scholarly journals The Relationship between Family’s Assessment Support and MDR TB Patient’s Adherence on Treatment in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 75
Author(s):  
Safira Nur Ainiyah ◽  
Soedarsono Soedarsono ◽  
Pirlina Umiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Treatment Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Long Time ◽  
The Relationship

Introduction: Multi Drug-Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has been resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin. Its treatment needs long time and causes some side effects which can make the patients non-adherent so that family support is needed. This study aims to know the relationship between family’s assessment support and MDR TB patient’s adherence on treatment in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Methods: This was an analytic observational cross-sectional study, to know the frequency distribution of family’s assessment support, MDR TB patient’s adherence, and the relationship between them in 24 MDR TB patients, recruited from MDR TB Clinic, RSUD Dr. Soetomo, Surabaya, from October 2017 to June 2018 and their family. The analysis was descriptive statistic and inferential statistic using Fisher Exact Test. Results: The results of this study showed that 83.3% of MDR TB patients’ family give high assessment support and 58.3% of MDR TB patients in RSUD Dr. Soetomo from October 2017 to June 2018 have high adherence on treatment. There is significant (p = 0.020), moderate (c = 0.468), and direct relationship between family’s assessment support and MDR TB patient’s adherence on treatment in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Conclusion: To improve MDR TB patient’s adherence on treatment, family must give high assessment support.

scholarly journals Hubungan Peran Keluarga dan Kepatuhan Pasien TB MDR di RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Safira Nur Ainiyah ◽  
Soedarsono Soedarsono ◽  
Pirlina Umiastuti
Keyword(s):  
Drop Out ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Family Role ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis (MDR TB) is an infection disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis and has been resistant to isoniazid and rifampicin. Based on medical record of MDR TB Clinic RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya, there is an increase of drop out rate which indicates that MDR TB patient’s adherence is low althouh there are some policies to improve their adherence. Therefore family role is needed for increasing MDR TB patients’ adherence and decreaseing drop out rate.Objective: to know the relationship between family role and MDR TB patient’s adherence on treatment in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Method: This analytical study in cross sectional approach is held on October 2017-June 2018 in MDR TB Clinic of RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya and patients’ house. There are 24 patients and their family which are enrolled and interviewed in this study. Inferential statistic which was Fisher Exact Test used to find out and analyze the relationship between family role and MDR TB patient’s adherence on treatment in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya. Result: There is no difference frequencies of high and low family role. The MDR TB patients have high adherence. There is significant (p = 0,018) and moderate (c = 0,452) relationship of family role and MDR TB patients’ adherence on treatment in RSUD Dr. Soetomo Surabaya.Conclusion: To improve MDR TB patients’ adherence, family must have a significant role and give support. Health provider also should give education about importance of family role in MDR TB patients’ treatment.

scholarly journals Association of Socio-Demographic Profile with Prevalence of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis among Retreated Pulmonary Tuberculosis Patients in North India

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
A. Chaudhary ◽  
T. Mahmood ◽  
A.D. Shukla ◽  
A. Shreenivasa ◽  
Verma Arvind ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
North India ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Pulmonary Tb ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Education Status

Methods: An observational cross sectional study, which includes 116 patients of sputum smear positive pulmonary TB of age 18 or above. Further, detailed history taking regarding different demographic profile was done. Also, they were subjected to CB-NAAT and rifampicin resistant cases were considered as MDR-TB. Results: Proportion of MDR-TB was 31.89% among retreatment TB cases. 56.75 % (n=21) of MDR-TB cases were between the age group of 21-40 years. Proportion of MDR-TB was higher among males (75.67%), married (59.45%) and rural dwellers 59.45%. Proportion was 61.76% among patients with BMI <16; 31.57% with BMI 16-16.99, 28.57% with BMI 17-18.49 and 5.7% with BMI 18.50-24.99. MDRTB proportion was less 29.72% (n=11) in patients with history of TB contact in family. Pulmonary TB including MDR-TB was more common among illiterates (37.83% among MDR). Conclusion: Proportion of MDR-TB was high among retreatment cases in north India. Among them low BMI and education status are modifiable factor and this study signifies that MDR-TB burden can be reduced by improving health and education status of patient.

scholarly journals HUBUNGAN KEBIASAAN MEROKOK DENGAN KEJADIAN HIPERTENSI PADA LANSIA LAKI-LAKI DI DESA BEKKU KECAMATAN AWANGPONE KABUPATEN BONE

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 898-903
Author(s):  
Ruslang Ruslang ◽  
Nirmawati Darwis ◽  
Tetti Surianti ◽  
Riki Rusanda
Keyword(s):  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Smoking Habits ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Elderly Men ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Relationship

ABSTRACT The prevalence of hypertension increases in line with the lifestyle of elderly men that harm their own health, namely smoking which without them knowing it can cause hypertension. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking habits and the incidence of hypertension in elderly men in Bekku Village, Awangpone District, Bone Regency. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between smoking habits and the incidence of hypertension. This type of research is quantitative research with a Cross Sectional Study approach. Data were collected through a questionnaire given to each respondent. The analysis test used a computer program, namely SPSS 21 to assess the frequency statistical data and the Chi-Square test on the bivariate variable obtained the Fisher exact test value, on the smoking habit variable the value of = 0.01 < 0.05, so it can be stated that there is a relationship between Smoking Habits with Hypertension Incidence in Elderly Males in Bekku Village, Awangpone District, Bone Regency. The researcher's suggestion is for elderly men in Bekku Village to reduce their smoking habits so that their hypertension does not continue. Keywords : Hypertension, Smoking, Elderly Male ABSTRAK Prevalensi hipertensi meingkat sejalan dengan gaya hidup lanjut usia laki-laki yang merugikan kesehatan mereka sendiri yakni kebiasaan merokok yang tanpa mereka sadari dapat menyebabkan terjadinya hipertensi. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui Hubungan Kebiasaan Merokok Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Lanjut Usia Laki-Laki Di Desa Bekku Kecamatan Awangpone Kabupaten Bone. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui hubungan kebiasaan merokok dengan kejadian hipertensi. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu penelitian kuantitatif dengan pendekatan Cross Sectional Study. Data dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang diberikan kepada masing-masing responden. Uji analisis menggunakan program komputer yaitu SPSS 21 untuk menilai data statistik frekuensi dan uji Chi-Square pada pada variabel bivariat diperoleh nilai fisher exact test, pada variabel kebiasaan merokok diperoleh nilai ρ=0,01< α=0,05, sehingga dapat dinyatakan ada hubungan antara Kebiasaan Merokok Dengan Kejadian Hipertensi Pada Lanjut Usia Laki-Laki Di Desa Bekku Kecamatan Awangpone Kabupaten Bone. Adapun saran peniliti yaitu bagi para lanjut usia laki-laki di desa bekku agar kebiasaan merokoknya dikurangi agar penyakit hipertensi yang dideritanya tidak terus berlanjut. Kata Kunci : Hipertensi, Merokok, Lanjut Usia Laki- Laki

scholarly journals Evidence for the Continued Occurrence of Chorioretinopathy in Working Sheep Dogs in New Zealand in 2010

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 2229
Author(s):  
Adam B. O’Connell ◽  
A. Craig Irving ◽  
Paul L. Hughes ◽  
Naomi Cogger ◽  
Boyd R. Jones ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
South West ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Relationship

A study in conducted 1987 by Hughes et al., found that 39% of working sheep dogs had multifocal retinitis. One of the identified causes was ocular larval migrans, which were a result of migrating ascarid larvae. Since that paper was published, anthelmintic use in farm dogs has been highly recommended. There has been no follow-up study to determine if fundic lesions are still present. The current study aimed to investigate the prevalence of chorioretinopathy in working sheep dogs in the South-West, Waikato, New Zealand. This was a cross-sectional study of 184 working sheep dogs and 51 owners, undertaken in 2010 with owners sampled from New Zealand’s South-West Waikato and Tux North Island Dog Trial Championship. Two-way tables were used to explore the relationship between variables. Significance of association was assessed using a Chi-squared or Fisher exact test as appropriate, with a p-value of <0.05 considered significant. Overall prevalence of chorioretinopathy in the working sheep dogs was 44/184 (24%). A significantly higher prevalence of chorioretinopathy was shown in dogs with increasing age, from 2 years to >8 years (p = 0.0007) and in males (p < 0.0001). This study concluded that lesions of chorioretinopathy are still present in working sheep dogs in New Zealand.

scholarly journals NUTRITIONAL STATUS OF INFANTS BASED ON FREQUENCY AND DIETARY DIVERSITY OF COMPLEMENTARY FEEDING

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 160
Author(s):  
Estin Puspaningrum ◽  
Sri Umijati ◽  
Sri Utami ◽  
Dominicus Husada
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Complementary Feeding ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Feeding Pattern ◽  
P Value ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractBackground: In 2017, the prevalence of malnutrition in Indonesia was ranked 4­th among Southeast Asia countries. The nonoptimal complementary feeding is one of the reasons. The nonoptimal complementary feeding is associated with the prevalence of underweight and stunting in the children at the age 6-23 months. Complementary feeding pattern include frequency and dietary diversity. This study aims to investigate the relationship between complementary feeding pattern and nutritional status of infants at the age 7-12 months in the Kedungwaru Health Center, Tulungagung. Methods: This study used observational analytic and cross-sectional study design. The sample consisted of 71 mothers of the infants which were taken by total sampling. The variables of this study were complementary feeding pattern and nutritional status. This study also used a questionnaire and observation sheet. The Fisher Exact Test was used to analyse the data. Result: The results showed 88.7% of the infants have good nutritional status. There are 49.3% appropriate complementary feeding and 69% which applied various types of complementary feeding. The frequency of complementary feeding with the nutritional status of infants obtained p value 0.478 and the dietary diversity of complementary feeding with nutritional status obtained p value 0.102. Conclusions: There were no significant relation between the complementary feeding pattern and the nutritional status (weight-for-age) in infants at the age 7-12 months. Further research about other variables is needed. 

scholarly journals RESISTENSI Mycobacterium Tuberculosis TERHADAP OBAT ANTI TUBERKULOSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 58
Author(s):  
A. Nikmawati ◽  
Windarwati Windarwati ◽  
Hardjoeno Hardjoeno
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Standard Treatment ◽  
Positive Culture ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Ratio Method ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb ◽  
Lowenstein Jensen

Patients infected with resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain will be very difficult to cure by standard treatment. To evaluatethe drug resistance of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. A Cross sectional study was performed from January until July 2005. Samples wereobtained from sputum of the suspect tuberculosis. All samples were cultured in Lowenstein-Jensen Media and followed by sensitivity testaccording to resistance ratio method. Of 236 samples, there were 30% positive cultures. The percentage of mono-resistance to Isoniazidwas 70%, to Rifampicin 64.3%, to Ethambutol 62.8% and Streptomycin 64.3%. The percentage of Multi Drug Resistant Tuberculosis(MDR-TB) was 20–40% and the percentage of poly-resistant (Ethambutol and Streptomycin) was 47.1%. The percentage of suspecttuberculosis with positive culture was 30%. There were also found high percentage of mono-resistant, poly-resistant and MDR-TB.

A year of hepatocellular carcinoma at a glance. Demographics, biochemical and radiological characteristics and treatment modalities from a specialized facility of Pakistan

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Laima Alam
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Treatment Modalities ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Tumour Staging ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Team Meetings ◽  
Contrast Enhanced Ct

Objectives:Relation of demographics of hepatocellular-carcinoma with the aetiology.Tumour characteristics in relation to anti-viral therapy and presence of viral-DNA/RNATreatment modalities offeredMethods: This cross-sectional study enrolled all the patients aged 18-70 years with diagnosed hepatocellular carcinoma either through Triphasic Contrast-Enhanced-CT scan and/or Magnetic Resonance Imaging or biopsy presenting to the Outpatient-Department or multi-disciplinary-team meetings for the year 2019. Demographic variables, biochemical analysis including liver profile and stage of cirrhosis, viral-status, tumour staging and the treatment modalities offered were all noted. ANOVA (normal) and Kruskal-Wallis (non-normal) tests were used to compare quantitative data whereas chi-square-test and fisher-exact-test were used to compare qualitative-data.Results: Out of 195 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma, 76% were males in their fifth to sixth decades of life, 96% had cirrhosis, 94% corresponded to viral hepatocellular-carcinoma (82% Hepatitis-C-Virus, 9% Hepatitis-B-Virus and 3% coinfection), 60% of the cirrhotics landed in Child-Pugh A category with tumour staging BCLC-B being the predominant one (43.6%) and single and multiple bilateral nodules were the commonest lesions encountered. Platelets and Alanine-Transaminase had a significant relation across aetiological groups. Lymph-nodes were the most common extra-hepatic organs for metastasis and the presence of viral PCR had a significant impact on the tumour aggressiveness. Thirty-two percent of the patients were amenable to curative treatment.Conclusion: Viral infection is the main cause of rising prevalence of this tumour in Pakistan. Treatment modalities are expensive and expertise are lacking. A nationwide cancer registry is required for the exact disease burden and tumour behaviour for our population. Continuous....

scholarly journals Future Living Arrangement for Aging Parents and Its Associated Factors

2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rahmi Setiyani ◽  
Made Sumarwati ◽  
Dian Ramawati
Keyword(s):  
Older People ◽  
Marital Status ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Living Arrangement ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Type ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test

Background: Shift in demographic structure in Indonesia has raised concern over number of issues, including change in living arrangement of older people. Objectives: The purpose of this study is to examine adult children’s choice of future living arrangement for elderly parent and its associated factors. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted among 300 young adults in Central Java, Indonesia. Descriptive statistics, Chi-Square and Fisher exact test were used to analyze the data. Results: Majority of respondents (97.3%) preferred parents to live at home, in multi-generational household with children and/or grandchildren (84.5%) in their old age. The choice was significantly influenced by children gender, marital status of parent, and family type (p=0.00; p=0.05, and p=0.05 respectively). Conclusions: In certain circumstances, living in multigenerational household still became a favorable option of living arrangement for elderly parents. Children gender, parent’s marital status and family type were likely to influence the choice. Further researches are needed to investigate which best living arrangement that support older people well-being.

scholarly journals Feasibility of Identifying Household Contacts of Rifampin-and Multidrug-resistant Tuberculosis Cases at High Risk of Progression to Tuberculosis Disease

2019 ◽  
Vol 70 (3) ◽  
pp. 425-435 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amita Gupta ◽  
Susan Swindells ◽  
Soyeon Kim ◽  
Michael D Hughes ◽  
Linda Naini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Preventive Therapy ◽  
Interferon Gamma Release Assay ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Household Contacts ◽  
Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Multidrug Resistant Tuberculosis ◽  
Mdr Tb

Abstract Background We assessed multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) cases and their household contacts (HHCs) to inform the development of an interventional clinical trial. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study of adult MDR-TB cases and their HHCs in 8 countries with high TB burdens. HHCs underwent symptom screenings, chest radiographies, sputum TB bacteriologies, TB infection (TBI) testing (tuberculin skin test [TST] and interferon gamma release assay [IGRA]), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) testing. Results From October 2015 to April 2016, 1016 HHCs from 284 MDR-TB cases were enrolled. At diagnosis, 69% of MDR-TB cases were positive for acid-fast bacilli sputum smears and 43% had cavitary disease; at study entry, 35% remained smear positive after a median MDR-TB treatment duration of 8.8 weeks. There were 9 HHCs that were diagnosed with TB prior to entry and excluded. Of the remaining 1007 HHCs, 41% were male and the median age was 25 years. There were 121 (12%) HHCs that had new cases of TB identified: 17 (2%) were confirmed, 33 (3%) probable, and 71 (7%) possible TB cases. The TBI prevalence (defined as either TST or IGRA positivity) was 72% and varied by age, test used, and country. Of 1007 HHCs, 775 (77%) were considered high-risk per these mutually exclusive groups: 102 (10%) were aged &lt;5 years; 63 (6%) were aged ≥5 and were infected with HIV; and 610 (61%) were aged ≥5 years, were negative for HIV or had an unknown HIV status, and were TBI positive. Only 21 (2%) HHCs were on preventive therapy. Conclusions The majority of HHCs in these high-burden countries were at high risk of TB disease and infection, yet few were receiving routine preventive therapy. Trials of novel, preventive therapies are urgently needed to inform treatment policy and practice.

scholarly journals Sero-Surveillance of Brucellosis in Cattle of Chitwan District, Nepal

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-371
Author(s):  
Sabita Subedi ◽  
Meera Prajapati ◽  
Bhojan Dhakal
Keyword(s):  
Social Study ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Fisher Exact Test ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
The Social ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
And Control

A cross sectional study was conducted in Eastern and Western parts of Chitwan district from November 2015 to April, 2016  in two parts, the social study followed by biological to determine and compare the prevalence, distribution of antibodies, and level of awareness of farmers  against Brucella abortus in cattle of the two regions of same district. Altogether blood samples of 92 cattle were taken for detection of Brucella antibodies by using RBPT test and the positive samples were further retested by Indirect ELISA test through ID Vet iELISA kit 2016. The samples which showed positive on both tests were confirmed as seropositive. Chi -square test and Fisher Exact test was used to find out the association between various variables. The result showed that 14.13% (13/92) and 10.86% (10/92) sample were positive by RBPT and iELISA test respectively. There was no significant prevalence differences (p>0.05) on location, age group, breed type, and method of service (artificial and natural) used in cattle. Comparing abortion with prevalence of Brucellosis, there was significant differences (p<0.05) in the result of both RBPT and iELISA test. Inferring from this result, there is association between the abortion and occurrence of Brucellosis. The higher significant prevalence differences (p<0.01) was according to the time of abortion where higher seropositivity was obtained in the cattle aborted on 5-7th month of pregnancy and cattle of 3rd parity. The study showed the existence of Brucellosis in Chitwan district with no adoption of any preventive measures against this disease, so here is current need of the strategies for its prevention and control in order to mitigate such overwhelming situation.Int J Appl Sci Biotechnol, Vol 4(3): 365-371

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