scholarly journals Prevalence and etiology of dental trauma in schoolchildren aged 6 to 12 years

2018 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Ana de Lourdes Sá de Lira ◽  
Luís Paulo da Silva Dias ◽  
Cassius Wander Coelho Martins ◽  
Tito Cacau Sousa Santos
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Dental Trauma ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Central Incisor ◽  
Need For Treatment ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pulp Exposure

Aim: To investigate the prevalence and etiological factors of dental trauma in school-age children aged 6 to 12 years. Methods: A study was developed in children and adolescents between the ages of 6 and 12 of both genders enrolled in 3 municipal public schools. An oral examination of the permanent or deciduous incisors was performed, if they were still present in the oral cavity, to evaluate the presence of dental trauma, need for treatment and sequels, and the method of examination and classification of dental trauma of O'Brien. Results: The prevalence of dental trauma was 4.03% (n=29). The most verified traumas were enamel crack / enamel fracture and enamel / dentin fracture without pulp exposure. It was observed that the most affected teeth were the permanent upper central incisors and the age at which trauma was most observed was 11 years, the main etiological factor was fall from a height, in 65.3% of schoolchildren (n=19). Conclusion: The prevalence of dental trauma was 4.03%, with no statistically significant difference between genders. The permanent right upper central incisor was the most affected, occurring predominantly at home and at school. The dissemination of information about dental trauma and emergency protocols to parents and teachers need to be encouraged.

scholarly journals Dietary Habits and Nutritional Knowledge among Primary School Children in Fayoum Governorate

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 95
Author(s):  
Rabab Gad Abd El-Kader ◽  
Hanem Awad Mekhamier ◽  
Azza El-Sayed Ali Hegazy
Keyword(s):  
Primary School ◽  
School Children ◽  
Dietary Habits ◽  
Primary School Children ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Study Group ◽  
School Age ◽  
Nutritional Knowledge ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Fayoum Governorate

Background and aim: Improving the eating habits of children is essential to reduce the future burden of non-communicable illnesses. Nutritional diseases affect higher than 30% of school age children. This study aimed to assess the dietary habits and nutritional knowledge among primary school age children in Fayoum Governorate, Egypt.Study design: A cross-sectional descriptive design was utilized. Setting: The study was implemented in three governmental mixed primary schools in EL-Fayoum city; Egypt, that were selected randomly. Sample: Cluster random sample techniques used for selecting of the study group consisted of 300 students aged from 10-12 years for both sexes attending grade five and six. Tools: three tools of data collection consisted of: 1- self-administered questionnaire comprised socio-demographic data of the students and parents, and students’ knowledge about nutrition, 2- the students’ dietary habits as consumption of the breakfast, drinking water, 3- Health assessment sheet to assess the students’ nutritional status including weight, height, BMI, and appearance.The study findings revealed that 69.3% of the study group were underweight, 36.3% were stunted, and 6.7%, 3.3% were overweight and obese respectively. About 45% had fair knowledge while 34% had good knowledge about the nutrition. More than half of the students had unhealthy dietary behavior and appearance. There was a statistically significant difference (P: 0<0.00) between the academic performance of the school children and their HAZ while there was no statistically significant difference between the academic performance of the students and their WAZ (P: 0.264).Conclusions: underweight is highly prevalent among the primary school students followed by stunting. Most of the students had unhealthy dietary habits and unhealthy appearance while around half of them had fair knowledge about nutrition. The current study recommended developing a nutritional health program for primary school children about the proper nutrition.

THE EFFECTS OF VARIOUS HEEL SLOPES ON LUMBOSACRAL BIOMECHANICAL ANGLES IN STUDENTS WITH HYPER LORDOSIS

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-217
Author(s):  
Hamidreza Saiediborojeni ◽  
Hamideh Mashalchi ◽  
Somayeh Mahdavikian ◽  
Masoud Fallahi ◽  
Soheil Saiediborojeni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lumbar Lordosis ◽  
Female Students ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Sacral Slope ◽  
School Age ◽  
Spinal Disorders ◽  
Parametric Test ◽  
Physical Mobility ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Quasi Experimental

Posture disorders in school-age children are highly frequent. Poor movement and lack of physical mobility are the main causes of physical weaknesses. Thus, corrective exercises with the aim of solving these problems are significant. The aim of this study was an evaluation of the effects of various heel slopes on lumbosacral biomechanical angles in students with hyperlordosis. In this quasi-experimental study, 15 female students who were di- agnosed with hyperlordosis, participated in this study. They were divided into 3 groups (n=5) and performed corrective exercises on +3.7°, 0°, and -3.7° slopes for 8 weeks, 3 times a week. The changes in the lumbar lordosis angle (LLA), sacral based angle (SBA), and lumbosacral angle (LSA) were determined. Data were analyzed by SPSS 18 software using non-parametric test followed by the Krus- cal-wallis test. P<0.05 was considered significant. The results indicated no significant difference regarding the changes in LLA, SBA, and LSA in students with hyperlordosis (p>0.05) de- spite the decrease in the means of the angles in all groups. The results showed that by increasing the heel slope, the lumbo - sacral slope decreases also the lumbosacral angle decreases by decreasing the heel slope, this may indicate an association between these angles.The findings can help parents choose more appropriate shoes for their children to both prevent the incidence of posture dis- orders during childhood and spinal disorders in adulthood.

scholarly journals Nutrition Intakes and Nutritional Status of School Age Children in Ghana

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Justina Serwaah Owusu ◽  
Esi Komeley Colecraft ◽  
Richmond NO Aryeetey ◽  
Joan Anne Vaccaro ◽  
Fatma G. Huffman
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Private School ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Government School ◽  
Logistic Regression Models ◽  
School Feeding ◽  
The Government

This paper compares nutrition intakes and nutritional status of school children from two public schools in neighbouring communities of Ghana with different school feeding programmes. One hundred and eighty-two caregiver and school-age child pairs were interviewed concerning socio-demographics, dietary practices, and food security in a cross-sectional design. The independent t-test was used to compare the contribution of the publicly funded Ghana School Feeding Programme and private School Feeding Programme meals to total daily nutrient intakes of the children. Predictors of nutritional status of the children were assessed using logistic regression models. The private school feeding programme contributed more energy, protein, and micronutrients as compared to the government school feeding programme. About two-thirds (67.0%) of the children were stunted, underweight, or anaemic. Child’s age was a significant predictor of stunting. Undernutrition was prevalent among children from both programmes. Improved quality of diet from the feeding programmes may contribute to addressing malnutrition in these children.

scholarly journals Influence of Therapeutic Play on the anxiety of hospitalized school-age children: Clinical trial

2017 ◽  
Vol 70 (6) ◽  
pp. 1244-1249 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sabrina Gisele Tobias da Silva ◽  
Maiara Aurichio Santos ◽  
Claudia Maria de Freitas Floriano ◽  
Elaine Buchhorn Cintra Damião ◽  
Fernanda Vieira de Campos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Age ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Number Of Children ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Therapeutic Play ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT Objective: To evaluate the effects of Dramatic Therapeutic Play (DTP) technique on the degree of anxiety in hospitalized school-age children. Method: Randomized clinical trial performed in two hospitals ofSão Paulo, between May and October 2015. The intervention consisted of the application of DTP and the outcome was evaluated through the Child Drawing: Hospital (CD: H) instrument. The Wilcoxon-Mann Whitney, Corrected t, Fisher’s exact and Chi-square tests were used in the analysis. Statistical significance was set at 5%. Results: In all, 28 children participated in the study. The majority of children (75%) had a low anxiety score, with a mean CD: H score of 73.9 and 69.4 in the intervention and control groups respectively, and with no significant difference. Conclusion: Children submitted to DTP had the same degree of anxiety as those in the control group. However, it is suggested that new studies be performed with a larger number of children in different hospitalization scenarios.

Reception Thresholds for Sentences in Quiet, Continuous Noise, and Interrupted Noise in School-Age Children

2008 ◽  
Vol 19 (02) ◽  
pp. 135-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Andrew Stuart
Keyword(s):  
Temporal Resolution ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Signal To Noise ◽  
Processing Efficiency ◽  
Sentence Recognition ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Continuous Noise ◽  
Release From Masking ◽  
Effect Of Age

Sentence recognition in noise was employed to investigate the development of temporal resolution in school-age children. Eighty children aged 6 to 15 years and 16 young adults participated. Reception thresholds for sentences (RTSs) were determined in quiet and in backgrounds of competing continuous and interrupted noise. In the noise conditions, RTSs were determined with a fixed noise level. RTSs were higher in quiet for six- to seven-year-old children (p = .006). Performance was better in the interrupted noise evidenced by lower RTS signal-to-noise ratios (S/Ns) relative to continuous noise (p < .0001). An effect of age was found in noise (p < .0001) where RTS S/Ns decreased with increasing age. Specifically, children under 14 years performed worse than adults. "Release from masking" was computed by subtracting RTS S/Ns in interrupted noise from continuous noise for each participant. There was no significant difference in RTS S/N difference scores as a function of age (p = .057). Children were more adversely affected by noise and needed greater S/Ns in order to perform as well as adults. Since there was no effect of age on the amount of release from masking, one can suggest that school-age children have inherently poorer processing efficiency rather than temporal resolution. Se utilizó el reconocimiento de frases en ruido para investigar el desarrollo de la resolución temporal en niños de edad escolar. Dieciocho niños con edades entre 6 y 15 años y 16 adultos jóvenes participaron. Los umbrales de recepción de frases (RTS) se determinaron en silencio y ante ruidos de fondo de competencia, continuos o interrumpidos. En condiciones de ruido, los RTS se determinaron contra un nivel fijo de ruido. Los RTS fueron más alto en silencio para los niños de seis a siete años de edad (p = .006). El desempeño fue mejor en medio de ruido interrumpido, con una tasa señal/ruido (S/N) menor para RTS, en relación al ruido continuo (p < .0001). Un efecto de la edad se encontró en medio de ruido (p < .0001) donde la S/N para RTS disminuyó conforma aumentó la edad. Específicamente, los niños menores de 14 años de edad funcionaron peor que los adultos. Se computó "liberación del enmascaramiento" sustrayendo las S/N para RTS en ruido interrumpido, de las de ruido continuo para cada participante. No existieron diferencias significativas en los puntajes de diferencia de las S/N para RTS como función de la edad (p = .057). Los niños se vieron más adversamente afectados por el ruido y necesitaron de mayores S/N para rendir tan bien como los adultos. Dado que no existió un efecto de la edad en la cantidad de liberación del enmascaramiento, uno puede sugerir que los niños de edad escolar tienen una eficiencia de procesamiento inherentemente más pobre que su resolución temporal.

scholarly journals Adherence to a snacking dietary pattern and soda intake are related to the development of adiposity: a prospective study in school-age children

2013 ◽  
Vol 17 (7) ◽  
pp. 1507-1513 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monal R Shroff ◽  
Wei Perng ◽  
Ana Baylin ◽  
Mercedes Mora-Plazas ◽  
Constanza Marin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Schools ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Dietary Pattern ◽  
Multivariable Analysis ◽  
Skinfold Thickness ◽  
Thickness Ratio ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Food Items

AbstractObjectiveSnacking has been related to increased prevalence of overweight among school-age children in cross-sectional studies. It is uncertain, however, whether snacking influences the development of adiposity over time.DesignWe examined whether adherence to a snacking dietary pattern was associated with greater increases in children's BMI, subscapular:triceps skinfold thickness ratio and waist circumference over a median 2·5-year follow-up. Dietary patterns were identified through principal component analysis of an FFQ administered at recruitment in 2006. Anthropometric follow-up was conducted annually. Linear mixed-effects models were used to estimate rates of change in each indicator according to quartiles of adherence to the snacking pattern. We also examined change in BMI, subscapular:triceps skinfold thickness ratio and waist circumference in relation to intake of the food items in the snacking pattern.SubjectsChildren (n 961) 5–12 years of age.SettingPublic schools in Bogotá, Colombia.ResultsAfter adjustment for age, sex, total energy intake and socio-economic status, children in the highest quartile of adherence to the snacking pattern had a 0·09 kg/m2 per year higher BMI gain than children in the lowest quartile (P trend = 0·05). A similar association was observed for mean change in subscapular:triceps skinfold thickness ratio (highest v. lowest quartile difference = 0·012/year; P = 0·03). Of the food items in the snacking pattern, soda intake was positively and significantly associated with change in BMI (P trend = 0·01) and waist circumference (P trend = 0·04) in multivariable analysis.ConclusionsOur results indicate that snacking and soda intake are associated with development of adiposity in school-age children.

scholarly journals Using Syllabic Speech Technique to Decline Stuttering Severity in Persian-speaking School-age Children With Stuttering

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peyman Zamani ◽  
Neda Tahmasebi ◽  
Mohammad Soroush Mehdifard ◽  
Saeed Hesam
Keyword(s):  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Single Group ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Preliminary Study ◽  
T1 And T2 ◽  
Verbal Encouragement

Introduction: Studies have shown that Syllable Speech Technique (SST) can be a useful  and practical way to achieve stutter-free speech for Children With Stuttering (CWS). In this preliminary study, the use of SST in Persian-speaking school-age CWS was investigated. Materials and Methods: Ten 8- to 11-year-old students with stuttering were entered in the single-group pretest-posttest study as participants. Their speech fluency has been enhanced using SST accompanied by verbal encouragement for stutter-free speech. The percentage of stuttered syllables, stuttering severity, and communication attitude as outcome measures were evaluated in three time points: before the intervention (T0), after the intervention (T1), and one month after the intervention (T2). Results: The children showed significantly better scores on all outcome measures at T1 (P≤0.004) and T2 (P≤0.005) compared with T0. There was no significant difference between T1 and T2 (P≥0.026). Conclusion: The reported benefits of SST in stuttering reduction and speech-related anxiety- relieving of Persian-speaking school-age CWS confirms the feasibility and usefulness of this technique.

scholarly journals Risk Factors Associated with Gastrointestinal Helminthic Infections among School Aged Children in Kurmi Local Government Area, Taraba State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Vera Yafeh Akwa ◽  
Waetsi Nya Yusufu ◽  
Victor Ugochukwu Obisike ◽  
Amina Ojochide Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Hand Washing ◽  
High Rate ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
Base Line ◽  
School Age ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Helminthic Infections ◽  
Significant Difference

One of the parasitic infection faced by school age children in developing countries is intestinal parasitic infection. This study was designed to determine risk factors associated with gastrointestinal helminthic infections among school age children. A total of 600 stool samples were randomly examined by direct smear method under microscope and formol-ether concentration technique. A structured questionnaire was used to collect data on socio-noneconomic status of the children’s parents and other variables. Of this, (n=252; 42%) were found to be infected with gastrointestinal helminths infections given a breakdown of male (n=148; 24.7%) and female (n=104; 17.3%). However, there was no significant difference in prevalence among the socio-economic status. Parent whose occupation was farmer (n=169; 28%) also recorded high rate of infection, the lowest prevalence was seen among civil servants (n=19; 3%). Parents with little or no knowledge of intestinal helminths were found to be statistically significant (n=199; 33.1%, p<0.02; α =0.02) The  highest  rate of infection was recorded among children who had dirty finger nails (n=232; 38.6%), followed by those who walked barefooted(28.2%),then open defecation (n=147; 24.6%),  hand washing after defecation (n=195; 30,7%,), habit of eating raw/roasted meat (n=136; 22.3%), hand washing before meal (n=102; 17.02%) and keeping of dirty clothes and bed linens (n=180; 30%) . Such a relatively high prevalence rate of helminthic infection in the study area could be used as a base line for the concern bodies to launch de-worming intervention campaigns.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Strelinikova Breathing Exercise on Respiratory Signs and Parameters among School Children with Lower Respiratory Tract Infection

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (SPL4) ◽  
pp. 153-157
Author(s):  
Muthulakshmi C ◽  
Kalpana Devi V
Keyword(s):  
Tract Infection ◽  
Respiratory Tract ◽  
Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract Infection ◽  
Lower Respiratory Tract ◽  
Peak Flow ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Breathing Exercise ◽  
Significant Difference

Respiratory problems are significant gathering of ailment influencing kids particularly in India and are the significant reasons for youth horribleness and mortality. Specifically, obstructive aviation route illnesses ascend in youngsters because of natural contamination and different causes. In this way, evaluation of aspiratory work test in such kids is significant. Henceforth the current investigation focused on to evaluate the adequacy of strelinikova breathing activity on respiratory signs and boundaries among younger students with respiratory parcel infection. The research configuration utilized was semi exploratory pre-test post-test plan. Purposive examining strategy was utilized to choose the 60 sample. The demographic data was collected by using the structured questionnaire and the oxygen level was measured by using the Pulse Oximeter. The peak flow rate was measured by using the Peak Flow Meter. The findings of the study revealed that there was significant difference in the measurement of oxygen saturation and respiratory rate between the experimental and control group which infers that Strelinikova Breathing Exercise on respiratory signs and parameters administered to the school age children with lower respiratory tract infection in the experimental group was found to be effective in maintaining the respiratory parameters among school age children and the current findings suggests that more extensive studies can be done at different settings and also as comparative studies.

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