scholarly journals Low serum level of apolipoprotein A1 is an indicator of severity in patients with coronavirus disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayun Yang ◽  
Zhe Zhu ◽  
Lingyan Fan ◽  
Shuyuan Ye ◽  
Kehong Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Model ◽  
Characteristic Curve ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Group

Abstract Background: Recently, dyslipidemia was observed in the patients of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in the severe cases. This study aimed to explore the predictive value of blood lipid for the severity of COVID-19.Methods: All patients with COVID-19 who admitted to HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences from January 23 to April 20, 2020 were included in this retrospective study. General clinical characteristics and laboratory data (including blood lipid parameters) were obtained, and their predictive values for the severity were analyzed.Results: 142 consecutive patients with COVID-19 were included. There were 125 cases in the non-severe group and 17 cases in the severe group. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) at baseline were significantly lower in the severe group. ApoA1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were recognized as independent risk factors for the severity of COVID-19. ApoA1 had the highest area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUROC) among all the single markers (AUROC: 0.896, 95% CI: 0.834-0.941). Moreover, the risk model established upon ApoA1 and IL-6 enhanced the predictability (AUROC: 0.977, 95% CI: 0.932-0.995). On the other hand, ApoA1 in the severe group elevated during the treatment, there was no significant difference between the severe and non-severe groups in the recovery stage of disease.Conclusion: The profile of blood lipid in the severe patients with COVID-19 is quite different from that in the non-severe cases. Serum ApoA1 could severe as a good marker to reflect the severity of COVID-19.

scholarly journals Low serum apolipoprotein A 1 is an indicator of severity in patients with coronavirus disease 2019

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yayun Yang ◽  
Zhe Zhu ◽  
Lingyan Fan ◽  
Shuyuan Ye ◽  
Kehong Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Value ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Severe Group

Abstract Background: Recently, dyslipidaemia was observed in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), especially in severe cases. This study aimed to explore the predictive value of blood lipid levels for COVID-19 severity.Methods: All patients with COVID-19 admitted to HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, from January 23 to April 20, 2020, were included in this retrospective study. General clinical characteristics and laboratory data (including blood lipid parameters) were obtained, and their predictive values for the severity were analysed.Results: In total, 142 consecutive patients with COVID-19 were included. The non-severe group included 125 cases, and 17 cases were included in the severe group. Total cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) at baseline were significantly lower in the severe group. ApoA1 and interleukin-6 (IL-6) were recognized as independent risk factors for COVID-19 severity. ApoA1 had the highest area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) among all the single markers (AUC: 0.896, 95% CI: 0.834-0.941). Moreover, the risk model established using ApoA1 and IL-6 enhanced the predictive value (AUC: 0.977, 95% CI: 0.932-0.995). On the other hand, ApoA1 levels were elevated in the severe group during treatment, and there was no significant difference between the severe and non-severe groups during the recovery stage of the disease.Conclusion: The blood lipid profile in severe COVID-19 patients is quite different from that in non-severe cases. Serum ApoA1 could severe as a good indictor to reflect the severity of COVID-19.

scholarly journals A Preliminary Study on Blood Lipid Profile in Patients with COVID-19

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhe Zhu ◽  
Yayun Yang ◽  
Lingyan Fan ◽  
Shuyuan Ye ◽  
Kehong Lou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lipid Profile ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Risk Model ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Predictive Values ◽  
Severe Group

Abstract Background: Recently, dyslipidemia was observed in the patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). This study aimed to investigate the blood lipid profile in the patients with COVID-19, and explore their predictive value for COVID-19 severity.Methods: 142 consecutive patients with COVID-19 admitted to HwaMei Hospital, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, from January 23 to April 20, 2020, and 77 age- and gender-matched healthy subjects were included in this retrospective study. The blood lipid profile in the patients with COVID-19 were investigated, and their predictive values for COVID-19 severity were analysed.Results: There were 125 and 17 cases in the non-severe and severe group, respectively. Total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and apolipoprotein A1 (ApoA1) gradually decreased across healthy controls, non-severe group, and severe group. ApoA1 was recognized as an independent risk factor for COVID-19 severity，and had the highest area under the receiver operator characteristic curve (AUC) among all the single markers (AUC: 0.896, 95% CI: 0.834-0.941). Moreover, the risk model established using ApoA1 and IL-6 enhanced the prediction efficiency (AUC: 0.977, 95% CI: 0.932-0.995). Conclusion: The blood lipid profile in the patients with COVID-19 is quite abnormal from healthy subjects, especially in the severe cases. Serum ApoA1 might serve as a good indictor to reflect the severity of COVID-19.

scholarly journals The effect of genistein on lipid levels and LDLR, LXRα and ABCG1 expression in postmenopausal women with hyperlipidemia

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Zhang ◽  
Xiao-Xing Chi
Keyword(s):  
Mrna Expression ◽  
Postmenopausal Women ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Expression Levels ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Mrna Expression Levels

Abstract Background This study investigates the effect of genistein (Gen) on the lipid profiles and expression of low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR), liver X receptor α (LXRα) and ATP-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1) in the plasma macrophages of postmenopausal women with hyperlipidemia in China. Methods This study considered 187 cases, where 160 postmenopausal women had hyperlipidemia. The subjects were divided into placebo group (PG) and experimental group (EG). EG received 60 mg/day of Gen, PG received placebo for 6 months. Body weight, height, waist circumference, body mass index and glucose levels were determined according to standard operating procedures. The triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), apolipoprotein-A1 (Apo-A1) and apolipoprotein-B (Apo-B) levels were detected in the plasma macrophages using ELISA. The protein and mRNA expression levels of LDLR, LXRα and ABCG1 were detected by western blot and real-time PCR techniques, respectively. Results Compared to the baseline, Gen effectively lowered TG, TC and LDL-C levels, whereas HDL-C levels as well as the protein and mRNA expression levels of LDLR, LXRα and ABCG1 (p < 0.05) were increased. There was a significant difference in the expression of LDLR protein between the two groups (p < 0.05). The mRNA expression levels of LDLR, LXRα and ABCG1 were significantly increased in the EG compared to the PG. Conclusion Gen effectively modulated the plasma lipid indices. The cholesterol-lowering effects of Gen may be attributed to its regulation on some of the key genes involved in cholesterol homeostasis.

scholarly journals Resveratrol Treatment Is Associated with Lipid Regulation and Inhibition of Lipoprotein-Associated Phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) in Rabbits Fed a High-Fat Diet

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Lei Xu ◽  
Renjie Wang ◽  
Hongyu Liu ◽  
Jiaoqi Wang ◽  
Jing Mang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Phospholipase A2 ◽  
Rabbit Model ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Pairwise Comparison ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Diet Group ◽  
Normal Diet ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Aortic Intima

The effects of resveratrol on various conditions have been widely studied previously. This paper aimed to investigate the influence of resveratrol on atherosclerosis (AS). Twenty-four New Zealand male rabbits were randomly and equally assigned to the normal diet group (NDG), fat diet group (FDG), and fat diet with resveratrol group (80 mg/kg/d, RFG). Biochemical indicators from blood samples were analyzed at baseline and 3 months to investigate the effects of resveratrol on blood lipid, lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2), liver, and renal function. The indicators including alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), creatinine (CREA), triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and Lp-PLA2. At 3 months, arteries were stained with hematoxylin and eosin to study the influence of resveratrol on the aortic intima, smooth muscle layer, and the intima/media ratio. Comparisons of weight, ALT, AST, CREA, TG, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and Lp-PLA2 among the three groups showed no significant difference at baseline. However, at the end of 3 months, significant differences were observed in AST, CREA, TC, HDL-C, LDL-C, and Lp-PLA2 between the three groups (P<0.05). In pairwise comparison, CREA, TC, LDL-C, and Lp-PLA2 had significant differences between any two groups (P<0.05). In addition, there were significant differences in the AST and HDL-C levels between RFG and NDG groups (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the HDL-C levels were also significantly different between the FDG and NDG groups (P<0.01). The histologic analysis also showed that the thickness of the aortic intima and the ratio of the intima and aortic tunica media (P<0.05) significantly decreased in RFG compared to FDG. Resveratrol may have an antiatherosclerosis effect on a rabbit model of AS.

scholarly journals Acute Stress-Induced Blood Lipid Reactivity in Hypertensive and Normotensive Men and Prospective Associations with Future Cardiovascular Risk

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (15) ◽  
pp. 3400
Author(s):  
Cathy Degroote ◽  
Roland von Känel ◽  
Livia Thomas ◽  
Claudia Zuccarella-Hackl ◽  
Jens C. Pruessner ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Essential Hypertension ◽  
Cardiovascular Risk ◽  
Stress Reactivity ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Cvd Risk ◽  
P Values ◽  
D Dimer

Hyperreactivity to stress may be one explanation for the increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in individuals with essential hypertension. We investigated blood lipid reactivity to the Montreal Imaging Stress Task (MIST), a psychosocial stressor, in hypertensive and normotensive men and tested for prospective associations with biological risk factors. Fifty-six otherwise healthy and medication-free hypertensive and normotensive men underwent the MIST. We repeatedly measured cortisol and blood lipid profiles (total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), and triglycerides (TG)) immediately before and up to 1 h after stress. Lipid levels were corrected for stress hemoconcentration. Thirty-five participants completed follow-up assessment 2.9 ± 0.12 (SEM) years later. CVD risk was assessed by prospective changes in TC/HDL-C ratio, IL-6, D-dimer, and HbA1c from baseline to follow-up. The MIST induced significant changes in all parameters except TC (p-values ≤ 0.043). Compared with normotensives, hypertensives had higher TC/HDL-C-ratio and TG (p-values ≤ 0.049) stress responses. Blood lipid stress reactivity predicted future cardiovascular risk (p = 0.036) with increases in HbA1c (ß = 0.34, p = 0.046), IL-6 (ß = 0.31, p = 0.075), and D-dimer (ß = 0.33, p = 0.050). Our results suggest that the greater blood lipid reactivity to psychosocial stress in hypertensives, the greater their future biological CVD risk. This points to lipid stress reactivity as a potential mechanism through which stress might increase CVD risk in essential hypertension.

Effects of diets rich in ghee or olive oil on cardiometabolic risk factors in healthy adults: A 2-period, crossover, randomized trial

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-30
Author(s):  
Susan Mohammadi Hosseinabadi ◽  
Javad Nasrollahzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Olive Oil ◽  
Dietary Intervention ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Dietary Fats ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Apo B ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Significant Difference

Abstract This study aimed to evaluate the cardiovascular health-related effects of consuming ghee in the usual diet. Thirty healthy men and women were studied in a free-living outpatient regimen. The participants were instructed for the isocaloric inclusion of ghee or olive oil in their diets for 4 weeks using a randomized crossover design. At the end of run-in (baseline), 2-week wash-out, and interventions, fasting blood samples were drawn. In addition, 2-h postprandial blood samples were collected after ingestion of a meal containing olive oil or ghee at week 4 of each dietary intervention. Body weight was not different between the two interventions. Compared to the olive oil, the diet with ghee increased fasting plasma apolipoprotein-B (apo B) (0.09, 95% CI 0.02 to 0.17 g/L, p= 0.018) and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (non-HDL-C) (0.53, 95% CI 0.01 to 1.05 mmol/L, p= 0.046) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol did not differ significantly between diet groups (0.29, 95% CI –0.05 to 0.63 mmol/L, p= 0.092), but had no significant effect on total cholesterol/HDL-C ratio (0.75, 95% CI −0.24 to 1.74 mmol/L, p= 0.118). No significant difference was observed in fasting as well as 2-h postprandial plasma triacylglycerol, glucose, insulin, and plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 concentrations. This study showed that ghee which is predominantly saturated fats had an increasing effect on plasma apo B and non-HDL-C compared to olive oil, adding further evidence to the existing recommendations to replace dietary fats high in SFA with dietary fats high in unsaturated fats to reduce cardiovascular disease risk.

Abstract 13170: Endothelial Function is Impaired in Relation to Alcohol Consumption in Men in a Large General Population

Circulation ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 132 (suppl_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nozomu Oda ◽  
Yukihito Higashi ◽  
Masato Kajikawa ◽  
Tatsuya Maruhashi ◽  
Akimichi Iwamoto ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Alcohol Consumption ◽  
General Population ◽  
Endothelial Function ◽  
Vascular Function ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Adjusted Risk ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Endothelial function is impaired in heavy or binge drinking. Heavy drinking should be a predictor of endothelial dysfunction. However, there is little information on the effects of dose-dependent alcohol consumption on endothelial function. Therefore, we evaluated the relationship between alcohol consumption and endothelial function in a large general population. Methods and Results: We measured flow-mediated vasodilation (FMD) in 2734 men who provided self-report about habitual alcohol intake. The subjects were divided into five groups by alcohol consumption: none (0 g/week), light (0 g/week< to ≤140 g/week), moderate (140 g/week< to ≤280 g/week), heavy (280 g/week< to ≤420 g/week), and excessive (420 g/week<). Age, systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, uric acid, plasma glucose, hemoglobin A1c, and current smoking were significantly correlated with alcohol consumption. FMD showed a gradual decrease according to increased alcohol consumption (none, 6.6±3.4%; light, 6.2±3.0%; moderate, 6.0±3.0%; heavy, 5.5±2.9%; excessive, 5.3±3.0%; P<0.01). There was a significant difference in FMD between the non-drinker group and the light drinker group (P=0.018). After adjusted risk factors, we showed the significantly smaller FMD in the 4 drinker groups than in the non-drinker group: light drinker group (OR, 1.38; 95% CI, 1.10 to 1.75), moderate drinker group (OR, 1.36; 95% CI, 1.01 to 1.82), heavy drinker group (OR, 2.05; 95% CI, 1.46 to 2.87), excessive drinker group (OR, 2.04; 95% CI, 1.43 to 2.89). Conclusions: These findings suggest that even light alcohol consumption impair the endothelial function. Alcohol drinking may be harmful for vascular function.

Coronary Risk Factors in Adolescents Related to Their Knowledge of Familial Coronary Heart Disease and Hypercholesterolemia: The Muscatine Study

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1994 ◽  
Vol 93 (3) ◽  
pp. 444-451
Author(s):  
Linda E. Muhonen ◽  
Richard P. Nelson ◽  
Trudy L. Burns ◽  
Ronald M. Lauer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Apolipoprotein A1 ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Coronary Risk Factors ◽  
Coronary Risk ◽  
High Cholesterol ◽  
Parental History ◽  
History Of

Objective. To determine the utility of a school-based questionnaire, to identify adolescents with adverse coronary risk factor levels. Design. In Muscatine, IA, students (9th through 12th grade) completed a questionnaire providing medical history information about first- and second-degree relatives. Anthropometric measures were obtained and blood pressure, lipid, lipoprotein, and apolipoprotein levels were determined. Results. A history of parental coronary heart disease (CHD) was rare and a history of parental high cholesterol frequently was unknown; however, when known, a history of high cholesterol or early (30 to 55 years of age) or later (&gt;55 years of age) CHD (myocardial infarction, coronary bypass, or death from a heart attack) in grandfathers enriched the identification of adolescents with adverse coronary risk factors. Parental history of CHD was associated with an increased risk for high body mass index and low apolipoprotein A1 levels in their children. Grandfather history of early or later CHD was associated with an increased risk for low apolipoprotein A1 and high density lipoprotein cholesterol levels and high body mass index in their grandchildren. Students with positive grandfather histories of high cholesterol had higher total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, apolipoprotein B, and low density lipoprotein cholesterol to high density lipoprotein cholesterol ratios. Grandmother histories, because most were negative, did not help identify adolescents in this population with adverse coronary risk factors. Conclusions. A parental history of CHD as well as a grandfather history of high cholesterol or CHD enriches the identification of children with adverse coronary risk factor levels. The positive predictive values associated with using a school-based history obtained from adolescents, many with the aid of their parents, are small and many adolescents do not know their family history. It is essential that pediatricians inquire about parental and especially grandparental medical histories in accordance with the National Cholesterol Education Program guidelines to help identify children at highest familial risk. The importance of determining parental and grandparental histories of CHD or hypercholesterolemia should be emphasized to families who are uncertain of their histories to identify children and adolescents who require a physician's care. It is also important for pediatricians to remind their colleagues who care for patients with premature ischemic heart disease to refer their progeny for pediatric care so that their lipids and lipoproteins may be screened and counseling provided.

scholarly journals ANTI-HYPERLIPIDEMIC ACTIVITY OF METHANOLIC EXTRACT OF BOESENBERGIA PANDURATA (FINGER ROOT) IN EXPERIMENTAL INDUCED HYPERCHOLESTROLEMIC SPRAGUE DAWLEY RATS

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Santosh Fattepur ◽  
Kiran Chanabasappa Nilugal ◽  
Ranya Rajendran ◽  
Fadli Asmani ◽  
Eddy Yusuf
Keyword(s):  
Heart Diseases ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Current Therapy ◽  
Histopathological Study ◽  
Sprague Dawley ◽  
Methanolic Extracts ◽  
Significant Difference

Objective: Hyperlipidemia is one of the risk factors that contribute to the prevalence of coronary heart diseases and antihyperlipidemic agents, such as statin, was used to treat hyperlipidemia as a current therapy. Boesenbergia pandurata has not been exploited for antihyperlipidemic effect. Hence, this study aims to screen for the antihyperlipidemic activity of methanolic extracts of B. pandurata rhizomes (BPR extracts) in hypercholesterolemia-induced Sprague-Dawley rats.Methods: BPR extracts were prepared using the maceration method with 1500 ml of 80% methanol at room temperature for about 7 days. A toxicity study was carried out based on OECD guidelines. Hypercholesterolemia was induced by 6% lard oil, 2% of cheese, and egg yolks. Two different doses of BPR extracts, 200 and 400 mg/kg, were used to screen for antihyperlipidemic effect. Histopathological study was carried out in the liver. The results were evaluated for the statistically significant difference by using the one-way ANOVA followed by post hoc Dunnett test.Results: No mortality was witnessed even till 2 g/kg. Only 400 mg/kg of BPR extracts statistically reduced in total cholesterol (p<0.05), low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p<0.05) and an increase in high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol (p<0.05) when compared to the positive control. BPR extracts (400 mg/kg) showed less enlargement of lipid droplets as compared to positive control.Conclusion: BPR extracts can be a promising medicinal plant for treating hyperlipidemia in underdeveloped countries.

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