scholarly journals Procurement and Operation Technical For Meniran (Phyllanthus Niruri) Extraction Equipment

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 34
Author(s):  
Budi Santoso ◽  
Fitrian Imaduddin ◽  
Heru Sukanto ◽  
Joko Triyono ◽  
Raymundus Lullus Lambang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Phyllanthus Niruri ◽  
Wholesale Trade ◽  
Solute Content ◽  
High Heating ◽  
Extraction Equipment ◽  
The Government ◽  
Rotary Vacuum

At this time the government prohibits the use of antibiotics in animal feed as a growth promoter (AGP) or antibiotic, so an effective and safe immunomodulator and herbal growth stimulant product are needed through Meniran extract products (Phyllantus niruri) and chemicals in the market are not yet optimal as immunomodulators and growth stimulants. CV. Maxipro Agrosatwa which is engaged in veterinary medicine, wholesale trade of agricultural products, and other live animals will produce feed using Meniran extract products. Extraction equipment that is needed is a Rotary vacuum evaporator. This equipment is needed to separate the solvent from the solute without high heating which will damage the solute content. The vacuum condition in the flask is to make the separation more efficient as well as accelerate the separation of the solvent from a solution by reducing the boiling point. The rotation of the flask is to increase evaporation. The complexity of this equipment is what makes CV. Maxipro Agrosatwa cannot handle it alone and requires technical assistance from the Department of Mechanical Engineering (JTM) FT UNS. Technical assistance provided by JTM FT UNS is in the form of procurement, delivery, installation, operation, and maintenance of the rotary vacuum evaporator.

scholarly journals Study In Vitro: Kombinasi Herbal dan Probiotik sebagai Alternatif Antibiotic Growth Promoter

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vinsa Cantya Prakasita
Keyword(s):  
Animal Feed ◽  
Bifidobacterium Longum ◽  
Growth Zone ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Growth Promoters ◽  
Antibiotic Growth Promoters ◽  
The Government

Antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) are widely used in animal feed for feed efficiency, stimulate growth, productivity and minimize mortality by preventing infection, but now its use has been officially banned by the government. As a result of the ban, many farmers or animal feed producer seek solutions in various ways such as the addition of herbs, probiotics, and a combination of both, but there are still few reports on the role of herbs, probiotics and a combination of both for alternative substitutes for AGP. This study aims to determine the role of herbs in the growth of probiotics. Herbs used ginger, turmeric, galingale, wild ginger, and temuireng, while the probiotics used are Bifidobacterium longum, B. bifidum, Bacillus sp., and Saccharomyces cereviciae. The benefits of herbs in supporting probiotics were tested using the disc diffusion method. Chloramphenicol disc ware used as control positive. Observation and measurement of the growth zone of probiotics were carried out after incubation. The results of this study prove that herbs do not inhibit the growth of probiotics. Herbal content can be a prebiotic candidate that can support the growth of probiotics. The combination of herbal-probiotics can potentially be an AGP substitute in animal feed.

Operations Research on the Female Village-Based Family Planning Worker Program of Pakistan

1998 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-305
Author(s):  
Louisiana Lush ◽  
George P. Cernada ◽  
A. K. Ubaidur Rob ◽  
Mohammed Shafiq Arif ◽  
Minhaj Ul Haque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Operations Research ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Field Studies ◽  
Family Planning Services ◽  
Training And Supervision ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Training ◽  
Broad Program

This article presents the results of a number of operations research studies (OR) of family planning services provided by a new cadre of female village-based family planning workers in Punjab Province, Pakistan. This cadre of workers, recruited nationwide, have been trained to visit women in their villages to provide information and family planning services. The studies were conducted as part of a broad program of technical assistance to the Government of Pakistan. Surveys investigated the quality of their training as well as attitudes among clients to the new program. They found that the program is developing well but there is room for improvement, particularly in counseling and training. Additional field studies are ongoing and recommendations for change have been incorporated in training and supervision. The program is expanding on a national scale.

Research and industrialisation of Hermetia illucens L. in China

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 5-12
Author(s):  
J.B. Zhang ◽  
J.K. Tomberlin ◽  
M.M. Cai ◽  
X.P. Xiao ◽  
L.Y. Zheng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Egg Laying ◽  
Breeding Method ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Cold Temperatures ◽  
The Usa ◽  
The Government ◽  
Future Work

The larvae of the black soldier fly (BSF), Hermetia illucens L., are commonly associated with decaying organic wastes. Over the past 15 years, investigators in China have conducted extensive research exploring the use of BSF larvae to recycle organic materials as a means to protect the environment, while producing products of value, such as protein and bioenergy. Initial efforts were based on a BSF strain from the USA. However, since then, H. illucens strains from specimens collected in Hubei and Guangdong Provinces have been established and used as models to explore the use of this species in sustainable agriculture. China has played an instrumental role in developing an in-door breeding method using a quartz-iodine lamp rather than depend on natural sunlight. This discovery has allowed the establishment of in-door BSF colonies in regions throughout the world where abiotic conditions (i.e. cold temperatures) are preventative. Researchers in China paved the way for using microbes as a means to enhance BSF production including, enhancing BSF egg-laying as well as waste reduction. Furthermore, bacteria from BSF gut or waste can be cultured and used to promote BSF growth, shorten conversion time, and enhanced conversion efficacy. Recent efforts have demonstrated BSF larvae can degrade antibiotics as well as suppress noxious odours in livestock manure. Due to the efforts of research on BSF in China, numerous companies that recycle organic waste at a large scale (>20 tonnes waste digested/day), have been established. Resulting products include insect powder, and live BSFL that can be used as animal feed ingredients for livestock (e.g. eels and frogs), while protecting the environment. Future work will decipher the mechanisms regulating BSF larval conversion of organic waste so that the system can be optimised. However, efforts are still needed at the government level to establish quality assurance standards if this process is truly to become established as an industry in China.

Gender- and Poor-inclusive Community-managed Sanitation and Hygiene in Urban Indonesia

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Mozar ◽  
C. Sijbesma
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Solid Waste Management ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Action Planning ◽  
Project Planning ◽  
Community Empowerment ◽  
Management Support ◽  
Urban Sanitation ◽  
Sanitation And Hygiene ◽  
The Government

The Government of Indonesia executed the Indonesia Sanitation Sector Development Program (ISSDP, April 2006 - January 2010), with financial support from the Governments of the Netherlands and Sweden, as well as management support from the World Bank's Water and Sanitation Program (WSP). The program assisted a dozen cities to improve sanitation in a wider sense. It covered safe disposal of human excreta and waste water, local drainage, solid waste management and promotion of hygienic practices. The program was demand-based: the cities brought in their own human and financial resources, but got technical assistance for sanitation situation assessments and mapping, sanitation strategy and program development, and finding additional resources for increased implementation. The program had three major thrusts: (1) develop an enabling sanitation environment, (2) raise sanitation awareness and promote good hygiene, and (3) build city sanitation planning capacities and develop city sanitation strategies. The promotion component included development of poor-inclusive sanitation intervention, assisting men, women and children in the poorest neighborhoods to strengthen good and improve bad sanitation and hygiene conditions and practices. Community empowerment is important in urban sanitation development, but at the same time, requires that the social and technical institutions in charge of empowerment and sanitation adopt new skills and techniques for working with communities. Without the right skills to assist the communities, build their skills, and provide some minimal monitoring of performance afterwards, there is a risk of over-expecting what a community can manage. Community empowerment with gender- and poor-inclusive approaches must be integrated into all stages of urban sanitation development, i.e. (1) the organizational development, (2) review of related existing projects and services, (3) formulation of an overall city sanitation strategy and program, and (4) local project planning. Equitably attention for gender and poor is part of the overall organization, strategy formulation, local action planning, program and projects development and implementation, and monitoring and evaluation of outputs, outcomes and impacts.

scholarly journals Screening of genetically modified Corn Zea mays in Iraqi market

2013 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-29
Author(s):  
Ghaith Lotfi Aarif ◽  
Bilal Kamil Sulaiman ◽  
Zahra M. Alkhafaji
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Multiplex Pcr ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Genetically Modified ◽  
Protein A ◽  
Genetically Modified Crops ◽  
Specific Gene ◽  
Maize Crop ◽  
Nos Terminator ◽  
The Government

Detection of the genetically modified crops could be done by screening certain markers usually used in modification. In this study polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technology was used to investigate the presence of the promoter P35s and nos terminator in the genetically modified corn Zea mays. 72 samples of the maize crop collected from inside Iraqi market from various sources, including imported crops and other local strains used for agriculture or for the production of animal feed. DNA extracted from the corn seeds by two methods, the efficiency of extraction was compared between the two procedures, the purity of DNA samples extracted ranged between 1.4- 1.8 of the samples studied, while the ranged values for concentrations ranged from (500-2400) ng /µl, specificity of the DNA extracted was confirmed using Zea mays specific gene responsible for production of Zein protein, a storage protein. Results shows that all the samples were positive for this gene, results of the investigation of sequence responsible for regulating gene expression for promoter P35s and T-nos terminator, should that 10 samples 13.9% of the total 72 samples studied are genetically modified and gave positive results for the amplification of PCR using primers specialized for each of the P35s and T-nos. The results indicated that (9 out of 47) represent 19.14% of the samples studied imported for the government institutions were genetically modified. Multiplex PCR technique used for the detection of two types of the targets at the same reaction to reduce the time and efforts. Multiplex PCR successfully applied for two combinations of either zein and P35s or zein and nos.

POLA FRAUD PADA PENYELENGARAAN BIMBINGAN TEKNIS (BIMTEK) DI SEKTOR PEMERINTAHAN

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 46
Author(s):  
Indah Sri Wahyuni ◽  
Tarjo
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Study ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Work Unit ◽  
Implementation Phase ◽  
Real Cost ◽  
Government Sector ◽  
Three Phase ◽  
The Government ◽  
Reporting Phase ◽  
Local Work

<p class="Default"><em>This study is aims to determine patterns of fraud in the technical assistance implementation activities in the government sector that is in the local work unit in the district X. It’s descriptive qualitative study by interviewing several informants who where directly involved in the technical assistance.The aspects that will be analyzed include three phases: planning phases, implementation phases and reporting phase. The result of this study shows that the frauds in the  three phase of technical assistance implementation. There are mark up of the price and number of participants at the planning phase. In the implementation phase the fraud is within shortening timing and eventually there is technical assistance fictitious, and at the reporting phase found that the fraud pattern is a discrepancy between the letter of accountability with real cost.</em></p>

Progress in Decommissioning of Ignalina NPP Unit 1

2002 ◽  
Author(s):  
Darius Ancius ◽  
Rimantas Krenevicius ◽  
Saulius Kutas ◽  
Michel Chouha
Keyword(s):  
Waste Management ◽  
Nuclear Power ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Technical Support ◽  
Nuclear Safety ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Energy Strategy ◽  
Safety Level ◽  
The Government ◽  
Support Fund

The aim of the paper is to present the Lithuanian legal framework regarding the nuclear safety in Decommissioning and Waste Management, and the progress in the Decommissioning Programme of the unit 1 of Ignalina Nuclear Power Plant (INPP). INPP is the only nuclear plant in Lithuania. It comprises two RBMK-1500 reactors. After Lithuania has restored its independence, responsibility for Ignalina NPP was transferred to the Republic of Lithuania. To ensure the control of the Nuclear Safety in Lithuania, The State Nuclear Power Safety Inspectorate (VATESI) was created on 18 October 1991, by a resolution of the Lithuanian Government. Significant work has been performed over the last decade, aiming at upgrading the safety level of the Ignalina NPP with reference to the International standards. On 5 October 1999 the Seimas (Parliament) adopted the National Energy Strategy: • It has been decided that unit 1 of Ignalina NPP will be closed down before 2005, • The conditions and precise final date of the decommissioning of Unit 2 will be stated in the updated National Energy strategy in 2004. On 20–21 June 2000, the International Donors’ Conference for the Decommissioning of Ignalina NPP took place in Vilnius. More than 200 Millions Euro were pledged of which 165 M€ funded directly from the European Union’s budget, as financial support to the Decommissioning projects. The Decommissioning Program encompasses legal, organizational, financial and technical means including the social and economical impacts in the region of Ignalina. The Program is financed from International Support Fund, State budget, National Decommissioning Fund of Ignalina NPP and other funds. Decommissioning of Ignalina NPP is subject to VATESI license according to the Law on Nuclear Energy. The Government established the licensing procedure in the so-called “Procedure for licensing of Nuclear Activities”; and the document “General Requirements for Decommissioning of the Ignalina NPP” has been issued by VATESI. A very important issue is the technical support to VATESI and the Lithuanian TSO’s (Technical Support Organisations) in their activities within the licensing process related to the Decommissioning of INPP. This includes regulatory assistance in the preparation of decommissioning and radioactive waste management regulatory documents, and technical assistance in the review of the safety case presented by the operator. The Institute for Radioprotection and Nuclear Safety (IRSN, France) and the French Nuclear Safety Authority (DSIN) as well as Swedish International Project (SIP) are providing their support to VATESI in these areas.

scholarly journals Microbiological Method for Determining Macrolides in Animal Feeds in the Presence of Other Drugs by Thin-Layer Chromatography Detection

1996 ◽  
Vol 79 (6) ◽  
pp. 1263-1268 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pantelis K Markakis
Keyword(s):  
Thin Layer ◽  
Thin Layer Chromatography ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Growth Promoter ◽  
Animal Feeds ◽  
Relative Standard ◽  
Layer Chromatography ◽  
Method Analysis ◽  
Feed Samples

Abstract A method was developed to separate, detect, and quantitate erythromycin (ERY) and tylosin (TYL) in animal feeds in the presence of 11 other drugs: 3 nitrofurans, 2 tetracycline antibiotics, 3 sulfonamides, 2 coccidiostats, and 1 antibacterial growth promoter. ERY and TYL were separated from coexisting drugs, detected by thin-layer chromatography, and quantitated microbiologically by an agar diffusion method. Analysis of 125 experimental animal feed samples fortified at 5 levels (7.5–400 ppm) with ERY and TYL and at 1 level (50 ppm) with the rest of the drugs gave limits of quantitation of 2 and 5 ppm, recoveries of 90.3 and 92.4%, and relative standard deviations of 4.3–7.3% and 3.6–6.1%, respectively.

Central African Republic peace deal faces risks

2019 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Central African Republic ◽  
Technical Assistance ◽  
Security Sector Reform ◽  
Peace Agreement ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
Sector Reform ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Rebel Groups ◽  
Armed Violence ◽  
The Government

Subject Outlook for the Central African Republic's peace process. Significance Three months after signing a peace agreement with the country’s main armed groups, President Faustin-Archange Touadera continues to emphasise his commitment to the deal. However, some rebel groups have denounced the government’s concessions as insufficient. For their part, rebels seem more interested in further negotiations than implementing peace. This raises the risks that the flaws in the agreement could become increasingly exposed. Impacts Armed violence will likely continue until the new government is respected by all parties, which may prove challenging to achieve. A sustainable transition to peace will require credible measures for restorative justice, security-sector reform and economic recovery. The government will look to secure more financial and technical assistance from its regional and international partners.

International Labor Organisation

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
pp. 677-678
Keyword(s):  
Technical Assistance ◽  
The United States ◽  
World Health ◽  
Director General ◽  
International Labor Organization ◽  
Freedom Of Association ◽  
Governing Body ◽  
The Third ◽  
International Labor ◽  
The Government

The Governing Body of the International Labor Organization held its 112th session at Geneva from June 2 to 30, 1950. During consideration of an agenda of 22 items, the Governing Body completed the membership of the fact-finding and conciliation commission on freedom of association, decided to establish an ad hoc committee of five or six persons having experience in the field of occupational safetyand health to be appointed by the Director-General in consultation with officers of the Governing Body, and authorized the Director-General (Morse) to communicate the report of the Third International Pneumoconiosis Conference held at Sydney in February and March 1950 to the United Nations Secretary-General and the Director-General of the World Health Organization. The Governing Body also convened a meeting of experts to study the status and conditions of employment of domestic workers, authorized the Director-General to communicate to governments the reports, resolutions and memoranda adopted by the second session of the Chemical Industries Committee, accepted an invitation from the government of the United States of Indonesia to hold the first session of the Committee on Work in Plantations in Indonesia in December 1950, and appointed members of the Governing Body delegates to the third session of the Petroleum Committee to be held in Geneva in October and November. Other action taken by the Governing Body included acceptance of the invitation of the French government to hold the third session of the Textiles Committee in Lyons from November 28 to December 9, 1950, approved the general lines of a program of technical assistance ILO could undertake in the manpower field, noted that ILO had $2,500,000 at its disposal for its technical assistance activities, and accepted an offer by states members of the Organization for European Economic Cooperation which were also members of ILO to make available to ILO $998,000 for establishment of a special fund to finance additional action in the field of migration.

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