Morphological and biochemical responses of sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) ecotypes to salinity

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ramazan Beyaz ◽  
Cengiz Sancak ◽  
Mustafa Yildiz
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Defense Systems ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Increased Activity

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of different NaCl concentrations (0, 100 and 150 mM) on the morphological and biochemical parameters of different sainfoin ecotypes ‘Koçaº’, ‘Malya,’ ‘Altýnova’ and ‘Ulaþ’ under controlled conditions. The morphological parameters included seed germination, seedling and root lengths, and seedling fresh and dry weights while the biochemical parameters included chlorophyll and proline contents, lipid peroxidation (MDA), and the activities of antioxidant enzymes (SOD, CAT, APX, and GR). The results demonstrated that increase in NaCl concentration caused an overall decrease in morphological parameters and an increase in the biochemical parameters in all ecotypes. The findings showed that among all ecotypes, ‘Koçaþ’ had higher chlorophyll and proline content, increased activity of CAT, GR, and APX, and increased fresh and dry weight in response to salt stress. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the evaluation of enzymatic and non-enzymatic defense systems in sainfoin plants under salt stress.

scholarly journals Screening of rice genotypes for salt tolerance by physiological and biochemical characters

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Uttam Bhowmik ◽  
Mohammad Golam Kibria ◽  
Mohammad Saidur Rhaman ◽  
Yoshiyuki Murata ◽  
Md. Anamul Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salt Tolerance ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Antioxidant Enzyme Activities ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Modern Cultivar ◽  
Biochemical Responses

Crop production is unexpectedly hampered by different abiotic stresses. Salinity is one of the leading stresses, which snappishly hampers plant developmental progression. Local rice landraces exhibit noticeable salt tolerance as well as high yield. However, research is scarce about the physio-biochemical responses of local landraces and modern cultivar under saline conditions. Therefore, the present experiment was designed to reveal the physio-biochemical responses of local landraces and modern cultivar under salinity stress. Five landraces (Jotai, Icheburogolghor, Morishal, Chapail, Kumro buro) and two modern cultivars (BR23 and BRRI dhan41) were subjected to 0, 20, 40, 60 and 80 mM NaCl treatment. The effects of salt stress on morphological parameters, proline contents, and activities of antioxidant enzymes were assessed. Salt stress reduces the morphological parameters of all tested cultivars. The Morishal and BRRI dhan41 exhibited higher growth of plant and physiological parameters than other cultivars under the highest salinity. The catalase (CAT) and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), exhibited a significant increase whereas peroxidase (POX) activity significantly declined in all the cultivars under salinity stress. Morishal and BRRI dhan41 showed the highest proline content under the maximum saline condition. These results suggest that the high tolerant landrace and modern cultivars were Morishal and BRRI dhan41 respectively. These results also suggest that Morishal and BRRI dhan41 exhibited high tolerance to salinity by enhancing proline content and antioxidant enzyme activities.

scholarly journals Assessment of Morpho-Physiological, Biochemical and Antioxidant Responses of Tomato Landraces to Salinity Stress

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 696
Author(s):  
Reem H. Alzahib ◽  
Hussein M. Migdadi ◽  
Abdullah A. Al Ghamdi ◽  
Mona S. Alwahibi ◽  
Abdullah A. Ibrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Salinity Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Enzymatic Antioxidants ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Carotene Content ◽  
Antioxidants Activity ◽  
Solanum Lycopersicum L ◽  
Salinity Levels

Understanding salt tolerance in tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) landraces will facilitate their use in genetic improvement. The study assessed the morpho-physiological variability of Hail tomato landraces in response to different salinity levels at seedling stages and recommended a tomato salt-tolerant landrace for future breeding programs. Three tomato landraces, Hail 548, Hail 747, and Hail 1072 were tested under three salinity levels: 75, 150, and 300 mM NaCl. Salinity stress reduced shoots’ fresh and dry weight by 71% and 72%, and roots were 86.5% and 78.6%, respectively. There was 22% reduced chlorophyll content, carotene content by 18.6%, and anthocyanin by 41.1%. Proline content increased for stressed treatments. The 300 mM NaCl treatment recorded the most proline content increases (67.37 mg/g fresh weight), with a percent increase in proline reaching 61.67% in Hail 747. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity decreased by 65% in Hail 548, while it relatively increased in Hail 747 and Hail 1072 treated with 300 mM NaCl. Catalase (CAT) activity was enhanced by salt stress in Hail 548 and recorded 7.6%, increasing at 75 and 5.1% at 300 mM NaCl. It revealed a reduction in malondialdehyde (MDA) at the 300 mM NaCl concentration in both Hail 548 and Hail 1072 landraces. Increasing salt concentrations showed a reduction in transpiration rate of 70.55%, 7.13% in stomatal conductance, and 72.34% in photosynthetic rate. K+/Na+ ratios decreased from 56% for 75 mM NaCl to 85% for 300 mM NaCl treatments in all genotypes. The response to salt stress in landraces involved some modifications in morphology, physiology, and metabolism. The landrace Hail 548 may have better protection against salt stress and observed protection against reactive oxygen species (ROS) by increasing enzymatic “antioxidants” activity under salt stress.

scholarly journals Growth, Physiological and Biochemical Responses of two Greek Cotton Cultivars to Salt Stress and their Impact as Selection Indices for Salt Tolerance

2019 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria-Anna MOUSSOURAKI ◽  
Eleni TANI ◽  
Anna VELLIOU ◽  
Maria GOUFA ◽  
Maria PSYCHOGIOU ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Ion Homeostasis ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Agricultural Product ◽  
Digital Object Identifier ◽  
Sensitivity Index ◽  
Nacl Concentration

Soil salinity is a major constrain of crop productivity. Upland cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) is an important fiber crop worldwide and a major agricultural product in Greece. Two commercial cotton cultivars (‘Hersi’ and ‘ST 318’) were studied to compare their response under non-saline and saline conditions in a greenhouse experiment. Salt stress on plants was imposed by two different approaches: a gradual and an initial acclimatization to a non-lethal NaCl concentration (150 mM). To explore salt stress responses, growth (height of plants, roots, shoots and leaves dry weight, reproductive shoots, Salinity Sensitivity Index), gas exchange (Photosynthetic rate, Stomatal conductance, Transpiration rate and Water Use Efficiency) and biochemical parameters (proline, H2O2 and MDA content), were examined as well as ion homeostasis. ‘Hersi’ had significantly higher dry weight of roots, shoots and leaves, lower salinity sensitivity index of roots compared to ‘ST 318’.  In this regard, it appears that ‘Hersi’ cultivar performed better than ‘ST 318’ to increased salinity conditions, due to better control of gas exchange parameters and K+/Na+ homeostasis as well as better membrane integrity. Furthermore, the gradual acclimatization to the 150 mM NaCl concentration had a milder effect on both cultivars compared to the initial acclimatization.   ********* In press - Online First. Article has been peer reviewed, accepted for publication and published online without pagination. It will receive pagination when the issue will be ready for publishing as a complete number (Volume 47, Issue 3, 2019). The article is searchable and citable by Digital Object Identifier (DOI). DOI link will become active after the article will be included in the complete issue. *********

scholarly journals Salt stress induced accumulation of biomolecules in groundnut genotypes

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. 11-21
Author(s):  
D. E. Jharna ◽  
S. C. Samanta
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Growth Parameters ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Salt Stress Condition ◽  
Respective Control ◽  
Root Dry Weight ◽  
Traditional Variety

Salinity is one of the environmental limiting factors in agricultural production. The aim of this study was to find out one of more salt tolerant groundnut genotypes through monitoring the growth and changes in biomolecules under salt stress condition. Purposively four groundnut genotypes, including a Traditional variety, Zhingabadam, Binachinabadam-1 and Dacca-1 were grown under three salinity levels viz. 0, 3 and 5 dSm-1. The experiment was laid out in two factorial completely randomized design with three replications. This experiment was done in soil based pot culture up to 40 days. Increasing salt concentration drastically reduced all the growth parameters, and increase proline and sugar content of leaf. Among the varieties Traditional variety, Zhingabadam and Dacca-1 had statistically similar shoot and root dry weight. The leaves of the Traditional variety contain the highest amount of proline of 14.52 and 36.24 mg/100g fresh leaves in 3 and 5 dS/m salinity, respectively which was 236 and 737 % higher than that of respective control. At EC of 3 and 5 dS/m, the variety Binachinabadam-1 was appeared to be susceptible, having an increase of 6 and 113% proline content over the respective control. Based on the shoot dry weight, root dry weight, proline content, total sugar, reducing sugar and relative water content, the Traditional variety was strongly recommended to be grown in the coastal salt affected soils. The Zhingabadam and Dacca-1 variety also could be recommended as they had comparable performance of the Traditional variety.

scholarly journals Kinetics of the antioxidant response to salinity in the halophyte Limonium bicolour

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 (No. 11) ◽  
pp. 493-497 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Li
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Superoxide Dismutase ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Antioxidant Response ◽  
Fresh Weight ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Anti Oxidant ◽  
Low Levels ◽  
Kinetics Of

The fresh weight (fw) and dry weight (dw) of shoots and roots, the activity of anti-oxidant enzymes [superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT)], and parameters of oxidative stress of shoots – malondialdehyde (MDA) – were investigated in <I>Limonium bicolor</I>, a naturally salt-resistant halophyte. The seedlings of <I>L. bicolour</I> were treated with different (0, 100, 200, 400 mmol/l) NaCl concentrations. The results showed that NaCl played an important role in growth of <I>L. bicolour</I>. It made obviously promotion of a certain NaCl concentration to growth of <I>L. bicolor</I>, the seedlings of <I>L. bicolour</I> grew best under 100 mmol/l salt concentration, fresh weight and dry weight reached the maximum. MDA concentration of shoots slightly decreased under 100 mmol/l salt stress, then increased with increased NaCl concentration. The activities of SOD, POD and CAT increased with the increase of the concentration of NaCl in shoots of <I>L. bicolour</I>. The salt tolerance of this halophyte under salt stress conditions is probably due to its ability to exhibit high SOD, POD and CAT enzyme activities and low levels of oxidative stress.

scholarly journals Chitosan ameliorates growth and biochemical attributes in mungbean varieties under saline condition

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuma Rani Ray ◽  
Muhammad Javidul Haque Bhuiyan ◽  
Mohammad Anowar Hossain ◽  
Ahmed Khairul Hasan ◽  
Shayla Sharmin
Keyword(s):  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Proline Accumulation ◽  
Proline Content ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Morphological Parameters ◽  
Saline Condition ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Salinity Condition ◽  
Seed Collections ◽  
Number Of Seeds

The pot experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of chitosan on the morphological, biochemical parameters of four Mungbean varieties (BARI Mung3, BARI Mung6, BINA Mung5 and BINA Mung8) under salinity condition. Each pot having eight kilograms of soil was prepared to grow three plants of each variety. The experiment comprised with four different conditions in triplicates viz. control, saline (40 mM NaCl, 25 days after sowing- DAS), saline plus chitosan (25 ppm chitosan, 30DAS on saline condition) and chitosan (25 ppm chitosan on control condition). Seed collections followed by data analysis were done. Proline content was measured accordingly. Salinity caused reduction in all growth and yield contributing attributes compared to control groups of all four varieties. Proline accumulation was enhanced due to saline condition, and this accumulation was not enhanced by application of chitosan. However, application of chitosan played as an outstanding stimulating role in all morphological parameters like number of flowers plant-1, number of pods plant-1, number of seeds pod-1 and thousand seeds weight under salinity stress.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.3(1): 45-51, April 2016

scholarly journals The Use of Halophytic Companion Plant (Portulaca oleracea L.) on Some Growth, Fruit, and Biochemical Parameters of Strawberry Plants under Salt Stress

Horticulturae ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Sema Karakas ◽  
Ibrahim Bolat ◽  
Murat Dikilitas
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Companion Plant

Strawberry is a salt-sensitive plant adversely affected by slightly or moderately saline conditions. The growth, fruit, and biochemical parameters of strawberry plants grown under NaCl (0, 30, 60, and 90 mmol L−1) conditions with or without a halophytic companion plant (Portulaca oleracea L.) were elucidated in a pot experiment. Salt stress negatively affected the growth, physiological (stomatal conductance and electrolyte leakage), and biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll contents (chl-a and chl-b); proline, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, catalase, and peroxidase enzyme activities; total soluble solids; and lycopene and vitamin C contents, as well as the mineral uptake, of strawberry plants. The companionship of P. oleracea increased fresh weight, dry weight, and fruit average weight, as well as the total fruit yield of strawberry plants along with improvements of physiological and biochemical parameters. This study showed that the cultivation of P. oleracea with strawberry plants under salt stress conditions effectively increased strawberry fruit yield and quality. Therefore, we suggest that approaches towards the use of P. oleracea could be an environmentally friendly method that should be commonly practiced where salinity is of great concern.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF SEED SOAKING WITH GA3 ON EMERGENCE AND SEEDLING GROWTH OF CORN UNDER SALT STRESS

2017 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza & Ali
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Seedling Growth ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Emergence Time ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Seedling Length ◽  
Time Coefficient ◽  
Nacl Concentration ◽  
Emergence Rate

Soaking seeds with gibberellic acid improves germination and may consider as a solution for reduce negative effects of salt stress. Therefore, an experiment was carried out in shaded area belong to Agriculture College, University of Baghdad during fall and spring seasons 2012-2013 to test effect of seeds soaking in GA3 on emergence and seedling growth of corn under salt stress. First factor was two levels dry seeds and soaked seeds in 300 ppm concentration of GA3 for 24 hours. Second factor was five levels (0, 1000, 2000, 3000 and 4000 ppm NaCl). Randomize complete block design (RCBD) was used with four replications. Results showed significant superiority of soaked seeds in GA3 gave best values for last day of emergence, time it takes for the emergence, mean of emergence time, coefficient velocity of emergence, emergence rate index, seedling length and seedling dry weight during both seasons. Results showed increased negative effects with increasing of NaCl concentration for same attributes above except time it takes for the emergence during both seasons. Content of leaves of proline acid was increased with increasing of NaCl concentration. Results showed significant interaction between treatment of soaked seed in GA3 and treatment of 0 ppm concentration of NaCl compared with interaction between treatment of dry seeds and treatment of 4.000 ppm concentration of NaCl, has given best values for emergence rate index and seedling dry weight during both seasons. Significant correlation positive and negative was found between most those attributes. It can be conclude that soaking of seeds in GA3 improved emergence and seedling growth of corn under salt stress. We recommend soaking corn seeds in 300 ppm concentration of GA3 for 24 hours before planting in salty lands.

scholarly journals Biochemical Responses of Shoot and Root Tissues of Sainfoin (Onobrychis viciifolia Scop.) to NaCl-Salt Stress Under İn Vitro Conditions

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 110
Author(s):  
Ramazan Beyaz
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Salt Stress ◽  
Root Tissue ◽  
Ms Medium ◽  
Forage Crops ◽  
Sod Activity ◽  
Onobrychis Viciifolia ◽  
Biochemical Responses ◽  
Root Tissues

Sainfoin (Fabaceae) is one of the most critical animal forage crops. However, the tolerance of sainfoin is low against to salinity. This study aims to investigate biochemical responses of the shoot and root tissue of sainfoin seedlings to moderate salt stress under in vitro conditions. For this aim, the seed of sainfoin were sown MS medium containing 100 mM NaCl. Antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, APX, and GR), proline and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents were measured in shoot and root tissue of 35-day-old seedlings of sainfoin. A significantly higher constitutive catalase (CAT) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was observed in shoot tissues when compared to root tissues. Overall, salt stress caused significant more enhancement in the activity of antioxidant enzymes (CAT, SOD, APX, and GR) in shoot tissues than root tissue. On the other hand, among the antioxidant enzymes, SOD seems to be more active in both tissues of sainfoin. Interestingly, the activity of GR reduced in both tissue under salt stress. The content of proline and MDA has been increased under salt stress and this increase has been more in the root tissue. This study has revealed biochemical responses to salt stress in different organs of sainfoin.

scholarly journals The Use of Halophytic Companion Plant (Portulaca oleracea L.) on Some Growth, Fruit, and Biochemical Parameters of Strawberry Plants Under Salt Stress

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sema Karakas ◽  
Ibrahim Bolat ◽  
Murat Dikilitas
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Fruit Yield ◽  
Portulaca Oleracea ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Chl A ◽  
Chlorophyll Contents ◽  
Companion Plant

Strawberry is a saline sensitive plant adversely affected under slightly or moderately saline conditions. Growth and biochemical parameters of strawberry plants grown under NaCl (0-, 30-, 60-, and 90 mmol L-1) conditions with or without a halophytic companion plant (Portulaca oleracea L.) were investigated in a pot experiment. Salt stress negatively affected the growth, physiological (stomatal conductance, electrolyte leakage, total soluble solids) and biochemical parameters such as chlorophyll contents (chl-a and chl-b), proline, hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde, catalase, and peroxidase enzyme activities, lycopene, vitamin C contents along with the mineral uptake of strawberry plants. The companionship of P. oleacea increased fresh weight, dry weight, and fruit average weight and total fruit yield of strawberry plants along with the improvement of physiological and biochemical parameters. This study showed that cultivating of P. oleracea with strawberry plants under salt stress conditions effectively increased strawberry fruit yield and quality. We, therefore, that approaches towards the use of P. oleracea could be an environmentally friendly method that should be commonly practised where salinity is of great concern.

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