scholarly journals Oats as a Functional Food

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhavalagi Pallavi ◽  
Jayashri P. Hiremath ◽  
Madhusudan . ◽  
N.M. .
Keyword(s):  
Digestive System ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Soluble Fiber ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Baked Goods ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Poaceae Family ◽  
Colon Rectal Cancer ◽  
Physiologic Responses

Oat (Avena sativa) belongs to the grass (Poaceae) family. It has been recognized as a healthful and nutritious cereal containing high concentration of soluble fiber compounds such as β-glucan, which are beneficial for digestive system and preventive against colon rectal cancer help to maintain an optimal weight due to high fiber content. It also contains antioxidants, vitamins, phenolic acids sterols and phytic acid which has essential role in our body functioning. The key cholesterol lowering ingredient in oats is soluble fiber. β-glucans, the most important cereal non-starch. β-glucan, is abundant in oat kernels and exhibits a high viscosity at relatively low concentrations. Viscosity is an important rheological property of β-glucan and is associated with beneficial physiologic responses that mediate appetite regulation. Oats were traditionally eaten as porridge with salt or sugar were added recent modern product innovation has created an array of oat products (Oat breads, oat cakes and oats milk etc.). Oats are used as an additive in Cereal breakfast, baked goods, oat milk and oat powder is incorporated in many Dairy products like (low-fat ice creams, yoghurts, cheese and other fermented drinks). It is stated that 3 g/day oat β-glucan reduced the total and LDL cholesterol by five to ten per cent.

Dietary Modifications in Fissure-in-ano: A Qualitative Study Based on Persian Medicine

2020 ◽  
Vol 16 (6) ◽  
pp. 860-865
Author(s):  
Sedigheh Tavakoli-Dastjerdi ◽  
Mandana Tavakkoli-Kakhki ◽  
Ali R. Derakhshan ◽  
Azam Teimouri ◽  
Malihe Motavasselian
Keyword(s):  
Modern Medicine ◽  
Integrative Approach ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Common Disease ◽  
Fissure In Ano ◽  
High Fiber ◽  
Baked Goods ◽  
Persian Medicine

Background: Anal fissure (AF) is a common disease associated with severe pain and reduced quality of life. Factors related to lifestyle, including diet and bowel habits, play a pivotal role in its pathogenesis. Most of the chronic fissures are not responsive to drugs and more likely to recur. Given the significance of diet in Persian medicine (PM), investigation on physiopathology and appropriate foods can be useful for decreases in AF symptoms and consequences. Objective: This study was intended to evaluate the role of diet in the formation and progression of AF from the perspective of PM. Methods: In this study, the most important resources of PM dating back to thousands of years were reviewed. All these textbooks contained a section on AF, its causes, and treatment. Further analysis was performed on these resources in comparison with databank and resources of modern medicine to develop a food-based strategy for AF management. Results: From the view of PM, the warmth and dryness of anus temperament accounted for AF. Both Persian and modern medicine identified constipation as another cause for AF. Therefore, avoidance from some foods and commercial baked goods was recommended. Both Persian and modern medicine forbad the following foods: potato, cabbage, cauliflower, pasta, beef, fish, and so forth. High fiber and oligo-antigen diets with some limitations have garnered more attention. Conclusion: An integrative approach is recommended employing both Persian and modern medicine for AF. There have been some evidence in this regard, however standardized clinical trials are required for future research.

Small-volume vitrification and rapid warming yield high survivals of one-cell rat embryos in cryotubes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yasuyoshi Fukuda ◽  
Misako Higashiya ◽  
Takahiro Obata ◽  
Keita Basaki ◽  
Megumi Yano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Small Volume ◽  
Sucrose Solution ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Rat Embryos ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Intracellular Ice Formation ◽  
Intracellular Ice ◽  
Warming Rate ◽  
Very High

Abstract To cryopreserve cells, it is essential to avoid intracellular ice formation during cooling and warming. One way to achieve this is to convert the water inside the cells into a non-crystalline glass. It is currently believed that to accomplish this vitrification, the cells must be suspended in a very high concentration (20–40%) of a glass-inducing solute, and subsequently cooled very rapidly. Herein, we report that this belief is erroneous with respect to the vitrification of one-cell rat embryos. In the present study, one-cell rat embryos were vitrified with 5 μL of EFS10 (a mixture of 10% ethylene glycol, 27% Ficoll, and 0.45 M sucrose) in cryotubes at a moderate cooling rate, and warmed at various rates. Survival was assessed according to the ability of the cells to develop into blastocysts and to develop to term. When embryos were vitrified at a 2,613 °C/min cooling rate and thawed by adding 1 mL of sucrose solution (0.3 M, 50 °C) at a warming rate of 18,467 °C/min, 58.1 ± 3.5% of the EFS10-vitrified embryos developed into blastocysts, and 50.0 ± 4.7% developed to term. These rates were similar to those of non-treated intact embryos. Using a conventional cryotube, we achieved developmental capabilities in one-cell rat embryos by rapid warming that were comparable to those of intact embryos, even using low concentrations (10%) of cell-permeating cryoprotectant and at low cooling rates.

scholarly journals High-Tribological-Performance Polymer Nanocomposites: An Approach Based on the Superlubricity State of the Graphene Oxide Agglomerates

Polymers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (14) ◽  
pp. 2237
Author(s):  
Eder H. C. Ferreira ◽  
Angela Aparecida Vieira ◽  
Lúcia Vieira ◽  
Guilhermino J. M. Fechine
Keyword(s):  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
High Viscosity ◽  
Tribological Performance ◽  
Multilayer Graphene ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Scanning Calorimetry ◽  
Mechanical Reinforcement ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Twin Screw ◽  
Mechanical Tensile

Here, nanocomposites of high-molecular-weight polyethylene (HMWPE) and HMWPE-UHMWPE (80/20 wt.%) containing a low amount of multilayer graphene oxide (mGO) (≤0.1 wt.%) were produced via twin-screw extrusion to produce materials with a higher tribological performance than UHMWPE. Due to the high viscosity of both polymers, the nanocomposites presented a significant concentration of agglomerates. However, the mechanical (tensile) and tribological (volumetric loss) performances of the nanocomposites were superior to those of UHMWPE. The morphology of the nanocomposites was investigated using differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), microtomography, and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The explanation for these results is based on the superlubricity phenomenon of mGO agglomerates. It was also shown that the well-exfoliated mGO also contained in the nanocomposite was of fundamental importance as a mechanical reinforcement for the polymer. Even with a high concentration of agglomerates, the nanocomposites displayed tribological properties superior to UHMWPE’s (wear resistance up to 27% higher and friction coefficient up to 57% lower). Therefore, this manuscript brings a new exception to the rule, showing that agglomerates can act in a beneficial way to the mechanical properties of polymers, as long as the superlubricity phenomenon is present in the agglomerates contained in the polymer.

Drosophila cell fusion induced by wheat germ agglutinin

1975 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-121
Author(s):  
R.M. Rizki ◽  
T.M. Rizki ◽  
C.A. Andrews
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Wheat Germ Agglutinin ◽  
Wheat Germ ◽  
Embryonic Cell ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Drosophila Cell ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Embryonic Cell Lines ◽  
Scanning Electron

The effects of wheat germ agglutinin on Drosophila embryonic cell lines growing on cover-glasses was examined by scanning electron microscopy. At low concentrations of the lectin (5-10 mug/ml), cells spread against the glass surface and fused to form syncytia. At high concentration, damage to the cell surface was evidenced as extensive membrane shrivelling and loss of surface microfilaments. Fusion also occurred under these conditions. There was some indication that the morphology of cells in division remains undisturbed by wheat germ agglutinin. The coalescence of cells and morphologic disotrtion induced by wheat germ agglutinin were not inhibited by N-acetylglucosamine, the hapten inhibitor of the lectin, under the conditions utilized in this study.

scholarly journals Blooms of bryozoans and epibenthic diatoms in an urbanized sandy Beach (Balneário Camboriú - SC - Brazil): dynamics, possible causes and biomass characterization

2017 ◽  
Vol 65 (4) ◽  
pp. 678-694 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leonardo Rubi Rörig ◽  
Maevi Ottonelli ◽  
Ana Gabriela Itokazu ◽  
Marcelo Maraschin ◽  
João Vitor Heberle Lins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saturated Fatty Acids ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Adjacent Area ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Local Pollution ◽  
Organic Debris ◽  
Quality Of Water ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Environmental Health Problem

Abstract Balneário Camboriu (SC - Brazil) is a touristic city where the disordered growth of the urban population and the implementation of coastal works without proper evaluation generated environmental impacts and affected the sanitary quality of water and sediment of Camboriu River and marine adjacent area. One of the most recent and alarming phenomena observed are the blooms of invasive bryozoans (Arboscuspis bellula and Membraniporopsis tubigera) associated with epibenthic diatoms (Amphitetras antediluviana and Biddulphia biddulphiana). Several clues associate these phenomena, started in 2003, with the excess of nutrients and organic matter in the Camboriú cove and large coastal works such as dredging, landfills and construction of jetties, leading to changes in benthic ecological structure. Being an aesthetic and environmental health problem, the concern of the scientific community and government agencies intensified as the occurrences become more frequent and persistent. This research addresses this issue through environmental and experimental studies. Samplings of the benthic material collected by boat and diving, and blooms monitoring were the environmental approach. The laboratory work included the algal isolation and culture, in addition to growth conditions assessment and chemical biomass analysis. Monitoring data showed a seasonal trend in the blooms, with more conspicuous events in warmer months. Diatoms increase in abundance in colder months and bryozoans in the warmer ones. The diatom A. antediluviana, predominant in the blooms, grew satisfactorily in laboratory cultivation, showing better growth in media with higher concentrations of silicate and phosphate. Bryozoans showed slow growth in laboratory conditions. The deposited material collected in the environment showed low concentrations of saturated fatty acids, but the high biomass suggest a possible use for biofuels production. Biomass samples dominated by bryozoans showed moderate antimicrobial activity against Klebsiella pneumoniae. The explanation for the occurrence of these blooms are still inconclusive, but there is considerable evidence that it is a synergistic effect between the high concentration of bacteria and organic debris in the water related to local pollution and the elimination of natural competitors by coastal works.

scholarly journals Effects of Bacterial Cell-Free Supernatant on Nutritional Parameters of Apis Mellifera and Their Toxicity Against Varroa Destructor

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-66
Author(s):  
Fiorella G. De Piano ◽  
Matias D. Maggi ◽  
Facundo R. Meroi Arceitto ◽  
Marcela C. Audisio ◽  
Martín Eguaras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Apis Mellifera ◽  
Varroa Destructor ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Nutritional Parameters ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Bee Health ◽  
Contact Exposure ◽  
Fat Bodies ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractApis mellifera L. is an essential pollinator that is currently being affected by several stressors that disturb their ecological function and produce colony losses. Colonies are being seriously affected by the ectoparasitic mite Varroa destructor. The relationship between stressors and bee symbionts is being studied in order to enhance bee health. The goal of this study was to evaluate the effect of cell-free supernatants (CFSs) produced by Lactobacillus johnsonii AJ5, Enterococcus faecium SM21 and Bacillus subtilis subsp. subtilis Mori2 on A. mellifera nutritional parameters and their toxicity against V. destructor. Toxicity and survival bioassays were conducted on adult bees with different concentrations of CFSs. Nutritional parameters such as soluble proteins and fat bodies in abdomens were measured. Varroa destructor toxicity was analyzed by a contact exposure method and via bee hemolymph. At low concentrations, two of CFSs tends to enhance bee survival. Remarkably fat bodies maintained their levels with all CFS concentrations in the abdomens, and soluble protein increased at a high concentration of two CFSs. Toxicity against V. destructor was observed only via hemolymph, and results were in agreement with the treatment that produced an increase in bee proteins. Finally, CFS produced by L. johnsonii AJ5 could be a promising natural alternative for strengthening bee health.

scholarly journals Primary Metabolites Profiling of Vetiveria Lawsonii from Leaf and Root

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (4-A) ◽  
pp. 373-375
Author(s):  
Anuradha Gauttam ◽  
Nakuleshwer Dutt Jasuja ◽  
Rakesh Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plant ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soxhlet Extraction ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Primary Metabolites ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Quantitative Extraction ◽  
Poaceae Family ◽  
Ethanol Extracts

Various traditional systems of medicine enlightened the importance of Indian plants to have a great medicinal value. The present study was aimed to evaluate the Primary Metabolites study of Vetiveria lawsonii, belong to Poaceae family. Extracts were prepared in methanol, ethanol by Soxhlet extraction. Quantitative extraction of preliminary phytochemicals investigation revealed the presence of Carbohydrates (Starch and Total Soluble Sugar), Lipid, Proteins, and Phenol by using UV spectrometer. Experimental medicinal plant Vetiveria lawsonii are showing high concentration of primary metabolites. Hence, we can conclude that the methanol and ethanol extracts of Vetiveria lawsonii was possess primary metabolites. Keywords: - Vetiveria lawsonii; Primary Metabolites.

scholarly journals Sexual dimorphism in prostacyclin-mimetic responses of rat mesenteric and coronary arteries.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Baldwin ◽  
Elizabeth Forrester ◽  
Lauren McEwan ◽  
Iain Greenwood
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Approach ◽  
Mesenteric Arteries ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Sexual Dimorphisms ◽  
Kv7 Channels ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Ip Receptor ◽  
Female Wistar Rats ◽  
Arterial Tone

Background and purpose- Prostacyclin mimetics are widely used clinically. As such it is pertinent to understand the mechanisms underlying the vasoactive response to such agents, yet to date, no study has considered sex as a factor. The aim of this study was to characterise the effect of prostacyclin mimetics, Iloprost and MRE-269, on precontracted arterial tone from male and female Wistar arteries. As a secondary consideration, we investigated Kcnq-encoded KV7 channels as potential downstream targets of prostacyclin-IP-receptor mediated signalling. Experimental approach- Relative mRNA transcript and protein abundance were determined by RT-qPCR and immunocytochemistry respectively. The effect of Iloprost and MRE-269 was determined on pre-contracted arterial tone in the presence of pharmacological modulators of potassium channels and molecular interreference of KV7.1 within 2nd order mesenteric and left anterior descending arteries from male and female Wistar rats. Key results- Iloprost evoked a bi-phasic response in male mesenteric arteries, at low concentrations relaxing, then contracting the vessel at high concentration in a process attributed to IP and EP3 receptors respectively. Secondary contraction was absent in the females, potentially underpinned by a reduction in Ptger3. Pharmacological inhibition and molecular interference of KV7.1 significantly attenuated MRE-269 mediated relaxation in male and female Wistar in Diestrus / Metoestrous, but not Pro-oestrus / Oestrus. Conclusions and implications- Stark sexual dimorphisms in Iloprost mediated vasoactive responses are present within mesenteric arteries. KV7.1 is implicated in IP-receptor mediated vasorelaxation and is impaired by the Oestrus cycle.

Modelling of microbial processes that govern degradation of organic substrates in soil, with special reference to pesticides

1990 ◽  
Vol 329 (1255) ◽  
pp. 369-373 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Population ◽  
Large Fraction ◽  
Organic Substrates ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Deterministic Models ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Biokinetic Parameters ◽  
Soil Microbial Population ◽  
Kinetics Of

We tried to develop deterministic models for kinetics of 2,4-D breakdown in the soil based on the following considerations: (i) at low concentrations degradation results from maintenance consumption by a large fraction of the soil microbial population; (ii) at high concentration in addition to the maintenance consumption there is a growth-associated carbon incorporation by a small specific microbial population. Values for the biokinetic parameters are consistent with those commonly found in the literature. Comparison between observed and simulated curves suggests that a non-negligible part of the pesticidal carbon exists as microbial by-products.

Hydrogen Interaction with Defects in ZnO

2012 ◽  
Vol 733 ◽  
pp. 228-231 ◽  
Author(s):  
František Lukáč ◽  
Jakub Čížek ◽  
Marián Vlček ◽  
Ivan Procházka ◽  
Martin Vlach ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Subsurface Layer ◽  
Positron Annihilation Spectroscopy ◽  
Nuclear Reaction Analysis ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Low Concentrations ◽  
Hydrogen Interaction ◽  
Induced Stresses ◽  
Zno Crystal

In the present work hydrothermally grown ZnO single crystals were electrochemically charged with hydrogen. The influence of hydrogen on ZnO microstructure was investigated by positron annihilation spectroscopy (PAS) combined with X-ray diffraction (XRD) using synchrotron radiation. Hydrogen concentration in the samples was determined by nuclear reaction analysis (NRA). It was found that a high concentration of hydrogen can be introduced into ZnO by electrochemical loading. At low concentrations, absorbed hydrogen causes elastic volume expansion of ZnO crystal. At higher concentration, hydrogen-induced stresses exceed the yield stress in ZnO and plastic deformation of the crystal takes place leading to formation of a defected subsurface layer in the crystals.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document