scholarly journals Aspects of chemical training of the personnel for organic farming

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 154-165
Author(s):  
M. D. Grigorieva ◽  
S. L. Belopukhov
Keyword(s):  
Organic Farming ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Russian State ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Products Analysis ◽  
Instrumental Methods ◽  
The Impact

Organic farming is aimed at providing the population with high-quality safe agricultural products and preserving the ecological well-being of agrocenoses and adjacent territories. The implementation of this project is currently associated with a number of problems, for the solution of which educational institutions must train qualified personnel. The authors investigated the aspects of chemical training of specialists necessary for the development of organic farming. The article considers three groups of specialties: 1) farm specialists working with soil and plants (agronomists, soil scientists, ecologists); 2) specialists engaged in product processing (food production technologists, medicinal and essential oil raw materials technologists, biotechnologists, etc.); 3) specialists of laboratories for quality control of raw materials and finished products. Analysis of the labor functions of specialists, the goals and objectives of organic farming, as well as the experience of cooperation of the Department of Chemistry of the Russian State Agricultural University-Moscow Agricultural Academy named after K. A. Timiryazev with agricultural farms for the implementation of organic technology, showed that the most important components of chemical education are as follows: 1) basic chemical training that allows to understand and manage the dynamic processes occurring in the agrosphere; 2) modern instrumental methods of analysis necessary for quality and safety control of raw materials and products, agrochemical diagnostics of soils and water sources; environmental monitoring to assess the impact of agriculture on soil fertility; research activities; evaluation of processing, storage, packaging methods. Laboratory specialists should have the competence to perform physico-chemical determinations of test samples. Other groups of specialists should know the purpose of the methods, be able to interpret the results of determinations. The article presents educational programs of different levels (bachelor’s, master’s, qualification enhancement), which allow to form the necessary chemical competencies.

Mediterranean Cropping Systems: The Importance of Their Economic and Environmental Sustainability

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 1-1
Author(s):  
Maria Pergola ◽  
◽  
Assunta Maria Palese ◽  
Alessandro Persiani ◽  
Pasquale De Francesco ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Sustainability ◽  
Fossil Fuels ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cropping Systems ◽  
Olive Tree ◽  
Well Being ◽  
C Sequestration ◽  
Agricultural Systems ◽  
The World ◽  
The Impact

The COVID-19 pandemic has drastically changed the lives of people, as well as the production and economic systems throughout the world. The flow of raw materials and products, the supply of labor and manpower, and the purchasing power have all been changed to the detriment of individual health and well-being. Such a situation requires placing even more emphasis on the search for virtuous agricultural systems compatible with the goals of economic and environmental development so clearly defined at the world level in the last decades. The present study aimed to assess the environmental and economic performance of some typical Mediterranean crops grown under different agronomical management regimes, such as strawberry, hazelnut, apricot tree, kiwifruit, peach, olive tree, and grapevine, to emphasize the importance of the mentioned issues even in the current pandemic situation. Life cycle assessment (LCA) was used to investigate the environmental profile of the studied crops, while lifecycle costing (LCC) was performed to assess and compare the economic aspects. From the environmental perspective, the hobby-organic olive systems were the most eco-friendly cropping systems, emitting 0.031 to 0.105 kg CO2eq per kg olives, while the organic hazelnut system had the greatest impact (1.001 kg of CO2eq per kg). Apricot, kiwifruit, and peach systems used N and P inputs most effectively, while strawberry systems efficiently used fossil fuels. Olive HO-2, kiwifruit, and peach cropping systems had the lowest budgets, with the costs amounted to 0.12 € kg-1 per fruit for Olive HO-2 and 0.28 € kg-1 per fruit for both kiwifruit and peach. On the contrary, organic strawberry cultivation was the most expensive (4.77 € kg-1). The variability in results due to the large differences between contexts, such as landscape, technical knowledge, and crop management, characterized the studied agricultural systems. To easily identify sustainability classes and to diminish the impact of farming practices, a considerable effort should be expended to combine LCA with LCC, C sequestration estimates, and some other useful indicators for the environmental quality evaluation.

scholarly journals Do vody bez obav

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 211-221
Author(s):  
Viktor Pacholík
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Water Environment ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Power And Energy ◽  
The Impact

This list deals with the impact of the Halliwick Swimming Concept on subjective experience and psychical states of people with physical impairment. By means of the Halliwick Swimming Concept, that consisted of 10 swimming lessons, we observed the psychical response of the tested persons to individual lessons as well as to the whole programme within a frame of a case study. The acquired data indicate a positive impact of the swimming programme in the field of elimination of negative psychical state in water environment such as anxiety, discomfort and despondency and gradual increase of psychical well-being, activity and feelings of power and energy connected with positive expectations. Most of these changes proved not only in individual lessons, but also from the point of view of the whole programme evaluation. This paper has been written within a project OP VK CZ.1.07/2.4.00/17.0037 „Development of Pedagogical and Research Activities within the Department of Social Sciences in Sport at the FSpS MU“.

scholarly journals The Impact of COVID 19 Biological Emergencies on Child Education in East Delhi, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 429-441
Author(s):  
Anjali Diwakar
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
Treatment Guidelines ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Viral Diseases ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Access To Food ◽  
The Impact

<p>The increase in viral diseases intensity and frequency poses a threat to community infrastructure and affects the total well-being of children in regard to: access to food, health, school attendance, access to clean water and sanitation, physical and social security. Using both qualitative and quantitative data, this article provided an overview of biological disasters and their potential effects on children’s access to quality education in East Delhi. The purpose of the study was to analyse school children’s specific vulnerabilities to biological disasters that need to be taken into account in policy development. Research indicated that viral diseases cause loss of learning hours, loss of qualified personnel, outbreak of airborne diseases, high absenteeism and low syllabus coverage leading to children’s poor academic performance. Children noted a range of experiences, from food insecurity to being withdrawn from school and sometimes forced into early marriages. These challenges compromise children’s rights and access to quality education. This article therefore recommended that a culture of safety be promoted through disaster education, development of good medical facilities and enforcement of medical treatment guidelines. Findings also supported the need for adaptation strategies to ensure that the risks specific to school children are addressed.</p>

Continuing Entomological Research During the Covid-19 Pandemic

2021 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-119
Author(s):  
Sotiria Boutsi ◽  
Heather Campbell ◽  
Eugenia Fezza ◽  
Ross George ◽  
Cindayniah Godfrey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Research Group ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Early Career ◽  
Widening Participation ◽  
Public Health Campaign ◽  
Health Campaign ◽  
Health Measures ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
The Impact

In response to the global COVID-19 pandemic, the UK has experienced three national lockdowns and a public health campaign designed to stop the spread of the virus. The first national lockdown, starting in March 2020, led to the closure of university campuses, and laboratories having to pause practical research and move research student supervision online. During this time, laboratories had to develop way for research activities to resume whilst also complying with public health measures. The entomology group at Harper Adams University is in the Agriculture and Environment Department and forms part of the Centre for Integrated Pest Management. At present our group consists of seven staff members, ranging from early career researchers to those with over 20 years of experience in academia and industry, who collectively supervise 10 PhD students at varying stages of their research. Two of these students are completing their research at an external institute. The group carries out research across multiple sites, office buildings, research laboratories, including the Jean Jackson Entomology Laboratory (https://www.infraportal.org.uk/node/1880), as well as field and glasshouse facilities. Here we provide a narrative account of the challenges in maintaining an active research group during a year of highly restricted activities. We begin by outlining the impact that national lockdowns and public health measures had on researchers working on PhD projects through to larger UKRI and levy-funded multi-institute, multi-year projects. We address four key areas: i) maintaining productivity, ii) student-supervisor interactions, iii) accessibility and widening participation and iv) well-being and mental health. We then outline how lessons learnt from lockdown can inform best practice for a research group. Many aspects will be useful for researchers working part-time, flexible hours, remotely or at multiple sites, but we emphasise that the aim of this contribution is to share our personal experiences and not to cover every theme in what is an extremely complex set of global circumstances.

scholarly journals The impact of flood disasters on child education in Muzarabani District, Zimbabwe

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chipo Mudavanhu
Keyword(s):  
Policy Development ◽  
School Attendance ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Quality Education ◽  
Waterborne Diseases ◽  
Education Development ◽  
Qualified Personnel ◽  
Flood Disasters ◽  
Flood Intensity ◽  
The Impact

The increase in flood intensity and frequency poses a threat to community infrastructure and affects the total well-being of children in regard to: access to food, health, school attendance, access to clean water and sanitation, physical and social security. Using both qualitative and quantitative data, this article provided an overview of flood disasters and their potential effects on children’s access to quality education in Zimbabwe. The purpose of the study was to analyse school children’s specific vulnerabilities to flood disasters that need to be taken into account in policy development. Research indicated that floods cause loss of learning hours, loss of qualified personnel, outbreak of waterborne diseases, high absenteeism and low syllabus coverage leading to children’s poor academic performance. Children noted a range of experiences, from food insecurity to being withdrawn from school and sometimes forced into early marriages. These challenges compromise children’s rights and access to quality education. This article therefore recommended that a culture of safety be promoted through disaster education, development of good road networks and enforcement of building codes during construction of school infrastructure. Findings also supported the need for adaptation strategies to ensure that the risks specific to school children are addressed.

scholarly journals Modeling Green Energy Development Based on Sustainable Economic Growth in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 1368 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhijuan Zhang ◽  
Marcin Lis
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Development ◽  
Agricultural Sector ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Green Energy ◽  
Biofuel Production ◽  
Bioethanol Production ◽  
Energy Potential ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Biological Raw Materials

Industrial development of the economic system of any state is directly related to the use of energy potential. China’s industrial breakthrough is no exception. Today, China is one of the largest importers–consumers of oil, whose economy is extremely dependent on the energy market. The growing production and population, as well as climatic changes that directly determine the well-being of society, have become the causal basis for the development of alternative ways of generating energy. The aim of the study is to model the implementation of the sustainable development strategy in China through the production and use of biofuels. The simulation is made taking into account the following. The production capacities of Chinese licensed producers of fuel ethanol are calculated. The efficiency of bioethanol production from various types of biological raw materials is evaluated. An economic and mathematical model of bioethanol production is built. The article forecasts the profitability of bioethanol sales from various types of biological raw materials (sugar sorghum, corn) in Chinese and European markets. The study comprehensively reveals the features of the use of biofuels in an industrial country, taking into account geopolitical factors, social and market contexts, as well as technical analysis of the raw materials and production potential of Chinese companies. The article also interprets the economic processes associated with the introduction of biofuels in the ecological and economic systems of China. The article demonstrates other concepts regarding the consequences of the energy sector’s transition to the principles of energy production from biomass. The article shows the contradictory nature of the impact of biofuel production on the food market and the agricultural sector. The article analyzes possible social, resource and macroeconomic risks, and also indicates possible vectors for further research that might be aimed at diversifying the associated negative processes.

scholarly journals Optimization of the recipe ingredients wheat bread with recycled plant material

2019 ◽  
Vol 81 (3) ◽  
pp. 64-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. A. Kuznetsova ◽  
S. A. Mordvinkin ◽  
E. A. Zenina
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Flour ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Well Being ◽  
First Grade ◽  
Bread Quality ◽  
Wheat Bread ◽  
Optimal Dosage ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
The Impact

The possibility of using tiger nut flour (chuf) in the production of wheat bread is considered. During the experiment, trial baking of bread with different dosage of tiger nut flour and wheat flour was carried out. The parameters of mixtures of tiger flour and wheat flour of the first grade in the ratios were studied 5:95; 10:90; 15:85. The research was carried out in the laboratory of the Department "technology of storage and processing of agricultural raw materials and flour public catering" of Volgograd state agrarian University. During the experiment were studied: problems at the present stage in the baking industry; geography of growth, yield and quality of tiger nut; chemical composition of tiger nut and flour derived from it; the impact of tiger nut on human health and well-being; organoleptic indicators of bread quality; physico-chemical indicators of bread quality; change in baking properties of wheat bread with the addition of tiger nut flour. As result of the study, the possibility of producing wheat bread using tiger nut flour was established, as well as the optimal dosage of tiger nut flour and wheat flour allowing to obtain bread with high organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters.

Indoor air quality prediction systems for smart environments: A systematic review

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 433-453
Author(s):  
Jagriti Saini ◽  
Maitreyee Dutta ◽  
Gonçalo Marques
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air Quality ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Smart Environments ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Prediction Systems ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Health And Well Being

Air quality is a critical matter of concern in terms of the impact on public health and well-being. Although the consequences of poor air quality are more severe in developing countries, they also have a critical impact in developed countries. Healthcare costs due to air pollution reach $150 billion in the USA, whereas particulate matter causes 412,000 premature deaths in Europe, every year. According to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA), indoor air pollutant levels can be up to 100 times higher in comparison to outdoor air quality. Indoor air quality (IAQ) is in the top five environmental risks to global health and well-being. The research community explored the scope of artificial intelligence (AI) in the past years to deal with this problem. The IAQ prediction systems contribute to smart environments where advanced sensing technologies can create healthy living conditions for building occupants. This paper reviews the applications and potential of AI for the prediction of IAQ to enhance building environment and public health. The results show that most of the studies analyzed incorporate neural networks-based models and the preferred evaluation metrics are RMSE, R 2 score and error rate. Furthermore, 66.6% of the studies include CO2 sensors for IAQ assessment. Temperature and humidity parameters are also included in 90.47% and 85.71% of the proposed methods, respectively. This study also presents some limitations of the current research activities associated with the evaluation of the impact of different pollutants based on different geographical conditions and living environments. Moreover, the use of reliable and calibrated sensor networks for real-time data collection is also a significant challenge.

scholarly journals Issues of Animal Welfare Regulations on Pharmacy Education and Research in India

2021 ◽  
pp. 185-194
Author(s):  
Anuradha Girme ◽  
Anil Pawar
Keyword(s):  
Biomedical Research ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Animal Experimentation ◽  
Pharmacy Education ◽  
Continuous Increase ◽  
Alternative Technologies ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
Animal Use ◽  
The Impact

Biomedical research is essential to the health and well-being of our society. Animal use for biomedical research has a long history and is routinely performed in new drug discovery and development processes. Animal experiments are an integral part of the curriculum for students in the life sciences, including pharmacy, to learn how to conduct animal experiments. These experiments may cause pain and distress to the animals. Laws and regulations have been enacted to make it illegal to cause undue pain or suffering to animals. These guidelines provide that due and full consideration should be given to alternative technologies not involving animal testing. Despite the movement to minimize animal use in research, pieces of evidence show that there has been a continuous increase in the worldwide use of laboratory animals over 10 years, from 115.2 animals to 192.1 million. The lack of suitable animal-alternative technologies and unavailability of required infrastructures are some of the reasons for animal use. As per directives of the University Grant Commission, the Pharmacy Council of India has decided to prohibit animal experimentation in pharmacy education. This adversely affected teaching and research activities in pharmacy institutions. As a result, the number of seats available for the postgraduate course (Master of Pharmacy) in Pharmacology is decreasing every year. In 2021, the highest number of seats are available for Pharmaceutics (9510, 35%) followed by that for the Pharmacology (4620, 17%). This article mainly focuses on the background of Indian legislation for animal experimentation and the impact of these regulations on animal experiments for pharmacy education and research in India.

Measuring Impact of Stress in Sandwich Generation Caring for Demented Parents

GeroPsych ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 171-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laurence M. Solberg ◽  
Lauren B. Solberg ◽  
Emily N. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Factor Analysis ◽  
Exploratory Factor Analysis ◽  
Social Worker ◽  
Resource Availability ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Sandwich Generation ◽  
Item Questionnaire ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Adult Caregivers ◽  
The Impact

Stress in caregivers may affect the healthcare recipients receive. We examined the impact of stress experienced by 45 adult caregivers of their elderly demented parents. The participants completed a 32-item questionnaire about the impact of experienced stress. The questionnaire also asked about interventions that might help to reduce the impact of stress. After exploratory factor analysis, we reduced the 32-item questionnaire to 13 items. Results indicated that caregivers experienced stress, anxiety, and sadness. Also, emotional, but not financial or professional, well-being was significantly impacted. There was no significant difference between the impact of caregiver stress on members from the sandwich generation and those from the nonsandwich generation. Meeting with a social worker for resource availability was identified most frequently as a potentially helpful intervention for coping with the impact of stress.

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