scholarly journals Relationship between Wine Consumption and Alzheimer's Disease

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcella Reale ◽  
Chiara D'Angelo ◽  
Erica Costantini ◽  
Srinivas Jagarlapoodi ◽  
Haroon Khan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Alcohol Drinking ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Wine Consumption ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most threatening neurodegenerative diseases, is characterized by the loss of memory and language function, an unbalanced perception of space and other cognitive and physical manifestations. Pathology of the AD is characterized by neuronal loss, and the extensive distribution of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). The role of environment and the diet in the AD is being studied actively, and nutrition is certainly one of the main factors playing a prominent role in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, the relationship between dementia and wine use/abuse has received increased research interest in recent times, with varying and often conflicting results. Scope and approach: This review aims to critically summarize the most recent studies conducted to clarify the relationship between wine drinking and AD, as well as whether effects are influenced by quantity and/or frequency of drinking. Key findings and Conclusion: Overall, based on the interpretation of various studies, it can be concluded that there is no indication that light to moderate alcohol drinking is detrimental to cognition and dementia, and it is not possible to define whether alcohol could be used as a means to reduce risk of developing AD.

scholarly journals Relationship of Wine Consumption with Alzheimer’s Disease

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reale ◽  
Costantini ◽  
Jagarlapoodi ◽  
Khan ◽  
Belwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Alcohol Intake ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Language Function ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

Background: Alzheimer’s disease (AD), the most threatening neurodegenerative disease, is characterized by the loss of memory and language function, an unbalanced perception of space, and other cognitive and physical manifestations. The pathology of AD is characterized by neuronal loss and the extensive distribution of senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs). The role of environment and the diet in AD is being actively studied, and nutrition is one of the main factors playing a prominent role in the prevention of neurodegenerative diseases. In this context, the relationship between dementia and wine use/abuse has received increased research interest, with varying and often conflicting results. Scope and Approach: With this review, we aimed to critically summarize the main relevant studies to clarify the relationship between wine drinking and AD, as well as how frequency and/or amount of drinking may influence the effects. Key Findings and Conclusions: Overall, based on the interpretation of various studies, no definitive results highlight if light to moderate alcohol drinking is detrimental to cognition and dementia, or if alcohol intake could reduce risk of developing AD.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF THE RELATIONSHIP WITH THE MOTHER IN CHILDHOOD IN FORMING A WOMAN'S ATTITUDE TOWARDS HER OWN MOTHERHOOD

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (87) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tatiana Sidorenko ◽  
◽  
Natalia Grisenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Analysis ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Personal Attitude ◽  
Psychological Science ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Psychological Features ◽  
The Relationship

The article is devoted to the study of such an important psychological phenomenon as an attitude of women to their own motherhood. It is summarizes the study of the problem of motherhood in psychological science in general. The article analyzes the problem of the influence of the relationship with the mother in childhood on the formation of a woman's attitude to her own motherhood in adult age. It is illuminates views of foreign and national researchers on the study of this phenomenon, as well as the essence of different areas of research on this phenomenon. Based on the theoretical analysis of the literature on this topic, the concept of "motherhood", its content and psychological essence is studied. Cultural-historical, biological, physiological and psychological aspects to the study of motherhood are singled out. The main content of scientific views on the formation of the phenomenon of motherhood is generalized. The main factors influencing the development of a woman's maternal sphere and the formation of the attitude to one's own motherhood are analyzed and considered. The content of such basic concepts as "mother's image" and "maternal relations" is revealed. The psychological features of the formation of an adequate image of the mother in the theoretical analysis of the ontogenesis of the maternal sphere are analyzed. The article also reveals the dynamics of motherhood in ontogenesis. The types of maternal relations and their role in the life of a mature woman are determined, as well as the influence of these relations on the formation of a woman's attitude to her own motherhood. The influence of different types of relationships between women and their own mothers on the level of formation of their attitude to personal motherhood has been empirically studied. Two groups of women were studied, one group had a positive relationship with their own mother, and the other had a negative one. In the course of the research the differences between different types of maternal relations and the level of formation of a woman's personal attitude to motherhood are singled out.

Cognitive Biases, Risk Perception, and Individual's Decision to Start a New Venture

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 14-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
Salma Zaiane ◽  
Fatma Ben Moussa
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Cognitive Biases ◽  
New Venture ◽  
Illusion Of Control ◽  
Mediating Role ◽  
Correlation And Regression Analysis ◽  
Reduce Risk ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of this article is to investigate the relationship of overconfidence and illusion of control towards the start of new venture, taking in consideration the mediating role of risk perception in the context of Tunisia. This article examines students' responses to surveys based on a teaching case titled “Optical Distortion, Inc.” The authors tested hypotheses by correlation and regression analysis. The results show that the perception towards risk associated with new venture plays an important role in decision-making. Moreover, they find that overconfidence and illusion of control reduce risk perception associated to the decision to start a venture. While overconfidence directly affects the decision to start a venture and indirectly through its effect on reducing the risk perception, illusion of control has neither a direct nor an indirect impact on that. These results partially confirm those of Simon show that the mediation exists but partially.

scholarly journals Activate or Inhibit? Implications of Autophagy Modulation as a Therapeutic Strategy for Alzheimer’s Disease

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (18) ◽  
pp. 6739
Author(s):  
Sharmeelavathi Krishnan ◽  
Yasaswi Shrestha ◽  
Dona P. W. Jayatunga ◽  
Sarah Rea ◽  
Ralph Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Therapeutic Strategy ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Proteotoxic Stress ◽  
Underlying Causes ◽  
The Brain

Neurodegenerative diseases result in a range of conditions depending on the type of proteinopathy, genes affected or the location of the degeneration in the brain. Proteinopathies such as senile plaques and neurofibrillary tangles in the brain are prominent features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD). Autophagy is a highly regulated mechanism of eliminating dysfunctional organelles and proteins, and plays an important role in removing these pathogenic intracellular protein aggregates, not only in AD, but also in other neurodegenerative diseases. Activating autophagy is gaining interest as a potential therapeutic strategy for chronic diseases featuring protein aggregation and misfolding, including AD. Although autophagy activation is a promising intervention, over-activation of autophagy in neurodegenerative diseases that display impaired lysosomal clearance may accelerate pathology, suggesting that the success of any autophagy-based intervention is dependent on lysosomal clearance being functional. Additionally, the effects of autophagy activation may vary significantly depending on the physiological state of the cell, especially during proteotoxic stress and ageing. Growing evidence seems to favour a strategy of enhancing the efficacy of autophagy by preventing or reversing the impairments of the specific processes that are disrupted. Therefore, it is essential to understand the underlying causes of the autophagy defect in different neurodegenerative diseases to explore possible therapeutic approaches. This review will focus on the role of autophagy during stress and ageing, consequences that are linked to its activation and caveats in modulating this pathway as a treatment.

The price of cider: empirical analysis in Québec province

2019 ◽  
Vol 122 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-98 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. François Outreville ◽  
Eric Le Fur
Keyword(s):  
Design Methodology ◽  
Percent Level ◽  
Region Of Origin ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Production Factors ◽  
Wine Sector ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to investigate the main factors and mechanisms that govern the price of cider, and to apply the analysis to the price of ciders in the Province of Québec, Canada. Design/methodology/approach The analysis is following the methodology applied to the determinants of the price of wine. A model for the price of cider is estimated with 70 prices representing five regions and five types of products. Findings The analysis is limited to one geographical factor, i.e. the region of origin and factors related to the producer, i.e. the age and the size of the firm. The results conclude on the importance of geographical factors related to the region of origin. The relationship between the price of ciders and the region of origin is statistically significant at the 1 percent level for two regions and shows a high premium for ciders produced in these two regions. Production factors related to the age and the size of the production unit although showing the expected sign are not statistically significant to conclude on the impact. There is a small premium for producing effervescent cider compared to still or rosé cider but the most statistically significant results at a 1 percent level are for ice ciders and fortified ciders which are two typical products from Québec. Research limitations/implications The analysis has important potential implications on the role of certification of origin. Cider regions in Québec, Canada have recently defined quality standards applied to specialties like Ice cider and Fire ciders. The choice of high quality products is reflected in the premium associated to the price of these products. Originality/value Contrary to the wine sector, there is a lack of research and literature on the determinants of the price of ciders. This study is the first to propose a pricing model to examine some of the determinants of prices.

scholarly journals The Role of Irisin in Alzheimer’s Disease

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (11) ◽  
pp. 407 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oh Kim ◽  
Juhyun Song
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Alzheimer’S Disease ◽  
Alzheimer's Disease ◽  
Genetic Background ◽  
Senile Plaques ◽  
Metabolic Dysfunction ◽  
Lipid Imbalance ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
The Brain

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is characterized by progressive memory dysfunction, oxidative stress, and presence of senile plaques formed by amyloid beta (A β ) accumulation in the brain. AD is one of the most important causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide. AD has a variety of risk factors, including environmental factors, metabolic dysfunction, and genetic background. Recent research has highlighted the relationship between AD and systemic metabolic changes such as glucose and lipid imbalance and insulin resistance. Irisin, a myokine closely linked to exercise, has been associated with glucose metabolism, insulin sensitivity, and fat browning. Recent studies have suggested that irisin is involved in the process in central nervous system (CNS) such as neurogenesis and has reported the effects of irisin on AD as one of the neurodegenerative disease. Here, we review the roles of irisin with respect to AD and suggest that irisin highlight therapeutic important roles in AD. Thus, we propose that irisin could be a potential future target for ameliorating AD pathology and preventing AD onset.

scholarly journals Relationship between Zinc (Zn2+) and Glutamate Receptors in the Processes Underlying Neurodegeneration

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bartłomiej Pochwat ◽  
Gabriel Nowak ◽  
Bernadeta Szewczyk
Keyword(s):  
Nervous System ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Efficient Control ◽  
Brain Circuit ◽  
The One ◽  
Clinical Conditions ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Glutamate System ◽  
Regulative Function

The results from numerous studies have shown that an imbalance between particular neurotransmitters may lead to brain circuit dysfunction and development of many pathological states. The significance of glutamate pathways for the functioning of the nervous system is equivocal. On the one hand, glutamate transmission is necessary for neuroplasticity, synaptogenesis, or cell survival, but on the other hand an excessive and long-lasting increased level of glutamate in the synapse may lead to cell death. Under clinical conditions, hyperactivity of the glutamate system is associated with ischemia, epilepsy, and neurodegenerative diseases such as Alzheimer’s, Huntington’s, and many others. The achievement of glutamate activity in the physiological range requires efficient control by endogenous regulatory factors. Due to the fact that the free pool of ion Zn2+is a cotransmitter in some glutamate neurons; the role of this element in the pathophysiology of a neurodegenerative diseases has been intensively studied. There is a lot of evidence for Zn2+dyshomeostasis and glutamate system abnormalities in ischemic and neurodegenerative disorders. However, the precise interaction between Zn2+regulative function and the glutamate system is still not fully understood. This review describes the relationship between Zn2+and glutamate dependent signaling pathways under selected pathological central nervous system (CNS) conditions.

scholarly journals The Role of Exosomal microRNAs and Oxidative Stress in Neurodegenerative Diseases

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-17
Author(s):  
Xiaoyu Wang ◽  
Yunxiang Zhou ◽  
Qiannan Gao ◽  
Dongnan Ping ◽  
Yali Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Cell Communication ◽  
Irreversible Damage ◽  
Exosomal Mirnas ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Physiological Pathways ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
And Oxidative Stress

Neurodegenerative diseases including Alzheimer’s disease and Parkinson’s disease are aging-associated diseases with irreversible damage of brain tissue. Oxidative stress is commonly detected in neurodegenerative diseases and related to neuronal injury and pathological progress. Exosome, one of the extracellular vesicles, is demonstrated to carry microRNAs (miRNAs) and build up a cell-cell communication in neurons. Recent research has found that exosomal miRNAs regulate the activity of multiple physiological pathways, including the oxidative stress response, in neurodegenerative diseases. Here, we review the role of exosomal miRNAs and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Firstly, we explore the relationship between oxidative stress and neurodegenerative diseases. Secondly, we introduce the characteristics of exosomes and roles of exosome-related miRNAs. Thirdly, we summarized the crosstalk between exosomal miRNAs and oxidative stress in neurodegenerative diseases. Fourthly, we discuss the potential of exosomes to be a biomarker in neurodegenerative diseases. Finally, we summarize the advantages of exosome-based delivery and present situation of research on exosome-based delivery of therapeutic miRNA. Our work is aimed at probing and reinforcing the recognition of the pathomechanism of neurodegenerative diseases and providing the basis for novel strategies of clinical diagnosis and treatment.

scholarly journals Mitophagy and the Brain

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (24) ◽  
pp. 9661
Author(s):  
Natalie S. Swerdlow ◽  
Heather M. Wilkins
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Neuronal Loss ◽  
Cell Stress ◽  
Compensatory Mechanisms ◽  
Lysosome Degradation ◽  
The Brain ◽  
Potential Therapeutics

Stress mechanisms have long been associated with neuronal loss and neurodegenerative diseases. The origin of cell stress and neuronal loss likely stems from multiple pathways. These include (but are not limited to) bioenergetic failure, neuroinflammation, and loss of proteostasis. Cells have adapted compensatory mechanisms to overcome stress and circumvent death. One mechanism is mitophagy. Mitophagy is a form of macroautophagy, were mitochondria and their contents are ubiquitinated, engulfed, and removed through lysosome degradation. Recent studies have implicated mitophagy dysregulation in several neurodegenerative diseases and clinical trials are underway which target mitophagy pathways. Here we review mitophagy pathways, the role of mitophagy in neurodegeneration, potential therapeutics, and the need for further study.

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