scholarly journals Toxicity of 32.2 kDa MW Escherichia coli Pili Adhesin Isolated from Infertile Male Semen in Reproductive System

2018 ◽  
Vol 54 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Sukarjati Sukarjati ◽  
Susie Amilah ◽  
Sudjarwo Sudjarwo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Reproductive System ◽  
Assay Method ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Infertile Male ◽  
Infection Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Immunization Group ◽  
And Control

Escherichia coli (E. coli) is the leading cause of male genital tract infection with no symptoms of infertility. Protein E. coli pili hemagglutinin isolated from infertile male sperm with 32.2 kDa MW acts as adhesion in spermatozoa. This study aimed to prove whether E. coli pili adhesin 32.2 kDa MW is toxic to male reproductive system. Samples consisted of spermatozoa of 30 guinea pigs divided into three groups: control, immunized with E. coli pili adhesin 32.2 kDa MW protein, and transurethral infected E. coli. Observations of sperm motility, vitality and morphology were performed under a microscope. MDA levels and sperm DNA damage were measured by a spectrophotometer and comet assay method and observed using a fluorescent microscope. There was no difference between control and immunization group of E. coli pili adhesin in motility (p=0.499), vitality (p=0.817) and morphology (p=0.176); between control and transuretral infection groups in motility (p=0.000), vitality (p=0.000) and morphology (p=0.000); and between control and both treatment groups in motility (p=0.001), vitality (p=0,000) and morphology (p=0.000). Histologic analysis showed E. coli pili adhesin of 32.2 kDa MW immunization group did not suffer from testicular tissue damage, while the positive group showed a deterioration of seminiferous tubular cells. MDA levels differed between immunization group E. coli pili, transurethral infection group, and control (p=0.024) and between transurethral and control (p=0.007) groups. However, between control and immunized group with E. coli pili protein showed no difference (p=0.251). DNA damage differed (p=0.000) between immunized group with E. coli pili, transurethral infection and control group; between control and transurethral infected group (p=0.000); and between transurethral infection group and E. coli pili protein immunization group (p=0.000). However, between control and E. coli pili immunization group showed no difference (p=0.600). In conclusion, E. coli pili adhesin 32.2 kDa MW protein is not toxic for sperm quality and the quality of sperm molecules.

scholarly journals Reduction of Escherichia coli O157:H7 Populations in Cattle by Addition of Colicin E7-Producing E. coli to Feed

2004 ◽  
Vol 70 (10) ◽  
pp. 6053-6060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerry P. Schamberger ◽  
Ronald L. Phillips ◽  
Jennifer L. Jacobs ◽  
Francisco Diez-Gonzalez
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Tissue Samples ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Colicin E7 ◽  
Maximum Decrease ◽  
And Control

ABSTRACT A cattle trial using artificially inoculated calves was conducted to determine the effect of the addition of colicinogenic Escherichia coli strains capable of producing colicin E7 (a 61-kDa DNase) to feed on the fecal shedding of serotype O157:H7. The experiment was divided into three periods. In period 1, which lasted 24 days, six calves were used as controls, and eight calves received 107 CFU of E. coli (a mixture of eight colicinogenic E. coli strains) per g of feed. Both groups were orally inoculated with nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli O157:H7 strains 7 days after the treatment started. In periods 2 and 3, the treatment and control groups were switched, and the colicinogenic E. coli dose was increased 10-fold. During period 3, which lasted as long as period 1, both groups were reinoculated with E. coli O157:H7. The numbers of E. coli O157:H7 were consistently greater in the control groups during the three periods, but comparisons within each time period determined a statistically significant (P < 0.05) difference only at day 21 of period 1. However, when the daily average counts were compared between the period 1 control group and the period 3 treatment group that included the same six animals, an overall reduction of 1.1 log10 CFU/g was observed, with a maximum decrease of 1.8 log10 CFU/g at day 21 (overall statistical significance, P = 0.001). Serotype O157:H7 was detected in 44% of the treatment group's intestinal tissue samples and in 64% of those from the control group (P < 0.04). These results indicated that the daily addition of 108 CFU of colicin E7-producing E. coli per gram of feed could reduce the fecal shedding of serotype O157:H7.

Comparative Effect of Direct-Fed Microbials on Fecal Shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in Naturally Infected Feedlot Cattle

2008 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 539-544 ◽  
Author(s):  
EBOT S. TABE ◽  
JAMES OLOYA ◽  
DAWN K. DOETKOTT ◽  
MARC L. BAUER ◽  
PENELOPE S. GIBBS ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Comparative Effect ◽  
Laboratory Methods ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Feedlot Steers ◽  
And Control

The effect of direct-fed microbials (DFM) on fecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and Salmonella in naturally infected feedlot cattle was evaluated in a clinical trial involving 138 feedlot steers. Following standard laboratory methods, fecal samples collected from steers were evaluated for change in the detectable levels of E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella shed in feces after DFM treatment. Sampling of steers was carried out every 3 weeks for 84 days. A significant reduction (32%) in fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 (P &lt; 0.001), but not Salmonella (P = 0.24), was observed among the treatment steers compared with the control group during finishing. The probability of recovery of E. coli O157:H7 from the feces of treated and control steers was 34.0 and 66.0%, respectively. Steers placed on DFM supplement were almost three times less likely to shed E. coli O157:H7 (odds ratio, 0.36; 95% confidence interval, 0.25 to 0.53; P &lt; 0.001) in their feces as opposed to their control counterparts. The probability of recovery of Salmonella from the feces of the control (14.0%) and the treated (11.3%) steers was similar. However, the DFM significantly reduced probability of new infections with Salmonella among DFM-treated cattle compared with controls (nontreated ones). It appears that DFM as applied in our study are capable of significantly reducing fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 in naturally infected cattle but not Salmonella. The factors responsible for the observed difference in the effects of DFM on E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella warrants further investigation.

scholarly journals Phenotypic and Genotypic Characterization of Escherichia coli Causing Urinary Tract Infections in Kidney-Transplanted Patients

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (7) ◽  
pp. 988 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jonas Abo Basha ◽  
Matthias Kiel ◽  
Dennis Görlich ◽  
Katharina Schütte-Nütgen ◽  
Anika Witten ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Graft Function ◽  
Clinical History ◽  
Control Group ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Immunocompromised Status ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
And Control

Urinary tract infection (UTI), frequently caused by uropathogenic Escherichia coli (UPEC), is the most common infection after kidney transplantation (KTx). Untreated, it can lead to urosepsis and impairment of the graft function. We questioned whether the UPEC isolated from KTx patients differed from the UPEC of non-KTx patients. Therefore, we determined the genome sequences of 182 UPEC isolates from KTx and control patients in a large German university clinic and pheno- and genotypically compared these two isolated groups. Resistance to the β-lactams, trimethoprim or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole was significantly higher among UPEC from KTx than from control patients, whereas both the isolated groups were highly susceptible to fosfomycin. Accordingly, the gene content conferring resistance to β-lactams or trimethoprim, but also to aminoglycosides, was significantly higher in KTx than in control UPEC isolates. E. coli isolates from KTx patients more frequently presented with uncommon UPEC phylogroups expressing higher numbers of plasmid replicons, but interestingly, less UPEC virulence-associated genes than the control group. We conclude that there is no defining subset of virulence traits for UPEC from KTx patients. The clinical history and immunocompromised status of KTx patients enables E. coli strains with low uropathogenic potential, but with increased antibiotic resistance to cause UTIs.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Alternative Methods for Toothbrush Disinfection: AnIn VitroStudy

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ilkay Peker ◽  
Gulcin Akca ◽  
Cigdem Sarikir ◽  
Meryem Toraman Alkurt ◽  
Irem Celik
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Lactobacillus Rhamnosus ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mouth Rinse ◽  
E Coli ◽  
And Control ◽  
White Vinegar

Objective.This study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of alternative methods for toothbrush disinfection.Methods.Two-hundred eighty toothbrushes were included in the study. The toothbrushes were divided into 7 groups and were contaminated by standardized suspensions ofLactobacillus rhamnosus (L. rhamnosus), Streptococcus mutans (S. mutans), Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus),andEscherichia coli (E. coli). The following disinfectants were tested: 1% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), 100% and 50% white vinegar, microwave (MW) oven, ultraviolet (UV) sanitizer, and mouth rinse-containing propolis (MCP). Data were analyzed with Kruskal Wallis and Dunn’s tests.Results.Statistically significant differences were found between different methods and control group for all tested bacteria. There were statistically significant differences between all test groups for all microorganisms. MW was the most effective forL. rhamnosusand 100% white vinegar was the most effective method forS. mutansandS. aureus. NaOCl was the most effective forE. coli.Conclusion.This study showed that 100% white vinegar was considered to be effective for tested microorganisms. Similarly, 1% NaOCl is cost-effective, easily accessible, and comparatively effective for toothbrush disinfection. Because these agents are nontoxic, cost-effective and easily accessible, they may be appropriate for household use.

scholarly journals Mucosa-Associated Escherichia coli in Colorectal Cancer Patients and Control Subjects: Variations in the Prevalence and Attributing Features

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Roghayeh Nouri ◽  
Alka Hasani ◽  
Kourosh Masnadi Shirazi ◽  
Mohammad Reza Alivand ◽  
Bita Sepehri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Colorectal Cancer ◽  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Microtiter Plate ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Microtiter Plate Assay ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Pcr Method ◽  
Colorectal Cancer Patients ◽  
And Control ◽  
Encoding Genes

Accumulating evidence indicates that specific strains of mucosa-associated Escherichia coli (E. coli) can influence the development of colorectal carcinoma. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence and characterization of mucosa-associated E. coli obtained from the colorectal cancer (CRC) patients and control group. At two referral university-affiliated hospitals in northwest Iran, 100 patients, 50 with CRC and 50 without, were studied over the course of a year. Fresh biopsy specimens were used to identify mucosa-associated E. coli isolates after dithiothreitol mucolysis. To classify the E. coli strains, ten colonies per sample were typed using enterobacterial repetitive intergenic consensus-based PCR (ERIC-PCR). The strains were classified into phylogroups using the quadruplex PCR method. The PCR method was used to examine for the presence of cyclomodulin, bfp, stx1, stx2, and eae-encoding genes. The strains were tested for biofilm formation using the microtiter plate assay. CRC patients had more mucosa-associated E. coli than the control group ( p < 0.05 ). Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (EPEC) was also found in 23% of CRC strains and 7.1% of control strains ( p < 0.05 ). Phylogroup A was predominant in control group specimens, while E. coli isolates from CRC patients belonged most frequently to phylogroups D and B2. Furthermore, the frequency of cyclomodulin-encoding genes in the CRC patients was significantly higher than the control group. Around 36.9% of E. coli strains from CRC samples were able to form biofilms, compared to 16.6% E. coli strains from the control group ( p < 0.05 ). Noticeably, cyclomodulin-positive strains were more likely to form biofilm in comparison to cyclomodulin-negative strains ( p < 0.05 ). In conclusion, mucosa-associated E. coli especially cyclomodulin-positive isolates from B2 and D phylogroups possessing biofilm-producing capacity colonize the gut mucosa of CRC patients.

scholarly journals High prevalence of qnrA and qnrB genes among fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli isolates from a tertiary hospital in Southern Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chibuzor M. Nsofor ◽  
Mirabeau Y. Tattfeng ◽  
Chijioke A. Nsofor
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Susceptibility Testing ◽  
Tertiary Hospital ◽  
Vaginal Swab ◽  
Fluoroquinolone Resistance ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Diffusion Technique ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Polymerase Chain ◽  
And Control

Abstract Background This study was aimed to determine the prevalence of qnr genes among fluoroquinolone-resistant Escherichia coli (FREC) isolates from Nigeria. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed by disc diffusion technique. Polymerase chain reaction was used to identify Escherichia coli (E. coli) and for the detection of qnr genes. Results A total of 206 non-duplicate E. coli were isolated from 300 clinical specimens analyzed. In all, 30 (14.6%) of these isolates were FREC; the resistance to fluoroquinolones among these 30 FREC showed 80% (24), 86.7% (26), 86.7% (26), 100% (30), 86.7% (26), 93.3% (28) and 86.7% (26) were resistant to pefloxacin, ciprofloxacin, sparfloxacin, levofloxacin, nalidixic acid, ofloxacin and moxifloxacin, respectively. The distribution of FREC among the various sample sources analyzed showed that 14%, 10%, 13.3%, 16.7% and 20% of the isolates came from urine, stool, high vaginal swab, endo cervical swab and wound swab specimens, respectively. More FREC were isolated from female samples 73.3% (22) compared to male samples 26.7% (8) and were more prevalent among the age group 26–35 years (40%). Twenty eight out of the 30 (93.3%) FREC isolates possessed at least one fluoroquinolone resistance gene in the form of qnrA 10 (33.3%) and qnrB 18 (60%), respectively; qnrS was not detected among the FREC isolates analyzed and 13.5% of the isolates possessed both the qnrA and qnrB genes. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these isolates were genetically diverse. Conclusions These findings suggest a possible resistance to fluoroquinolone is of high interest for better management of patients and control of antimicrobial resistance in Nigeria.

Bacteriophages reduce Escherichia coli O157:H7 levels in experimentally inoculated sheep

2009 ◽  
Vol 89 (2) ◽  
pp. 285-293 ◽  
Author(s):  
S J Bach ◽  
R P Johnson ◽  
K. Stanford ◽  
T A McAllister
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Oral Administration ◽  
Coliform Bacteria ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
Fecal Shedding ◽  
Total Coliforms ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Oral Inoculation ◽  
Experimental Treatments ◽  
And Control

Bacteriophage biocontrol has potential as a means of mitigating the prevalence of Escherichia coli O157:H7 in ruminants. The efficacy of oral administration of bacteriophages for reducing fecal shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by sheep was evaluated using 20 Canadian Arcott rams (50.0 ± 3.0) housed in four rooms (n = 5) in a contained facility. The rams had ad libitum access to drinking water and a pelleted barley-based total mixed ration, delivered once daily. Experimental treatments consisted of administration of E. coli O157:H7 (O157), E. coli O157:H7+bacteriophages (O157+phage), bacteriophages (phage), and control (CON). Oral inoculation of the rams with 109 CFU of a mixture of four nalidixic acid-resistant strains of E. coli O157:H7 was performed on day 0. A mixture of 1010 PFU of bacteriophages P5, P8 and P11 was administered on days -2, -1, 0, 6 and 7. Fecal samples collected on 14 occasions over 21 d were analyzed for E. coli O157:H7, total E. coli, total coliforms and bacteriophages. Sheep in treatment O157+phage shed fewer (P < 0.05) E. coli O157:H7 than did sheep in treatment O157. Populations of total coliforms and total E. coli were similar (P < 0.05) among treatments, implying that bacteriophage lysis of non-target E. coli and coliform bacteria in the gastrointestinal tract did not occur. Bacteriophage numbers declined rapidly over 21 d, which likely reduced the chance of collision between bacteria and bacteriophage. Oral administration of bacteriophages reduced shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by sheep, but a delivery system that would protect bacteriophages during passage through the intestine may increase the effectiveness of this strategy as well as allow phage to be administered in the feed.Key words: Escherichia coli O157:H7, bacteriophage, sheep, environment, coliforms

Mutagenesis and More: umuDC and the Escherichia coli SOS Response

Genetics ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 148 (4) ◽  
pp. 1599-1610 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bradley T Smith ◽  
Graham C Walker
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Cellular Response ◽  
Sos Response ◽  
Posttranslational Regulation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sos Mutagenesis ◽  
Induced Mutagenesis ◽  
Mechanistic Basis ◽  
Increase Cell Survival

Abstract The cellular response to DNA damage that has been most extensively studied is the SOS response of Escherichia coli. Analyses of the SOS response have led to new insights into the transcriptional and posttranslational regulation of processes that increase cell survival after DNA damage as well as insights into DNA-damage-induced mutagenesis, i.e., SOS mutagenesis. SOS mutagenesis requires the recA and umuDC gene products and has as its mechanistic basis the alteration of DNA polymerase III such that it becomes capable of replicating DNA containing miscoding and noncoding lesions. Ongoing investigations of the mechanisms underlying SOS mutagenesis, as well as recent observations suggesting that the umuDC operon may have a role in the regulation of the E. coli cell cycle after DNA damage has occurred, are discussed.

scholarly journals Characterization of Escherichia coli DNA Lesions Generated within J774 Macrophages

2000 ◽  
Vol 182 (18) ◽  
pp. 5225-5230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eliana Schlosser-Silverman ◽  
Maya Elgrably-Weiss ◽  
Ilan Rosenshine ◽  
Ron Kohen ◽  
Shoshy Altuvia
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Dna Damage ◽  
Respiratory Burst ◽  
Defense Mechanism ◽  
Dna Lesions ◽  
Intracellular Bacteria ◽  
Bacterial Killing ◽  
Strand Breaks ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Dna Strand

ABSTRACT Macrophages are armed with multiple oxygen-dependent and -independent bactericidal properties. However, the respiratory burst, generating reactive oxygen species, is believed to be a major cause of bacterial killing. We exploited the susceptibility of Escherichia coli in macrophages to characterize the effects of the respiratory burst on intracellular bacteria. We show that E. coli strains recovered from J774 macrophages exhibit high rates of mutations. We report that the DNA damage generated inside macrophages includes DNA strand breaks and the modification 8-oxo-2′-deoxyguanosine, which are typical oxidative lesions. Interestingly, we found that under these conditions, early in the infection the majority of E. coli cells are viable but gene expression is inhibited. Our findings demonstrate that macrophages can cause severe DNA damage to intracellular bacteria. Our results also suggest that protection against the macrophage-induced DNA damage is an important component of the bacterial defense mechanism within macrophages.

scholarly journals Експериментальне зараження поросят вірусом епідемічної діареї свиней

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (77) ◽  
pp. 208-213
Author(s):  
D. Masiuk ◽  
A. Sosnitskiy ◽  
A. Kokarev ◽  
S. Koliada
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
Real Time System ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Neonatal Piglets ◽  
And Control ◽  
Experimental Group

There were infected neonatal piglets in the first days of their lives PED virus suspension derived from pigs previously PED patients. Diagnosis for PED in piglets donor virus PED was inserted complex method for clinical and epizootic performance and confirmed the identification PEDV by PCR-RT using the test system «EZ-RED/TGE/PDCoV MPX 1.0 Real time RT-PCR» company Tetracore (USA) Thermocyclers CFX 96 Real-Time System company BIO RAD (USA). Homogenate small intestine of pigs PEDV donor, prepared in a blender for PCR in a thick band of 18 animal carcasses, frozen at -18 °C without cryopreservation and kept 359 days. Before infecting pigs and strip defrost by RT-PCR identified the concentration of the virus genome equivalents (GE) without establishing viable virions quantitative pathogen. For Sample 20 selected analog neonatal piglets, divided them into 3 experimental groups (group 1 – 5 piglets, group 2 – 5 piglets and group 3 – 7 piglets) and one control (3 piglets). Research pigs infected per os virus-containing suspension with a concentration PEDV 1.03×106 GE/cm3. The dose for infection first group was 6 cm3 (6.18×106 GE/cm3), for the second – 5 cm3 (5,15 × 106 GE/cm3), for the third – 4 cm3 (4.12 GE×106/cm3) homogenate. The fourth group – control (not infected). All the pigs were in identical conditions that fully meet the physiological needs of the body. Of the 17 infected pigs only 2 was infected PEDV. PED was confirmed by laboratory methods. In bacteriological examination of internal organs of pigs that came out of a research experiment and control group were diagnosed colibacteriosis. In the control group was isolated from heart and intestinal non-pathogenic for white mice E. coli. From pigs 1 and 2 research groups has been allocated to white mice nonpathogenic E. coli, is set colibacteriosis; 2 experimental group found in one pig hemolytic E. coli; 3 experimental group from the internal organs of pigs in conjunction with non-pathogenic for mice intestinal former cane isolated Klesiella spp., is diagnosed with mixed infection (E. coli, Klesiella spp.). From the intestine of experimental and control pigs do not identified beneficial microflora – aerococcus, lactobacteria, bifidobacteria and cultured putrefactive anaerobic spore facultative and non spore microflora.

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