the cotyledons required an initial lag period of 4 d after the emergence of seedlings. We could not detect any relationship between the accumulation of UV-B-screening compounds in cotyledons and leaves of the same plant, suggesting that solar UV-B induced a localized response in green tissues. Ambient UV-B affected the biomass partitioned to tubers, resulting in an increase of at least 17% in tuber diameter and 26% in tuber fresh weight at the end of the life cycle. Our results indicate that the early effects of UV-B on seedling development involve a cost for young plants, but it appears to be advantageous to increase the carbon partitioning to the tubers at harvest. These findings suggest ways to improve the yield of radish crops.

scholarly journals Influence of Chemicals, Botanicals and Growth Regulator Treatments on Plant Growth and Yield Attributing Traits of Lentil (Lens culinaris L.) Variety: K-75

2021 ◽  
pp. 124-129
Author(s):  
Avuta Saipriya Ramesh ◽  
Prashant Kumar Rai ◽  
Sasya Nagar
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Seed Treatments ◽  
Maximum Increase ◽  
Simple Method ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Percentage Yield ◽  
Field Emergence ◽  
Sowing Seed

The experiment was conducted in post graduate Seed Testing Laboratory and Field Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Sam Higginbottom University of Agriculture, Technology and Sciences, Prayagraj (U.P) during Rabi season 2020-2021, in order to standardize the suitable pre-sowing seed treatment for Lentil (K-75). Different pre-sowing seed treatments viz.,T0-Control (untreated), T1- KCL @1%, T2- KCL @ 3%, T3- KNO3 @ 1%, T4- KNO3 @ 3%, T5- Panchagavya @ 2%, T6 – GA3 @ 20ppm, T7 – Panchagavya @ 4%, T8 – GA3 @ 10ppm,T9 – Panchagavya @ 6%,T10 – Tulasi Leaf Extract @ 2%, T11 – Tulasi Leaf Extract @ 4%,T12 – Tulasi Leaf Extract @ 6% were evaluated by screening of 12 hour. It was found that all the pre-sowing seed treatments recorded the significant difference with that of control. In field condition highest field emergence percentage,yield and yielding attributes was found in T7 -Panchagavya @ 4%. Pre-sowing seed treatment with Panchagavya @ 4% followed by GA3 @ 10 ppm, Panchagavya @ 2%, KCL @ 1% significantly increased the germination and yielding attributes of Lentil. Pre-sowing seed treatments with Panchagavya (4%) and GA3 (10ppm) resulted in maximum increase in field emergence, vigour of Lentil seeds and found to be lowest in control seeds. Pre-sowing seed treatment that leads to a physiological condition that allows the seed to germinate more effectively and no costly equipment and chemical requirements could be used. Hence it is a simple method for overcoming weak germination and seedling establishment and helps to preserve agriculture and economical, non-toxic, eco-friendly sources.

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) productivity under the effect of akm plant growth regulator in the conditions of the southern steppe of Ukraine

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
O. Ieremenko ◽  
S. Kalensky ◽  
V. Kalytka
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Growth Regulator ◽  
Plant Growth Regulator ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Sowing Seed ◽  
Moisture Conditions ◽  
Yield Formation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Phenological Phases

Aim. The goal of this research was to determine the infl uence of AKM plant growth regulator on the perfor- mance of large-seed Lakomka sunfl ower variety, sowing and yielding properties of seeds. Methods. Agro- chemical and biometric methods. Mathematical analysis of the results was carried out by Student’s test and licensed Agrostat computer program. Results. The results of the study on the impact of AKM plant growth regulator (PGR) on growth, development and yield formation of sunfl ower in low moisture conditions of Southern Steppe of Ukraine are presented. Pre-sowing seed treatment of Lakomka sunfl ower variety with AKM plant growth regulator causes an increase in leaf surface area by 22 %; pollen fertility – by 27 %; reduces the phenological phases by 2−4 days on average, increases the resistance of sunfl ower plants to abiotic stress and increases yield by 26 %. It is proven that the proportion of the impact of water stress of the studied year (58.4 %) is signifi cantly higher than that of the impact of PGR (32.7 %). Conclusions. AKM plant growth regulator is recommended for the use on sunfl ower in 0.015 g/l concentration.

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