scholarly journals KETAHANAN DELAPAN KULTIVAR TEMBAKAU LOKAL BONDOWOSO TERHADAP TIGA PATOGEN PENTING (Ralstonia solanacearum, Pectobacterium carotovorum, DAN Phytophthora nicotianae)

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 89
Author(s):  
TITIEK YULIANTI ◽  
NURUL HIDAYAH ◽  
SRI YULAIKAH
Keyword(s):  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Production Quality ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Pectobacterium Carotovorum ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Tobacco Production ◽  
Screen House

<p>ABSTRAK<br />Tembakau bondowoso merupakan tembakau lokal rajangan yang<br />berkembang di Kabupaten Bondowoso, Jawa Timur. Saat ini ada delapan<br />kultivar dengan karakter produksi, mutu, dan ketahanannya terhadap<br />penyakit yang berbeda. Layu bakteri (Ralstonia solanacearum), busuk<br />batang berlubang (Pectobacterium carotovorum), dan lanas (Phytophthora<br />nicotianae) merupakan penyakit yang sering menyebabkan turunnya<br />produksi tembakau bondowoso. Evaluasi ketahanan delapan kultivar<br />tembakau bondowoso (Samporis, Serumpung, Marakot, Samporis Lokal,<br />Samporis AH, Samporis CH, Samporis B. Disbun, dan Deli) terhadap<br />ketiga patogen tersebut dilaksanakan di laboratorium dan rumah kasa Balai<br />Penelitian Tanaman Pemanis dan Serat (Balittas) mulai bulan April sampai<br />dengan Oktober 2011. Penelitian terhadap ketiga patogen tersebut<br />dilakukan secara terpisah. Masing-masing kultivar ditanam sebanyak 10<br />tanaman, 1 tanaman/polibag. Setiap perlakuan (kultivar) diulang 3 kali dan<br />disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK). Inokulasi R.<br />solanacearum dan P. carotovorum dilakukan secara terpisah 24 jam<br />sebelum transplanting. Inokulasi P. nicotianae dilakukan dengan dua cara,<br />yaitu melalui akar dan pangkal batang. Inokulasi akar sama dengan cara<br />inokulasi bakteri. Inokulasi pangkal batang dilakukan pada tanaman<br />berumur 2 minggu setelah transplanting. Pengamatan intensitas penyakit<br />dilakukan setiap minggu selama 11 minggu. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan<br />bahwa kultivar Samporis CH, Samporis, dan Deli tahan terhadap P.<br />carotovorum, R. solanacearum, dan P. nicotianae. Kultivar Samporis CH.,<br />Samporis, dan Deli ketahanannya lebih tinggi terhadap ketiga patogen,<br />dengan intensitas penyakit berkisar antara 3,3%-6,7%. Kultivar Marakot<br />sangat rentan terhadap ketiga patogen tersebut dengan tingkat keparahan ≥<br />50%. Demikian pula kultivar Samporis AH yang rentan terhadap R.<br />solanacearum, P. nicotianae dan P. carotovorum dengan intensitas<br />penyakit 23,3-53,3%. Oleh karena itu, kultivar Samporis CH, Samporis,<br />dan Deli cocok dikembangkan pada lahan endemik penyakit tular tanah di<br />Kabupaten Bondowoso.<br />Kata kunci: tembakau  bondowoso, Pectobacterium  carotovorum<br />Phytophthora  nicotianae, Ralstonia  solanacearum,<br />ketahanan</p><p>ABSTRACT<br />Bondowoso tobacco is a local type of sliced tobacco which is<br />restrictedly cultivated in Bondowoso Regency, East Java. There are eight<br />cultivars known, ie. Samporis, Serumpung, Marakot, Samporis Lokal,<br />Samporis AH, Samporis CH, Samporis B. Disbun, and Deli with their own<br />distinctive characters on their production, quality, and resistance to<br />diseases. Bacterial wilt (Ralstonia solanacearum), hollow stalk rot<br />(Pectobacterium carotovorum), and blackshank (Phytophthora nicotianae<br />are the main cause of bondowoso tobacco production loss. Evaluation on<br />the resistance level of the cultivars to the three pathogens above has been<br />conducted at a laboratory and screen house scale in Indonesian Sweetener<br />and Fibre Crops Research Institute from April to October 2011. The<br />evaluation of each pathogen was conducted separately. Each evaluation of<br />the pathogen per cultivar used 10 plants planted individually in a polybag.<br />The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with 3<br />replicates. R. solanacearum and P. carotovorum were separately<br />inoculated on the test plants 24 h before transplanting. The inoculation of<br />P. nicotianae was done twice via the root and stem. Disease intensity was<br />observed weekly for 11 weeks. The results showed that Samporis CH,<br />Samporis, and Deli cultivars were resistant to P. carotovorum, R.<br />solanacearum and P. nicotianae, whereas Samporis and Deli cultivars<br />were more resistant to the pathogens (disease intensity ranged 3.3-6.7%).<br />Marakot cultivar was very susceptible to all of the three pathogens (disease<br />intensity ≥ 50%). Similarly, Samporis AH cultivar was also susceptible to<br />the pathogens with disease intensity ranged 23.3-53.3%. The study<br />indicated that Samporis CH, Samporis, and Deli cultivars are suitable to be<br />cultivated in the endemic soil born pathogen areas of Bondowoso<br />Regency.<br />Key words: bondowoso  tobacco, Pectobacterium  carotovorum,<br />Phytophthora  nicotianae, Ralstonia  solanacearum,<br />resistance</p>

scholarly journals Ketahanan Aksesi Plasma Nutfah Tembakau Cerutu terhadap Penyakit Lanas dan Busuk Batang Berlubang Resistance of Tobacco Germplasms Against Black Shank and Hollow Stalk

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Titiek Yulianti
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Erwinia Carotovora ◽  
Causal Agent ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Diseased Plant ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Black Shank ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Resistant Lines ◽  
Tobacco Seedlings

<p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memperoleh aksesi tembakau cerutu yang tahan terhadap penyakit lanas dise-babkan oleh patogen <em>Phytophthora nicotianae </em>vßdH var. <em>nicotianae </em>Waterhouse dan busuk batang berlu-bang yang disebabkan oleh patogen <em>Erwinia carotovora</em> sebagai sumber genetik pada persilangan untuk me-rakit varietas unggul baru.<em> </em>Penelitian dilaksanakan di laboratorium dan rumah kasa dan semi lapangan pada <em>polybag</em> di Balai Penelitian Tanaman Tembakau dan Serat, Malang, mulai bulan Maret sampai dengan De-sember 2008. Percobaan disusun dalam rancangan acak kelompok (RAK) dengan tiga ulangan. Unit perlaku-an terdiri dari 10 tanaman tembakau cerutu. Parameter pengamatan adalah persentase tanaman sakit. Ino-kulasi <em>Phytophthora nicotianae </em>pada tanaman dilakukan pada 1 bulan setelah tanam dengan cara membuat luka/sayatan pada pangkal batang kemudian diolesi suspensi patogen dan ditutup dengan kapas steril yang dibasahi dengan air steril untuk menjaga kelembapan. Inokulasi <em>E. carotovora</em> dilakukan pada dua minggu setelah tanam (MST) yaitu pada akar yang disayat terlebih dahulu dengan menggunakan pisau <em>cutter</em> seba-gai media masuknya inokulum pada bagian tanaman. Suspensi inokulum yang digunakan 10 ml dengan ke-rapatan 10<sup>8</sup>/ml per <em>polybag</em>. Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh enam aksesi tembakau cerutu tahan terhadap <em>P. nicotianae</em> yaitu: S-2235, S-2272, S-2361, S-2399, S-2400, dan S-2403. Sedangkan aksesi yang tahan ter-hadap <em>E. carotovora</em> adalah: S-2234, S-2236, S-2271, S-2272, S-2298, S-2299, S-2361, S-2399, S-2400, dan S-2401.</p><p>This study aimed to examine the resistance level of 30 cigar tobacco accessions to <em>Phytophthora nicotianae</em>, the causal agent of black shank, and <em>Erwinia carotovora</em>, the causal agent of hollow stalk. The resistant lines will be used as resistant genetic source in breeding process to construct premium variety (ies). The screen-ing test was conducted in a glass house from March–December 2008 arranging in randomized block design with three replicates. Each unit of tobacco accessions consisted of 10 plants and percentage of wilt/diseased plant assessed to determine the resistant degree. <em>P. nicotianae</em> was inoculated on wounded bottom stem beneath the soil level 1 month after transplanting. Whilst <em>E. carotovora</em> was infested in sterilized soil 10 ml with concentration of 10<sup>8</sup> per polybag two weeks after tobacco seedlings were transplanted. The root sys-tems were wounded to facilitate the bacterium enter the cells. Results of the test show that 6 of 16 tested accessions were resistant, ie. S-2235, S-2272, S-2361, S-2399, S-2400, and S-2403 to <em>P. nicotianae</em>; and 10 accessions were resistant to <em>E. carotovora</em> ie. S-2234, S-2236, S-2271, S-2272, S-2298, S-2299, S-2361, S-2399, S-2400, and S-2401.</p>

scholarly journals Generation Mean Analysis in Cowpea [Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp.] under Flower Thrips infestation

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gonné Sobda ◽  
Fonji Maureen Atemkeng ◽  
Ousmane Boukar ◽  
Chistian Fatokun ◽  
Pangirayi Bernard Tongoona ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Generation Mean Analysis ◽  
Flower Number ◽  
Narrow Sense Heritability ◽  
Gene Effects ◽  
Flower Thrips ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Cowpea Resistance ◽  
Predominant Type ◽  
Screen House

Two sets of six generations (P1, P2, F1, F2, BC1P1, BC1P2) of cowpea were developed from crosses of contrasting inbred lines VYA (susceptible) × SANZI (resistant) and LORI (susceptible) × SANZI (resistant). The aim of this study was to determine the inheritance and elucidate the genetic control of cowpea resistance to thrips. The first set (VYA × SANZI) was evaluated under natural thrips infestation in the field in a completely randomized block design with three replications. The second set (LORI × SANZI) was screened using artificial thrips infestation in the screen house. In each trial, data were recorded on 150 individual plants. These included the score of thrips damages using the scale of one to nine, number of thrips per flower, number of pods per plant, pod weight per plant and grain weight per plant. The generation mean analysis revealed that both additive and non-additive types of gene effects were significant. Dominance × dominance was the most predominant type of gene effects for thrips resistance, suggesting that breeders should delay selection to late generations to allow advancement of as many high-potential recombinants as possible during hybridization. The number of genes that control the expression of number of thrips per flower was three and ranged from three to four, for score of thrips damages. High broad sense and moderate narrow sense heritability were observed ranging from 0.53 to 0.65 and 0.14 to 0.36, respectively for all of the traits measured. 

scholarly journals Uji Ketahanan Klon Kentang Hasil Pesilangan Atlantic x Repita terhadap Penyakit Hawar Daun Phytophthora infestans

Agrikultura ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Helmi Kurniawan ◽  
Ineu Sulastrini ◽  
Tarkus Suganda
Keyword(s):  
Late Blight ◽  
Phytophthora Infestans ◽  
Field Test ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Statistical Test ◽  
The Other ◽  
Resistant Variety ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACTResistance Test of Potato Clones Derived from Crossing of Atlantic x Repita to Late Blight (Phytophthora infestans)Late blight, incited by Phytophthora infestans is the most destructive disease of potato. The management that is effective and environmentally-friendly is the use of resistant variety. The objective of this study was to test the resistance of the six potato clones (AR 04, AR 05, AR 06, AR 07, AR 08 and AR 09) derived from crossing var. Atlantic x var. Repita to late blight caused by P. infestans. Var. Atlantic, Repita and Granola were used as susceptible, resistant and susceptible but the most-grown variety, respectively. Field test was located in Ciwidey, one of the potato growing center where late blight is endemic since potatoes are continuously grown. The treatments were arranged in a randomized block design with 3 replicates. The result showed that clones AR 07 and AR 08 were more resistant than the other potato clones, but it still below the resistance level var. Repita. However, based on statistical test on the diseases development (AUDPC), clone AR 08 could be categorized as resistant, equal with of the resistance level of var. Repita.Keywords: Potato clones, Rsistance, P. infestansABSTRAKPenyakit hawar daun yang disebabkan Phytopthora infestans merupakan penyakit utama pada tanaman kentang. Pengendalian yang efektif dan ramah lingkungan adalah dengan penanaman varietas tahan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji ketahanan 6 klon kentang (AR 4, AR5, AR6, AR7, AR 8, dan AR9) yang merupakan hasil persilangan antara var. Atlantic (produksi tinggi tetapi rentan) dengan var. Repita, sebagai tetua tahan terhadap penyakit hawar daun yang disebabkan oleh P. infestans. Varietas Atlantic, Repita dan Granola digunakan sebagai pembanding. Pengujian ketahanan dilakukan di Ciwidey, yang merupakan salah satu sentra produksi kentang di Jawa Barat dan endemik penyakit hawar daun. Perlakuan ditata menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 3 ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa klon AR 07 dan Klon AR 08 memiliki ketahanan yang lebih baik dibanding klon-klon kentang lainnya, namun tingkat ketahanannya masih di bawah cv Repita. Namun, berdasarkan uji statistik terhadap nilai perkembangan penyakit (AUDPC) klon AR 08 dapat dikategorikan tahan, sama dengan derajat tahan var. Repita.Kata Kunci: Klon kentang, Ketahanan, P. infestans

scholarly journals Assessment of Selected Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus Resistant Varieties of Okra in Rabi Season of Chatra District in Jharkhand, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 112-115
Author(s):  
Dharma Oraon ◽  
Anjani Kumar ◽  
Ranjay Kumar Singh ◽  
U. K. Singh ◽  
Zunaid Alam
Keyword(s):  
Mosaic Virus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Yellow Vein ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Local Market ◽  
Net Income ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Yellow Vein Mosaic Virus ◽  
Randomized Block Design

An On-Farm Trial (OFT) was conducted in the year 2016-17 and 2017-18 to assess the resistance level of different okra varieties against yellow vein mosaic virus in Kharif season of Chatra district of Jharkhand. The experiment was conducted in vegetable growing village Gidhour in Gidhour block of Chatra district in Jharkhand. The trial was designed in randomized block design consisting of 20 replications with three technological option i.e. TO-I Arka Abhay (N100P60K50), TO-II Arka Anamika (N100P60K50) and-III Pusa Makhmali (N100P60K50). For assessment related to yellow vein mosaic, percentage infestation in 5sqm and yield q/ha and economic was considered. The lowest infestation of yellow vein mosaic virus was observed in Pusa Makhmali variety i.e. (3.8%) with yield of 132.5 q/ha. It was also found superior in terms of Gross Income, Net Income and Benefit: Cost Ratio followed by Arka Anamika and Arka Abhay, respectively. Farmers’ response was also positive in all respects except the availability of varieties in local market.

scholarly journals Pengaruh perlakuan ethyl methanesulphonate terhadap perkecambahan dan pertumbuhan kentang granola (biji)

Kultivasi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanifah Nuraeni Suteja ◽  
Neni Rostini ◽  
Suseno Amien
Keyword(s):  
Culture Media ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Ethyl Methanesulphonate ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Potato Seed ◽  
True Potato Seed ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
High Yields ◽  
Screen House

Sari. Tujuan penelitian adalah mengevaluasi pengaruh ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) terhadap pertumbuhan tanaman kentang Granola dari biji botani dan memperoleh konsentrasi efektif untuk mendapatkan mutan berdaya hasil tinggi. Percobaan dilakukan dalam dua tahap. Tahap pertama dilakukan di laboratorium kultur jaringan BALITSA, Lembang, yang terdiri dari tahap perlakuan EMS pada biji dengan konsentrasi  0,01%; 0,03%; 0,05%; 0,07%; 0,10%; 0,13%; 0,15%; 0,17%; dan 0,20%; selama 3 dan 6 jam, penanaman biji pada media kultur MS, perbanyakan planlet dan pengamatan planlet. Tahap kedua dilakukan di rumah kasa di Pangalengan yang terdiri dari tahapan aklimatisasi menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok dengan 14 perlakuan EMS yang diulang 3 kali dan pengamatan pertumbuhan tanaman. Hasil menunjukkan bahwa EMS menyebabkan penurunan pada daya kecambah. Pengamatan pertumbuhan di rumah kasa menunjukkan tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun, indeks kandungan klorofil, dan berat ubi pertanaman hasil perlakuan memiliki hasil yang lebih rendah dibandingkan kontrol. Konsentrasi EMS 0,07% dengan perendaman 3 jam dan konsentrasi 0,01% dengan perendaman 6 jam menghasilkan genotipe 3D12 dan 6A8 yang memiliki hasil panen tinggi. Kata kunci: kentang, EMS, mutasi, pertumbuhan. Abstract. The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of ethyl methanesulphonate (EMS) on true potato seed germination and growth of potato Granola also obtained effective concentrations of EMS to produce mutants with high yield. Experiment was conducted in two stages. The first stage was carried out in BALITSA tissue culture laboratory, Lembang which consisted of EMS treatment steps in seeds with concentrations of 0.01%, 0.03%, 0.05%, 0.07%, 0.10%, 0.13%, 0.15%, 0.17%, and 0.20% for 3 and 6 hour; seeds planting on MS culture media; planlet propagation and plantlets observations. The second stage was carried out in screen house in Pangalengan which consisted of acclimatization stages using a randomized block design with 14 EMS treatment repeated 3 times and observations of plant growth, and yield. The results showed that EMS caused a decrease in germination. Growth observation results at screen house showed plant height, number of leaves, chlorophyll content index, and weight of tubers from treatment had lower than controls. Treatment with 0.07% EMS concentration for 3 hours and 0.01% consentration for 6 hours produced 3D12 and 6A8 mutan genotypes which had high yields.  Keywords: potato, EMS, mutation, growth.

scholarly journals Center pivot irrigation management in maize hybrids and the incidence of stalk rot

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (12) ◽  
pp. 840-846
Author(s):  
Irineu E. Kühn ◽  
Mayara F. Cotrim ◽  
Ricardo Gava ◽  
Rita de C. F. Alvarez ◽  
Job T. de Oliveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Irrigation Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Irrigation Frequency ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Center Pivot ◽  
Irrigation Depth ◽  
The One

ABSTRACT This study aimed to verify the incidence of Fusarium spp. in commercial maize hybrids and irrigation management strategies utilizing center pivot systems. The experiment was carried out during the second season in a randomized block design with a split-plot arrangement with five maize hybrids (2B810, MG580, AS1633, DKB290, and AG8544). The plots were irrigated with five frequencies (1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days) in one experiment, and five water depths (at 25, 50, 75, 100, and 125% of crop evapotranspiration) in another experiment. Plant height, ear insertion height, moisture at harvest time, yield, and incidence of stalk rot were evaluated. Neither irrigation frequency nor irrigation depth influenced the incidence of disease. The one-day irrigation frequency provided the highest yield for maize hybrids. Hybrid 2B810 showed the highest yield and the lowest incidence of the disease.

scholarly journals Evaluation of tomato rootstocks to Ralstonia solanacearum and R. pseudosolanacearum in Mata mesoregion, PE

2021 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
pp. 72-78
Author(s):  
Géssyka R Albuquerque ◽  
Lucas P Lucena ◽  
Emanuel F Assunção ◽  
Júlio Carlos P Mesquita ◽  
Adriano Márcio F Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Wilt ◽  
Ralstonia Solanacearum ◽  
Integrated Management ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bacterial Strains ◽  
Tomato Production ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Randomized Experimental Design ◽  
Production Area ◽  
Tomato Genotype

ABSTRACT Bacterial wilt limits tomato production and resistant rootstocks could be important for the integrated management of the disease. Since there is an interaction between local bacterial strains and tomato genotype, this study aimed to evaluate 14 tomato rootstocks to bacterial wilt in the Mata mesoregion of Pernambuco state, Brazil. The rootstocks reaction to two sequevars of Ralstonia solanacearum and two of R. pseudosolanacearum was evaluated in four experiments carried out in the greenhouse using the completely randomized experimental design, with four replications composed of four plants each. Seven genotypes were selected to evaluate the reaction to bacterial wilt as rootstocks grafting in tomato plants ‘Tomini F1’ in a production area with disease history in the Chã Grande municipality, using randomized block design with four plants per treatment in each block. In the field experiment, disease symptoms were not observed in the grafted plants in ‘Guardião’, ‘Woodstock’, and ‘Yoshimatsu’. Regarding all experiments, ‘Guardião’ and ‘Muralha’ showed the best resistance levels and could be used in the integrated management of bacterial wilt and studied in plant breeding programs.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Pemberian Pupuk Limbah Organik Terhadap Pertumbuhan Dan Hasil Tanaman Mentimun (Cucumis Sativus L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 116
Author(s):  
Widiya Satriawi ◽  
Etik Wukir Tini ◽  
Achmad Iqbal
Keyword(s):  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Fertilizer ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Cucumis Sativus L ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Pineapple Peel ◽  
Washing Water ◽  
Screen House

Cucumber is one of the choices of horticultural commodities for farming activities. To increase the production of cucumber can be done by using organic waste fertilizers, such as pineapple peel waste and rice washing water. This research aims: 1) to know the best concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste for growth and yield of cucumber; 2) to know the best concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of rice washing water for growth and yield of cucumber; and 3) to know the best combination of concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste and liquid organic fertilizer of rice washing water for growth and yield of cucumber. The research was conducted at screen house located in Tambaksogra Village, Sumbang Sub-district, Banyumas Regency and the Laboratory Agronomy and Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Jenderal Soedirman University, on Januari until June 2019. The experiment design used was Completely Randomized Block Design with 2 factors and 3 replication. The first factor was the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste, namely 0, 10, 20, and 30 ml/l. The second factor was the concentration of liquid organic fertilizer of rice washing water, namely 0, 10, 20, and 30 ml/l. The results showed that: 1) the concentration 30 ml/l of liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste increased fruit weight per plant compared to the control treatment of 606,02 g : 45,48%, fruit length 15,99 cm : 9,22%, and fruit volume 163,87 ml : 13,37%; 2) the concentration liquid organic fertilizer of rice washing water did not increased the growth and yield of cucumber plants; and 3) the combination of concentrations liquid organic fertilizer of pineapple peel waste and rice washing water gave the same response to plant growth and yield.

scholarly journals Uji Infektifitas dan Efektifitas Rhizobia sp. terhadap Tanaman Kedelai di Rumah Kasa pada Tanah Ultisol dengan pH yang Berbeda

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
M. Reza Alfikri ◽  
Hardy Guchi ◽  
Asmarlaili Sahar Hanafiah
Keyword(s):  
Root Nodule ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soil Biology ◽  
Fixed Nitrogen ◽  
N Level ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Plant Level ◽  
Biology Laboratory ◽  
Screen House ◽  
Infectivity Test

Rhizobia fixed nitrogen from the air and supplied legume and effected to soil fertility. The research was conducted in May 2017 until November at Soil Biology Laboratory and Screen House of Agriculture Faculty University of Sumatera Utara. This research was carried out with 2 stages: growth test at various pH with isolate tested (TJA 1, TJA 2, TJA 3, BGR 1, BGR 2, BGR 3, BGR 4, BALAI 1, BALAI 2, BALAI 3, LP 1, LP 2, LP 3, LP 4 and LAB) and the infectivity test and the effectivity of Rhizobia. The research used Randomized Block Design with 2 treatment: Lime (Without Lime and Lime 1 x Aldd) and Isolate Rhizobia (TJA 1, TJA 3, BGR 1, BGR 3, BGR 4, BALAI 2, BALAI 3, LP 1, LP 2, LP 4 and LAB). The application of Rhizobia’s isolate BGR 3 showed the infektively with root nodule amount criteria(124,00). The isolate Rhizobia’s BGR 3 effectively increased N plant level and N absorption (3,80 %; 31,08mg/plant). Application of isolate Rhizobia was not able to increase the level of P plants and P plant uptake. The best interaction was shown (Plant height 85.00 cm, stem diameter 3.93 mm, root nodule 127.50, N level of 3.80%, N absorption 30.16 mg / plant) by treatment of BGR 3 and Lime 1 x Aldd.

scholarly journals Glyphosate resistance of Eleusine indica populations from North Sumatra, Indonesia

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
KOKO TAMPUBOLON ◽  
EDISON PURBA ◽  
MOHAMMAD BASYUNI ◽  
DIANA SOFIA HANAFIAH
Keyword(s):  
Oil Palm ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Glyphosate Resistance ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Eleusine Indica ◽  
Survival Percentage ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Similar Mode ◽  
North Sumatra

Abstract. Tampubolon K, Purba E, Basyuni M, Hanafiah DS. 2019. Glyphosate resistance of Eleusine indica populations from North Sumatra, Indonesia. Biodiversitas 20: 1910-1916.  Controlling of Eleusine indica populations in oil palm plantations using a similar mode of action of herbicide may cause resistant weed. Overall E. indica populations from oil palm plantations in North Sumatra, Indonesia have never been reported to be glyphosate-resistant. This research was aimed to determine the survival percentage and to classify the resistance of E. indica to glyphosate from oil palm plantations in 11 districts in North Sumatra Province. The research was conducted in the Weed Research Center Field Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Sumatera Utara from October 2016 to August 2017. This research was arranged in a Randomized Block Design with the glyphosate-treatment using a recommended dose of two l ha-1 and three replications. The ESU0 population was collected in the soccer field of Politeknik Negeri Medan (Medan city) was used as a check, and has never been exposed to the herbicide. Parameters were analyzed using one-way ANOVA, and the means were compared using DMRT at a probability level of 5%. The results showed that 276 (65.56%) of 421 populations were classified as glyphosate-resistant, 88 populations (20.90%) were classified as glyphosate-resistant developing, and 57 populations (13.54%) were classified as glyphosate-susceptible. The highest range of dry weight of glyphosate-resistant E. indica populations were found in 5 districts including South Labuhanbatu District followed by the Serdang Bedagai, Simalungun, Asahan, and North Labuhanbatu Districts. The observed resistance level and dry weight range in the present study indicated the failure in controlling E. indica due to continued use of glyphosate and the potency of E. indica distribution into other oil palm estates due to its high biomass production capability.

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