scholarly journals Effect of Physiological Maturity and Germinating Media on Zanzibar Clove Seeds Viability

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 81
Author(s):  
Rian Virvian Hidayat R Pelealu ◽  
Eny Widajati ◽  
Faiza C. Suwarno
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Fruit Maturity ◽  
National Productivity ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Main Plot ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Old Trees

<em>Low seeds quality of the clove tree may attribute to the low national productivity of cloves in Indonesia.  The study aimed to determine the level of physiological fruit maturity and the effect of germination media on the viability of clove seeds. The study was performed at the Leuwikopo Seeds Storage and Quality Testing Laboratory and Leuwikopo Research Installation, Bogor, in October 2017 to December 2018. The material used was the Zanzibar clove seeds from ≥ 10 years old trees. The clove seeds obtained from a farmer’s plantation in Tolitoli District, Central Sulawesi. The study arranged in a split-plot design, with four replications, with the main plot was four levels of seed viability based on fruit colors: reddish-green, pink, red, and dark red. The subplots were three types of germination media, namely sand, cocopeat, and zeolite.  Thus, there were twelve treatments. Each plot consisted of 40 seeds for germination test and five seeds for water content determination. The results showed that the percentage of clove seeds viability negatively influenced by the level of fruit maturity based on the color of the fruit but was affected by the germination media. Good physiological quality of clove seeds characterized by dry seed weight of 2.70  g,  100 %  germination rate, vigor index of <em>73.75 %, and growth rate of 1.19 % etmal<sup>-1</sup>. Among the three types of germination media tested (sand, cocopeat, and zeolite), sand was the best germination media for clove seeds. Hence it is recommended to seeds producer.</em></em>

scholarly journals Harvesting Criteria and Drying Methods to Improve the Quality of Foxtail Millet Seeds (Setaria italica L. Beauv.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (03) ◽  
pp. 168-176
Author(s):  
Putri Aulia Lainufar ◽  
Abdul Qadir ◽  
M. Rahmad Suhartanto ◽  
Sintho Wahyuning Ardie
Keyword(s):  
Seed Quality ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Foxtail Millet ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Maximum Growth ◽  
Growth Potential ◽  
Growth Speed ◽  
Vigor Index

Foxtail millet is annual grasses with grains that are smaller than those of sorghum, rice, and wheat, and is considered one of the minor economic crops but with nutritional values similar to other major food crops. The development of millet as major cereal crop is considered challenging due to the low quality of its seeds, and studies have been conducted to improve millet’s seed quality. We conducted this study to determine the harvesting criteria of foxtail millet seeds based on the change in color of the panicles. We also wanted to determine the drying treatment, and evaluate the relationship between the position of the seed on the panicles and the seed viability and vigor. The first experiment was arranged based on a completely randomized design with panicle color as the first factor (green, yellow 75%, and brown) and drying time as the second factor (0 hours, 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours). The second experiment was arranged in a completely randomized design with seed position as the main factor (base, middle, tip). The study was conducted on two genotypes of millet, i.e. “BOTOK 4” and “BOTOK 10”. The highest seed quality of “BOTOK 4” and “BOTOK 10” genotypes were obtained when the panicles were brown and dried for 72 hours; the seed chlorophyll content was the lowest and water content was 8.88%, with the highest viability and vigor, i.e., germination rate of 88.3%-90%, maximum growth potential of 92%-95.3%, normal sprout dry weight 596-620 mg, vigor index of 33.6% - 21.6%, and growth rate of 18.2%-17.1% etmal-1. The highest seed viability and vigor in “BOTOK 4” genotypes were obtained from the base position, i.e., 78.7% germination rate, maximum growth potential of 83.7%, vigor index of 56.5%, growth speed of 19.6 etmal-1, normal sprout dry weight of 48 mg, radicle length of 3.3 cm) and “BOTOK 10” genotypes from the middle position with 91.5% germination, maximum growth potential of 97.2%, vigor index  of 21.7%, growth speed of 17.0% etmal-1, and normal sprout dry weight 61 mg.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of barley seeds submitted to saline stress

2007 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-44 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodrigo Nascimento da Silva ◽  
Nei Fernandes Lopes ◽  
Dario Munt de Moraes ◽  
Ana Lúcia de Almeida Pereira ◽  
Gisela Loureiro Duarte
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Membrane Integrity ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Saline Stress ◽  
Barley Cultivars ◽  
Physiological Quality

The objective of the experiments was to determine the influence of the effects of different salt levels (zero, 15, 30, 45 and 60mM NaCl) on the physiological quality of seeds of two barley cultivars (BRS 195 and AF 98067). Assays were conducted to evaluate salt stress on germination and vigor. The germination and germination rate of the barley seeds decreased as salt levels increased, reducing the seed viability and vigor. The salinity affected the membrane integrity, mainly in AF 98067 that showed more sensitivity to salt stress.

scholarly journals Seed and seedling quality of three chilis (Capsicum annuum L.) native to Oaxaca, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 50 (9) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jair Sanjuan-Martínez ◽  
Yolanda Donají Ortiz-Hernández ◽  
Teodulfo Aquino-Bolaños ◽  
Serafín Cruz-Izquierdo
Keyword(s):  
Laboratory Experiments ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Green Pepper ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Vigor Index ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
Traditional Manner

ABSTRACT: The diversity of chilis in Oaxaca is one of the most extensive in Mexico. Growers select seeds in the traditional manner; information on its quality is unknown. The aim of this research was to compare the physical and physiological quality of seeds and seedlings of three native types to chili (Huacle, De agua and Pasilla) and of the commercial Green pepper as control. Fifteen variables were evaluated in seed and twelve in seedlings. The laboratory experiments were established under a completely randomized design. Means of the variables were compared using the Tukey test (α=0.05). Results showed that Pasilla chili had the highest values in seed size and weight, which was 1.44 g heavier than the control and 2.09 to 3.73 g higher than native types. Haucle chili and green pepper had a 90% germination rate, while chili De agua and Pasilla chili had germination rates of 51 and 38%, respectively. Huacle chili had the highest germination rate index (29.89) and seedling vigor index (992.25). The top highest values of number of normal seedlings were obtained in the control and Huacle chili seedlings (72 and 88%); also, the latter had the longest plumule (3.36 cm) and radicle (7.67 cm) values. Both Huacle and Pasilla chili seedlings had larger values in height, stem thickness, number of leaves, leaf area and slenderness index than De agua and Green pepper. Huacle chili had good physical and physiological quality similar to the seeds of the commercial Green pepper.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of Gliricidia sepium (Jacq.) Steud. (Leguminosae - Papilionoideae) seeds subjected to different storage conditions

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-235 ◽  
Author(s):  
Renata Conduru Ribeiro Reis ◽  
Claudinéia Regina Pelacani ◽  
Cimille Gabrielle Cardoso Antunes ◽  
Bárbara França Dantas ◽  
Renato Delmondez de Castro
Keyword(s):  
Water Content ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Gliricidia Sepium ◽  
Storage Conditions ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
Plastic Bags ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Cultivated Plant ◽  
Physiological Quality

Studies of seed physiological processes represent the starting point for the sustainable utilization of native or cultivated plant species from the caatinga biome for which germination studies are still scarce. In order to determine adequate methods for the conservation of Gliricidia sepium seeds, the physiological quality of propagules exposed to different conditions and times of storage were examined. Recently collected seeds of G. sepium were analyzed immediately, while the other sample was stored for three, six, nine, or twelve months in plastic or paper bags under refrigeration or at room temperature for further analysis. The germination rates of seeds from each storage regime were determined and these rates compared to their water content. It was observed that germination capacity was directly related to changes in seed humidity. Storing seeds in plastic bags yielded the best conservation, mainly when they were stored at low temperatures. However, even at temperatures near 25°C it was possible to prolong seed viability when their water content was controlled through the use of impermeable packing.

scholarly journals ELECTRICAL CONDUCTIVITY AND QUALITY OF DIFFERENT UMBEL ORDER CARROT SEEDS

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (04) ◽  
pp. 75-81
Author(s):  
Luana de Souza Marinke ◽  
Hugo César Rodrigues Moreira Catão ◽  
Gabrielly Fernanda Francisco ◽  
Ítala Menegon Castilho ◽  
Letícia Rodrigues de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Statistical Design ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Aerial Portion ◽  
Initial Characterization ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Final Score

Carrot seeds exhibit irregular vigor due to the wide blooming period of the crop. Results from germination tests are insufficient to evaluate the physiological potential. Thus, vigor tests are used in combination with germination tests. The objective of this work was to evaluate the quality of carrot seeds from different umbel order and the electrical conductivity under different temperatures and imbibing periods. Carrot seeds from cultivar Brasilia were used to perform the experiments. Content of water, the first and the final score of the germination test, index of germination rate, and length of roots and of the aerial portion were determined in the initial characterization. The electrical conductivity test was completed with replicates containing 50 seeds, in 25 mL deionized water at 20, 25 and 30oC. Evaluations were performed with 2, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24 hours of imbibing period. The experiment was accomplished under a completely random statistical design. The quality of carrot seeds varied according to the umbel order. Seeds of secondary umbels showed better physiological quality. The electrical conductivity test is efficient to evaluate the vigor of carrot seeds with 8 hours of imbibing period at 25°C.

scholarly journals Vigor tests in assessing the quality of signal grass seeds

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (6) ◽  
pp. 3491
Author(s):  
Paulo Alexandre Fernandes Rodrigues de Melo ◽  
Tatiane Sanches Jeromini ◽  
Carlos Eduardo Affonso ◽  
Edna Ursulino Alves ◽  
Cibele Chalita Martins
Keyword(s):  
Germination Rate ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Seedling Emergence ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Brachiaria Brizantha ◽  
Quality Control Program ◽  
Market Requirements ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Germination Vigor

The correct assessment of the physiological quality of seed lots is necessary for the quality control program of companies. For such purpose, tests that detect differences in the physiological potential of seed lots and that meet the minimum market requirements. Thus, the study was conducted towards assessing the efficiency of laboratory tests in differentiating the quality of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés seed lots. Seeds from nine lots were assessed regarding water content, germination, first germination count, electrical conductivity and seedling emergence in sand in the laboratory (normal seedlings, first count and germination rate index), and the results were compared with those from the seedling emergence test conducted in the field. The experimental design used was completely randomized, with four replicates, and the Pearson correlation coefficient between the values from the germination, vigor and field seedling emergence tests was determined. The germination and seedling emergence in sand tests and the seedling emergence rate index efficiently assess the physiological quality of Brachiaria brizantha cv. Xaraés seed lots, providing data similar to those from seedling emergence in the field.

scholarly journals Viability of Carica papaya L. Seeds by the Tetrazolium Test

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 335 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara M. C. Carvalho ◽  
Salvador B. Torres ◽  
Erivanessa C. Sousa ◽  
Danielle M. M. Sousa ◽  
Kleane T. O. Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Germination Test ◽  
Long Period ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Rapid Tests ◽  
Papaya Seeds ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Germination test for papaya seeds demands thirty days to obtain the results, which is a long period for decision-making. Thus, rapid tests become essential tools to evaluate seed viability, and the tetrazolium test is an alternative for this purpose. Hence, this study aimed to establish the adequate procedure to apply this test, in order to reduce the time of evaluation of papaya seeds. For that, four tetrazolium solution concentrations (0.05, 0.1, 0.5 and 1%) and three staining times (3, 6 and 9 hours) were tested at temperatures of 35 and 40 ºC. The experimental design was completely randomized in 4 × 3 + 1 factorial scheme (concentrations × staining times + one control = germination test). It was found that the tetrazolium test allows to evaluate the physiological quality of papaya seeds, thus reducing the time for decision-making. For the test, we recommend using the concentrations of 0.1% for 9 hours or 1% for 6 hours of staining, at temperature of 40 ºC.

scholarly journals Methodology of the tetrazolium test for assessing the viability of seeds of Eugenia brasiliensis Lam., Eugenia uniflora L. and Eugenia pyriformis Cambess

2014 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
pp. 427-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edmir Vicente Lamarca ◽  
Claudio José Barbedo
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Conductivity ◽  
Seed Viability ◽  
Important Method ◽  
Eugenia Uniflora ◽  
Fruit Species ◽  
Incubation Periods ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Tetrazolium Test

Eugenia brasiliensis Lam. ("grumixameira"), Eugenia uniflora L. ("pitangueira") and Eugenia pyriformis Cambess. ("uvaieira") are forest and fruit species of pharmacological and gastronomic potential and have desiccation-sensitive seeds. The development of quick viability tests for the assessment of physiological quality of these seeds is needed. The tetrazolium test is an important method providing fast assessment of the seed physiological quality. Thus, this work aimed to develop a method for the tetrazolium test for determining viability of "grumixameira," "pitangueira" and "uvaieira" seeds. Initially the seeds of these species were soaked in water for 3 h at 25 ºC. Three concentrations of tetrazolium solutions were analyzed (0.100 %, 0.125 % and 0.250 %) for seed staining using three incubation periods (2, 3 and 6 h) at 35 ºC in the dark. After staining, seed viability was determined. Then, the seeds were subjected to different levels of controlled drying and were analyzed for their physiological quality by germination and electrical conductivity tests. The tetrazolium test is a suitable tool for determining viability after staining the seeds at 35 ºC using a 0.250 % concentration solution for 3 hours for "grumixameira" seeds, 0.125 % for 3 hours for "pitangueira" seeds and 0.100 % for 2 hours for "uvaieira" seeds.

scholarly journals QUALIDADE SANITÁRIA DE SEMENTES DE Caesalpinia ferrea: INCIDÊNCIA DE FUNGOS, CONTROLE E EFEITOS NA QUALIDADE FISIOLÓGICA COM O USO DE EXTRATOS VEGETAIS

FLORESTA ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 163 ◽  
Author(s):  
José George Ferreira Medeiros ◽  
Aderson Costa Araujo Neto ◽  
Edcarlos Camilo Silva ◽  
Min Fu Nascimento Huang ◽  
Luciana Cordeiro Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Seed Germination ◽  
Aspergillus Flavus ◽  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Antimicrobial Properties ◽  
Momordica Charantia ◽  
Alternative Control ◽  
Penicillium Sp ◽  
Physiological Quality

As sementes são eficientes meios de disseminação e transmissão de patógenos e, frequentemente, introduzem novos focos de infecção em áreas isentas. A utilização de extratos de plantas com propriedades antimicrobianas são alternativas ecológicas e promissoras para substituir a proteção promovida pela aplicação de fungicidas. Assim, objetivou-se avaliar o efeito dos extratos de alamanda (Allamanda blanchetti L.) e melão-de-são-caetano (Momordica charantia L.) sobre a micoflora e a germinação de sementes de Caesalpinia ferrea. Para tanto, utilizaram-se lotes de sementes coletados em diferentes municípios paraibanos (Areia, Bananeiras, Conde e Remígio), os quais foram submetidos aos testes de sanidade e de germinação. Os tratamentos fitossanitários consistiram de Testemunha; Fungicida dicarboximida (240 g.100 kg-1) e extratos A. blanchetti e M. charantia nas concentrações de 10, 100, 500 e 1000 ppm. Constataram-se os fungos Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium sp., R. stolonifer, Penicillium sp. e Nigrospora sp. nas sementes de C. ferrea. Os extratos de A. blanchetti e M. charantia nas concentrações de 500 e 1000 ppm reduziram a incidência de fungos. As maiores concentrações (500 e 1000 ppm) de ambos os extratos promoveram o aumento no percentual e na velocidade de germinação (IVG), bem como no comprimento das plântulas de C. ferrea.Palavras-chave: Patologia de sementes; micoflora; controle alternativo; germinação. AbstractSanitary quality of Caesalpinia ferrea seeds: incidence of fungi, control and effects on physiological quality with the use of plant extracts. Seeds are efficient to dissemination and transmission of pathogens and often introduce new foci of infection in exempted areas. The use of plant extracts with antimicrobial properties are promising and environmentally friendly alternatives to replace the protection promoted by the application of fungicides. We aimed to evaluate the effect of extracts of Allamanda blanchetti L. and Momordica charantia L. on the mycoflora and seed germination of Caesalpinia ferrea. We used lots of seeds collected in different cities of Paraiba (Areia, Bananeiras, Conde e Remígio), which were tested for germination and sanity. The phytosanitary treatments consisted of control, dicarboximide fungicide (240 g.100 Kg-1) and extracts of A. blanchetti and M. charantia at concentrations of 10, 100, 500 and 1000 ppm. We identified in the seeds of C. ferrea fungi Aspergillus flavus, A. niger, Cladosporium sp., R. stolonifer, Penicillium sp. and Nigrospora sp. The extracts of A. blanchetti and M. charantia in concentrations of 500 and 1000 ppm reduced the incidence of fungi. The highest concentrations (500 and 1000 ppm) of both extracts increased percentage and germination rate (IVG) and length of seedlings of C. ferrea.Keywords: Pathology seed; mycoflora; alternative control; germination.

scholarly journals Physiological quality of osmoprimed Eremanthus erythropappus (D.C.) MacLeish seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 18
Author(s):  
A. M. S. Oliveira ◽  
A. A. Silva ◽  
M. C. Vasconcelos ◽  
J. A. A. Granja ◽  
J. M. R. Faria ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Polyethylene Glycol ◽  
Germination Rate ◽  
Seed Priming ◽  
Potassium Nitrate ◽  
The Other ◽  
Other Substances ◽  
Physiological Quality ◽  
Glycol Solution ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 6000

Physiological conditioning is a technique that consists in controlling the speed of water uptake by seeds, with osmotic solutions, aiming to improve their quality, reducing time and increasing germination rate. Eremanthus erythropappus (D.C.) MacLeish seeds were subjected to priming with polyethylene glycol 6000 (PEG), potassium nitrate (KNO3) and the combination of the two at the concentrations of 0.4; -0.8; -1.0; -1.2 and -1.4 MPa for four, six and eight days. Germination, germination speed index (GSI), emergence, emergence speed index (ESI) and expression of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and peroxidase (PO) enzymes were assessed. E. erythropappus seed priming in polyethylene glycol solution with potentials between -0.8 MPa and -1.4 MPa is not satisfactory because it adversely affects germination and reduces the activity of peroxidase and catalase enzymes. The other substances were not significant so there is a need for further research with other substances and / or concentrations

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