scholarly journals PELATIHAN PEMBUATAN SABUN HERBAL DAN GERAKAN CUCI TANGAN PAKAI SABUN DI SMA ORA ET LABORA TANGERANG SELATAN, BANTEN [TRAINING ON MAKING HERBAL SOAP AND WASHING HANDS WITH SOAP AT ORA ET LABORA HIGH SCHOOL, SOUTH TANGERANG, BANTEN]

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Dela Rosa ◽  
Jessica Novia ◽  
Ernestine Arianditha Pranasti ◽  
Benny Setiawan ◽  
Febbyasi Megawaty
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Good For ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

<p class="p0">This community service was held for students at Ora et Labora Senior High School in Tangerang, who needed education in using and making organic soap, especialy soap that does not pollute the environment and is also good for washing hands. This activity was completed by holding a training and doing an experiment to make soap using extracts of Nathopanax scultellarium and Piper betel leaves which contain secondary metaboliites compounds with anti-bacterial and antioxidant activities. The aim of this training was to introduce the students to soap ingridients and daily-life applications of medicinal natural products. The soap made is herbal soap with natural anti-bacterial and antioxidant properties. This herbal soap is also easily degradble by natural microbes, so it is safer for environment. The training to make soap can increase student's knowledge at Ora et Labora Senior High School about soap with extras of natural ingredients, the use of soal as an easy way to live a healthy life through the washing-hands-with-soap initiative, and the awarness about the importance of preserving the environment. </p><p class="p0"><strong>Bahasa Indonesia Abstrak: </strong></p><p>PkM ini dilaksanakan bagi siswa Sekolah Menengah Atas Ora et Labora yang memerlukan edukasi pemilihan/penggunaan dan pembuatan sabun yang ramah lingkungan untuk digunakan dalam kegiatan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS). Kegiatan dilakukan dalam bentuk pelatihan dan praktek membuat sabun menggunakan ekstrak daun mangkokan dan daun sirih yang banyak mengandung senyawa metabolit sekunder yang berkhasiat sebagai antibakteri and antioksidan. Dalam pelatihan ini, muridmurid dapat mengenal bahan-bahan pembuatan sabun serta mengenal penggunaan bahan alam berkhasiat obat dalam kehidupan sehari-hari. Sabun yang dibuat adalah sabun herbal yang berkhasiat antioksidan dan antimikroba alami. Sabun herbal ini juga mudah didegradasi oleh mikroba alami sehingga lebih aman bagi lingkungan. Pelatihan pembuatan sabun herbal dapat meningkatkan pemahaman siswa menengah atas Ora et Labora tentang sabun dari ekstrak bahan alam, penggunaannya melalui gerakan Cuci Tangan Pakai Sabun (CTPS) sebagai cara mudah hidup sehat, dan pentingnya menjaga kelestarian lingkungan.<br /><br /></p>

PENERAPAN METODE BERMAIN PERAN UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PEMBELAJARAN BAHASA INDONESIA ASPEK BERBICARA

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Musa Ismail
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Language Learning ◽  
Role Play ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
Literary Works ◽  
Communication Ability ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Indonesian language (IN) is one of the obligatory lessons in Senior High  School. The learning of Indonesian language is pointed to the  increasing ability of students. This aim  to increase students’ ability to communicate in Indonesian language well and properly. The communication ability is expected especially in oral and written. Besides, students are hoped to  be  able  to  appreciate  literary works. The objective of this research is to identify and to describe the implementation of role play method in the efforts to increase the activity of Indonesian language  learning  in speaking aspects and to identify and to get  the description whether  the implementation of the method can increase process and result speaking aspect of Indonesian language learning of students class XI IPS 1, Semester 1, SMAN 3 Bengkalis. The method used was classroom action method and the subject was class XII IPS 1, semester 1, SMAN 3 Bengkalis. The collection of data and information were carried out by observation, journal and document study. The result of the research showed that (1) The implementation of of  role play method can increase  the activities of  speaking aspects  in   Indonesian  language learning. On the  1st cycle1, 1st meeting, the percentage of students’ activities was 73% with the good category (3,6), while on the second meeting, it was 82% with the very good category (3,7). On the first meeting of the second cycle, the percentage of students’ activities became 83% with the very good category (4,3), while on the second meeting was 96% with the  very good category (5,0), (2) The implementation of role play method is able to increase the result of speaking aspect in learning Indonesian language. On the first cycle, the students’ reserved effort was 73% while on the second cycle was 77%. Meanwhile, based on attachment 3, the classical completeness on cycle 1 reached 86%, on cycle 2,  it  increased 96%. Based on the result  of  the  research,  the  researcher proposed that it would be better for the Indonesian language  teachers to implement role play method for the materials  that  are  suitable  with . speaking aspects. The reason is that this method is proved to be able to increase the process and result of students  learning. When implementing  this method,  teachers are hoped to give guidance, motivation, and explanation that more focused so that students can learn optimally.Abstrak  Bahasa Indonesia (BI) merupakan salah satu mata pelajaran wajib di SMA. Pembelajaran BI diarahkan  untuk  meningkatkan  kemampuan  peserta  didik.  Hal  ini  bertujuan  untuk meningkatkan  kemampuan  siswa  berkomunikasi  dalam  BI  dengan  baik  dan  benar. Kemampuan  berkomunikasi  yang  diharapkan  terutama  secara  lisan maupun  tulisan.  Selain itu,  siswa  diharapkan  juga  sanggup mengapresiasi  hasil  karya  sastra.  Tujuan  penelitian  ini adalah untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan bagaimana penerapan metode bermain peran dalam upaya meningkatkan aktivitas pembelajaran BI aspek berbicara dan untuk mengetahui dan mendeskripsikan  apakah  penerapan metode  bermain  peran  dapat meningkatkan  proses dan  hasil  pembelajaran  BI  aspek  berbicara  siswa  kelas  XI  IPS  1,  Semester  1,  SMAN  3 Bengkalis. Metode  penelitian  ini  adalah  penelitian  tindakan  kelas  dengan  subjek  penelitian siswa  kelas  XII  IPS  1,  semester  1,  SMAN  3  Bengkalis.  Pengumpulan  data  dan  informasi dilakukan melalui observasi/pengamatan,  jurnal, dan telaah dokumen. Hasil penelitian, yaitu  (1)  Penerapan  metode  bermain  peran  dapat  meningkatkan  aktivitas  pembelajaran  Bahasa Indonesia aspek berbicara pada  siswa kelas XI  IPS  1, Semester  1, SMAN  3 Bengkalis T.P. 2013/2014.  Pada  siklus  1  pertemuan  1,  persentase  aktivitas  belajar  siswa  adalah  73  persen dengan kategori  baik  (3,6),  sedangkan pertemuan  2  sebesar 82 persen dengan kategori  baik (3,7). Pada siklus 2 pertemuan 1, persentase aktivitas belajar siswa menjadi 83 persen dengan kategori sangat baik (4,3), sedangkan pertemuan 2 sebesar 96 persen dengan kategori sangat baik  (5,0);  (2)  Penerapan  metode  bermain  peran  dapat  meningkatkan  hasil  pembelajaran Bahasa Indonesia aspek berbicara siswa kelas XI IPS 1, Semester 1, SMAN 3 Bengkalis T.P 2013/2014. Pada siklus 1, daya serap siswa sebesar 73 persen, sedangkan siklus 2 sebesar 77 persen. Sementara itu, berdasarkan Lampiran 3, ketuntasan klasikal pada  siklus  1 mencapai 86  persen,  sedangkan pada siklus 2 meningkat  menjadi  96  persen. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, peneliti menyarankan agar guru mata pelajaran, khususnya Bahasa Indonesia sebaiknya menerapkan metode bermain  peran untuk materi yang sesuai dengan aspek berbicara. Alasannya, metode ini terbukti mampu meningkatkan aktivitas dan hasil belajar siswa. Ketika menerapkan metode bermain peran untuk aspek  berbicara, guru dituntut memberikan bimbingan, motivasi, dan penjelasan yang  lebih  terfokus agar siswa dapat melaksanakan pembelajaran dengan maksimal.

KEMAMPUAN GURU BAHASA INDONESIA DALAM MENYELESAIKAN SOAL UKBI DI PEKANBARU

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 147
Author(s):  
Elvina Syahrir
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Elementary School ◽  
Language Proficiency ◽  
Junior High School ◽  
Proficiency Test ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Language Teachers ◽  
National Examination ◽  
Language Proficiency Test ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This study was motivated by the low score of the students‘ Indonesian language in national examination that were certainly correlated with the Indonesian language teachers‘ competences. The Indonesian language techers‘ competences can be observed in doing the Indonesian language proficiency test. This study was aimed to determine the Indonesian language teachers‘ capabilities indoing UKBI and to describe about it. The data obtained describe that the Indonesian language teachers of Senior High School (SMA) have the highest scores, then the Indonesian language teachers of Junior High School (SMP), and the last ones were the teachers of elementary school (SD). Moreover, among the Indonesian language techers‘ capabilities of SMA, SMP, and SD in doing UKBI have not shown the significant differences.AbstrakPenelitian ini dilatarbelakangi oleh rendahnya nilai Ujian Nasional (UN) bahasa Indonesia siswa yang tentunya berkorelasi dengan kompetensi guru bahasa Indonesianya. Kompetensi guru bahasa Indonesia dapat terlihat dari Uji Kemahiran Berbahasa Indonesia (UKBI). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kemampuan guru bahasa dan sastra Indonesia di Pekanbaru dalam menyelesaikan soal UKBI dan untuk mendeskripsikan kemampuan guru dalam menyelesaikan soal UKBI. Dari penganalisisan data diperoleh temuan bahwa nilai rerata UKBI guru SMA memperoleh skor paling tinggi, nilai rerata UKBI guru SMP memperoleh skor sedang, sedangkan nilai rerata UKBI guru SD memperoleh skor paling rendah. Akan tetapi, kemampuan guru bahasa dan sastra Indonesia dari ketiga tingkatan sekolah tersebut (SMA, SMP, SD) dalam menyelesaikan soal UKBI tidak menunjukkan perbedaan yang berarti (tidak signifikan) pada taraf kepercayaan 5 %, hal ini terlihat dari nilai Fhitung lebih kecil dari Ftabel (Fhitung = 0,11 < Ftabel = 4,35)

Divergent Principles of Politeness in Verbal and Non-Verbal Directive Speech Act

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Lindayana ◽  
Arifuddin ◽  
Halus Mandala
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Speech Act ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Directive Speech ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

This study was conducted aiming at examining: (1) the divergent principles of politeness in students’ directive speech act (2) factors affecting politeness and impoliteness in verbal and non-verbal directive speech act produced by students at grade X in Senior High School 1 Mataram in the learning process. The subject of this study are teachers teaching Bahasa Indonesia, English, Economy, History, Math, Religion, Civic, and Science, and all students at Grade X of Science 1, Science 3 and Social 2 in Senior High School 1 Mataram. This study is a descriptive qualitative research. The data source in this study is the number of utterances produced by students and teachers in the learning process. The data were collected through observation. This study revealed that: (1) there were divergent principles of politeness in participants’ directive speech act namely single and multiple divergent principles of politeness affected by speaker intentionally accused addressees, intentionally uttered by neglecting the context, was protective to other arguments, showed emotional feeling, given critiques in impolite words and mocked at other; and (2) there were factors affecting politeness and impoliteness in verbal and non-verbal directive speech act produced by students in learning process namely linguistic factor and non-linguistic factor.

scholarly journals PENGEMBANGAN MODUL PRAKTIKUM BIOLOGI YANG MEMANFAATKAN BAHAN ALAM SEBAGAI SUMBER BELAJAR BAGI SISWA DI SEKOLAH MENENGAH ATAS (SMA)

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (02) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Rengkuan Rengkuan ◽  
Dian H O Howan
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Laboratory Work ◽  
Science Class ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Learning Resource ◽  
Biology Laboratory ◽  
Expert Validation

The aim of this research is to generate biology laboratory work module which utilize natural products as learning resource for students in senior high school. This module developed using Borg and Gall model which has been adapted with the needs and aims of this research, therefore, it gained four major stages that will be passed. These stages namely: needs analysys and literature study, matter development (based on needs), expert validation and field test (experimental class). On expert validation limited to matter expert validator whilst for field test, it was decided on students from XII science class as experimental class. The result of this research shown that laboratory module that utilized natural products can be used as learning resource for students in senior high school.

scholarly journals Actuators, IoT and IP Address as Training in Actuators, IoT and IP Address for Senior High School Teachers and StudentsBasic Industrial Instrumentation

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-24
Author(s):  
Waluyo Waluyo ◽  
Andre Widura ◽  
Dwi Aryanta ◽  
Arsyad Ramadhan Darlis ◽  
Nana Subarna ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
High School Students ◽  
High School Teachers ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Smart Grids ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Third Mission ◽  
School Students ◽  
Ip Address ◽  
Senior High School Students

The third mission of a university is a community service. Based on this mission, this paper presents the activity of community service. The activity was training for senior high school students and teachers. The subjects of the training are actuators, IoT, and IP address. These components or subsystems are very important basic industrial instrumentation for further automation. These subsystems are very correlated with each other. Some actuators are electric, hydraulic, and pneumatic types. There are many applications of IoT and IP addresses, such as smart grids and communications.

scholarly journals PELATIHAN PENULISAN BUKU AJAR BAGI GURU PKn SMA SE KOTA SEMARANG

2011 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 94
Author(s):  
Titik Haryati ◽  
Rosalina Ginting ◽  
Suwarno Widodo ◽  
Kiki Aryaningrum ◽  
Bambang Kumoro
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Community Service ◽  
Learning Process ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Teaching Learning ◽  
The Way

Abstract There are still a few handouts created by the teachers. In fact, teachers feel lazy to make a handout to succeed their teaching and learning process, especially civic teachers who are still low in understanding how to make and design their own handout. A handout is an instrument that teachers supposed to writing it. By writing a handout, teacher can explore his material based on the problems faced in the class. That is way; the Team thought that we need to give them something to train them in writing their own teaching handout. This community service was given to civic teachers of senior high school who has the important role in tranfering knowledge about civic subject. This activity had some sessions, there were; lecturing, discussion, questions answer and feedback. It hopes that by understanding the way in designing a teaching handout, they will be encouraged to make their own handout to support their teaching learning process in the classroom. ?é?á Key words : a teaching handout, a civic subject ?é?á

The Accuracy of Complex-Procedures Texts Material in Bahasa Indonesia Textbook for the First Grade of Senior High School

2021 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 91
Author(s):  
Laili Etika Rahmawati ◽  
Putri Octaviani ◽  
Hari Kusmanto ◽  
Yakub Nasucha ◽  
Miftakhul Huda
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
First Grade ◽  
School Curriculum ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Learning Goals ◽  
Learning Material ◽  
Learning Materials ◽  
National Education ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

It is obvious that the textbooks play a key role in enhancing the quality of teaching and learning. The good quality textbooks must meet the criteria or standard as a textbook. This paper aims to describe the accuracy of materials provided in the Bahasa Indonesia textbook for the first grade of Senior High School curriculum of 2013. This study adopted the content analysis method to analyze the data. The findings deriving from this study reveal that the accuracy of learning material provided in Bahasa Indonesia textbook for the first grade of Senior High School (Sekolah Menengah Atas) curriculum of 2013 published by Erlangga has adequately met the standard requirements of Board of National Education Standards (Badan Standar Nasional Pendidikan, BSNP) for the accuracy of learning material of a textbook. However, this study found some weaknesses in the textbook as follows: (1) The textbook has not provided a ‘Competency Map’ containing principles used by students to achieve their learning goals and understand the learning materials provided in each chapter in order that the materials delivered can be well-structured. (2) The examples provided in the textbook are less relevant to the characteristics of diverse backgrounds and social statuses; contain the issues of ethnicity, religion, race, intergroup relations; and do not suit the needs.   Keywords: Curriculum of 2013, The accuracy of learning materials, Textbooks.

scholarly journals ALIRAN LINGUISTIK DALAM KURIKULUM BAHASA INDONESIA SEKOLAH MENENGAH TINGKAT ATAS

Pujangga ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 24
Author(s):  
Kasno Atmo Sukarto
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
School Level ◽  
Language Function ◽  
High School Level ◽  
Twelfth Grade ◽  
Qualitative Methodologies ◽  
Traditional Grammar ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

<p align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p><strong>                </strong>Penelitian yang berjudul Aliran Linguistik  dalam kurikulum Bahasa Indonesia Sekolah Menengah Tingkat  Atas ini bertujuan untuk memaparkan penerapan aliran linguistik dalam pengajaran Bahasa  Indonesia di Sekolah Menengah Tingkat Atas kelas X, XI, dan XII. Acuan teoretis yang digunakan adalah  kategori  konstruksi bahasa mengacu pada konsep Jacobs <em>et al.,</em> fungsi bahasa mengacu pada pandangan Holmes, pengajaran bahasa Indonesia, dan kurikulum berdasarkan  Pusat kurikulum. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan  metode deskriptif  kualitatif,  yakni  mendeskripsikan  dan memberikan gambaran  secara deskripsi  yang komprehensif tentang penggunaan  aliran-aliran  linguistikdi dalam kurikulum yang dipakai. Analisis data mencakup  kosakata dan penerapannya, bentuk-bentuk, dan penyajian ketatabahasaan. Hasil analisis menunjukkan bahwa dalam  kurikulum bahasa Indonesia  menerapkan alioran tata bahasa tradisional yang dilengkapi aliran-aliran tata bahasa yang lain demi keutuhan buku pelajaran Bahasa Indonesia untuk tingkat Sekolah Lanjutan Tingkat Atas.</p><p><strong>Kata kunci: kategori konstruksi bahasa, pengajaran kosakata, struktur, kurukulum </strong></p><p><strong>   </strong></p><p align="center"><strong><em>ABSTRACT</em></strong><strong><em></em></strong></p><p><em>The research is entitled linguistic stream of Bahasa Indonesia curriculum for High School Level. The purpose of the research is to explain the application of linguistic stream in teaching of Bahasa Indonesia for students at tenth, eleventh, and twelfth grade in Senior High School. There are theories are used in this research. First,  theory refers to Jacobs et al’s concept about language construction category.  Second, language function that refers to Holmes’ perspective, and third is Indonesian language teaching and its curriculum are based on Curriculum Centre. The reserach uses descriptive and qualitative methodologies that it will be described descriptively and comprehensively. Data analysis covers vocabulary and its application, forms, and grammatical presentation. The result of analysis showed that the cohesion of Bahasa Indonesia textbook for Senior High School can be obtained by applying a stream of traditional grammar which is equipped with another grammatical stream.  </em></p><strong><em>Key words: a language construction category,  a vocabulary teaching, structure, curriculum</em></strong>

scholarly journals HUMOR DAN PESAN MORAL TEKS ANEKDOT PADA BUKU AJAR BAHASA INDONESIA KELAS X SMA KURIKULUM 2013 (HUMOR AND MORAL MESSAGE OF ANECDOTAL TEXTS IN INDONESIAN LANGUAGE TEACHING MATERIALS FOR THE TENTH GRADE OF 2013 CURRICULUM SENIOR HIGH SCHOOL)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 245
Author(s):  
Sri Wahyuni
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Language Teaching ◽  
Senior High School ◽  
Teaching Materials ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
Bahasa Indonesia

Humor dan Pesan Moral Teks Anekdot pada Buku Ajar Bahasa Indonesia Kelas X SMA Kurikulum2013. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan wujud humor dan pesan moral yang terdapatdalam teks anekdot pada buku ajar bahasa Indonesia kelas X SMA K13. Pendekatan dalam penelitianini menggunakan pendekatan pragmatis dan pendekatan moral. Untuk mengungkapkan humor padateks anekdot tersebut penulis menggunakan teknik analisis wacana berdasarkan teori konflik, teorikeganjilan, teori tak diharapkan/salah paham, dan teori konfigurasi. Data penelitian ini adalah teksanekdot, maka penulis menggunakan metode analisis isi. Berdasarkan hasil pembahasan wujud humoryang terdapat dalam teks anekdot tersebut, yaitu humor kritik, humor meringankan beban pesan, danhumor semata-mata pesan. Pesan moral yang terdapat dalam teks tersebut, yaitu jangan takut kehilangan246jabatan, selalu ada cara dan solusi dalam segala hal, jadilah orang jujur dan tidak korupsi; hasil bumikita tidak perlu diekspor harus hati-hati melaporkan suatu kejadian; lihatlah apa isi yang disampaikanseseorang; jangan melakukan penyuapan; jangan selalu menganggap orang lain salah, manfaatkankekayaaan dengan baik; jadilah orang yang teguh pendirian dan jangan tergoda hawa nafsu; janganasal menuduh seseorang tanpa ada bukti; berilah pertolongan kepada orang yang mengalami musibahatau kesulitan; memperlakukan orang tua dengan baik; jangan membedakan status sosial; akan adajalan keluar sebuah masalah; hati-hati dengan wujud penyuapan yang berupa kemewahan.Kata-kata kunci: humor, pesan moral, teks anekdot

scholarly journals Comparison of the Antioxidant Activity of Malaysian Ginger (Zingiber officinale Roscoe) Extracts with that of Selected Natural Products and its Effect on the Viability of Myoblast Cells in Culture

2021 ◽  
Vol 50 (5) ◽  
pp. 1445-1456
Author(s):  
Nur Fatin Nabilah Mohd Sahardi ◽  
Faizul Jaafar ◽  
Siti Nor Asyikin Zakaria ◽  
Jen Kit Tan ◽  
Mariam Firdhaus Mad Nordin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Natural Products ◽  
Moringa Oleifera ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Butylated Hydroxytoluene ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Ficus Deltoidea

Ginger has been proven to possess various therapeutic effects, including antibacterial, anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antioxidant effects. However, data on the comparison of ginger antioxidant activity with that of other natural products are still lacking. This study aimed to analyse and compare the antioxidant properties of two types of Malaysian ginger extracts (GE1 and GE2) with that of selected natural products. The antioxidant activities were measured by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl-hydrate (DPPH) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays, while cell viability was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-5-(3-carboxymethoxyphenyl)-2-(4-sulfonyl)-2H-tetrazolium (MTS) assay. The order of the DPPH scavenging activities was as follows: vitamin C > palm tocotrienol-rich fraction (TRF) > á-tocopherol > N-acetylcysteine (NAC) > Ficus deltoidea > butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT) > Centella asiatica > GE2 > GE1 > Moringa oleifera > Kelulut honey; the order of the mean FRAP value was as follows: NAC > á-tocopherol > BHT > TRF > Ficus deltoidea > Moringa oleifera > GE2 = GE1 > Centella asiatica > Kelulut honey. The viability assays showed that both ginger extracts significantly increased the percentage of viable cells (p < 0.05). In conclusion, neither of the ginger extracts was cytotoxic toward cells and both possessed comparable antioxidant properties, indicating their potential for ameliorating oxidative stress.

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