scholarly journals Normal Sudanese Spirometeric Values for Police Men

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barakat Mohazab Bakhit ◽  
Omer Abd_elaziz Musa ◽  
Mohanad Hassan Malla
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Police Officers ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Anthropometric Measurements ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Continuous Training ◽  
Cross Sectional

Abstract BackgroundSpirometric values for police officers in the police hospital, Khartoum, Sudan were observed to show higher values than predicted.1 Reference values are important for diagnosis of asthma and chronic bronchitisMethodsFor deriving a new reference value for adult police men, a cross- sectional study was performed on 161 adult male police officers, aged 20–50 years in (June- December 2012) in Khartoum state in different police units. Data were obtained through a questionnaire, pulmonary function testing and taking anthropometric measurements, forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in first second (FEV1) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) were measured using a microplus spirometer and a peak flow meter. Lung function values and anthropometric measurements were correlated and regression equations were derivedResultsAdult police males had a significantly higher FVC, FEV1and PEFR [3.96 ± 0.56 L , 3.61 ± 0.52 L and 564.1 ± 70.4 L/min respectively] than those of normal adult Sudanese males [3.68 ± 0.22 L , 3.35 ± 0.23 L and 505.9 ± 19.1L/min respectively]. A positive correlation was found between lung function and height and a negative correlation with age. Regression equations of normal predicted values were derived for police officer FVC (L) [0.027 X (cm) – 0.039 X A (years) +0.345], FEV1 (L) [0.0264 X (cm) – 0.036 X A (years) +0.0105] and PEFR (L/min) [1.599 X (cm) – 4.207 X A (years) + 329.349.Conclusionsit seems that the continuous training of police officers produced higher lung volumes and a separate reference values tables should be used for them

scholarly journals Lung function: population epidemiology and concordance in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (Suppl 3) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liam Welsh ◽  
Gayan Kathriachchige ◽  
Tahmeed Raheem ◽  
Anneke C Grobler ◽  
Melissa Wake ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Parents And Children ◽  
Z Scores

ObjectivesTo describe the epidemiology of lung function in Australian children aged 11–12 years and their parents, and explore the degree of intergenerational concordance.DesignCross-sectional study (the Child Health CheckPoint) nested in the Longitudinal Study of Australian Children (LSAC).SettingAssessment centres in seven Australian cities and eight regional towns, February 2015 to March 2016. Families unable to attend a clinic appointment were offered a home visit during the same period.Participants1874 families (53% of all eligible) participated in the study. Lung function data were available for 1759 children aged 11–12 years and 1774 parents (1668 biological pairs).Outcome measuresParticipants completed spirometry with measures including forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC) and mid expiratory flow (MEF), converted to z-scores using Global Lung Initiative equations. Parent–child concordance was assessed using Pearson’s correlation coefficients and multivariable linear regression models. Survey weights and methods accounted for LSAC’s complex sampling, stratification and clustering within postcodes.ResultsAll lung function measures followed approximately normal distributions. Mean (SD) for FEV1, FVC and MEF z-scores in children were 0.33 (1.07), 0.83 (1.14) and −0.48 (1.09), respectively. Mean (SD) in parents were 0.28 (1.10), 0.85 (1.15) and −0.45 (1.10), respectively. Parent FEV1, FVC and MEF were associated with child lung function with significant positive correlation coefficients (0.22, 95% CI 0.17 to 0.26; 0.24, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.29; and 0.24, 95% CI 0.20 to 0.29, respectively).ConclusionsMean lung volumes were larger but with smaller airway size than international standards for both parents and children in this population sample. Modest associations between parent and child lung function highlight the potential for better identification of ‘at risk’ populations. Therefore, these findings may aid the development of health policy that aims to prevent the onset or limit the progression of lung disease.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic status and pulmonary function, transition from childhood to adulthood: cross-sectional results from the polish part of the HAPIEE study

BMJ Open ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. e022638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maciej Polak ◽  
Krystyna Szafraniec ◽  
Magdalena Kozela ◽  
Renata Wolfshaut-Wolak ◽  
Martin Bobak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Lung Function ◽  
Pulmonary Function ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Social Mobility ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Low Ses ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Downward Social Mobility

ObjectivePrevious studies have reported inverse associations between socioeconomic status (SES) and lung function, but less is known about whether pulmonary function is affected by SES changes. We aimed to describe the relationship of changes of SES between childhood and adulthood with pulmonary function.DesignCross-sectional study.ParticipantsThe study sample included 4104 men and women, aged 45–69 years, residents of Krakow, participating in the Polish part of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial Factors in Eastern Europe Project.Main outcomeForced expiratory volume (FEV1) and forced vital capacity (FVC) were assessed by the standardised spirometry procedure. Participants were classified into three categories of SES (low, moderate or high) based on information on parent’s education, housing standard during childhood, own education, employment status, household amenities and financial status.ResultsThe adjusted difference in mean FVC between persons with low and high adulthood SES was 100 mL (p=0.005) in men and 100 mL (p<0.001) in women; the differences in mean FEV1were 103 mL (p<0.001) and 80 mL (p<0.001), respectively. Upward social mobility and moderate or high SES at both childhood and adulthood were related to significantly higher FEV1and FVC compared with low SES at both childhood and adulthood or downward social mobility.ConclusionsLow SES over a life course was associated with the lowest lung function. Downward social mobility was associated with a poorer pulmonary function, while upward mobility or life course and moderate or high SES were associated with a better pulmonary function.

scholarly journals Prediction of peak expiratory flow rate in a Ugandan population

2015 ◽  
Vol 21 (4) ◽  
pp. 96
Author(s):  
Susan Kiwanuka Nakubulwa ◽  
K Baisley ◽  
J Levin
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
East African ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
African Populations ◽  
Study Population ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
Western Uganda ◽  
Ugandan Population

<p>Background. Peak expiratory ow rate (PEFR) measurement is one of the commonly used methods for assessing lung function in general practice<br />consultations. e reference values for use by this method are mainly from Caucasian populations; data for African populations are limited. e<br />existence of ethnic and racial dierences in lung function necessitates further generation of PEFR reference values for use in African populations.<br />Objective. To generate equations for predicting PEFR in a Ugandan population.<br />Methods. e PEFR study was cross-sectional and based in rural south-western Uganda. Participants were aged 15 years or more, without respiratory<br />symptoms and were residents of the study area. Multiple regression equations for predicting PEFR were tted separately for males and females. e<br />model used for PEFR prediction was: logePEFR = intercept + a(age, y) + b(logeage) + c(1/height in cm), where a, b and c are the regression coecients.<br />Results. e eligible study population consisted of 774 males and 781 females. Median height was 164 cm (males) and 155 cm (females).<br />e majority of participants had never smoked (males 76.7%; females 98.3%). e equation which gave the best t for males was<br />logePEFR = 6.188 – 0.019age + 0.557logeage – 199.945/height and for females: logePEFR = 5.948 – 0.014 age + 0.317logeage – 85.147/height.<br />Conclusion. e curvilinear model obtained takes into consideration the changing trends of PEFR with increasing age from adolescence<br />to old age. It provides PEFR prediction equations that can be applied in East African populations.</p>

scholarly journals Predictors of impaired pulmonary function in people living with HIV in an urban African setting

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah E. Van Riel ◽  
Kerstin Klipstein-Grobusch ◽  
Roos E. Barth ◽  
Diederick E. Grobbee ◽  
Charles Feldman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Normal Lung ◽  
People Living With Hiv ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Impaired Lung Function ◽  
History Of

Background: Studies have associated HIV with an increased risk of obstructive lung disease (OLD).Objectives: We aimed to identify the predictive factors for impaired lung function in an urban, African, HIV-positive population.Method: A cross-sectional study was performed in Johannesburg, South Africa, from July 2016 to November 2017. A questionnaire was administered and pre- and post-bronchodilator spirometry conducted. The predictors investigated included age, sex, antiretroviral treatment (ART) duration, body mass index, history of tuberculosis (TB) or pneumonia, occupational exposure, environmental exposure, smoking and symptoms of OLD (cough, wheeze, mucus and dyspnoea). Impaired lung function was defined as a forced expiratory volume in 1 second/forced vital capacity (FEV1/FVC) ratio of 0.70, or below the 20th percentile of normal.Results: The 98 ART-naïve participants (mean age = 34.0, standard deviation [s.d.] = 8.2), 85 participants on first-line ART (mean age = 36.9, s.d. = 6.6) and 189 participants on second-line ART (mean age = 43.5, s.d. = 7.9) were predominantly female (65.6%). Of the participants, 64 (17.2%) had impaired lung function and 308 had normal lung function. Linear regression identified age (β = –0.003, P 0.01), male sex (β = –0.016, P = 0.03) and history of TB or pneumonia (β = –0.024, P 0.01) as independent predictors of a lower FEV1/FVC ratio. Following logistic regression, only a history of TB or pneumonia (odds ratio = 2.58, 95% confidence interval = 1.47–4.52) was significantly related to impaired lung function (area under the receiver operating characteristic curve = 0.64).Conclusion: Our data show that a history of TB or pneumonia predicts impaired lung function. In order to improve timely access to spirometry, clinicians should be alert to the possibility of impaired lung function in people with a history of TB or pneumonia.

scholarly journals Chronic Respiratory Symptoms and Lung Function of Farmer and Breeder in UTU Village, Tabanan, Bali

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (B) ◽  
pp. 709-715
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Eka Arisanti ◽  
Ni Putu Ayu Widiasari ◽  
Ida Bagus Ngurah Rai
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Vital Capacity ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Smoking History ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Lung Function Decline ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Passive Smoker

AIM: The objective of the study was to determine chronic respiratory symptoms and lung function of farmers. METHODS: The study was conducted in Utu Village, Tabanan, Bali with 84 subjects. This research was observational analytic cross sectional study. RESULTS: Three dominant chronic respiratory symptoms in farmers were coughing (15.1%), dyspnea (13.1%), and phlegm (13.1%). Average values of forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1), forced vital capacity (FVC), and FEV1/FVC were 83.75 ± 34.42, respectively, 81.62 ± 34.30 and 104.90 ± 13.90, respectively. Cough was dominant experiencing by smokers (p = 0.008). Mean of FEV1% prediction and FVC% prediction value was lower in passive smoker group than no smoker group (p = 0.005 and p = 0.03). CONCLUSION: Occupational exposure while farming and raising livestock can cause chronic respiratory symptom and lung function decline in farmers and can be influenced by smoking history and secondhand smoke exposure.

Reference values and regression equations for predicting the 6-minute walk distance in Saudi adults aged 50–80 years: A cross- sectional study

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nawal S. AL-Ghamdi ◽  
Afaf A.M. Shaheen
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Walk Distance ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Reference Equations ◽  
Minute Walk Distance ◽  
Minute Walk

BACKGROUND: The 6-minute walk test (6-MWT) is commonly used to measure functional capacity in clinical and research settings. The reference equations for predicting the 6-minute walk distance (6-MWD) in different populations have been established; however, there is a lack of information regarding healthy Saudi individuals over 50 years old. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to establish the reference values of 6-MWD in a sample of healthy Saudi adults aged 50–80 years, develop regression equations for the established 6-MWD, and compare the measured 6-MWD in the present study with the predicted 6-MWD derived from the previously published regression equations. METHODS: In total, 210 healthy Saudi volunteers aged 50–80 years participated in this cross-sectional study. The 6-MWT was performed according to the American Thoracic Society (ATS) guidelines. Lung function, physical activity, blood pressure, heart rate, oxygen saturation, exertion level of leg fatigue, and sensation of dyspnea were measured. RESULTS: The mean 6-MWD was 396.2 ± 69.4 m. It was significantly correlated with age, sex, height, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity. The predictors of 6-MWD were age and BMI for men, while they were age, BMI, and height for women. They accounted for 25% and 35% of the total variance of 6-MWD for men and women, respectively. The measured 6-MWD was significantly shorter than the predicted 6-MWD. CONCLUSION: Saudi populations have significantly shorter 6-MWDs than those reported in other ethnic groups. The sex-specific equations developed in this study are expected to provide a useful measure of 6-MWT for Saudi adults. However, further investigation is required to validate the application of these equations to individuals living in different regions of Saudi Arabia.

scholarly journals Lung Function and Respiratory Symptoms of Petrol Station Attendants in Central and North Jakarta and Its Contributing Factors

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-60
Author(s):  
Putri Suci Ramadhany ◽  
Faisal Yunus ◽  
Agus Dwi Susanto
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Motor Vehicle ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Contributing Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Petrol Station ◽  
Big City

Background: To satisfy growing needs of petrol consumption in big city many new petrol stations has been built. Petrol station attendant is considered to have high risk exposure to dangerous pollutant from motor vehicle emission and petrol fumes, especially while filling up petrol tanks. Combination of those exhaust and petrol fumes is suspected to cause the reduction of lung function. Methods: This research is a cross sectional study in petrol station in Central Jakarta and North Jakarta region between August 2017 and February 2018. A total of 97 petrol station attendants were taken in this research using consecutive sampling technique. The subjects were interviewed with questionnaires, spirometry and chest radiograph. Measurements of sulfur dioxide (SO2), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), carbon monoxide (CO), ozone (O3), particulate matter 2,5 (PM 2,5) and steam gasoline (benzene) concentrations were performed at the study sites. Results: In this study, 56.7% normal spirometry results, 42.3% abnormalities in the form of restriction, 1% obstruction and none of which experienced mixed disorders of restriction and obstruction. Most subjects (84.6%) did not experience respiratory complaints, 10.3% had a dry cough and 5.1% complained of cough with phlegm. There was a statistically significant association between peak expiratory flow and duration of work (p=0.011), but no significant association with other parameters such as forced vital capacity (FVC), %FVC, forced expiratory volume in the first second (FEV1), %FEV1 and the ratio of FEV1/FVC. Conclusion: Prevalence of lung function abnormalities of petrol station attendant is 43,3% and respiratory symptoms at 15,4% subject.

Normal Reference Values of Fetal Atrioventricular (AV) and Ventriculoatrial (VA) Time Intervals and VA:AV Ratio Assessed by Pulse Wave Doppler

2021 ◽  
Vol 104 (5) ◽  
pp. 781-786
Keyword(s):  
Reference Values ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Rank Correlation ◽  
Reference Value ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Time Interval ◽  
Reference Ranges ◽  
Time Intervals ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Normal Reference

Objective: To identify the normal reference ranges of the atrioventricular (AV) time interval, ventriculoatrial (VA) time interval, and VA:AV ratio in fetuses between 18 and 37 weeks of gestational age (GA) and to establish the relationship between AV and VA time intervals and VA:AV ratio with GA and fetal heart rate (FHR). Materials and Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was conducted at Rajavithi Hospital between December 2019 and June 2020. AV and VA time intervals and VA:AV ratio were obtained by pulse wave Doppler over inflow and outflow tract of left ventricle. The correlation of the measurement values with GA and FHR were analyzed by Spearman’s rank correlation. Results: Three hundred seventy pregnant women were enrolled in the present study with 343 participants included in the analysis. The average values of AV and VA time intervals and VA:AV ratio, along with their 5th, 10th, 50th, 90th, and 95th percentiles were calculated from the measurement values. A correlation between each measurement value and GA was demonstrated to be linear [AV time intervals = 91.74+1×GA(weeks) (R²=0.516, p<0.001); VA time intervals = 2.58E2+1.39×GA(weeks) (R²=0.151, p<0.001); and VA:AV ratio = 2.74–8.99E–3×GA(weeks) (R²=0.063, p<0.001)]. A correlation between each measurement value and FHR was also linear [AV time intervals = 1.79E2–0.41×FHR (R²=0.181, p<0.001); VA time intervals = 6.21E2–2.23×FHR (R²=0.811, p<0.001); and VA:AV ratio = 3.9–9.64E-3×FHR (R²=0.150, p<0.001)]. Conclusion: Both AV and VA time intervals are positively correlated with GA but VA:AV ratio is negatively correlated with GA. All measurement values have negative correlation with FHR. The normal reference values of AV, VA time intervals, and VA:AV ratio from the present study may be useful for diagnosis of fetal arrhythmia. Keywords: normal reference value, atrioventricular time intervals, ventriculoatrial time intervals, VA:AV ratio

scholarly journals Influence of asthma and obesity on respiratory symptoms, work ability and lung function: findings from a cross-sectional Norwegian population study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000932
Author(s):  
Geir Klepaker ◽  
Paul Keefer Henneberger ◽  
Jens Kristoffer Hertel ◽  
Øystein Lunde Holla ◽  
Johny Kongerud ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Sick Leave ◽  
Symptom Score ◽  
Work Ability ◽  
Respiratory Symptoms ◽  
Smoking Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Norwegian Population

BackgroundAlthough asthma and obesity are each associated with adverse respiratory outcomes, a possible interaction between them is less studied. This study assessed the extent to which asthma and overweight/obese status were independently associated with respiratory symptoms, lung function, Work Ability Score (WAS) and sick leave; and whether there was an interaction between asthma and body mass index (BMI) ≥25 kg/m2 regarding these outcomes.MethodsIn a cross-sectional study, 626 participants with physician-diagnosed asthma and 691 without asthma were examined. All participants completed a questionnaire and performed spirometry. The association of outcome variables with asthma and BMI category were assessed using regression models adjusted for age, sex, smoking status and education.ResultsAsthma was associated with reduced WAS (OR=1.9 (95% CI 1.4 to 2.5)), increased sick leave in the last 12 months (OR=1.4 (95% CI 1.1 to 1.8)) and increased symptom score (OR=7.3 (95% CI 5.5 to 9.7)). Obesity was associated with an increased symptom score (OR=1.7 (95% CI 1.2 to 2.4)). Asthma was associated with reduced prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1) (β=−6.6 (95% CI −8.2 to −5.1) and −5.2 (95% CI −6.7 to −3.4), respectively) and prebronchodilator forced vital capacity (FVC) (β=−2.3 (95% CI −3.6 to −0.96)). Obesity was associated with reduced prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator FEV1 (β=−2.9 (95% CI −5.1 to −0.7) and −2.8 (95% CI −4.9 to −0.7), respectively) and FVC (−5.2 (95% CI −7.0 to −3.4) and −4.2 (95% CI −6.1 to −2.3), respectively). The only significant interaction was between asthma and overweight status for prebronchodilator FVC (β=−3.6 (95% CI −6.6 to −0.6)).ConclusionsAsthma and obesity had independent associations with increased symptom scores, reduced prebronchodilator and postbronchodilator FEV1 and reduced prebronchodilator FVC. Reduced WAS and higher odds of sick leave in the last 12 months were associated with asthma, but not with increased BMI. Besides a possible association with reduced FVC, we found no interactions between asthma and increased BMI.

scholarly journals Lung Function in Traditional Shellfish Divers in Southern Chile—A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (20) ◽  
pp. 10641
Author(s):  
Lorenz Mark ◽  
Marie Astrid Garrido ◽  
Dennis Nowak ◽  
Katja Radon ◽  
Laura Wengenroth
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Forced Expiratory Volume ◽  
Southern Chile ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Diving Depth ◽  
Chi Squared

The long-term effects of diving on human lung function are controversially discussed. We investigated the lung function of traditional shellfish divers in southern Chile and identified risk factors for reduced lung volumes in divers. In a cross-sectional study, we assessed lung function in traditional shellfish divers and fishermen from two fishing communities. Male divers and fishermen aged 18–60 years were recruited. Participants’ health and diving habits were assessed via standardized questionnaires. Descriptive statistics, chi-squared tests and multiple linear regression models were applied. Through door-to-door sampling, we recruited 112 divers and 63 fishermen (response 67%). Valid spirometries were obtained from 98 divers and 52 fishermen. Divers had higher values of forced vital capacity (FVC, Beta = 0.28, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.09; 0.47) and forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1, Beta = 0.23, 95%-CI: 0.07; 0.39) compared to fishermen. Among divers, lower values of FVC (Beta = −0.35, 95%-CI: −0.65; −0.05) were found in those with a high diving frequency, while diving depth was associated with higher values of FVC (Beta = 0.28, 95%-CI = 0.04; 0.52). Professional divers had better lung function compared to fishermen. However, among divers, lung function decreased with cumulative diving exposure, warranting approval in future studies to ensure the safety and health of divers.

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