scholarly journals Dropping out – Hungarian experiences at vocational training

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (33) ◽  
pp. 103-124
Author(s):  
Imola Csehné Papp ◽  
Mária Héder-Rima ◽  
Krisztina Dajnoki
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Study Results ◽  
School Drop Out ◽  
Market Status ◽  
Questionnaire Surveys

The proportion of people with low school qualifications remains significant in Hungary, which not only makes it difficult for them to enter the current labour market but may also exclude them in the long term. For the increasing number of people with a low level of education, dropping out seems to be one of the most common reasons. Prevention as a determinative measure can provide answers to this problem. The study focuses on the issue of secondary school drop-out. The study results were based on the methodology of questionnaire surveys and semi-structured conversations. Based on the information obtained from the survey, this study continuously presents the results connected to drop-out conditions and compensatory measures. The study results highlight the significant effects of school and family, including previous school experiences, influence on the place of residence, the labour market status. The conclusions drawn from the results address the topic in a practical way and provide an opportunity to develop a possible action plan to prevent drop-outs.

scholarly journals "If you don't have an education, you are no one": Understanding the School Experiences of Youth Involved in Drug-Related Crime in Ciudad Juárez and Medellín

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 148
Author(s):  
Cirenia Chavez Villegas ◽  
Elena Butti
Keyword(s):  
Educational Experiences ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Ciudad Juarez ◽  
Urban Centers ◽  
Male Youth ◽  
Youth Delinquency ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Out Of School

The relation between being out of school and participating in criminal economies is widely documented in the literature on youth delinquency. However, the complex connection between these two phenomena has not yet been fully unpacked. This paper draws from two studies that we, the authors, conducted separately to explore the role educational experiences play in shaping the delinquent trajectories of male youth who participate in the drug business in urban centers located in Mexico and Colombia. The first consists of in-depth interviews and surveys conducted in Ciudad Juárez, Mexico, while the second is based on long-term ethnographic engagement in Medellín, Colombia. We provide unique insights into the educational experiences of this hard-to-reach population and find that economic hardship does not wholly explain why these young people leave school and engage in delinquent activities. These youth do not "drop out" of school in search of money; rather, they are "pushed out" by a vicious cycle of stigmatization, segregation, punishment, and exclusion. By exploring these dynamics in two cities that have waged long drug wars, this article furthers understanding of the nexus between crime-related violence and educational experiences, thus making an important contribution to the field of education in emergencies.

scholarly journals A Multiscale Tiered Approach to Quantify Contributions: A Case Study of PM2.5 in South Korea During 2010–2017

Atmosphere ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Minah Bae ◽  
Byeong-Uk Kim ◽  
Hyun Cheol Kim ◽  
Soontae Kim
Keyword(s):  
Air Quality ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Sparse Matrix ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Weather Research And Forecasting ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Simulation Based ◽  
Operator Kernel

We estimated long-term foreign contributions to the particulate matter of 2.5 μm or less in diameter (PM2.5) concentrations in South Korea with a set of air quality simulations. The Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF)-Sparse Matrix Operator Kernel Emissions (SMOKE)-Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) modeling system was used to simulate the base and sensitivity case after a 50% reduction of foreign emissions. The effects of horizontal modeling grid resolutions (27- and 9-km) was also investigated. For this study, we chose PM2.5 in South Korea during 2010–2017 for the case study and emissions from China as a representative foreign source. The 9-km simulation results show that the 8-year average contribution of the Chinese emissions in 17 provinces ranged from 40–65%, which is ~4% lower than that from the 27-km simulation for the high-tier government segments (particularly prominent in coastal areas). However, for the same comparison for low-tier government segments (i.e., 250 prefectures), the 9-km simulation presented lowered the foreign contribution by up to 10% compared to that from the 27-km simulation. Based on our study results, we recommend using high-resolution modeling results for regional contribution analyses to develop an air quality action plan as the receptor coverage decreases.

School Characteristics among Children of Alcoholic Parents

2002 ◽  
Vol 90 (1) ◽  
pp. 341-348 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria J. Casas-Gil ◽  
Jose I. Navarro-Guzman
Keyword(s):  
Academic Performance ◽  
Children Of Alcoholics ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
School Grade ◽  
Drinking Problem ◽  
School Drop Out ◽  
Direct Outcome ◽  
Alcoholic Parents

Studies show that children of alcoholics constitute a population at-risk commonly for poor performance, skipping school days, and school drop out. The focus of the present study was to examine a variety of direct outcome variables measuring academic performance among a sample of 226 children, 108 of them from parents who misused alcohol in Cadiz. Parents were outpatients of a Health Service and received treatment for the drinking problem; 118 students were children of nonalcoholic parents attending the same schools as the children of alcoholic parents. Both groups were compared on age, sex, school grade, and social environment. The study identified five variables on which performance by children of alcoholic parents was poorer: intelligence, repeating a grade, low academic performance, skipping school days, and dropping out of school.

The school drop-out or rather “push out” problem in the South and in the North

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-75
Author(s):  
Birgit Brock-Utne ◽  
Torill Aagot Halvorsen ◽  
Mwajuma Vuzo
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
The South ◽  
Ethnographic Interviews ◽  
The North ◽  
School Drop Out ◽  
Out Of School

Both in developing countries in the South and developed countries in the North a large portion of pupils from each cohort drop out or, maybe more correctly described, are pushed out of school each year. In the South, there is also a considerable portion of school-aged children who do not attend school at all. The article examines selected data collected from ethnographic interviews, during a Norwegian ongoing longitudinal project, and a survey in Tanzania, and other developing countries. We ask the questions: What are the reasons for this situation? Are the reasons the same in the South as in the North? In this article examples will be given from a country in the North, Norway and a country in the South, Tanzania. What do we know about the reasons for dropping out of school in these two countries? Who are the children dropping out? From which social class do they come? Are they from urban or rural areas? Were there more boys or more girls? What happens to the children after they drop out of school? How much is the school itself to blame for the situation? How relevant is what is learnt in school to the life children lead and their job prospects? What could have been done differently in order to retain children in school in the South, exemplified by Tanzania, and the North exemplified by Norway?

scholarly journals De-individualising the ‘NEET problem’: An ecological systems analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (5) ◽  
pp. 412-427
Author(s):  
Magdolna Lőrinc ◽  
Louise Ryan ◽  
Alessio D’Angelo ◽  
Neil Kaye
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
School Experiences ◽  
Ecological Systems ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Societal Costs ◽  
Job Opportunities ◽  
Education And Employment ◽  
Funding Cuts

Periods of being NEET (not in education, employment or training) can have long-term consequences for individuals’ future job opportunities, earnings, psycho-social well-being and health, all with high societal costs. Therefore, policy-makers across Europe seek interventions that successfully reduce NEET numbers. Drawing on a longitudinal qualitative study in London, this paper explores the processes and mechanisms that contribute to young people becoming NEET after leaving education. Through analysis of 53 young NEETs’ accounts of their school and transition experiences, we draw upon Bronfenbrenner’s ecological systems theory to explore the multitude of factors and structures of disadvantage that might have contributed to these young people’s marginalisation in education and employment. We discuss how unfulfilled support needs, a lack of career advice and socio-economic disadvantage can lead to educational disengagement, dropping out and, ultimately, becoming NEET. While many of these issues were presented as personal difficulties, in this article we reject the individualisation of the ‘NEET problem’. Instead, we argue that negative school experiences need to be understood in the context of structural conditions, including funding cuts in education and support services, transformations in the labour market and socio-economic deprivation.

Cognitive therapy in the treatment of obsessive—compulsive disorder

1999 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Veale
Keyword(s):  
Obsessive Compulsive Disorder ◽  
Depressed Mood ◽  
Response Prevention ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Exposure And Response Prevention ◽  
Behaviour Therapy ◽  
Obsessive Compulsive ◽  
Compulsive Disorder

Behaviour therapy, namely exposure and response prevention, has for many years been the treatment of choice for most patients with obsessive—compulsive disorder (OCD). However, at least 25% of patients with OCD refuse exposure and response prevention or drop-out early. Of those who do comply, about 75% make reasonable gains and maintain them in the long-term. This means that 50% of patients who are offered treatment by exposure and response prevention either refuse, drop-out or show little improvement. Many patients find exposure distressing and this is probably the main reason for dropping-out early. Treatment failures tend to be associated with a depressed mood, over-valued ideation, slowness, mental compulsions and severe degrees of avoidance.

Migration and Educational System in Romania

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 40-49 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marian Zaharia ◽  
Aniela Balacescu
Keyword(s):  
Educational System ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
The Other ◽  
Level Of Education ◽  
Net Migration ◽  
The Past ◽  
School Drop Out ◽  
The One

Over the past two decades, Romania has had an alarming increase in the number of people who have left Romania to work in other countries, with major implications for most areas of economic and social life. The disparities between the eight development regions have led, on the one hand, to the recording of totally different net migration values and, on the other hand, a deepening disparity between development regions. One of the major areas affected by the phenomenon of migration was and is education, with implications on the level of education of the younger generation. This article examines the existence of stable long-term links between school drop-out and net migration in Romania over the period 2000-2016.

Drop-out, stop-out or prolong? The effect of COVID-19 on students' choices

2021 ◽  
Vol ahead-of-print (ahead-of-print) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dasa Farcnik ◽  
Polona Domadenik Muren ◽  
Valentina Franca
Keyword(s):  
Labour Market ◽  
Causal Effect ◽  
Drop Out ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Field Of Study ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Educational Plans ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Primary Orientation

PurposeThe aim of the paper is to identify the causal effect of the COVID-19 induced crisis on students' decisions about their educational plans. The authors hypothesise that students adjusted their decisions by delaying graduation, dropping out or change the field of education because of increased uncertainty about future employment and monetary returns.Design/methodology/approachThe empirical approach is based on a survey done during the first wave of COVID-19 in Slovenia. The probability of dropping out, prolonging or stop-out is designed by applying probit and probit with insturmental variables empirical model.FindingsPrimary orientation towards work increases the probability of dropping out and financial constraints increase the probability of prolonging studies. The same holds after accounting for endogeneity. However, the authors do not find that poor job expectations due to COVID-19 affect students' decisions to prolong, drop-out or stop-out. The authors also find that the primary orientation toward work or study explains the differences in the probability of each outcome that is not influenced by enrolment in a particular field of study.Research limitations/implicationsThe results cannot be read as an objective prediction of the impact of the COVID-19 crisis on college failures. However, the study provides insight into how students' expectations change their intentions to prolong, drop-out, or stop-out during periods of high uncertainty. The extent, to which measured intentions are realised, however, is uncertain.Practical implicationsUnderstanding the response diversity and motives behind students' study decisions represents extremely valuable insights for economic policy. Mapped apprehensions, augmented by heterogeneity in personal and financial characteristics, are relevant for policymakers. In terms of future research, it would be interesting to analyse what changes occurred over a five-year period, specifically which field of study was most affected by students' adjusted plans due to the pandemic.Social implicationsStudents have always been a special group in the labour market. After the initial shock of closing activities, studying online and the drastic decrease in student work due to COVID-19, the decision was made in spring 2020 to continue on the chosen path or not. This paper provides insight into the changing decision students made about their educational plans.Originality/valueThis paper is one of the first to highlight the implications of COVID-19 for the adaptation of student plans in the transition from school-to work in Europe. It departs from the classical literature of college failures, as specific macroeconomic conditions influence students to reconsider their educational decisions. Moreover, the paper also contributes to the rapidly growing literature on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on household-level labour market outcomes, particularly with respect to job search and labour supply decisions in general.

scholarly journals The Reasons for National Athletes with Undergraduate Education to Leave Sports

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1683-1687
Author(s):  
Nuran Kandaz Gelen
Keyword(s):  
Undergraduate Students ◽  
Undergraduate Education ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Dropping Out ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Development Models ◽  
Content Analysis Method ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Intense Training

Background: There are studies in the literature scrutinising the reasons for dropping out of sports in terms of physiological, psychosocial, and surrounding factors. In addition to these, it is a fact that there are athletes who end their sports life immediately after beginning their undergraduate education. At this point, the reasons for students to leave sports during their undergraduate education remains a matter to be discovered. Aim: To this end, this study aims to reveal the factors that cause these persons to leave sports. Methods: This research was conducted through the qualitative research method, utilising the phenomenology design. The participants of the study were eleven former national athletes who left sports after beginning their undergraduate education. The participants were selected by criterion sampling method from purposive sampling methods. The data were obtained through face-to-face interviews composed of semi-structured questions. The data acquired were analyzed by the content analysis method. Results: Five main themes were composed in the study: training, social life, health, psychology, and school. It was observed that the participants failed to balance their school and sports life due to heavy and intense training, socialisation needs, unexpected injuries, nutritional problems, psychological fear of failure, and inability to achieve the success they desire. Conclusion: The study results revealed that the participants decided to leave sports not for a single reason, but as a result of a process during which multiple reasons accumulated. In this context, measures can be taken to facilitate their academic and sports life in order to prevent national athletes from leaving sports. These measures may include enabling them to continue to school where they do sports, providing them with distance education and exam opportunities, and enabling them to better integrate into campus life. In order to prevent early specialisation, long-term athlete development models may also be implemented. Keywords: National athlete, undergraduate students, dropping out of sports

scholarly journals Competitiveness factors in the innovative enterprises

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kamil Decyk
Keyword(s):  
Innovation Management ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Research Problem ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Strategic Plans ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Contingency Coefficient ◽  
Chi Square Test

The research problem was to determine the relationship between having an action plan related to innovations by innovative enterprises and the type and degree of these enterprises’ use of competitiveness factors. The objective of the research was to identify and assess competitiveness factors in innovative enterprises taking into consideration their strategic plans related to innovation management. For achieving this objective, the following research methods were used: analysis of national and foreign literature resources, survey measurement (observation technique), direct and indirect interview, research tool: questionnaire. The results were analyzed with statistical methods such as arithmetic mean, Mann-Whitney U test, Chi-square test (χ2), and measures of the association including Pearson's contingency coefficient and Cramér’s V coefficient were applied. The analysis of the results showed that the assessment of competitiveness factors such as innovativeness, quality, marketing and logistics activities differed with statistical significance depending on whether the firm had a long-term action plan related to innovations. The research also showed a relationship between competing using innovativeness and having an action plan related to innovations. However, this relationship was not statistically significant. As a result, the research hypothesis can be neither rejected nor confirmed. The conducted research proves that it is worth for innovative enterprises to develop long-term action plans related to innovations. Such enterprises boast a higher degree of utilization of competitiveness factors, which in effect may determine their strength and competitive position. It is also needed to mention that presented in the study results are only a part of the bigger one, concerning the level of innovative activity of innovative enterprises. At the same time, the research material presented in this article does not have a statistical character and cannot be the basis for the formulation of general conclusions. However, it may be the point of reference in in-depth research on these issues

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document