scholarly journals Increasing the efficiency of the partial oil removal column

2021 ◽  
Vol 83 (1) ◽  
pp. 284-289
Author(s):  
N. I. Zotov ◽  
S. V. Popov ◽  
O. V. Khabibrakhmanov
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Distillation Column ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Cold Season ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Oil Removal ◽  
Refining Unit ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Partial Condenser

The operation of the primary oil refining unit is considered. An analysis of the operation of the operating column K-1 showed that there are noticeable fluctuations in the operating mode of the apparatus in the summer and cold season, as a result, a change in the temperature of the column top and a deterioration in the clarity of fraction rectification were observed. To study the methods of adjusting the parameters of the K-1 topping column, a computational experiment was carried out using the UniSim Design modeling system, in which the models of the apparatus and the installation model as a whole were formed. The Peng-Robinson method was used as a mathematical package for calculating the thermodynamic properties of the mixture components. Comparison of the calculated performance of the two options for the equipment of the column K-1. According to the first version, the operation of the K-1 column was simulated, in which the raw material enters the 19 tray, the hot stream is fed to the bottom of the column to the 24 tray, oil reflux to the 5 tray, acute irrigation and a partial condenser are used. Unstable technological regimes of the column top were observed in this variant in industrial conditions. To assess the fundamental possibility of changing the hardware design of the K-1 column, another option was chosen, in which there is no acute irrigation and oil irrigation, at the same time, upper circulating irrigation was introduced from the 5th to the 1st tray with cooling the flow and the technological scheme of forming and feeding the hot jet was preserved. Comparison of the fractional compositions of the topped oil showed that for the considered options, there are practically similar calculated estimates, while the use of upper circulating irrigation allows not only to unload the upper part of the distillation column from the heat load, but also to use a significant heat flow of the cooler of the upper circulating irrigation for preheating oil , which will also reduce the consumption of liquid fuel for furnaces.

scholarly journals Challenges and Prospects of Converting Nigeria Illegal Refineries to Modular Refineries

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mamudu Angela ◽  
Okoro Emeka ◽  
Igwilo Kevin ◽  
Olabode Oluwasanmi ◽  
Elehinafe Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crude Oil ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Transfer Of Knowledge ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Intermediate Products ◽  
Overall Design ◽  
Standard Operation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Private Investors

The sub-optimum conditions of Nigeria conventional refineries remains a drastic setback since all other industries are intertwined with its outputs. It is noted that amidst all other glaring contributing factors as listed in the study, insufficient large capital funds on the part of private investors and vandalization of pipelines seems to be conspicuous. The stolen crude oil got from the pipelines serve as the beginning point for illegal refining. Asides the issue of quality control of products, their sub-standard operation also affects Nigerians environmentally and economically. The more the Government invest time and resources to stop their operation; the more they spring up like mushrooms. This paper reflects the authors view on achieving a win-win scenario. The upgrading of existing illegal refineries at strategic locations within the country to standard modular refineries seems to be a more feasible and friendly approach. The issue of channeling of intermediate products can be solved through the introduction of clusters, where final products of one become raw material for the other. Intermediate products can also be channeled to Government owned conventional refineries for further processing. From analysis, it is deduced that overall design capacities from clusters have optimum effect on the intermediate environment in terms of meeting demand. Extensive operational training on crude oil refining will help buttress the point while Transfer of Knowledge from official vendors to Nigerian Engineers on how to fabricate modular refining units locally will also help to reduce overall cost.

Greenhouse gas emissions reduction by process intensification: Reactive distillation column with side decanter

2020 ◽  
pp. 0958305X2093768
Author(s):  
Alexandra-Elena Plesu Popescu ◽  
Jordi Bonet ◽  
Joan Llorens
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Equilibrium ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Distillation Column ◽  
Reactive Distillation ◽  
Industrial Process ◽  
Process Intensification ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Heat Of Reaction ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Total Reflux

Direct hydration of cyclohexene to produce cyclohexanol is the industrial process with a lower raw material cost but with a quite expensive process. Large energy consumption is consequence of large cyclohexene recycle related with its unfavourable chemical equilibrium. This study corroborates that the Asahi process is a good candidate for intensification avoiding the cyclohexene recycle. Rigorous simulation shows that a single reactive distillation column, with a side decanter, operated at total reflux, allows overcoming the chemical equilibrium limitations as the product is continuously collected by the column bottoms and the heat of reaction is directly used to separate the product by distillation. The novel process is studied and compared to the classical Asahi process. An energy comparison with the available processes proposed in the literature is performed. Therefore, achieving more energy-efficient processes leads to lowering their environmental impact, thus decreasing the carbon dioxide emissions. Applying the proposed methodology for cyclohexanol production, more than 67,000 t CO2/y emissions can be avoided compared to the nowadays used classical process, thus the potential savings applying process intensification to the chemical industry are very large and worth further investigation.

scholarly journals Efficiency of Installation of an Additional Gas-Air Heat Exchanger When Operating a Steam Boiler on Gas and Liquid Fuel

2021 ◽  
Vol 2096 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
F Bakirov ◽  
E Ibragimov
Keyword(s):  
Flue Gas ◽  
Heat Exchangers ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fuel Efficiency ◽  
Operating Mode ◽  
Payback Period ◽  
Fuel Oil ◽  
Technical Solution ◽  
Steam Boiler ◽  
Gas Temperature

Abstract The article presents the results of calculating the efficiency of reconstruction of the gas and air paths of a steam boiler when working on gas and liquid fuel due to the installation of additional gas-air heat exchangers. Due to the utilization of the thermal energy of the flue gases in the newly installed heat exchangers, the air is heated in front of the boiler air heaters and the fuel efficiency is increased by increasing the boiler efficiency. The increase in the efficiency of the "gross" boiler during the operation of the considered TGM-84 boiler on fuel oil with an average annual operating mode was 2.81 %. The flue gas temperature after the boiler air heaters was 178 °C, and the air temperature at the inlet to the air heaters was 99 °C at the average annual load of the boiler, which ensures an almost corrosion-free operation of the air heater packing. It is revealed that when the liquid fuel boilers, installation of new heat exchangers and their strapping on the side of the air and flue gas has a shorter payback period than the boiler gas fired. The simple payback period of the considered technical solution was 6,82 years when working on gas fuel and 1,35 years when working on liquid fuel.

scholarly journals Features of metallurgy waste mainly processing with account for raw material contrast

2020 ◽  
Vol 192 ◽  
pp. 02026
Author(s):  
Alexander Burdonov ◽  
Vyacheslav Barakhtenko ◽  
Konstantin Prokhorov ◽  
Yuri Novikov
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Spectroscopic Studies ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Mineralogical Analysis ◽  
Fundamental Factor ◽  
Fundamental Possibility ◽  
Material Contrast ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Finely Dispersed Powder

This work presents research studies of alumina-containing estimates formed during the production of aluminum on electrolyzers with self-burning anodes during technological operations at PJSC RUSAL Bratsk. Material from the territory of the electrolysis workshop, with a mark of ± 0, is a mixture of finely dispersed powder, 2.5 mm in size (on average 62.78% by weight) with pieces of material from 0.5 to 6 cm in size. , 26% by weight). As a result of the work, the particle size and chemical-metallurgical properties of an alumina-containing estimate were studied. During the research, the content of valuable components and impurities in the sample of various classes was determined. In the process of mineralogical analysis, two phases were identified in the products: dark, black-gray and light, grayish-white. It is proved that these phases have significant differences in the chemical composition of the feed. Spectroscopic studies showed significant differences in the colorimetric characteristics of the raw materials, which is a fundamental factor for the use of photometric separation. Based on preliminary studies on the separation of alumina-containing estimates by photometric separation, the fundamental possibility of purifying contaminated material from technological impurities has been established.

scholarly journals CORRELATION AND REGRESSION ANALYSIS OF THE AUTOMOTIVE GASOLINE MARKET

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (37) ◽  
pp. 35-44
Author(s):  
G.Z. Nizamova ◽  
◽  
M.M. Gaifullina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Oil Production ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Gasoline Market ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Motor Gasoline ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis

Purpose of the study: to identify the factors affecting the volume of production of motor gasoline. Research methods: analysis and synthesis, systematic approach, as well as methods of correlation and regression analysis. Results of the research: A methodological approach to the use of tools for correlation and regression analysis of the gasoline market is proposed, which includes the following stages: 1) formation of a data array; 2) carrying out correlation analysis, building a correlation matrix, selecting factors into the model using the Correlation tool in the Data Analysis package of MS Excel; 3) conducting a regression analysis, constructing a regression equation, substantiating the obtained dependence using the "Regression" tool in the "Data Analysis" MS Excel package, calculating the elasticity coefficients. It is proposed to use the volume of production of motor gasoline as effective in carrying out the correlation-regression analysis and constructing mathematical models. Among the dependent variables and factors affecting the volume of production of motor gasoline, it is proposed to use variables that characterize four groups of factors: resource (raw material) limitations (the volume of oil production and refining), production capabilities of the industry (through the depth of oil refining and the yield of light oil products that characterize production capacity and set of installations in the industry), price attractiveness of the market (prices of producers and consumers of motor gasoline, world oil prices), export attractiveness (volume and value of exports). Multivariate economic and statistical models of the dependence of the volume of production of motor gasoline on a number of factors have been developed. Based on the results of calculations, a strong correlation was revealed between the volume of production of motor gasoline and the values of primary oil refining, oil production, and export of motor gasoline. The predicted values are located as close as possible to the residual values, which indicates that the resulting regression equation has a high degree of accuracy. Research prospects: the research results can be used to identify significant factors in the development of the motor gasoline market in the Russian Federation.

scholarly journals Intensity of thermal radiation and radii of destruction zones of the primary oil refining unit “Atmospheric vacuum tube”

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-70
Author(s):  
German V. Pachurin ◽  
◽  
Irina G. Trunova ◽  
Igor V. Geiko ◽  
Natalya S. Konyukhova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Radiation ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Vacuum Tube ◽  
Refining Unit

scholarly journals OVER-ALL EVALUATION OF COAL PROPERTIES FOR NON-TRADITIONAL USE AT THE STAGES OF SEARCH AND ESTIMATION WORKS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (72) ◽  
pp. 12-17
Author(s):  
V. Kosinski ◽  
G. Khrustalyova ◽  
A. Gontsov
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Genetic Parameters ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Laboratory Research ◽  
Traditional Use ◽  
Synthetic Liquid Fuel ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Coal Properties

The present-day noitons about possible directions of non-traditional use of coals are considered, the choice of the optimal complex of material-genetic parameters and indices of coals quality at the stages of search and estimation works is substantiated, for their evaluation as a raw material for production of synthetic liquid fuel, wax, coal-humic preparations of various destination, coal-alkaline reagents, pigments, filtering materials, silica carbide, sulphocoals, thermoanthracite on the base of analysis and generalization of the laboratory research and modeling of treatment processes has been made.

scholarly journals Modular plants for combined biomass-based production of electricity and synthetic liquid fuel

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 113-127
Author(s):  
E. A. Tyurina ◽  
A. S. Mednikov ◽  
P. Yu. Elsukov
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Far East ◽  
Woody Biomass ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Liquid Fuels ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Wood Biomass ◽  
Economic Optimization ◽  
Boiler Furnace ◽  
Synthetic Liquid Fuel

The high costs of qualified liquid fuels in remote areas of Siberia and the Far East, as well as significant stocks of wood biomass in these areas determine the relevance of the presented studies. The integrated processing of woody biomass into synthetic liquid fuel and electricity will increase the energy and economic efficiency of processing technological waste, as well as improve the environmental situation in these areas. The aim of the work is technical and economic optimization of parameters modular installations of the combined production of electricity and methanol from woody biomass. The article presents an analysis of previously performed work on the topic of research and, based on them, selected one of the most effective ways to process wood biomass - oxidative conversion of this raw material to produce gas enriched in hydrogen and carbon oxides, synthesis of qualified liquid fuels and generating electricity when burning purge gas synthesis process. The technological scheme of modular plants for combined biomass-based production of electricity and synthetic liquid fuel, its mathematical model of its elements and the scheme as a whole are given. On the basis of the selected methods, optimization studies of the operation of a modular energy technology installation were carried out. Analysis of the results showed that the combined production of electricity and methanol based on biomass increases the thermal efficiency of the process by 12% and reduces investment by 15-20% compared with separate production. With an internal rate of return of capital of 15%, the cost of methanol from biomass will be 275-317 dollars per ton. At such a cost, methanol can compete with both boiler-furnace and motor fuels in the eastern regions of Russia.

scholarly journals EXPLOSIVE HAZARD OF SPHERICAL TANKS OF OIL AND GAS REFINING ENTERPRISES

Fire Safety ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 91-95
Author(s):  
N. O. Ferents ◽  
S. Y. Vovk ◽  
A. S. Lyn
Keyword(s):  
Technological Process ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Refining Industry ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Toxic Substances ◽  
Building Structures ◽  
Hydrocarbon Gases ◽  
Liquefied Gas

Gas and oil refining enterprises receive a large amount of hydrocarbon gases, which can be used as fuel or after processing as a raw material for a number of oil refining and petrochemical processes. The fires on such objects are characterized by high speed of development, destruction of technological equipment and building structures, intensive flowing out of combustible liquids and liquefied gases, significant thermal radiation, gas pollution of the adjoining territory; Even local fires or explosions under adverse circumstances due to chain development can lead to catastrophic scales. Therefore, the problem of reliable fire protection of the oil and gas refining industry enterprises, individual units and installations is relevant. The goal of the work is investigation of the danger of accidents in spherical tanks at oil and gas refining industry enterprises. The physical and chemical properties of the liquefied gases, the conditions of the technological process, the experience of accidents on similar objects were analyzed. The results showed that during the technological process with liquefied gas the emissions of substances causing the formation of a potential explosive zones, explosions of gas and gas clouds, physical explosions of vapour, fireballs, spill fires and the spread of clouds of toxic substances were possible. In order to ensure the process, spherical tanks for liquefied gas are equipped with devices for monitoring the level, pressure, temperature; alarms of emergency level; systems of manual release of pressure; systems of safety valves with a discharge on a torch or a candle; equalizing lines between tanks and overpasses with electric locks. The breakdown hazard of spherical tanks of oil and gas refining enterprises was studied. The zone of destructive action of explosion pressure in a spherical tank with liquefied gas was calculated.

scholarly journals Sugar beet as a raw material for bioethanol production

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (No. 6) ◽  
pp. 224-234 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Hinková ◽  
Z. Bubník
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Beet ◽  
Liquid Fuel ◽  
Fermentation Process ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Fuel Production ◽  
Solids Content ◽  
Fermentation Stage ◽  
Made In

Overproduction of sugar causes a reduction in the acreage under sugar beet. That is why new non-food technologies for exploitation of agricultural products are sought. Utilization of beet for liquid fuel production could be one of them. The aim of experiments with sugar beet raw juice fermentation was to verify the possibility to return a part of distiller’s slops back to the fermentation process and thereby to obtain stillage with higher content of dry solids. This would bring about energy savings during slops thickening and drying. Tests with recycling of different portions of stillage (20, 25 and 30%) back to the fermentation stage were carried out. No significant increase in dry solids content in mash was found and therefore no energy savings during thickening can be expected. The only savings can be made in water consumption that is replaced by slops.

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