Activity of Collaborative Research Center of Okayama University for Infectious Disease in India

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 774-783
Author(s):  
Sumio Shinoda ◽  
◽  
Daisuke Imamura ◽  
Tamaki Mizuno ◽  
Shin-ichi Miyoshi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Active Surveillance ◽  
Collaborative Research ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Research Center ◽  
Diarrheal Diseases ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Enteric Diseases ◽  
Training Courses

The Collaborative Research Center for Infectious Disease of Okayama University in India (CRCOUI) is located at the NICED (National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases) in Kolkata, India. The main CRCOUI research project involves measure against diarrheal diseases based on JICA project conducted at the NICED. Specifically, this involved four study themes: (1) Active surveillance of diarrheal patients, (2) Development of dysentery vaccine, (3) Viable but nonculturable (VBNC)Vibrio cholerae, (4) Pathogenic mechanism of various diarrhogenic microorganisms. Diarrheal diseases are a major health problem in developing countries, so our project confirmed the detection system of diarrhogenic microorganisms including bacteria, viruses and protozoa. Project have been applied the system at 2 hospitals in Kolkata. To spread system use to other countries, training courses were conducted for researchers and technicians from the Vietnam and Indonesia Research Center, then similar active surveillance was started in both countries.

Towards a Real-Time Fall Detection System using Kinect Sensor

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 41-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Baha ◽  
Eden Beloudah ◽  
Mehdi Ousmer
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Detection System ◽  
Fall Detection ◽  
Microsoft Kinect ◽  
False Alarms ◽  
Depth Information ◽  
Detection Rates ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Time Fall

Falls are the major health problem among older people who live alone in their home. In the past few years, several studies have been proposed to solve the dilemma especially those which exploit video surveillance. In this paper, in order to allow older adult to safely continue living in home environments, the authors propose a method which combines two different configurations of the Microsoft Kinect: The first one is based on the person's depth information and his velocity (Ceiling mounted Kinect). The second one is based on the variation of bounding box parameters and its velocity (Frontal Kinect). Experimental results on real datasets are conducted and a comparative evaluation of the obtained results relative to the state-of-art methods is presented. The results show that the authors' method is able to accurately detect several types of falls in real-time as well as achieving a significant reduction in false alarms and improves detection rates.

scholarly journals Forecasting the Number of Tuberculosis (TBC) Using Fuzzy Prey Predator

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
FE. Universitas Andi Djemma
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Prey Population ◽  
Predator Population ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Data Source ◽  
Predator Model

Tuberculosis (TB or TB) is an infectious disease caused by the bacteriumMycobacterium tuberculosis. Tuberculosis (TB) is still a major health problem in theworld, so from this it is necessary to forecast to determine the increase in the number ofTB diseases, and later can be taken in prevention. This study uses the Fuzzy preypredator method. The data source used is data on TB patients at Batumarmar HealthCenter. From the results of this study, it was found that the population of Prey andPredator was sought for stability, so that after applying the fuzzy prey predator model,convergent results were obtained. Prey population and Predator population decreasedfor one month, afterwards covergen.

Perilaku Waspada Stroke Pengidap Hipertensi

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 33-36
Author(s):  
Merry Lusiana ◽  
Tati Nuryati ◽  
Toha Muhaimin ◽  
Rizki Edmi Edison
Keyword(s):  
Infectious Disease ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Developing Countries ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Health Burden ◽  
Cross Sectional Design

Introduction: Non infectious disease is a major health problem especially in developing countries. Among those, stroke always be the leading one that occurs followed by health burden.  Some factors in increasing of mortality and disability due to stroke are lack of understanding of risk factors and awareness to early signs especially among people with hypertension. If the factors those influence the knowledge, awareness, and others stroke alert behaviors are known, promotive or prevention acts could be done by health workers. Aims: The aim of this study is to find out the stroke alert behavior among them that conducted at Puskesmas Cengkareng of West Jakarta on July and August 2020. Method: 116 patients were participated to fill the questionnaire and analyzed with cross-sectional design. Results: Our study revealed that knowledge, perception of utility, and perception to level of disease severity is the most influenced factor to stroke alert behavior.   

Detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in smear negative sputum by PCR

2012 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 2-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Jobayer ◽  
SM Shamsuzzaman ◽  
Kazi Zulfiquer Mamun
Keyword(s):  
Mycobacterium Tuberculosis ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Accurate Method ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Diagnostic Potential ◽  
Total Death ◽  
Smear Negative ◽  
Negative Sputum

Pulmonary tuberculosis is a major health problem in Bangladesh that is responsible for about 7% of total death in a year. This study was conducted to isolate and identify Mycobacterium tuberculosis from sputum and to evaluate the efficacy of PCR as a modern diagnostic tool, for diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis, especially in the smear negative cases. One hundred and fifty suspected pulmonary TB patients (male/ female: 97/53) were included in this study. Single morning sputum was collected from each patient and diagnostic potential of PCR was compared with staining and culture. Twenty five (16.7%) sputum were positive by ZN stained smear. Among 125 smear negative samples, 13 (10.4%) yielded growth in culture in LJ media and 21 (16.8%) samples were positive by PCR. The sensitivity and specificity of PCR in smear negative cases was 100% and 92.9% respectively. Mean detection time in PCR was 24 hours. PCR detected M. tuberculosis in 21 smear negative and 9 culture negative samples. For diagnosis of tuberculosis in smear negative cases, PCR directly from sputum was a very sensitive and accurate method. In conclusion, PCR may be done, especially in clinically suspected pulmonary tuberculosis patients who remain negative by conventional methods.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjmm.v6i2.19368 Bangladesh J Med Microbiol 2012; 06(02): 2-6

Prevention and Treatment of Early Childhood Caries (ECC)

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeffrey .
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Health Providers ◽  
Missing Teeth ◽  
Optimal Basis ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a chronic disease that can be prevented. It commonlyaffects children involving in one or more decayed (with lesions or not) teeth, missing teeth (dueto caries), or teeth with fillings in children aged under 71 months. The disease is sometimesoverlooked, but this condition usually affects the general health of children. Early detection ofEarly Childhood Caries (ECC) can prevent problems which are harmful to children. Therefore,the ECC must be prevented and for teeth that have had dental caries they should be givenproper treatment so as not to worsen and affect the quality of life in children. Prevention of thisdisease is a significant component in any health program to prepare for the optimal basis forthe oral health of children. This condition will become a serious health problem if not handledproperly, and it is a major health problem for health providers throughout the world.Primarypreventive must be initiated since a woman getting pregnant.Keywords: Early Childhood Caries (ECC), prevention, treatment

Salivary and Serum Biochemical Alterations in Patients with Acute Viral Hepatitis

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (3) ◽  
pp. 747-751 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniela Gabriela Badita ◽  
Iulia Ioana Stanescu ◽  
Andra Balcangiu Stroescu ◽  
Dan Piperea Sianu ◽  
Daniela Miricescu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Hepatitis ◽  
Hepatitis A ◽  
Hepatitis A Virus ◽  
World Population ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Biochemical Alterations ◽  
B Virus ◽  
Serum Biochemical ◽  
Viral Hepatitis A

Viral hepatitis represents a major health problem worldwide. Approximately 1.4 million people are infected with hepatitis A virus every year, although given that most of the cases evolve asymptomatically the real number could be even higher. At the same time, hepatitis B virus affects up to 30% of the world population and represents one of the main causes of cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. Thus, it is very important to understand the physiopathology of viral hepatitis A and B not only for the diagnosis, but also for the therapeutic protocol. The present research aimed to determine if HAV and HBV can alter serum and salivary levels of total protein and of 2 important electrolytes: calcium and potassium.

Imaging of Bacteria: Is there Any Hope for the Future Based on Past Experience?

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 772-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Ebenhan ◽  
Elena Lazzeri ◽  
Olivier Gheysens
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Sterile Inflammation ◽  
Ageing Population ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Number Of Patients ◽  
Implanted Medical Devices ◽  
Neutropenic Patients ◽  
Socio Economic Impact ◽  
Made In

Infectious diseases remain a major health problem and cause of death worldwide. It is expected that the socio-economic impact will further intensify due to escalating resistance to antibiotics, an ageing population and an increase in the number of patients under immunosuppressive therapy and implanted medical devices. Even though radiolabeled probes and leukocytes are routinely used in clinical practice, it might still be difficult to distinguish sterile inflammation from inflammation caused by bacteria. Moreover, the majority of these probes are based on the attraction of leukocytes which may be hampered in neutropenic patients. Novel approaches that can be implemented in clinical practice and allow for swift diagnosis of infection by targeting the microorganism directly, are posing an attractive strategy. Here we review the current strategies to directly image bacteria using radionuclides and we provide an overview of the preclinical efforts to develop and validate new approaches. Indeed, significant progress has been made in the past years, but very few radiopharmaceuticals (that were promising in preclinical studies) have made it into clinical practice. We will discuss the challenges that remain to select good candidates for imaging agents targeting bacteria.

Wogonin Alleviates Hyperglycemia Through Increased Glucose Entry into Cells Via AKT/GLUT4 Pathway

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (23) ◽  
pp. 2602-2606 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shahzad Khan ◽  
Mohammad A. Kamal
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Chronic Hyperglycemia ◽  
Main Factor

: Insulin resistance and type 2 Diabetes mellitus resulting in chronic hyperglycemia is a major health problem in the modern world. Many drugs have been tested to control hyperglycemia which is believed to be the main factor behind many of the diabetes-related late-term complications. Wogonin is a famous herbal medicine which has been shown to be effective in controlling diabetes and its complications. In our previous work, we showed that wogonin is beneficial in many ways in controlling diabetic cardiomyopathy. In this review, we mainly explained wogonin anti-hyperglycemic property through AKT/GLUT4 pathway. Here we briefly discussed that wogonin increases Glut4 trafficking to plasma membrane which allows increased entry of glucose and thus alleviates hyperglycemia. Conclusion: Wogonin can be used as an anti-diabetic and anti-hyperglycemic drug and works via AKT/GLUT4 pathway.

Management of Prameha with Mustadi Kwatha - A Case Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Akshay H. Malshikare ◽  
Dr. Sharada Chikurte
Keyword(s):  
Type Ii Diabetes ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Type Ii Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Ayurvedic Medicine ◽  
Type Ii ◽  
Single Case Study ◽  
Major Health Problem ◽  
Major Health ◽  
Uncontrolled Diabetes

Diabetes is a major health problem in whole world. In spite of many drugs available, uncontrolled diabetes remains a challenge. Moreover, some anti-diabetic drugs are on the verge of withdrawal due to its adverse effects. So, there is an acute need for a new effective and safe drug. So in this case study we used Ayurvedic medicine ‘Mustadi Kwatha’ mentioned in Bhaishajya Ratnawali in Prameha Chikitsa. A single case study was done on use of Mustadi Kwatha on Type II Diabetes Mellitus. Significant reduction was seen in blood sugar level fasting and post-prandial.

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