scholarly journals Sikap terhadap Kesehatan Lingkungan Masyarakat Ditinjau dari Kondisi Sosial Ekonomi dan Tingkat Pendidikan

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 104
Author(s):  
Supriyadi Supriyadi
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Educational Background ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
The Social ◽  
Sample Test ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village

<p>The aims of this research is to answer the problem whether there are: 1) influence of the social economical condition of the village towards an attitude of the environmental health; 2) influence of the level of the educational background towards an attitude of the environmental health; and 3) interaction between social economical condition of village and the level of educational background in influencing an attitude towards environmental health. All the researches are applied to the Majaksingi society, Borobudur Sub District, Magelang Regency.</p><p>The survey method and sampling technique of the research is done by the method of multistage ramdom sampling. The instruments to obtain the data are: 1) questionnaire in the form of Likert scale to measure and attitude towards the environmental health; 2) poll to distinguish the social economical condition of village and the level of educational background of the society. The technique of data analysis is employing Two Way Anova, with Factorial 2x2 designs. Before the process of data analysis, there is a test of analysis requirement by employing Normality Distribution Sample Test and Homogeneity Varian Test.</p><p>Based on the research result, it is suggested that the social economical condition in less advanced village must be increased by applying the government program which cover the effort to increase the economical condition and to omit the negative social habits which can harm the environmental health. Beside that, the educational level of the society in isolated village in Menoreh Tenggara Majaksingi village must be given on opportunity to increase it. Only employing that way, their attitude toward enronmental health will rise up, and hopefully their environmental health will better. By knowing that there is no interaction between social economical condition of the village and the level of educational background, it indicated tha the theory of interaction cannot be applied to the two variables which have big influence towards the environmental health. The two variables do not depend on each other.</p>

scholarly journals Disaster Preparedness and Recovery Plan for an Island Resort

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheilane S. Mendez ◽  
Jonathan O. Etcuban ◽  
Dunedene J. Dalagan ◽  
Hearty Sol R. Mañego ◽  
Grayfield T. Bajao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Disaster Preparedness ◽  
Local Community ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Natural Environments ◽  
Emergency Rescue ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Descriptive Survey ◽  
The Village ◽  
Survey Questionnaires

Disasters are inevitable.  The island resorts in Malapascua Island, Daan Bantayan, Cebu, Philippines are vulnerable to natural risks such as typhoons and earthquake. In increasing disaster resilience, a model should be based on risk assessment results and be integrated with the strategic planning of the government and communities. It should consider risks and risk treatments across the social, built, economic and natural environments (Councils for Australian Governments, 2009). The study aimed to propose a disaster resiliency model for Malapascua Island, Daan Bantayan, Cebu, Philippines. The output of this study is a guide for the local community in case of natural disasters.  The descriptive survey method was utilized using a two survey questionnaires. The data regarding disaster preparedness in hotel resorts are gathered from the 80 respondents consists of the staff and managers of resorts in Malapascua Island, emergency rescue personnel, as well as the village officials of village Logon and municipal officials of Daan Bantayan, Cebu, Philippines.  Simple percentage and rank were used in the treatment of the data.  Results showed that island is vulnerable to risk and that devised plans for emergency disasters, hazard mitigation, and contingency are needed. The researchers recommended the use of the model. However, further research on its effectiveness should be conducted to confirm the preliminary findings.

scholarly journals Community Empowerment in Plempoh Cultural Tourism Village

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 98
Author(s):  
Angger Hidayat ◽  
Myrza Rahmanita ◽  
Henky Hermantoro
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cultural Tourism ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Political Aspect ◽  
Political Empowerment ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Empowerment ◽  
The Village

Plempoh Cultural Tourism Village possesses a unique attraction such as natural resources and cultural heritage. Collaborating with the government, entrepreneurs, academicians and media, a group of tourism awareness called Pokdarwis Prabu Boko appears to be the central group behind every development of the Plempoh Cultural Tourism Village. However, previous research reveals that poverty still appears in this village, there is lack of community confidence and knowledge related to tourism; and lack of community participation in developing the village. This research aims to study the realization and the level of community empowerment in terms of economical, psychological, social and political aspect. This research used qualitative paradigm with descriptive method and purposive sampling technique. Data is collected using interview technique, observation and documentation. The data is then validated using source triangulation. The result shows that the community empowerment efforts undertaken by village stakeholders have not been optimal because some of the tourism village stakeholders still have not given strong commitment and they have not received trust from local communities. However, there are some evidence of community empowerment progress as follows: (1) the economic empowerment has now reached the fourth stage, namely support level. (2) the psychological empowerment is at the second stage, called reinforcement; (3) the social empowerment of the community is at its fifth stage, namely Maintenance, (4) the political empowerment is at the lowest level, namely possibility.

scholarly journals Gambaran Kondisi Sanitasi Pasar Tradisional Modern Liang Kecamatan Liang Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
I'in Inriani ◽  
Muhammad Syahrir ◽  
Ramli Ramli ◽  
Maria Kanan ◽  
Mirawati Tongko ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Developing Countries ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Environmental Health ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Policy Makers ◽  
Health Inspection ◽  
Traditional Market ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

Persoalan sanitasi di negara berkembang dikarenakan beberapa faktor diantaranya adalah minimnya perhatian dan prioritas yang diberikan oleh pemerintah atau dinas terkait pada sektor sanitasi. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan kondisi sanitasi pasar tradisional modern Liang, Kecamatan Liang, Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan. Jenis penelitian ini yaitu deskriptif. Populasi dan sampel dalam penelitia ini adalah pasar yang ada di Kecamatan Liang yaitu pasar tradisional modern Liang, adapun teknik penentuan sampel yaitu menggunakan teknik sampling jenuh. Analisis data menggunakan perhitungan sesuai dengan petunjuk penilaian pada formulir pengawasan eksternal Inspeksi Kesehatan Liangkungan (IKL) Pasar dalam Peraturan Menteri Kesehatan Republik Indonesia Nomor 17 Tahun 2020 tentang Pasar Sehat. Hasil penelitian menunjukan bahwa dari keseluruhan variabel yang di teliti sebagian besar belum memenuhi syarat dengan jumlah presentase 13,64% atau 6 item dari 44 item, karena presentase hasil penilaian tidak mencapai ≥70 % dan sebagian kriteria utama minimal (KUM) belum terpenuhi. Saran bagi penentu kebijakan, baik pengelola Pasar maupun Pemerintah Daerah Kabupaten Banggai Kepulauan agar menyediakan sarana sanitasi di Pasar Tradisional Modern Liang. Sanitation problems in developing countries are caused by several factors, including the lack of attention and priority given by the government or related agencies in the sanitation sector. This study aims to describe the sanitation conditions of the modern traditional market in Liang, Liang District, Banggai Islands Regency. This type of research is descriptive. The population and sample in this study were the market in Liang District, namely the modern traditional market of Liang, while the sampling technique was using a saturated sampling technique. Data analysis uses calculations according to the assessment instructions on the Market Environmental Health Inspection (IKL) external supervision form in the Regulation of the Minister of Health of the Republic of Indonesia Number 17 of 2020 concerning Healthy Markets. The results showed that of all the variables studied, most of them did not meet the requirements. Suggestions for policy makers, both market managers and the local government of Banggai Islands Regency, to provide sanitation facilities at the Liang Modern Traditional Market

scholarly journals Kritik Sosial pada Kumpulan Cerpen Aud Kelor Karya Carma Citrawati Analisis Sosiologi Sastra

HUMANIS ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 25 (3) ◽  
pp. 352
Author(s):  
Ni Kadek Ayu Sulastri ◽  
Putu Sutama
Keyword(s):  
Short Stories ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Short Story ◽  
Research Result ◽  
Social Criticism ◽  
Moral Value ◽  
Short Story Collection ◽  
The Social ◽  
Methods And Techniques ◽  
The Government

This research entitled “Social Criticism in Aud Kelor Short Story Collection by Carma Citrawati Analysis of Literary Sociology”. There are three short stories that were studied, namely the short stories entitled Wayan Kelor, Siaappp Presiden, and Keneh Pasih. The three short stories were analyzed by structural theory from Nurgiyantoro and sosiology of literature from Wellek and Warren. This research aims to describe the narative structure, the author’s background, and social criticism contained in the three short stories. Methods and techniques used in this study was divided into three stages. The stages of methods and data collection techniques used two methods, namely the simak and record technique. The stages of methods and data analysis techniques using qualitative methods supported by analytic descriptive techniques. Methods and techniques for presenting the results of data analysis using informal methods are supported by inductive techniques and deductive techniques. The result from this research is structure narative from the three short stories, namely: incidents, plot, characters and characterizations, settings, themes, and moral value of the stories. The second research result is an explanation of the author's biography. The third research result is social criticism contained in the three short stories, namely: injustice in law, education, politic, and socio-cultural. The author conveys the social criticism through characters and themes. This social criticism is conveyed specifically to readers and in general to society and the government. The author aims to make readers aware to open their mindset to their surroundings.

GERAKAN SOSIAL MASYARAKAT KAMPUNG LABALUBA DESA KONTUMERE KECAMATAN KABAWO KABUPATEN MUNA TAHUN 1960-1980

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurwan Nurwan ◽  
Ali Hadara ◽  
La Batia
Keyword(s):  
Social Movements ◽  
Local Government ◽  
Social Movement ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Movement Process ◽  
The People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
The Village ◽  
The City

ABSTRAK: Inti pokok masalah dalam penelitian ini meliputi latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, Faktor-faktor yang mendorong gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna, proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna dan akibat gerakan sosial masyarakat Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna? Latar belakang gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba yaitu keadaan kampungnya yang hanya terdiri dari beberapa kepala keluarga tiap kampung dan jarak yang jauh masing-masing kampung membuat keadaan masyarakatnya sulit untuk berkomnikasi dan tiap kampung hanya terdiri dari lima sampai dengan tujuh kepala keluarga saja. Kampung ini letaknya paling timur pulau Muna terbentang dari ujung kota Raha sekarang sampai kampung Wakuru yang saat ini. Kondisi ini juga yang menjadi salah satu faktor penyebab kampung ini kurang berkembang baik dibidang ekonomi, sosial politik, pendidikan maupun di bidang kebudayaan. Keadaan ini diperparah lagi dengan sifat dan karakter penduduknya yang masih sangat primitif. Faktor yang mendorong adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna adalah adanya ketidaksesuaian antara keinginan pemerintah setempat dan masyarakat yang mendiami Kampung Labaluba pada waktu itu. Sedangkan proses gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna bermula ketika pemerintah seolah memaksakan kehendaknya kepada rakyat yang menyebabkan rakyat tidak setuju dengan kebijakan tersebut. Akibat yang ditimbulkan dari adanya gerakan sosial masyarakat Kampung Labaluba Desa Kontumere Kecamatan Kabawo Kabupaten Muna terbagi dua yaitu akibat positif dan akibat negatif.Kata Kunci: Gerakan Sosial, Factor dan Dampaknya ABSTRACT: The main issues in this study include the background of the social movement of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, Factors that encourage social movements of Labaluba Kampung Sub-village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District, Muna District, the social movement process of Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo Sub-District Muna Regency and due to Labaluba community social movements Kontumere Village Kabawo District Muna Regency? The background of the Labaluba Kampung community social movement is that the condition of the village consists of only a few heads of households per village and the distance of each village makes it difficult for the community to communicate and each village only consists of five to seven households. This village is located east of the island of Muna stretching from the edge of the city of Raha now to the current village of Wakuru. This condition is also one of the factors causing the village to be less developed in the economic, social political, educational and cultural fields. This situation is made worse by the very primitive nature and character of the population. The factor that motivated the existence of the social movement of Labaluba Village in Kontumere Village, Kabawo Subdistrict, Muna Regency was the mismatch between the wishes of the local government and the people who inhabited Labaluba Village at that time. While the process of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency began when the government seemed to impose its will on the people, causing the people to disagree with the policy. The consequences arising from the existence of social movements in Labaluba Village, Kontumere Village, Kabawo District, Muna Regency are divided into two, namely positive and negative effects. Keywords: Social Movements, Factors and their Impacts

scholarly journals Income status of different fodder farmers in selected areas of Bangladesh

2020 ◽  
pp. 133-141
Author(s):  
S Islam ◽  
J Begum ◽  
NR Sarker ◽  
M Khatun
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Income Status ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Large Farmer ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
The Government ◽  
Revenue Function

Producing and trading of green fodder are recognised as a profitable venture in many parts of the country, but data and information in this aspect are very scanty. The study determined the income coefficient of fodder farm households to study the fodder marketing and processing in different locations, and highlighted farmers problems related to fodder marketing and processing. In this regard, four study areas were selected from four districts viz: Dinajpur, Jessore, Kurigram and Rangpur purposively considering the concentration of fodder production and marketing. A purposive sampling technique was followed for collecting primary data from the field. In the study 3 categories of sample farmers were selected namely: i) Fodder Producer cum seller; ii) Fodder Producer cum Dairy owner having 1-2 dairy cows as small, 3-4 dairy cows as medium and 5 and above dairy cows as large farmer and iii) Fodder Middlemen. A total of 200 fodder farmers were interviewed. Field survey method and focus group discussions were followed to collect necessary data and information. Descriptive statistics and Cobb Douglas type revenue function were applied to meet the objectives and to get the desirable outputs. Functional analysis revealed that fodder sale and livestock rearing and fodder business significantly contributed to the household income of the fodder farmers and middlemen. The dairy farmers having 1-2, 3-4 and 4-5 cross-bred dairy cattle earned Tk. 1,20,227, Tk. 1,91,728 and Tk. 4,17,287, respectively, whereas local cattle earned Tk. 33, 658, Tk. 51,601 and Tk. 1,13,558, respectively from milk sell annually. It was found that fodder middlemen’s income from fodder business highest in Kurigram district and lowest in Jessore district. Fodder processing was not happened in the study areas. Main marketing channels were: (i) Producer cum seller-Dairy owner and (ii) Producer cum seller-Fodder Middlemen-Dairy owner. Fodder farmers faced various socioeconomic problems during its processing and marketing. The major problems were the lack of HYV fodder species, lack of knowledge, lack of input facilities, and lack of marketing facilities. The government should provide HYV fodder, cultivation training, preservation technique, and organized market to the fodder farmers in the study areas. Bangladesh J. of Livestock Res. 21-25: 133-141, 2018

scholarly journals Pengaruh Konsep Diri dan Kecemasan Siswa Terhadap Pemahaman Konsep Matematika

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shinta Dwi Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The Self ◽  
Self Concept ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Direct Influence ◽  
Mathematical Concepts ◽  
Math Concepts ◽  
Academic Year

<p>This research was conducted with the purpose of knowing the self concept and anxiety influence students towards an understanding of mathematical concepts. The methods used in this research is a survey method. Affordable population are students of Class XI Science social sciences academic year 2014/2015 in Depok. Large sample as much as 90 students, with a sampling technique used was a combination of proportional and random, taken from three private schools. Research instrument used, namely the now self concept as much as 37 statement, now as many as 36 students anxiety statements, test understanding math concepts shaped 24 multiple choice question, which has been in test validitasnya. Data analysis using path analysis. The results of hypothesis testing indicate that: 1) there is a significant direct influence on the concept itself against the understanding of mathematical concepts. 2) there is a significant direct influence on anxiety of students towards an understanding of mathematical concepts. 3) there is a significant direct influence on the concept of yourself against anxiety students. 4) there is an indirect influence on the concept of understanding the mathematical concepts themselves against through the anxiety of students.</p><p><br /> <strong>Keywords</strong>: self concept, to the dismay of the students, understanding of math concepts.</p>

scholarly journals ANALISIS KINERJA PENURUNAN DEFORESTASI DI 10 IZIN HUTAN DESA KECAMATAN BATU AMPAR

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Denni Nurdwiansyah ◽  
Gusti Hardiansyah ◽  
Emi Roslinda
Keyword(s):  
Survey Method ◽  
Social Forestry ◽  
Improve Performance ◽  
Deforestation Rates ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Social ◽  
And Performance ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Village ◽  
Forestry Programs

The effectiveness of devolution policies through social forestry programs in village forest schemes is still being debated at regional, national, and international levels. It departs from the fact that the community has limited resources in managing forests in the long run (35 years). The background of this research is to measure the implementation of devolution policy in 10 granted village forest licenses in the sub-district of Batu Ampar, Kubu Raya District, and its relationship with deforestation rates. The study was conducted by survey method and data collection with literature studies and observations. Observation aims to measure the biophysical condition of the forest as well as the social and economic conditions of the community in the village. The data is processed and analyzed using spatial analysis and performance analysis. The results showed that the devolution policy through the issuance of 10 village forest licenses was proven to be able to improve performance in reducing deforestation, especially after one year of the village forest permits were granted. Keywords: devolution, social forestry, village forest, deforestation, performance AbstrakEfektifitas kebijakan devolusi melalui program perhutanan sosial skema hutan desa masih menjadi perdebatan di level regional, nasional, dan internasional. Hal ini berangkat dari fakta keterbatasan sumber daya yang dimiliki masyarakat dalam mengelola hutan dalam jangka waktu panjang (35 tahun). Penelitian bertujuan untuk mengurai implementasi kebijakan devolusi di 10 izin hutan desa Kecamatan Batu Ampar, Kabupaten Kubu Raya, dan pengaruhnya terhadap laju deforestasi. Penelitian dilakukan dengan metode survei. Pengumpulan data dengan studi literatur dan observasi. Observasi bertujuan untuk mengetahui kondisi biofisik hutan serta kondisi sosial dan ekonomi masyarakat di desa. Data-data diolah dan dianalisis menggunakan analisis spasial dan analisis kinerja. Hasil penelitian menunjukan kebijakan devolusi melalui pemberian 10 izin hutan desa telah terbukti secara kumulatif mampu meningkatkan kinerja positif dalam penurunan deforestasi, terutama setelah satu tahun izin hutan desa diberikan.Kata kunci: devolusi, perhutanan sosial, hutan desa, deforestasi, kinerja

scholarly journals Pengaruh Audit Internal dan Akuntabilitas Suber Daya Manusia terhadap Perwujudan Good Governance pada Lembaga SKK Migas

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 93
Author(s):  
Latifah Latifah ◽  
A. Rinto Pudyantoro
Keyword(s):  
Human Resources ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
Internal Audit ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
The State ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Special Unit ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Government

<p>Special Unit for Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities (SKK Migas) is an institution established by the Government of the Republic of Indonesia through Presidential Regulation (Perpres) No. 9 of 2013 on the Management of Upstream Oil and Gas Business Activities. The task of SKK Migas is to manage the upstream oil and gas business activities based on cooperation contracts. The purpose of the establishment of this institution so that retrieval of natural resources of oil and gas owned by the State can provide maximum benefit and acceptance for the state to the greatest prosperity of the people. Based on these tasks and objectives, SKK Migas is responsible to the state and all Indonesian people to work properly, honestly, fairly, cleanly, transparently and competently in order to achieve good governance of state institutions. Therefore, internal monitoring (internal audit) and accountability of its human resources are required. This research has a purpose to test the influence of internal audit and human resource accountability to the achievement of good governance at SKK Migas institution. This research uses survey method with population of all staffs of SKK Migas. Sampling method used is sampling with purposive sampling technique. In this study, 145 samples were taken. Methods of data collection was done by using questionnaires containing several questions with the method of data analysis using multiple regression. The result of this research is to accept both hypothesis which is internal audit have positive effect toward the achievement of good governance in SKK Migas. And the accountability of human resources positively affect the achievement of good governance in SKK Migas.</p>

scholarly journals Penerapan Pendekatan dan Metode Penyuluhan dalam Diseminasi Inovasi Inseminasi Buatan (IB) pada Usaha Peternakan Sapi Potong di Kecamatan Pauh, Kota Padang

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 129-135
Author(s):  
Ediset Ediset ◽  
Amrizal Anas
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Artificial Insemination ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Cattle Breeders ◽  
Quota Sampling ◽  
The City ◽  
Method Approach

ABSTRAK. Penelitian dilaksanakan di salah satu daerah sentra peternakan sapi potong, yaitu Kecamatan Pauh, Kota Padang, Sumatera Barat, yang bertujuan untuk mengetahui pendekatan penyuluhan dalam diseminasi inovasi Inseminasi Buatan (IB) pada peternak sapi potong dan metode penyuluhan dalam diseminasi inovasi Inseminasi Buatan (IB) pada peternak sapi potong. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan metode survei melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumen data. Populasi adalah peternak sapi potong yang sudah mengadopsi inovasi Inseminasi Buatan (IB), Sampel ditetapkan sebanyak 30 peternak dengan teknik Quota Sampling. Analisis data dilakukan secara deskriptif kuantitatif yang dihitung dengan menggunakan skala Likert. Hasil penelitian adalah penyuluh sudah menerapkan pendekatan persuasif, pendekatan pervasion dan pendekatan compulsion dengan baik, sedangkan pendekatan coersion tidak diterapkan dalam diseminasi inovasi IB. Metode kunjungan rumah / usaha tani dan metode demonstrasi sudah diterapkan dengan baik, sedangkan metode kampanye tidak diterapkan oleh penyuluh dalam diseminasi inovasi IB pada peternak sapi potong di Kota Padang.  (The application of extension approaches and methods in disseminating artificial insemination (AI) innovation to beef cattle farmers at Pauh sub-district in Padang) ABSTRACT. A survey was carried out at Pauh sub-district, Padang to understand extension approach and method in disseminating artificial insemination (AI) innovation to beef cattle farmers. A survey method approach was used through observation, interviews and data document. Primary data were collected from 30 farmers using quota sampling technique. Data analysis was performed descriptively quantitative which was calculated using a Likert scale. The results showed that the extension workers have applied a convincing approach in both persuasive and compulsion types. However they did not use coercion in conveying AI innovation. Farm visit as well as demonstration have been implemented well by extension workers, while the campaign method is not applied in disseminating IB innovations to beef cattle breeders in the city of Padang.

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