scholarly journals Knowledge and Response of Rural Women in Nigeria to COVID-19: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Friday Okonofua ◽  
Lorretta Favour Ntoimo ◽  
Sanni Yaya ◽  
Brian Igboin ◽  
Chioma Ekwo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Women ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Preventive Behavior ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Survey Tool ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Edo State

Abstract BackgroundNigeria has experienced COVID-19 pandemic as in nearly 200 countries around the world. The objective of this study was to investigate the knowledge, risk perceptions, and preventive practices among rural women in Edo State, Nigeria to identify the social circumstances under which women respond to COVID-19 in the community. MethodThe study design was cross-sectional and consisted of face-to-face interviews with 1,411 women in 20 rural communities in Edo state, south-south Nigeria using a structured questionnaire. Questions consisted of socio-demographic characteristics, the knowledge of COVID-19, its symptoms and prevention method, and the women’s compliance with the prevention guidelines recommended by the Nigerian Centre for Disease Control. Some of the questions and formats were adapted from the survey tool and guidance for monitoring knowledge, risk perceptions and preventive behavior by the WHO Regional Office for Europe. The data were analyzed with univariate, bivariate and multivariable statistical techniques.ResultsThe results showed relatively high knowledge of COVID-19 but low perceptions of risk, and inadequate self-reported compliance with the recommendations for prevention, use of face mask, and handwashing. The most prominent determinants of lack of knowledge of COVID-19, the symptoms, and preventive measures; perception of COVID-19 as no health threat; and poor preventive behavior include less exposure to the media, being in a polygynous and consensual marriage, illiterate, age, and not having a mobile phone.ConclusionsWe conclude that although rural women in Nigeria have relatively high knowledge, low-risk perception and adoption of preventive measures for COVID-19 are grossly inadequate. These deficits are attributable to illiteracy, poor access to information, and the pervading poverty in rural communities. Appropriate policies and programs that address these challenges will prevent COVID-19 pandemic and its consequences in rural Nigeria.

scholarly journals Risk perception regarding the COVID-19 outbreak among the general population: a comparative Middle East survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Abdel Hameed Shahin ◽  
Rasha Mohammed Hussien
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
General Population ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background People’s perceptions of pandemic-associated risk are key factors contributing to increased public participation in disease preventive measures. The aim of the study was to investigate risk perceptions regarding the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, among the general population. A descriptive, cross-sectional design was used with a convenience sample of 723 participants, recruited from the general population of Saudi Arabia, Egypt, and Jordan. Data collection was performed using a standardized risk perception assessment questionnaire, in April 2020. Results The mean score for the perception of COVID-19 seriousness was significantly higher and the mean scores for the perception of disease susceptibility and extent of anxiety were also higher among Saudi Arabian participants than participants from Egypt and Jordan. Participants from Egypt had significantly lower mean scores for the perception of efficacy and self-efficacy to cope with COVID-19, and significantly lower intention to comply with COVID-19 precautionary measures than the other populations. A significant positive correlation was detected between the perception of COVID-19 seriousness and self-efficacy to handle COVID-19, for the entire sample. The primary reasons reported by participants driving their willingness to perform certain preventive measures against COVID-19 was a feeling of responsibility toward their own health, followed by preventing transmission to other people and the feeling that COVID-19 can be serious. Most of the study sample reported a desire to receive information about COVID-19 treatment, ways to prevent disease contraction, and the incubation period for the novel coronavirus. Also, most of the study sample reported that they prefer receiving COVID-19 updates from national authorities. Conclusions During the COVID-19 pandemic, communications designed to promote the adoption of preventive behaviors should focus on increasing the perception of seriousness, the risk perception, self-efficacy to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic, and the effectiveness of the adopted behavioral measures for reducing risk. Health education programs that are tailored to various sociodemographic categories, to improve public awareness, perceptions, and attitudes, are vital for increasing the adoption of outbreak preventive measures.

scholarly journals Preventive Practices of Tuberculosis Patients in a Municipality of Chitwan District, Nepal

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-66
Author(s):  
Prerna Bansal ◽  
Dipendra Khatiwada ◽  
Hari Prasad Upadhyay
Keyword(s):  
Health Education ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Good Practice ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Prevention Measures ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Tuberculosis Patients ◽  
Preventive Practices

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is one of the top 10 causes of death worldwide and sixth leading cause of death in Nepal. Preventing new infections of Mycobacterium tuberculosis is crucial to reduce TB burden and death. The source of infection is an open (sputum positive) case of pulmonary tuberculosis. Poor management of TB-related waste like disposal of sputum by patients has been reported as a risk factor for increasing susceptibility to active TB infection. The present study was undertaken to assess preventive measures practiced by TB patients. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 82 tuberculosis patients who visited the five different DOTs centres of Bharatpur Municipality of Chitwan district, Nepal during December 2016 to February 2017. To find the association between variables, chi-square test was used. P-value less than 0.05 were considered as statistically significant.  Results: The Mean ± SD of age of patients was 37.02±18.90 years. 67.10% of the patients received health education on preventive measures. 59.8% of the respondents had good practice on prevention measures of TB. Only 3.70% used burning method for the sputum disposal after diagnosis of TB. None of the respondents used boiling method for the disposal of sputum. Among all only 6% practiced safe method of sputum disposal. The statistically significant variables with health education were preventive measures like self isolation (ᵪ2 = 7.54, p = 0.006), covering face while coughing and sneezing (ᵪ2 = 4.113, p = 0.043) and keeping surrounding clean (ᵪ2= 7.880, p = 0.005).  Conclusions: Patients and family members should be well educated on practicing different preventive measures by further strengthening the preventive measures strategy in the transmission of tuberculosis if we envisioned to end TB by 2035.

scholarly journals Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice toward COVID-19 among Healthy Population in the Philippines

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-70
Author(s):  
Cyruz P. Tuppal ◽  
Marina Magnolia G. Ninobla ◽  
Mara Gerbabe D. Ruiz ◽  
Richard D. Loresco ◽  
Shanine Mae P. Tuppal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Onset ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
The Philippines ◽  
Healthy Population ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Profile Characteristics ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Background: COVID-19 pandemic has become a severe health threat to the Philippines and around the world. At the early onset of the pandemic, it is imperative to measure the knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) among healthy individuals to better understand the causes, transmission, and preventive measures. Purpose: This study aimed to identify the knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19 in a healthy Filipino population during the early onset of the pandemic outbreak.Methods: This cross-sectional rapid online and web-based survey was conducted among healthy Filipino population. A total of 1634 subjects participated via the Google survey link. Descriptive statistics were used to describe the respondents' profile characteristics and KAP scores. The One-Way ANOVA or independent sample t-test was used to measure KAP scores' differences when grouped according to respondents' profile characteristics. Pearson correlation was used to measure the relationship among the KAP scores. The data were all analyzed using the SPSS version 26.0. Results: The overall knowledge scores revealed 67.7%. Filipinos believed COVID-19 would finally be successfully controlled and confident that the Philippines can win the battle against the virus through preventive practices. KAP scores showed significant differences with age, sex (p<0.000), and place of residence (p<0.000), occupation (p<0.000), and marital status (p<0.000). A significant positive low correlation between knowledge and practice (r=0.076, p<0.01), attitude and practice (r=0.100, p<0.01).Conclusion: Albeit a low knowledge of COVID-19, healthy Filipino populations had a positive attitude and compliant with the preventive measures. This study hopes to contribute to the growing corpus of literature on COVID-19 to provide evidence-based information towards health promotion, illness prevention, and control of possible virus' spread.

scholarly journals Hepatitis E Prevalence, Knowledge, and Practice of Preventive Measures Among Adolescents In Rural Nigeria: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chioma Ngozichukwu Pauline Mbachu ◽  
Joy Chinelo Ebenebe ◽  
Henry Chima Okpara ◽  
John Onuora Chukwuka ◽  
Ikechukwu Innocent Mbachu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Hepatitis E ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Gender ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Rural Nigeria ◽  
Knowledge And Practice ◽  
Level Of Significance

Abstract Background: There is a paucity of data on the knowledge and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E infection. Determination of knowledge and practice of preventive measures are necessary for informed health education for the prevention of Hepatitis E infection and other communicable diseases. The study evaluated the prevalence of Hepatitis E, knowledge, and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E virus infection among adolescents in rural Nigeria.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted over 3 months among rural Nigerian secondary school adolescents. An interviewer-based questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic profile, knowledge, and practice of preventive measures for Hepatitis E infection. Blood samples collected from participants were analysed for Hepatitis E IgG using Elisa Kits (Sigma Diagnostics, USA). Data were analysed using SPSS software version 20.0. Tests of association were done with a level of significance set at 5%. Results: A total of 9 out of the 414 participants tested positive for Hepatitis E IgG antibodies giving a prevalence of 2.2%. Significant factors for Hepatitis E infection were male gender {P =0.004} and school {P < 0.001}. Most participants (98.6%) had poor knowledge of Hepatitis E infection, 239(57.7%) had good preventive practices, while 175(42.3%) had average preventive practices. Conclusion: Male gender, school, and practice of preventive measures had a significant association with Hepatitis E infection.

scholarly journals Adherence to vector preventive measures decrease cases of acute Dengue among Abuja residents, Nigeria

2017 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Idris Abdullahi Nasir ◽  
Adamu Babayo ◽  
Muhammad Sagir Shehu ◽  
Peter Omale Musa
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Virus ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Virus Infections ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Preventive Practices

<em>Background</em>: Nigeria is one of the dengue hyper-endemic nations. This study investigated the level of knowledge about dengue and vector preventive practices and their impacts on acute dengue among febrile patients at Abuja, Nigeria. <br /><em>Materials and methods</em>: This cross-sectional survey was conducted on febrile patients attending University of Abuja Teaching Hospital, Abuja, Nigeria. Blood samples were individually collected from 171 febrile patients residing at Gwagwalada suburb. Interviewer administered questionnaires were used to assess subjects’ knowledge about preventive measures against vector breeding and bites. Blood samples were tested for dengue virus Nonstructural glycoprotein-1antigen using enzyme linked Immunosorbent assay (ELISA). <br /><em>Results</em>: Fifteen out of 171 febrile persons (8.8%) were Dengue NS1 positive. Sixty percent of the subjects do not know about dengue, while 33% knew about dengue virus infection through television/ radio programs, 5% through healthcare professionals and 2% from friends/families. Those who persistently use indoor residual spraying and long sleeves/trousers during daytime had less cases of DENV NS1 than those who do not. There was statistical association between DENV NS1 and residence in proximity to waste dumpsites (P&lt;0.0001) and frequent use of long sleeve clothing and trousers (P=0.005). However, there was no statistical association between DENV NS1 antigenemia and persistent use of indoor residual spraying and presence of in-door water containers (P&gt;0.05). <br /><em>Conclusions</em>: Findings from this study imply that proper education and adherence to preventive measures minimize people from being susceptible to Dengue virus infections.

scholarly journals Risk perceptions for exertional heat illnesses in junior cricket in Sri Lanka

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. e000508 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prasanna Janaka Gamage ◽  
Lauren Victoria Fortington ◽  
Caroline F Finch
Keyword(s):  
Relative Humidity ◽  
Ambient Temperature ◽  
Risk Perceptions ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Sri Lankan ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Gear ◽  
Heat Acclimatisation ◽  
Body Cooling

ObjectivesExertional heat illnesses (EHI) can occur when sport is played in hot and humid environments, such as those common across Asia. Measures to reduce the risk of EHI are important; however, causal data on EHI occurrence are limited and challenging to capture. To gain an initial understanding of EHI risks, we aimed to assess the risk perceptions of EHI of youth cricketers.MethodsA descriptive cross-sectional survey, comprised of 14 questions on EHI risks, was conducted with 365 Sri Lankan junior male cricketers (age=12.9±0.9 years) who typically play in hot and humid conditions.ResultsFor climate related risks, relative humidity was perceived as having a low risk of EHI compared with ambient temperature. The EHI risk associated with wearing protective gear, as commonly used in cricket, was perceived as low. Most junior cricketers perceived a low level of risk associated with recommended preventive measures such as body cooling and heat-acclimatisation.ConclusionThis is the first study to explore EHI risk perceptions in any sporting context. Young players may not be mindful of all risks. Therefore, leadership and initiative from competition organisers and parents is required to promote countermeasures.

scholarly journals Community Preventive Measures Related to Coronavirus Disease-19 among Iraqi Population

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (T1) ◽  
pp. 325-329
Author(s):  
Taqi Mohammed Jwad Taher ◽  
Shaymaa Abdul Lateef Al-Fadhul ◽  
Zainab Abbas Hassooni
Keyword(s):  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Male Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Effective Strategies ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mean Differences

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus (CoV) disease (COVID)-19 outbreak is considering as a health disaster which threatens the world right now because of its higher infectivity and unavailability of definite vaccine or treatment. The only effective strategies are a commitment to prevention and quarantine of the diseased people to decrease the transmission and spreading. AIM: The objective of the study was to assess the preventive measures adopted by the Iraqi population to protect themselves from acquiring severe acute respiratory syndrome-CoV-2 infection in correlation with their age, sex, educational level, and occupation. METHODS: A total of 619 volunteers were involved in this online cross-sectional study, all of them answered a semi-structured questionnaire including 14 questions regarding the preventive practices. The questionnaire was distributed into three general and mixed Facebook groups during the period from April 18 to 28. Data analyzed by SPSS version 23 using frequency tables and descriptive statistics for numerical continuous age variable, t-test, and ANOVA were used for mean differences in the preventive scores. RESULTS: The sociodemographic features of participants were showed that 81.3% were women and 91.9% had college or higher education. The majority (75.6%) were <30 years old and 42.5% governmentally employed. The mean preventive practice score mentioned by them was 2.60 ± 0.28 with the highest three scores was for stay away from infected and sick people, avoid crowded places, and avoid travel and commuting. A significant difference was found in the practice score according to age, gender, and occupation (p < 0.001). CONCLUSIONS: Iraqi people mentioned that they always adhere to the health instructions related to COVID-19 prevention as suggested by the government, health workers, and organizations. Male, students, and people younger than 30 years are less frequently followed the main preventive measures.

scholarly journals University Students’ Knowledge, Attitude, and Practice (KAP) towards COVID-19 in Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
pp. 2853-2868
Author(s):  
Zur Batrisyia Mohd Zubir ◽  
Nor Yasmin Abd Rahaman ◽  
Rukman Awang Hamat ◽  
Hayati Kadir Shahar
Keyword(s):  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Female Students ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitude And Practice ◽  
Veterinary Student ◽  
High Knowledge ◽  
Spearman’S Correlation ◽  
Knowledge Attitude And Practice

Covid-19—associated with the human-to-human transmission is recent medical concern which also associated with public health concerns. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among clinical year veterinary and medical students studying in a university in Malaysia to determine the students’ knowledge, attitude, and practice towards COVID-19. The questionnaire consisted of 4 sections, namely, socio-demographic characteristics (6 items), knowledge (14 items), attitude (10 items), and practice (24 items) towards COVID-19. The collected data were subjected to descriptive statistics, Mann-Whitney U, Kruskal-Wallis H, and Spearman’s correlation analysis. A total of 219 students participated in this study, and they consisted of 52.1% and 47.9% of veterinary and medical students, respectively. The total scores were categorised into poor (<60%), moderate (60-79%), and high (>80%) based on Bloom’s cut off point. Overall, the students acquired high knowledge (80%), moderate attitude (76%) and high practice (86%) against COVID-19. In the attitude section, the veterinary student scored significantly higher than medical students (U=3791, p= .001), and female students scored significantly higher than males (U=3183, p= .001). The analysis revealed a statistically significant association between attitude and practice (P< .05) despite no association between knowledge to attitude and practice variables. Overall, the results indicated that both veterinary and medical students had high knowledge with moderate to high attitudes towards COVID-19. Thus, they were practising good preventive measures in limiting the spread of the disease.

scholarly journals Awareness, Perceived Risk and Preventive Practice on Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) among Cancer Patient in Bir Hospital, Kathmandu

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
pp. 139-145
Author(s):  
Roshani Gautam ◽  
Bishnu Dutta Paudel ◽  
Rejina Shrestha ◽  
Bhagawaty Kalikotay
Keyword(s):  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Preventive Practice ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Socio Demographic Factors ◽  
Study Participants

People with cancer are at high risk for coronavirus infection because of immunosuppressive nature of disease itself and adverse effect of treatment. Knowledge and adoption of preventive practice is critical to control the outbreak of infectious disease in vulnerable populations. Hence, this study aimed to identify the awareness, perceived risk and preventive practices regarding coronavirus disease among people with cancer. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted among 83 cancer patients in Bir Hospital. Total enumeration sampling technique was used to collect data for two weeks and interview schedule was used. Data was analyzed in SPSS version 16, descriptive and inferential statistics was calculated. Out of 83 participants, mean score of knowledge was 37.33±7.5 and 76% of study participants had adequate awareness (>75% of total score) and the mean practice score was 24.6±2.88. None of the study participants were practicing preventive measures as per guidelines of government. The study found that level of awareness was significantly associated with the age of the participants (p=0.04). However, other socio-demographic factors were not associated with awareness. The study concluded that people with cancer had adequate awareness but had inadequate practices on preventive measures as per the guidelines of the Ministry of Health and Population and WHO, which should be mandatory to contain disease outbreak. Therefore, there is an urgent need to focus on the adoption of preventive behaviors for cancer patients.

scholarly journals DENGUE FEVER

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (01) ◽  
pp. 106-110
Author(s):  
Samina Badar ◽  
Seema Yasmeen ◽  
Wajahat Hussain ◽  
Mohammad Asim Amjad
Keyword(s):  
Dengue Fever ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Protective Measures ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Preventive Practices ◽  
Daily Change ◽  
Water Disposal ◽  
Knowledge And Practice

Objective: To assess the knowledge and practice of preventive measures againstdengue fever among medical students of Quaid-e-Azasm medical college and engineeringstudents of Islamia university, Bahawalpur. Design: Cross sectional descriptive study. Period:September 2012 to December 2012. Setting: Quaid-e-Azam Medial College and Engineeringwing of Islamia University Bahawalpur. Material and method: Sample size calculated for study8 by expecting prevalence of knowledge 78% in population of 1000 in each group with 5% marginof error and at 95% confidence interval was 263; by adding 10% response error sample became290 for each population. Individuals for study were selected by simple random sampling andinterviewed by using preformed questionnaire. Obtained data was analyzed by using SPSSversion 11. For categorization of knowledge and preventive practices against dengue fever intogood, satisfactory insufficient and poor scoring was done. Results: knowledge of protectivemeasures against dengue fever was found significantly better among medical than engineeringgroup (p<.000). Knowledge of personal protective measures against dengue fever wasadequate i.e. more than 90% in both groups had knowledge. Knowledge regardingenvironmental protective measures as screening and spraying of rooms was adequate i.e. >85%while this knowledge with regard to covering of collected water, disposal of broken bottles andtins, daily change of water in room cooler and space spray was 50% or less. However, knowledgeof biological control for mosquito breed with regard to use of snail was very poor i.e. 20% or less.As for as the practices of preventive measures were concerned both groups had no significantdifference which were very poor in all aspects except screening of rooms which was more than90%. Conclusions: There is dire need for improvement in both knowledge and practices ofpreventive measures against dengue fever among students and general population.

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