scholarly journals Infant Brain Development And The Impact Of Breast Feeding: A Review Of Literature

2007 ◽  
Vol 4 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Molly H. Minkkinen
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Review Of Literature ◽  
The People ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Infant Brain ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Infant Brain Development ◽  
The Impact

Research in the area of infant development has endless facets of investigation.  No one facet of research is more important than another, and all of the findings work in a synchronous fashion to facilitate our understanding of child development.   Research on child development has proliferated across the centuries.  Infant characteristics like attention, digestion, and behavior are among the areas studied. The research findings in these and many other areas have deepened our understanding of how infants respond to their environments, and to the people who care for them. The findings from past research have also led to changes in strategies for interacting with infants in the medical, educational, and parenting realms. 

scholarly journals Evaluasi Kebijakan Pemerintah Pasca Bencana (Studi Kasus Bencana di Sulawesi Tengah)

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 15
Author(s):  
Ahsan Samad ◽  
Erdiansyah Erdiansyah ◽  
Rina Wulandari
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Data ◽  
Economic Conditions ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Study Approach ◽  
The People ◽  
Time Period ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City ◽  
Post Disaster

The purpose of this study is to identify and describe the impact and behavior of the community on post-disaster economic conditions in the city of Palu and to know the local government's public policies in handling these cases. Using qualitative methods with a case study approach, literature study, and secondary data processing from various social elements. In addition, data collection was carried out by interviewing informants who felt the direct impact of the earthquake, tsunami and liquefaction in Palu, Sigi and Donggala. The results showed that the post-disaster impact felt by the people of Palu City was generally in the "severe" classification. The socio-economic conditions of the people of Palu include several aspects, ranging from the geographical conditions that are in disaster-prone zones, to the extremely poor health conditions after the disaster. The conclusion of this research shows that the escalation of natural disasters in the city of Palu is considered quite large because it consists of three types of disasters, namely the Earthquake, Tsunami and Liquifation in the same time period. Palu City is the capital of the Province as well as the economic and administrative center of Central Sulawesi Province. Damage to warehousing infrastructure coupled with massive looting from unscrupulous people in logistics supply warehouses resulted in goods that were supposed to be distributed both to the city and the district finally unable to be implemented.Tujuan penelitian ini yaitu mengidentifikasi dan mendeskripsikan evaluasi dampak dan perilaku masyarakat terhadap kondisi perekonomian pasca bencana di kota Palu dan mengetahui kebijakan publik pemerintah setempat dalam menangani kasus tersebut. Menggunakan metode kualitatif dengan pendekatan  studi kasus, studi literature, dan pengolahan data sekunder dari berbagai elemen sosial. Selain itu pengambilan data dilakukan dengan cara wawacara kepada narasumber yang merasakan dampak langsung dari bencana gempa,tsunami dan likuifaksi di Palu,Sigi dan Donggala. Hasil penelitian memperlihatkan bahwa dampak pasca bencana yang dirasakan oleh masyarakat Kota Palu secara umum berada pada klasifikasi “berat”. Kondisi sosial ekonomi masyarakat kota Palu meliputi beberapa aspek, mulai dari kondisi geografis yang berada pada zona rawan bencana, kondisi kesehatan sangat memprihatinkan pasca bencana. Kesimpulan penelitain ini menujukkan bahwa eskalasi bencana alam kota Palu dinilai cukup besar karena terdiri dari tiga macam bencana yaitu Gempa Bumi, Tsunami dan Liquifasi dalam kurun waktu sama. Kota Palu merupakan ibukota Provinsi sekaligus sebagai pusat ekonomi dan pemerintahan Provinsi Sulawesi Tengah. Rusaknya infrakstruktur pergudangan ditambah dengan adanya penjarahan yang massiv dari oknum masyarakat pada gudang-gudang suplai logistik mengakibatkan barang yang semestinya didistribusikan baik ke kota ataupun ke kabupaten akhirnya tidak dapat dilaksanakan.

scholarly journals Water And Other Drinks Consumption Evaluation In Kuwait

2011 ◽  
Vol 4 (11) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasem M. Alhumoud ◽  
Jaber Al-Medij
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Public Opinion ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Sample Population ◽  
Education Programs ◽  
The People ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Number Of Classes ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

The problem of securing and gaining reliable water supplies has been an issue of great importance to the people of Kuwait, ever since the earliest days of settlement in the region. The main objective of this paper is to analyze the Kuwaitis' attitudes concerning water and other drinks consumption. A simple, yet structured questionnaire, which provides the data base for the study was designed, presented, and employed in a person-survey of a random sample of 2,500 individuals residing in the six governorates of Kuwait. The frequency distribution of the type of water (tap, filter and/or bottled), number of classes of water, number of classes of other drinks, and other socio-economic characteristics of the sample population are presented. Results show that although an overwhelming majority of Kuwaitis know that drinking water is health enhancing, most do not drink as much per day as they should. Results also show that people in Kuwait consume a lot of dehydrating drinks. More importantly, this research establishes a baseline of information about public opinion, knowledge, and behavior regarding drinking water and other drinks, so that the impact of public education programs, in particular, may be assessed and measured in the future.

Piety, Devotion, and Support for Shariʿa: Examining the Link between Religiosity and Political Attitudes in Pakistan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Niloufer A. Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Political Attitudes ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Religious Extremism ◽  
Original Analysis ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior

Pakistan is widely considered to be a “religious” society, with survey data demonstrating that a high percentage of people consider religion an important part of their lives and support the implementation of shariʿa law. How does this apparent religiosity translate into political attitudes and behavior? This article examines this relationship by, first, analyzing how definitional and measurement choices have affected past research findings, and, second, through original analysis of Pew Research Center data from Pakistan using three distinct measures of religiosity. Survey results demonstrate that religious individuals hold meaningfully distinct views compared to their less religious counterparts on some issues of political importance—for example, they are more likely to support democracy. Along other outcome measures, such as concern with religious extremism and attitudes toward India, religiosity is not a consistently key factor, and its predictive value depends on how the concept is defined and measured.

scholarly journals Neurobiological limits and the somatic significance of love: Caregivers’ engagements with neuroscience in Scottish parenting programmes

2020 ◽  
Vol 33 (5) ◽  
pp. 85-109
Author(s):  
Tineke Broer ◽  
Martyn Pickersgill ◽  
Sarah Cunningham-Burley
Keyword(s):  
Brain Development ◽  
Processing Speed ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Brain Scans ◽  
Falling Asleep ◽  
Infant Brain ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Psychological Knowledge ◽  
Infant Brain Development

While parents have long received guidance on how to raise children, a relatively new element of this involves explicit references to infant brain development, drawing on brain scans and neuroscientific knowledge. Sometimes called ‘brain-based parenting’, this has been criticised from within sociological and policy circles alike. However, the engagement of parents themselves with neuroscientific concepts is far less researched. Drawing on 22 interviews with parents/carers of children (mostly aged 0–7) living in Scotland, this article examines how they account for their (non-)use of concepts and understandings relating to neuroscience. Three normative tropes were salient: information about children’s processing speed, evidence about deprived Romanian orphans in the 1990s, and ideas relating to whether or not children should ‘self-settle’ when falling asleep. We interrogate how parents reflexively weigh and judge such understandings and ideas. In some cases, neuroscientific knowledge was enrolled by parents in ways that supported biologically reductionist models of childhood agency. This reductionism commonly had generative effects, enjoining new care practices and producing particular parent and infant subjectivities. Notably, parents do not uncritically adopt or accept (sometimes reductionist) neurobiological and/or psychological knowledge; rather, they reflect on whether and when it is applicable to and relevant for raising their children. Thus, our respondents draw on everyday epistemologies of parenting to negotiate brain-based understandings of infant development and behaviour, and invest meaning in these in ways that cannot be fully anticipated (or appreciated) within straightforward celebrations or critiques of the content of parenting programmes drawing on neuropsychological ideas.

scholarly journals The proper use of face mask during COVID-19 pandemic in urban community

2021 ◽  
Vol 129 (s2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jongky Hendro Prajitno ◽  
Sulistiawati Kahexa Firman ◽  
Jefferson Caessario ◽  
Nihal Sofyan ◽  
Bagus Ari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Urban Community ◽  
Face Mask ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
The People ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Background: We need to know the understanding and behavior of the people for the prevention of coronavirus transmission. The breakthrough method is needed to be able to evaluate health problems among the society, provide solutions, and simultaneously evaluate the impact of changes on society.

scholarly journals Kritik Sastra Ekologis terhadap Novel-novel Terbaru Indonesia

GERAM ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-89
Author(s):  
Noni Andriyani ◽  
Wilda Srihastuty Handayani Piliang
Keyword(s):  
Global Warming ◽  
Literary Criticism ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Ecological Literature ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Natural Situation ◽  
The Universe

Environmental literary works appear as a form of literary sensitivity to society and the environment which has specific environmental tendencies. Studies using the theory of ecological literature began in around 2008 and above with a very limited number. Therefore, the development of studies of literary works with this theory is very necessary. The creation of public opinion about the importance of protecting the environment to reduce the impact of global warming is very necessary. Later, through several novels, authors have done it. However, not all messages in the novel are clearly conveyed so that they still need ecological literary criticism to understand them. Based on this, the problem raised in this study is "What is the ecological literary criticism of Indonesia's latest novels?". Data collection and data analysis is done by descriptive and content analysis methods. Data are classified and analyzed with ecological literary concepts according to Garrard including (1) pollution; (2) wilderness; (3) disaster; (4) housing / residence; (5) animals; and (6) earth. The research findings and discussion show that Indonesia's latest novels are friendly with their environment, want to describe as much detail as possible about the universe, worship nature, and are always interested in natural changes. Ecological literary concepts are contained in Indonesia's latest novels to describe the natural situation as well as to criticize human treatment of nature. Indonesia's latest novels teach that an attitude of compassion for nature gives rise to desire and behavior to protect and preserve nature as well as possible.

Industrial and Organizational (I/O) Psychology

2013 ◽  
pp. 175-219 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ben Tran
Keyword(s):  
Return On Investment ◽  
Human Performance ◽  
Work Organization ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Psychological Measurement ◽  
Organizational Contexts ◽  
The People ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Positive Return

An Industrial and Organizational (I/O) psychologist is commonly referred to as an I/O practitioner and as an I/O consultant. I/O psychology is the branch of psychology concerned with the application of psychological principles in the workplace. To practitioners, I/O psychology is the application or extension of psychological methods and principles to the solution of organizational and workplace problems, both in the domestic and international arenas. Most commonly, I/O psychology is concerned with those problems caused by human performance and those which affect human performance within organizational contexts. As such, I/O psychologists employ psychological measurement and research findings related to human abilities, motivation, perception, and learning in seeking to improve the fit between the needs of the work organization and those of the people who populate it. Thus, an I/O psychologist plays a paramount role in successful global ventures by addressing two key factors—culture and behavior—resulting in positive return-on-investment (ROI).

Factors influencing farmer’s perceptions and behavior toward pesticide use in Malaysia

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (5) ◽  
pp. 776-792
Author(s):  
Jamal Ali ◽  
Norhafezah Yusof ◽  
Fadzli Shah Abd. Aziz
Keyword(s):  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Compliance Behavior ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Effective Program ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
The Impact

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the factors believed to influence the behavior of 1,042 rice farmers in Malaysia regarding the overuse of pesticides. Frequent overuse of pesticide will have an impact on human health and the environment, which lead to greater expenditure on health care. Design/methodology/approach The theoretical models of compliance behavior tested include the basic deterrence model, which focuses on the enforcement of regulation as a key determinant of compliance. The models integrate economic theory with theories of social behavior to account for motivations expected, influencing individuals’ decisions on whether to follow the regulation on using pesticides. Findings Significance tests reported that the information regarding the danger of using pesticides, the perception toward the impact on the environment and the expected impact on health influences the compliance behavior of using pesticides. Research limitations/implications These findings highlight the necessity for the policy makers to design an effective program which gives more information and provide training related to the risk and the safe handling of pesticides. Practical implications The farmers who receive information and training related to handling of pesticides become more cautious in the use of pesticides. Countries involved in agriculture and the use of pesticides widely by their farmers need to emphasize continuous training and periodic information dissemination. Social implications The implication drawn is rice farmers should be encouraged to practice new methods in rice planting, especially in the integrated pest management method. Originality/value These research findings suggest that the overuse of pesticides in the rice farming continues to be an important problem.

How Do Values Affect Behavior? Let Me Count the Ways

2021 ◽  
pp. 108886832110159
Author(s):  
Lilach Sagiv ◽  
Sonia Roccas
Keyword(s):  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Personal Values ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Impact Behavior ◽  
Future Research ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Structural Aspects ◽  
Organizing Principles

The impact of personal values on preferences, choices, and behaviors has evoked much interest. Relatively little is known, however, about the processes through which values impact behavior. In this conceptual article, we consider both the content and the structural aspects of the relationships between values and behavior. We point to unique features of values that have implications to their relationships with behavior and build on these features to review past research. We then propose a conceptual model that presents three organizing principles: accessibility, interpretation, and control. For each principle, we identify mechanisms through which values and behavior are connected. Some of these mechanisms have been exemplified in past research and are reviewed; others call for future research. Integrating the knowledge on the multiple ways in which values impact behavior deepens our understanding of the complex ways through which cognition is translated into action.

The Impact of Victimization on Fear

1987 ◽  
Vol 33 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-154 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wesley G. Skogan
Keyword(s):  
Fear Of Crime ◽  
Past Research ◽  
Special Treatment ◽  
Criminal Victimization ◽  
Consistent Manner ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Attitudes And Behavior ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

This report examines the relationship between criminal victimization and fear of crime. Past research has been surprisingly inconclusive about this issue, and some people's fears have been branded “irrational” because the two did not appear to be tightly linked. However, the data analyzed here indicate that victimization affects both fear-related attitudes and behavior in a clear and consistent manner. This report also suggests that the impact of victimization is relatively uniform. Some research has indicated that certain groups are especially affected by crime, a claim that might be used to justify special treatment for selected victims and has been used to support demands for special “treatment” of selected offenders. However, the strong effects of victimization registered in these data were not differentially distributed across subgroups. In sum, most people do learn from their experiences, although other kinds of learning are rational as well.

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