Mixed Infection of Tick-borne Haemo-parasites in Water Buffalo and Associated Pathological Responses and Treatment

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pankaj Kumar ◽  
Prabhas Kumar ◽  
Rama Krishna Roy ◽  
Rashmi Rekha Kumari ◽  
Abhay Kumar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Water Buffaloes ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Tick Borne Disease ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Good Productivity ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Production Losses

Background: Water buffaloes are important milch species of tropical and subtropical countries. In general, they are considered to more resistant to diseases compared to crossbred cattle. However, a recent problem of tick-borne diseases in the water buffaloes by the field veterinarians and farmers causing production losses was observed. The study was conducted to explore the spectrum of tick-borne diseases (TBDs) infections in buffaloes and analyze the associated risk factors. Methods: Acute-phase response, cytokine and oxidative stress in infected buffaloes with TBDs were evaluated and compared with the negative buffaloes (control) to elucidate their role in pathogenesis and outcome of infection. The study was undertaken in 107 tick-infested water buffaloes. The conventional Giemsa stained blood smear (GSBS) based confirmation and classification of infection of haemo-parasites were made. The statistical model was used to understand their relevance with TBDs. Conclusion: Tick-borne disease in water buffaloes must be looked upon seriously to maintain good productivity. The buffaloes are often accompanied by low and un-yielding clinical symptoms due to associated co-infections of haemo-parasites. Our study showed that the buffaloes had a high prevalence (47.66%) of haemo-parasites transmitted by the ticks associated with co-infections and a low level of parasitemia. Most buffaloes responded symptomatically with the different modalities administered. Production parameter was not restored post 15 days of treatment. Oxidative stress is one of the important mechanisms of production losses in infected buffaloes.

Benefit Agmatine Effects in Experimental Multiple Sclerosis. CNS Nitrosative and Oxidative Stress Suppression / Protektivni Efekti Agmatina U Eksperimentalnoj Multiploj Sklerozi. Supresija Nitrozativnog I Oksidativnog Stresa U CNS-U

2014 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-243
Author(s):  
Ivana Stojanović ◽  
Srđan Ljubisavljević ◽  
Ivana Stevanović ◽  
Slavica Stojnev ◽  
Radmila Pavlović ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Protective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Neuroprotective Effects ◽  
Sprague Dawley Rats ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Summary The aim of this study was to investigate the exogenous agmatine influence on nitrosative and oxidative stress parameters in acute phase of multiple sclerosis (MS) experimental model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). EAE was induced by subcutaneous injection of myelin basic protein (50 μg per animal). Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into five groups: I group - (CG), treated by PBS (i.p.), II group - (EAE), III group - (CFA), treated with Complete Freund’s adjuvant (0.2 ml subcutaneously), IV group - (EAE+AGM), treated by agmatine (75 mg/kg bw i.p.) upon EAE induction and V group - (AGM), received only agmatine in the same dose. The animals were treated every day during experiment - from day 0 to 15, and clinically scored every day. They were sacrificed on day 16 from MBP application. NO2+NO3, S-nitrosothiols (RSNO), malondyaldehide (MDA) and reduced glutathione (GSH) concentrations and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity were determined in rat whole encephalitic mass (WEM) and cerebellum homogenates. Agmatine exerted strong protective effects on EAE clinical symptoms (p<0.05). In EAE brain homogenates, NO2+NO3, RSNO and MDA concentrations were increased compared to CG values. Agmatine treatment diminished NO2+NO3, RSNO and MDA levels in EAE animals (p<0.05). In EAE rats, GSH level and SOD activity were decreased compared to CG values, but agmatine treatment increased both parameters compared to EAE untreated animals (p<0.05). Immunohistochemical staining supported the clinical and biochemical findings in all groups. The CNS changes in EAE are successfully supressed by agmatine application, which could be the the new aspect of the neuroprotective effects of agmatine.

Genetic Variants and Oxidative Stress in Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 208-223 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Kowalska ◽  
Katarzyna Wize ◽  
Michał Prendecki ◽  
Margarita Lianeri ◽  
Wojciech Kozubski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Genetic Factors ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Redox System ◽  
Repair System ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Oxidative Species ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

: In an aging society, the number of people suffering from Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is still growing. Currently, intensive research is being carried out on the pathogenesis of AD. The results of these studies indicated that oxidative stress plays an important role in the onset and development of this disease. Moreover, in AD oxidative stress is generated by both genetic and biochemical factors as well as the functioning of the systems responsible for their formation and removal. The genetic factors associated with the regulation of the redox system include TOMM40, APOE, LPR, MAPT, APP, PSEN1 and PSEN2 genes. The most important biochemical parameters related to the formation of oxidative species in AD are p53, Homocysteine (Hcy) and a number of others. The formation of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) is also related to the efficiency of the DNA repair system, the effectiveness of the apoptosis, autophagy and mitophagy processes as well as the antioxidant potential. However, these factors are responsible for the development of many disorders, often with similar clinical symptoms, especially in the early stages of the disease. The discovery of markers of the early diagnosis of AD may contribute to the introduction of pharmacotherapy and slow down the progression of this disease.

scholarly journals Association of Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Markers with Metabolic Syndrome in Asian Indians in India

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veena S. Rao ◽  
Radhika K. Nagaraj ◽  
Sridhara Hebbagodi ◽  
Natesha B. Kadarinarasimhiah ◽  
Vijay V. Kakkar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Oxidative Stress Markers ◽  
Stress Markers ◽  
Candidate Predictor ◽  
Asian Indian Population ◽  
Atherosclerosis Research ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Primary Risk Factor

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease and is associated with a proinflammatory state. Here, we assessed the contribution of inflammatory and oxidative stress markers towards prediction of MetS. A total of 2316 individuals were recruited in Phase I of the Indian Atherosclerosis Research Study (IARS). Modified ATPIII guidelines were used for classification of subjects with MetS. Among the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers studied, levels of hsCRP (P<.0001), Neopterin (P=.036), and oxLDL (P<.0001) were significantly higher among subjects with MetS. Among the markers we tested, oxLDL stood out as a robust predictor of MetS in the IARS population (OR 4.956 95% CI 2.504–9.810;P<.0001) followed by hsCRP (OR 1.324 95% CI 1.070–1.638;P=.010). In conclusion, oxLDL is a candidate predictor for MetS in the Asian Indian population.

scholarly journals Frailty Is Associated with Oxidative Stress in Older Patients with Type 2 Diabetes

Nutrients ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 3983
Author(s):  
Blanca Alabadi ◽  
Miguel Civera ◽  
Adrián De la Rosa ◽  
Sergio Martinez-Hervas ◽  
Mari Carmen Gomez-Cabrera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Older Patients ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Geriatric Population ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Aging has increased the prevalence of frailty, and type 2 diabetes (T2D) has also increased in prevalence. Diabetes and oxidative stress (OS) have been shown to be related to frailty. However, the exact mechanism by which it occurs is not fully known. Our aim was to analyze body composition in community-dwelling older diabetic people treated in our center and to evaluate the possible relation between OS, frailty, and body composition. We included 100 adults older than 65 years with T2D. We found that 15% were frail and 57% were prefrail. The patients included in the nonrobust group showed increased levels of OS. Our study shows that the presence of T2D in the geriatric population is associated with a high prevalence of frailty and high OS levels, conditions that cause greater morbidity and mortality and that highlight the importance of the diagnosis of frailty in this population.

scholarly journals MON-448 Inflammatory and Oxidative Stress Parameters as Criteria of Classification of Metabolic Phenotypes of Insulin Resistance

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmine Bruno ◽  
Edoardo Vergani ◽  
Alessandro Brunetti ◽  
Bianca Maria Ricerca ◽  
Andrea Silvestrini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Metabolic Phenotypes ◽  
Oxidative Stress Parameters ◽  
And Oxidative Stress ◽  
Stress Parameters

Explore the Effects of Fe3O4 Nanoparticles and Oxidative Stress and Neuroinflammatory Responses on the Intestinal Flora Based on a Parkinson Rat Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 1176-1183
Author(s):  
Li Xu ◽  
Tuexun Mayila ◽  
Jie Wang
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Parkinson’S Disease ◽  
Parkinson's Disease ◽  
Nervous System ◽  
Inflammatory Response ◽  
Rat Model ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Synergistic Effects ◽  
Intestinal Flora ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Parkinson’s disease is a degenerative disease of the central nervous system, and it occurs in middle-aged and elderly people. Studies have shown that both the clinical symptoms and neuropathological evidence of Parkinson’s disease suggest that Parkinson’s disease may originate in the gut. Intestinal flora homeostasis plays an important role in maintaining normal functions of the brain and nervous system. It participates in changes in cellular flora through oxidative stress, inflammatory response, and immune response during metabolism. Intestinal flora disorders are closely related to the onset of neurological diseases such as Parkinson’s disease (PD). In order to better understand the relationship between intestinal flora and Parkinson’s disease, this article studies the correlation between PD rat models and intestinal flora, and analyzes the possible relationship between them. The 6-OHDA PD rat model is currently a better model preparation method, which is widely used in PD research. The experimental results show that using Fe3O4 nanoparticle technology to detect intestinal flora disorders in PD patients, and the role of intestinal flora disorders in Parkinson’s disease may include affecting inflammatory response and oxidative stress, α-synuclein Protein (α-syn), these modes of action are not independent, there are complex and synergistic effects, and the molecular simulation mechanism may play a key role in these effects. There is a certain relationship between intestinal flora and Parkinson’s disease, but the specific mechanism is not clear, and further research is needed to provide more directions for the early diagnosis and early treatment of PD.

Association between calcitriol and paricalcitol with oxidative stress in patients with hemodialysis

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Hasan Haci Yeter ◽  
Berfu Korucu ◽  
Elif Burcu Bali ◽  
Ulver Derici
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin D ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Total Antioxidant Status ◽  
Stress Index ◽  
Total Oxidant Status ◽  
Vitamin D Analog ◽  
Total Antioxidant ◽  
Oxidant Status ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Abstract. Background: The pathophysiological basis of chronic kidney disease and its complications, including cardiovascular disease, are associated with chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. We investigated the effects of active vitamin D (calcitriol) and synthetic vitamin D analog (paricalcitol) on oxidative stress in hemodialysis patients. Methods: This cross-sectional study was composed of 83 patients with a minimum hemodialysis vintage of one year. Patients with a history of any infection, malignancy, and chronic inflammatory disease were excluded. Oxidative markers (total oxidant and antioxidant status) and inflammation markers (C-reactive protein and interleukin-6) were analyzed. Results: A total of 47% (39/83) patients were using active or analog vitamin D. Total antioxidant status was significantly higher in patients with using active or analog vitamin D than those who did not use (p = 0.006). Whereas, total oxidant status and oxidative stress index were significantly higher in patients with not using vitamin D when compared with the patients who were using vitamin D preparation (p = 0.005 and p = 0.004, respectively). On the other hand, total antioxidant status, total oxidant status, and oxidative stress index were similar between patients who used active vitamin D or vitamin D analog (p = 0.6; p = 0.4 and p = 0.7, respectively). Conclusion: The use of active or selective vitamin D analog in these patients decreases total oxidant status and increases total antioxidant status. Also, paricalcitol is as effective as calcitriol in decreasing total oxidant status and increasing total antioxidant status in patients with chronic kidney disease.

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