Current neological processes in the contemporary Russian language (on materials of sociolinguistic Internet-projects)

Neophilology ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 62-71
Author(s):  
Uluia A. Melnik
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Political Orientation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Language System ◽  
Language Activation ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
A Current

We analyze Russian projects “Word of the Year”, “Dictionary of Changes”, “Dictionary of the Year” (2014–2017), which show what lexical units are in the focus for their importance and relevance for society members. We analyze words as a current part of the thematic group for present moment that reflects dominant ideas of the meaning of a year. We pay attention to the fact that many words have a social and political orientation. We identify the subjective principle of formation of projects’ lists and study neological processes marking changes in the contemporary Russian language vocabulary. We classify represented lexical material according to the nature of neological processes, the way of a word entering the language considering the possibility of its further consolidation the language. Mentioned grouping of lexis enable to identify that the following processes are current for contemporary Russian language: activation of certain lexical-thematic groups with extralinguistic factors, a transformation of lexical semantics and co-occurrence, replenishment of vocabulary due to active processes of modern word creation and borrowing, creative usage of language system possibilities. The most frequent language methods used for verbalization of current phenomena, events, facts of objective reality such as the method of paromynic attraction, the method of blending, verb word formation, suffixation, semantic reinterpretation are considered.

scholarly journals ACTIVE PROCESSES IN USUAL AFFIXATION WORD FORMATION OF THE CONTEMPORARY RUSSIAN LANGUAGE

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatyana A. Lukankina ◽  
Tatyana Yu Shchuklina ◽  
Leyla A. Mardieva ◽  
Heike Wapenhans
Keyword(s):  
Mass Media ◽  
Language Development ◽  
Human Activity ◽  
News Media ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Present Stage ◽  
Adaptive Function ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
The Russian Language

The article is devoted to the study of usual affixation word formation as one of the most important operating mechanisms in the Russian derivation system. The goal of the research is to reveal active processes and main trends in usual affixation word formation of the contemporary Russian language.W. Humboldt’s work, where the language is considered not only as a product of human activity, but as the activity itself, as well as E.A. Zemskaya's ideas concerning active and creative nature of the Russian word formation as a subsystem of the general language system.The usual affixation word formation is an actively and dynamically developing aspect of the derivation system existing in the contemporary Russian language. News media language actively uses the resources inherent in the system and the norms of the Russian language: neologisms in newspaper texts are primarily generated through the usual derivation models. It has been revealed that the most productive affixation means of the usual innovations generation comprise the following: suffixation, prefixation, zero-suffixation and affixation-like word formation, wherein the most popular one is suffixation. At the present stage of the Russian language development we witness an increase in adaptive function of word formation types. Joining native Russian affixes to the borrowed stems appears to be one the most productive patterns in the contemporary usual affixation word building, where suffixation is the most demanding one. The research results obtained can contribute to the development of the lexical derivatology, lexical semantics, neology, and language stylistics problems. The promising character of elaborating the declared subject is conditioned by the language processes in mass media activation, which will probably require further study of neologization aspects in mass media texts in the nearest future, making possible to explore the functional and pragmatic potential in word formation resources of the contemporary Russian language.

scholarly journals Dynamic Processes in the Russian Language of the Coronavirus Era

2021 ◽  
pp. 33-39
Author(s):  
Elena I. Golovanova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Dynamic Processes ◽  
Literary Language ◽  
New Words ◽  
Loan Words ◽  
Current Events ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
Working Distance ◽  
The Russian Language

This article considers the active processes occurring in the Russian language during the coronavirus pandemic. Specific changes in the vocabulary are described, new phenomena in lexical semantics in various spheres of communication are identified. Primary attention is given to the changes in the active vocabulary of the literary language, the sources of new words, and the assimilation of foreign borrowings that are highly relevant for communication in this period. According to the author, the most important processes taking place in the Russian language include intellectualization of the common literary language, i.e. the introduction of highly specialized terms of medicine, virology, and immunotherapy (saturation, contagiousness, antibodies, etc.); activation of a number of words due to the current events (regime, quarantine, vaccine, etc.) and expansion of their collocations; active derivational processes in the course of assimilation of loan words (covid, coronavirus, pandemic, etc.) and adaptation of existing words to the new reality (remote working, distance learning, etc.); actualization of individual lexical and grammatical categories of words (substantivized adjectives and nouns ending in -tion); dynamic processes in lexical semantics (semantic neologisms, enantiosemy); formation of multicomponent synonym sets and variants of nomination (covid, coronavirus, new coronavirus infection, etc.); widespread use of figurative names (red zone, peak in morbidity, immune response, viral load, second wave, etc.). Concrete examples show that the new reality has expanded the range of social practices, whose language reflects the values and pragmatic attitudes characteristic of the current moment.

scholarly journals Review of the textbook by L.S. Kryuchkova “Word Formation. Form, semantics, function, teaching methods”, 2019, 216 p.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
pp. 23-26
Author(s):  
Elena Yu. Nikolenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Teaching Methods ◽  
Foreign Students ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Text Book ◽  
New Words ◽  
Language System ◽  
Russian Word ◽  
The Russian Language

The review analyzes the textbook by L.S. Kryuchkova “Word formation. Form, semantics, function, teaching methods”. Russian word-formation language system is rich and diverse, it has creative opportunities, due to which the vocabulary of the Russian language is updated and replenished with new words. This becomes especially important in working with foreign students. The methodology of working with word-forming material described in the text-book is especially valuable.

scholarly journals Active Processes of Word Formation in the Speech of Modern Vloggers (Based on Russian-Language Embroidery Vlogs on YouTube)

2021 ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
Anna Balakay ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Role ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
New Words ◽  
Speech Characteristics ◽  
Youtube Videos ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
Video Blogging ◽  
Colloquial Speech

Blogging is an integral part of modern Internet communication. It allows us to push the boundaries of time and space, making it possible for people around the world to interact online: find like-minded individuals, learn, communicate, get up-to-date information, etc. The most popular video format of such interaction today is video blogging. Video bloggers (vloggers) often find themselves in the position of a leader: their lifestyle and speech characteristics become a model for the channel’s subscribers; people listen to vloggers and try to copy them. Since each social role corresponds to a certain type of speech behaviour and a set of language tools, it can be assumed that the speech of vloggers also has some specific features. This paper is an integral part of a multidimensional study of the speech of modern vloggers from the embroidery community on YouTube and considers the active processes of word formation in their speech. The material included Russian-language YouTube videos dedicated to embroidery posted from 2016 to 2020. The research showed that the appearance of derived words in the colloquial speech of embroiderers is not accidental. Words are derived quite often and borrowed by vloggers from each other. They perform various functions, the main being nominative and emotionalevaluative. The creative component of embroiderers’ activity is reflected in their speech: the process of forming new words is characterized by imagery, metaphoricalness, and abundance of diminutives with positive connotations.

scholarly journals “Coronavirus” Innovations in Media Language and Internet Communication

2022 ◽  
pp. 141-152
Author(s):  
Vladislav Zamaldinov ◽  
Daiki Horiguchi
Keyword(s):  
Semantic Analysis ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
Continuous Sampling ◽  
General Scientific ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
Derivatives Of ◽  
Modern Russian

The article examines the structural features of neologisms associated with coronavirus pandemic based on the texts of mass media and Internet communication. The paper uses such research methods as the continuous sampling method, the general scientific descriptive and analytical method, the methods of word-formation, structural and semantic analysis of neologisms. The authors analyzed the nominal derivatives of conventional (addition, prefix, suffixation, affixation) and occasional (inter-word overlap, graphic hybridization, substitution derivation) methods of word formation in media texts. The key elements of the sociocultural space (virus, quarantine, coronavirus, masks, etc.) that evoke negative associations in the addressee are identified. Having found and analysed nominations with the corona component, the researchers proved that this element tends to demonstrate the features of prefixoid. Neologisms with corona component are critical phenomena, negative changes in the economy, tourism, politics; they denote the living conditions that have developed during the coronavirus infection, etc. It is shown that the vocabulary of the modern Russian language is actively replenished with verbal neologisms, which areused to add expressiveness to media text; they correlate with actual phenomena of public life. The authors conclude that "coronavirus" neologisms participate in creating the expressiveness of the text, reflect reality, and allow journalists to deliver their own opinion. The results of the conducted research contribute to word-formation neology, media linguistics, can be useful to students of philological specialties, lecturers and tutors, as well as to anyone interested in active processes, which occur in the modern Russian language.

scholarly journals Suffixal Adjectives and Adjectival Participles in the Slang of Lithuanian Language

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (45) ◽  
pp. 35-47
Author(s):  
Robertas Kudirka
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Language System ◽  
Adjectival Passive

The article analyses 199 suffixal hybrid adjectives and 34 adjectival participles from the Lithuanian slang and non-standard dictionary. The study reveals that borrows with affixal adaptation are adapted to the language system and the adaptive features are determined by regularities: hybrids replicate word formation models from the Standard Lithuanian language. It was found that the most common suffix of affixal adaptation of borrowings from English is suffix -inis. Distribution of hybrids with suffix -iškas is different: there are almost twice less English originated hybrid adjectives with this suffix than originated from Russian language. Adjectival passive participants are most commonly used in the Lithuanian slang.

scholarly journals Active Processes in the Vocabulary and Word Formation of the Russian Language in the Era of Coronavirus: Linguo-Cognitive Aspect

2021 ◽  
pp. 63-79
Author(s):  
T. B. Radbil ◽  
L. V. Ratsiburskaya ◽  
I. V. Paloshi
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Internet Communication ◽  
Text Data ◽  
New Words ◽  
Russian Speakers ◽  
Active Processes ◽  
New Phenomena ◽  
The Russian Language

Semantic, lexical and derivational features of the emergence and spread of new phenomena in the speech practice of Russian speakers of the latest period associated with the COVID-19 pandemic are investigated. A linguo-cognitive interpretation of active processes in Russian vocabulary and Russian word formation of the era of coronavirus as formats of knowledge about the changed reality and the new conditions of communication associated with these changes is given. The methods of linguo-cognitive description of the “language of culture” and the method of analyzing active processes at different levels of the language system and methods of its speech implementation are used. The research materials are a dynamic and actively developing Russian-language segment of Internet communication and text data of the Russian National Corpus. Special attention is paid to three groups of new phenomena in the vocabulary of the Russian language associated with the mental and cultural development of the “coronavirus” conceptual space by native speakers: lexical-semantic, lexical and lexical-word-formation innovations. It is shown that active processes of the semantic type find their expression in the phenomena of “new polysemy” and “new homonymy”, as well as non-usual semantic narrowing. It is concluded that new words and expressions not only capture the emergence of new realities of life with coronavirus, but also contribute to the understanding of the changed social reality.

Lexical Semantics of Russian Verbs and Their Function of Action Fixation Using Perfect Forms

2019 ◽  
Vol 80 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87
Author(s):  
Sergei A. Karpukhin
Keyword(s):  
Lexical Semantics ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Lexical Semantic ◽  
Objective Time ◽  
Verb Forms ◽  
The Russian Language

This article describes the connection between perfect verb forms and the typical lexical meanings of generating imperfectives using the example of a prefix model in the Russian language. The research is based on a fundamentally new approach, i.e. the means of “fixing” action in the objective time. The relevance of combining the action and the situational background to the lexical-semantic groups of verbs is established. In the course of the research, the materials of the Bolshoi Akademichescky Slovar (Big Academic Dictionary) were used.

TO THE QUESTION ABOUT SPECIAL TYPE OF OCCASIONAL WORDS IN RUSSIAN

2019 ◽  
pp. 305-307
Author(s):  
N.N. Zaitseva
Keyword(s):  
Word Formation ◽  
Formation Mechanisms ◽  
Basic Part ◽  
New Words ◽  
Language System ◽  
Informal Conversation ◽  
Mobile Part

The lexical level is the most mobile part of the language system. This mobility is in many respects caused by word-formation mechanisms. In live informal conversation the process of occurrence of new words is continuous and active. The basic part of new words is created according to productive models. The share of occasional ways in word-formation is less. However, it grows, as the occasional way in itself is more expressive and more emphatic. In the work we will pay attention to the words created by means of one of the ways of occasional word-formation.

II. Your Present Moment in Spacetime

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (06) ◽  
pp. 0626
Author(s):  
Conrad Dale Johnson
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Physics ◽  
Distributed Processing ◽  
Processing System ◽  
Physical World ◽  
Measuring Instruments ◽  
Present Moment ◽  
Local Measurement ◽  
Hyperbolic Structure ◽  
Objective Reality ◽  
Block Universe

This essay extends the argument begun in "Why Quantum Mechanics Makes Sense," exploring the conditions under which a physical world can define and communicate information. I argue that like the structure of quantum physics, the principles of Special and General Relativity can be understood as reflecting the requirements of a universe in which things are observable and measurable. I interpret the peculiar hyperbolic structure of spacetime not as the static, four-dimensional geometry of an unobservable "block universe", but as the background metric of an evolving web of communicated information that we, along with all our measuring instruments and recording devices, actually experience in our local "here and now." Our relativistic universe is conceived as a parallel distributed processing system, in which a common objective reality is constantly being woven out of many kinds of facts determined separately in countless local measurement-contexts.

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