scholarly journals Features of the Immune System Functioning with Persistence of Infectious Agents in Women with Chronic Endometrial Inflammation and Reproductive Disorders

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (4) ◽  
pp. 362-368
Author(s):  
Irina Danusevich ◽  
Eldar Sharifulin ◽  
Uliana Nemchenko ◽  
Lyubov Kolesnikova
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Infectious Agent ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The objective of our study was to investigate the specific features of immune status indicators in women of reproductive age with chronic endometritis (CE) and reproductive disorders. Methods and Results: The observational study involved 81 women of reproductive age with reproductive disorders. The main group (MG) included 50 women with CE (mean age of 29.2±5.34 years). The control group (CG) consisted of 31 fertile women also of reproductive age(mean age of 30.7 ± 5.9 years). MG was divided into the following subgroups: Subgroup A (SubA) included 31 patients with verified CE and an isolated infectious agent from endometrial tissue: Subgroup B (SubB) included 19 patients with verified CE and the absence of an infectious agent in the endometrial tissue. Endometrial aspiration pipe biopsy was performed on days 4-9 of the menstrual cycle (middle proliferative phase) using a disposable intrauterine probe (Taizhou Kechuang Medical Apparatus Co., Ltd, China) followed by histological examination of endometrial tissue. Laboratory diagnostics for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was performed using the bacterial culture method. For the diagnosis of viral infection (HPV, HSV, CMV), cervical samples were studied using PCR. If STIs were detected, the patients were excluded from further research. Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs was performed using the Aloka-5500 device with a 7MHz vaginal probe in two-dimensional visualization mode. The concentration of cytokines (IL-1β, INF-γ, TNF-α, ILs-4,6,8,10) in the endometrium was determined using the Protein Contour test systems (Saint Petersburg) and Multiskan EX ELISA Analyzer (Germany). The percentages and absolute counts of blood lymphocytes (CD3+, CD3+/CD8+/CD45+, CD19+/CD45+, and CD16+/CD56+/CD45+ cells) were determined by the method of indirect immunofluorescence with monoclonal antibodies using the BD FACSCalibur flow cytometer (USA). We found a significant increase in the blood concentrations of CD3+ cells, CD3+/CD8+/CD45+ cells, and CD19+/CD45+ cells and a decrease in the levels of CD16+/CD56+/CD45+ cells, microbicidal activity of oxygen-dependent function of neutrophils, and phagocytic activity of neutrophils, as well as a significant decrease in the levels of IgA, IgM, and IRI in MG, compared to CG. In SubA, compared to SubB, we found a significant decrease in CD3+ cells and CD19+/C45+ cells and a slight increase in immunoregulatory index. The concentrations of tissue cytokines in women of MG were characterized by a 3-fold increase in the level of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, ILs - 4, 6, 10, and INF-γ), and a 4-fold increase in the levels of TNF-α and IL-8, compared to CG. In SubA, in comparison with SubB, a significant decrease in anti-inflammatory cytokines (ILs-4,10) and chemokine IL-8 was revealed against the background of a significant increase in the concentrations of INF–γ and TNF–α. Conclusion: The results obtained indicate changes in the reactivity of the immune system in women with reproductive disorders and chronic inflammation in the endometrium. The most pronounced changes in the local immunity indicators are observed when opportunistic pathogens are detected in the endometrial tissue.

scholarly journals Endometrial Cytokines in Women with Reproductive Disorders

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 526-531
Author(s):  
Irina Danusevich ◽  
Lyudmila Lazareva ◽  
Uliana Nemchenko ◽  
Lyubov Kolesnikova
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Fold Increase ◽  
Endometrial Tissue ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Medical Apparatus ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
Group 1

The purpose of this research was to study changes in endometrial cytokine concentrations in women suffering from reproductive disorders with and without chronic endometritis (CE) to justify pathogenetic treatment. Methods and Results: The study included 100 women of reproductive age with reproductive disorders. Group 1 included 50 patients with reproductive disorders and CE; Group 2 included 50 patients with reproductive disorders and without CE. Later on, all patients were divided into the following subgroups: Sub1A (n=31), and Sub2A (n=16) with an isolated bacterial flora, Sub1B (n=19) and Sub2B (n=34) with the absence of bacterial flora. The control group consisted of 31 fertile women. Endometrial aspiration pipe biopsy was performed on days 4-9 of the menstrual cycle (middle proliferative phase) using a disposable intrauterine probe (Taizhou Kechuang Medical Apparatus Co., Ltd, China) followed by histological examination of endometrial tissue. Laboratory diagnostics for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) was performed using the bacterial culture method. For the diagnosis of viral infection (HPV, HSV, CMV), cervical samples were studied using PCR. If STIs were detected, the patients were excluded from further research. Ultrasound examination of the pelvic organs was performed using the Aloka-5500 device with a 7MHz vaginal probe in two-dimensional visualization mode. The concentration of cytokines (IL-1β, INF-γ, TNF-α, ILs-4,6,8,10) in the endometrium was determined using the Protein Contour test systems (Saint Petersburg) and Multiskan EX ELISA Analyzer (Germany). In both groups, reproductive disorders were accompanied by hypoprogesteronemia and relative hyperestrogenemia, significantly apparent in CE. We found a 3-fold increase in the level of tissue pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1β, IL-4,6,10, INF-γ), and a 4-fold increase in the level of TNF-α and IL-8 in Group 1, compared to the CG. In Group 2, we found a 1.4-fold increase in the levels of IL-1β and INF-γ, compared to the CG. In Sub 1a, the levels of IL-6 and IL-8 were significantly higher than in the control group. In Sub1A, the isolated bacterial flora caused a cytokine inflammatory response characterized by a significant increase in the concentration of INF-γ and TNF-α, compared to Sub2A and Sub2B (P<0.05). In Sub1A, we found a tendency towards a decrease in the tissue levels of IL-4 compared to Sub1B and Sub2B; the IL-10 level was significantly lower than in Sub2B (P=0.0009) Conclusion: The results obtained in the present study showed the peculiarities of changes in cytokines at the level of endometrial tissue both in chronic inflammation of the endometrium and in its absence in women with reproductive disorders. The severity of the immune response is significantly higher in patients with CE, with the most significant change in the role of IL-10.

scholarly journals Plasma levels of melatonin, certain cytokines and placental growth factor at non-pharmacological correction of pineal function in pregnant women with intrauterine growth restriction

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Berbets ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Growth Factor ◽  
Pineal Gland ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Proinflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Placental Growth Factor ◽  
Placental Insufficiency ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

The pineal gland produces the important hormone melatonin, the level of which in the blood of pregnant women decreases in case of placental insufficiency. The effect of dysfunction of the pineal gland on the immune system of pregnant women and on the angiogenic activity of the placenta during pregnancy remains insufficiently studied. Objective: to establish the effect of our method of non-drug correction of function of pineal gland on the state of the cytokine part of the immune system and on the synthesis of placental growth factor (PlGF) in pregnant women with placental insufficiency manifesting as fetal intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR). Material and methods. 46 pregnant women with IUGR at 30-36 weeks of gestation were examined. The group was divided into two subgroups: with non-drug correction of the pineal gland function (n = 25) and without correction (n = 21). The method of correction included a set of measures of following of lighting regimen, activity and sleep for 14 days. The control group consisted of 20 women with uncomplicated pregnancy. Levels of melatonin, PlGF, TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-4, IL-10 were determined in the venous blood by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Results. It was established that the concentration of melatonin in the blood of pregnant women with IUGR was significantly reduced, as well as the concentration of PlGF (p < 0.01). Significant changes were also found in pregnant women with placental insufficiency, namely, increased concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines, such as TNF-α (p < 0.05), IL-1-β (p < 0.001) and IL-6 (p < 0.05), comparing to healthy pregnant women. Also, in the group of pregnant women with IUGR the levels of anti-inflammatory cytokines IL-4 (p <0.001) and IL-10 (p < 0.001) were elevated in comparison to the control group. After application of the developed complex of non-drug correction of pineal gland function, the concentration of melatonin in the blood of pregnant women in the subgroup of correction increased significantly, comparing to the subgroup without correction (p < 0.001), as well as the level of PlGF (p < 0.05). Also, significantly lower levels of proinflammatory cytokines TNF-α, IL-1-β and IL-6 were observed in pregnant women in the subgroup of correction (p < 0.01). Regarding anti-inflammatory cytokines, under the influence of the developed complex of measures there was a decrease in the level of IL-4 and an increase in the level of IL-10 (p < 0.01). Conclusions. When the measures, aimed at non-drug correction of function of pineal gland, are applied in pregnant women with placental insufficiency, manifested as IUGR, the following changes are observed: increased of plasma levels of melatonin and placental growth factor, decreased of levels of proinflammatory cytokines. We suggest that the pineal gland exerts its effect on the immune system through melatonin, which moderates the activity of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, thereby reducing the influence of inflammation on placental tissue, what results in increasing of concentrations of placental growth factor in the blood of pregnant women.

Abstract 088: Chronic Efferent Vagal Stimulation Enhances Norepinephrine-mediated Inhibition of Splenic Pro-inflammatory Cytokine Release in Lupus Hypertension

Hypertension ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 68 (suppl_1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Grace S Pham ◽  
Amber S Fairley ◽  
Keisa W Mathis
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Lupus Erythematosus ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokine ◽  
Vagal Stimulation ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Cytokine Release ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Stimulation Of ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Hypertension is prevalent in the autoimmune disease systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), occurring with alarming frequency in reproductive-age women. Recent studies implicate the adaptive immune system in the development and maintenance of hypertension, and neuroimmune pathways may regulate this source of inflammation. One example is the cholinergic anti-inflammatory pathway (CAP), an endogenous nerve-to-spleen mechanism that regulates splenic pro-inflammatory cytokine release. We hypothesized that this pathway is impaired in SLE and that chronic stimulation of the CAP at the level of the efferent vagus nerve would attenuate hypertension in SLE. Starting at 30 and 32 weeks of age, female NZBWF1 SLE mice and NZW control mice were treated with the pharmacologic efferent vagal stimulators CNI-1493 (CNI; 8mg/kg; twice weekly; i.p.) or galantamine (GAL; 4mg/kg; daily; i.p.), or saline. At 34 weeks of age, we measured mean arterial pressure (MAP), finding that MAP (mmHg) in SLE mice was elevated compared to controls (139.83 ± 4.56 vs. 120.70 ± 2.96; n=4-6/group, p = 0.002), while the rise in MAP was prevented by CNI (134.45 ± 3.07)and GAL (129.25 ± 3.97) in SLE mice. We further hypothesized that splenocytes isolated from SLE mice conditioned by efferent vagal stimulation would release fewer pro-inflammatory cytokines in the presence of norepinephrine, which stimulates splenic β2 adrenergic receptors. We incubated isolated splenocytes for 24 hours at 37°C with and without norepinephrine (100 μM), then measured pro-inflammatory cytokines in the supernatant via ELISA. Compared to control mice, splenocytes from SLE mice secreted 70.7% and 146.5% higher concentrations of IL-6 and TNF-α (8.24 vs. 4.83 and 2.79 vs. 1.13 pg/mL, respectively; n=2/group) in the presence of norepinephrine. Compared to saline-treated SLE mice, splenocytes from CNI and GAL-treated SLE mice released fewer cytokines when incubated with norepinephrine (8.24 vs. 5.31 and 5.79 pg/mL IL-6; 2.79 vs. 2.18 and 0.81 pg/mL TNF-α; n=2/group). These in vivo and in vitro data suggest that stimulation of the CAP at the level of the efferent vagus may promote anti-inflammatory splenocyte activity, which may be protective against hypertension in the setting of chronic inflammation.

scholarly journals Effects of Various Densities of 50 Hz Electromagnetic Field on Serum IL-9, IL-10, and TNF-α Levels

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-32
Author(s):  
Hanie Mahaki ◽  
Naghi Jabarivasal ◽  
Khosro Sardarian ◽  
Alireza Zamani
Keyword(s):  
Immune System ◽  
Magnetic Flux ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Male Rats ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Pro Inflammatory Cytokines

Background: Extremely low-frequency electromagnetic fields (ELF-EMFs) are abundantly produced in modern societies. In recent years, interest in the possible effects of ELF-EMFs on the immune system has progressively increased. Objective: To examine the effects of ELF-EMFs with magnetic flux densities of 1, 100, 500, and 2000 µT on the serum levels of interleukin (IL)-9, IL-10, and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α). Methods: 80 adult male rats were exposed to ELF-EMFs at a frequency of 50 Hz for 2 h/day for 60 days. The serum cytokines were measured at two phases of pre- and post-stimulation of the immune system by human serum albumin (HSA). Results: Serum levels of IL-9 and TNF-α, as pro-inflammatory cytokines, were decreased due to 50 Hz EMFs exposure compared with the controls in the pre- and post-stimulation phases. On the contrary, exposures to 1 and 100 µT 50 Hz EMFs increased the levels of antiinflammatory cytokine, and IL-10 only in the pre-stimulation phase. In the post-stimulation phase, the mean level of serum IL-10 was not changed in the experimental groups. Conclusion: The magnetic flux densities of 1 and 100 µT 50 Hz EMFs had more immunological effects than EMFs with higher densities. Exposure to 50 Hz EMFs may activate anti-inflammatory effects in rats, by down-modulation of pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-9 and TNF-α) and induction of the anti-inflammatory cytokine (IL-10).

AAnti-Inflammatory Effects of Plasma Circulating Exosomes Obtained from Normal-Weight and Obese Subjects on Hepatocytes

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reza Afrisham ◽  
Sahar Sadegh-Nejadi ◽  
Reza Meshkani ◽  
Solaleh Emamgholipour ◽  
Molood Bagherieh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Hepg2 Cells ◽  
Human Liver ◽  
Liver Cells ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
Protein Levels ◽  
Human Liver Cells ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Introduction: Obesity is a disorder with low-grade chronic inflammation that plays a key role in the hepatic inflammation and steatosis. Moreover, there are studies to support the role of exosomes in the cellular communications, the regulation of metabolic homeostasis and immunomodulatory activity. Accordingly, we aimed to evaluate the influence of plasma circulating exosomes derived from females with normal-weight and obesity on the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in human liver cells. Methods: Plasma circulating exosomes were isolated from four normal (N-Exo) and four obese (O-Exo) women. The exosomes were characterized and approved for CD63 expression (common exosomal protein marker) and morphology/size using the western blot and TEM methods, respectively. The exosomes were used for stimulation of HepG2 cells in vitro. After 24 h incubation, the protein levels of TNF-α,IL-6, and IL-1β were measured in the culture supernatant of HepG2 cells using the ELISA kit. Results: The protein levels of IL-6 and TNF-α in the cells treated with O-Exo and N-Exo reduced significantly in comparison with control group (P=0.039 and P<0.001 respectively), while significance differences were not found between normal and obese groups (P=0.808, and P=0.978 respectively). However, no significant differences were found between three groups in term of IL-1β levels (P=0.069). Based on the correlation analysis, the protein levels of IL-6 were positively correlated with TNF-α (r 0.978, P<0.001). Conclusion: These findings suggest that plasma circulating exosomes have probably anti-inflammatory properties independently from body mass index and may decrease the secretion of inflammatory cytokines in liver. However, further investigations in vitro and in vivo are needed to address the anti-inflammatory function of N-Exo and O-Exo in human liver cells and/or other cells.

scholarly journals Inflammatory cytokines-stimulated human muscle stem cells ameliorate ulcerative colitis via the IDO-TSG6 axis

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shengchao Zhang ◽  
Jiankai Fang ◽  
Zhanhong Liu ◽  
Pengbo Hou ◽  
Lijuan Cao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ulcerative Colitis ◽  
Stem Cells ◽  
Mesenchymal Stem Cells ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Human Muscle ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Muscle Stem Cells ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Ifn Γ ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Abstract Background Muscle stem cells (MuSCs) are absolutely required for the formation, repair, and regeneration of skeletal muscle tissue. Increasing evidence demonstrated that tissue stem cells, especially mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), can exert therapeutic effects on various degenerative and inflammatory disorders based on their immunoregulatory properties. Human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) treated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) were reported to possess anti-inflammatory functions by producing TNF-stimulated gene 6 (TSG-6). However, whether human muscle stem cells (hMuSCs) also possess TSG-6 mediated anti-inflammatory functions has not been explored. Methods The ulcerative colitis mouse model was established by subjecting mice to dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) in drinking water for 7 days. hMuSCs were pretreated with IFN-γ and TNF-α for 48 h and were then transplanted intravenously at day 2 of DSS administration. Body weights were monitored daily. Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) and TSG-6 in hMuSCs were knocked down with short hairpin RNA (shRNA) and small interfering RNA (siRNA), respectively. Colon tissues were collected for length measurement and histopathological examination. The serum level of IL-6 in mice was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Real-time PCR and Western blot analysis were performed to evaluate gene expression. Results hMuSCs treated with inflammatory factors significantly ameliorated inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) symptoms. IDO and TSG-6 were greatly upregulated and required for the beneficial effects of hMuSCs on IBD. Mechanistically, the tryptophan metabolites, kynurenine (KYN) or kynurenic acid (KYNA) produced by IDO, augmented the expression of TSG-6 through activating their common receptor aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR). Conclusion Inflammatory cytokines-treated hMuSCs can alleviate DSS-induced colitis through IDO-mediated TSG-6 production.

scholarly journals Age and Sport Intensity-Dependent Changes in Cytokines and Telomere Length in Elite Athletes

Antioxidants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 1035
Author(s):  
Maha Sellami ◽  
Shamma Al-muraikhy ◽  
Hend Al-Jaber ◽  
Hadaia Al-Amri ◽  
Layla Al-Mansoori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Telomere Length ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Elite Athletes ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Moderate Intensity ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Background: Exercise-associated immune response plays a crucial role in the aging process. The aim of this study is to investigate the effect of sport intensity on cytokine levels, oxidative stress markers and telomere length in aging elite athletes. Methods: In this study, 80 blood samples from consenting elite athletes were collected for anti-doping analysis at an anti-doping laboratory in Italy (FMSI). Participants were divided into three groups according to their sport intensity: low-intensity skills and power sports (LI, n = 18); moderate-intensity mixed soccer players (MI, n = 31); and high-intensity endurance sports (HI, n = 31). Participants were also divided into two age groups: less than 25 (n = 45) and above 25 years old (n = 35). Serum levels of 10 pro and anti-inflammatory cytokines and two antioxidant enzymes were compared in age and sport intensity groups and telomere lengths were measured in their respective blood samples. Results: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) was the only cytokine showing significantly higher concentration in older athletes, regardless of sport intensity. Interleukin (IL)-10 increased significantly in HI regardless of age group, whereas IL-6 concentration was higher in the older HI athletes. IL-8 showed a significant interaction with sport intensity in different age groups. Overall, significant positive correlations among levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-8 and TNF-α were identified. The antioxidant catalase activity was positively correlated with levels of TNF-α. Telomere length increased significantly with sport intensity, especially in the younger group. Conclusion: HI had longer telomeres and higher levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, suggesting less aging in HI compared to low and moderate counterparts in association with heightened immune response. Investigation of the functional significance of these associations on the health and performance of elite athletes is warranted.

scholarly journals Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines in the First Trimester—Comparison of Missed Miscarriage and Normal Pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8538
Author(s):  
Maciej Kwiatek ◽  
Tomasz Gęca ◽  
Anna Kwaśniewska
Keyword(s):  
Immune Response ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
First Trimester ◽  
Normal Pregnancy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Cytokine Levels ◽  
Anti Inflammatory ◽  
Tgf Β1

The advantage in response of Th2 over Th1 is observed in normal pregnancy in peripheral blood. A disturbance of this balance can lead to symptoms of miscarriage and pregnancy loss. The aim of this study was to evaluate the pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines in sera of women who were diagnosed with missed miscarriage in the first trimester and to compare this systemic immune response to the response in women with normal pregnancy. The study group consisted of 61 patients diagnosed with missed miscarriage. In total, 19 healthy women with uncomplicated first trimester created the control group. Cytokines were determined in the maternal serum by ELISA. The analysis included INF-γ, TNF-α, Il-1β, Il-4, Il-5, Il-6, Il-9, Il-10, Il-13 and TGF-β1. Th1 cytokine levels in the study group reached slightly higher values for INF-γ, Il-1β and slightly lower for IL-6 and TNF-α. In turn, Th2 cytokine levels in the study group were slightly higher (Il-9, Il-13), significantly higher (Il4, p = 0.015; Il-5, p = 0.0003) or showed no differences with the control group (Il-10). Slightly lower concentration involved only TGF-β1. Analysis of the correlation between levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines resulted in some discrepancies, without showing predominance of a specific immune response. The results did not confirm that women with missed miscarriage had an advantage in any type of immune response in comparison to women with normal pregnancy.

scholarly journals HIV and infertility: neuro-endocrine and metabolic aspects

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 73-80
Author(s):  
O. Ya. Leshchenko ◽  
E. V. Genich ◽  
M. A. Darenskaya ◽  
L. I. Kolesnikova
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Peroxidation ◽  
Antioxidant Status ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Neuroendocrine Regulation ◽  
Reproductive Disorders ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Women Of Reproductive Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prognostic Assessment ◽  
Hormonal Levels

Objective: to establish a correlation of the main neuroendocrine and metabolic parameters associated with infertility and to provide a prognostic assessment of reproductive disorders in HIV-infected women, stages 4.Materials and methods. Cross-sectional, cohort, clinical and sociological study of fertility of 83 women of reproductive age with HIV, stages 4.Results. The most significant indicators of lipid peroxidation and neuroendocrine regulation systems have been established in patients with HIV infection and reproductive disorders, which will make it possible to predict these disorders in the future. Decreased ovarian reserve, ovarian steroid function, increased pituitary prolactinergic function are associated with a deficiency of a number of antioxidants (retinol, tocopherol, superoxide dismutase) and the development of oxidative stress with a predominant accumulation of intermediate lipid peroxidation products in HIV-infected women with infertility.Conclusion. The pathogenetically substantiated principle of the correction of antioxidant status is the use of a-tocopherol and retinol preparations and the correction of hormonal levels in HIV-infected women with reproductive disorders.

scholarly journals Impact of Cigarette Smoking on Serum Pro- and Anti-Inflammatory Cytokines and Growth Factors

2015 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1169-1173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Hasanzadeh Daloee ◽  
Amir Avan ◽  
Seyed Reza Mirhafez ◽  
Elahe Kavousi ◽  
Mehdi Hasanian-Mehr ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Factors ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Inflammatory Cytokines ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Serum Concentrations ◽  
Medical Sciences ◽  
Cigarette Smokers ◽  
Tnf Α ◽  
Anti Inflammatory

Inflammation plays a key role in the initiation, progression, and clinical manifestation of atherosclerosis. Cigarette smoking is a risk factor for atherosclerosis and cardiovascular disease. The aim of the current study was to investigate the serum concentrations of 12 cytokines and growth factors (EGF, INF-γ, IL-1α/-1β/-2/-4/-6/-8/-10, MCP-1, TNF-α, and VEGF) in an Iranian population, including 192 smokers, comparing these values with concentrations in nonsmokers. One hundred and ninety-two cases were enrolled from the Mashhad University of Medical Sciences. Of these cases, 82 were cigarette smokers and 110 were nonsmokers. Sex and age were matched for the two groups. The serum concentration of 12 cytokines and growth factors were determined using EV-3513-cytokine-biochip arrays, by competitive chemiluminescence immunoassays. The level of serum MCP-1 was significantly ( p < .001) lower in the female group of cigarette smokers (mean = 88.1 dL/ng), compared with nonsmokers (mean = 155.6 dL/ng). There were no significant differences for the other cytokines and growth factors between the groups. Our finding demonstrate the association of MCP-1 with cigarette smoking, supporting further studies in larger population on evaluating the role of cigarette smoking on pro-/anti-inflammatory cytokines.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document