scholarly journals Concentration Distribution of Anti-VEGF Drugs Injected Into the Vitreous Cavity of Vitrectomy and Non-vitrectomy Eyes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guangsen Liu ◽  
Yue Li ◽  
Lei Gao ◽  
Xudong Huang
Keyword(s):  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Drug Clearance ◽  
Vitreous Cavity ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Intravitreous Injection ◽  
Anti Vegf ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Poor Efficacy

Abstract Objective: To study the difference of retinal drug concentration distribution of anti-VEGF drugs injected into the vitreous cavity of vitrectomy and non-vitrectomy eyes.Methods: This article reviews the related studies on the distribution of retinal drugs after vitrectomy and non-vitrectomy eyes after IVI of anti-VEGF drugs. Results: There were few studies on retinal drug concentration after vitrectomy and non-vitrectomy eyes after vitreous injection of anti-VEGF drugs. Pharmacokinetics plays an important role in drug tissue distribution and onset time. A faster drug clearance rate can theoretically explain that the shorter retention time of anti-VEGF drugs in the vitreous cavity after intraocular injection of anti-VEGF drugs after vitrectomy, the lower concentration of anti-VEGF drugs in the vitreous cavity at the same time point, which can explain the reason for the poor efficacy of anti-VEGF treatment in the eyes after vitrectomy. Therefore, we have reason to believe that there is a difference in retinal drug concentration after vitrectomy and non-vitrectomy eyes after intravitreous injection of anti-VEGF drugs. Previous research results may have some deficiencies, which need to be verified by further research. Conclusion: There are differences in retinal drug concentration between vitrectomy eyes and non-vitrectomy eyes after vitreous injection of anti-VEGF drugs. There may be some deficiencies in the previous research results, which need to be verified by further research.

POLIGAMI DALAM PERSPEKTIF AL-QUR’AN

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-50
Author(s):  
Makrum Makrum
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Difference Of Opinion ◽  
Controversial Problem ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Interpretation Method

This paper is discusion the polygamy is still a controversial problem, although much discussed and examined. The difference of opinion among scholars make this problem continues to potentially raises the agree and disagree. Even though it has been regulated in Act Number 1 of 1974 concerning marriage and the compilation of Islamic law (KHI), this does not necessarily make the problem of polygamy is complete. Not a few perpetrators of polygamy choose married under the hand or by sirri. This research uses qualitative approach by implementing thematic interpretation method (maudhu'i) to obtain a comprehensive understanding about polygamy in the Qur'an. The Data obtained through the study of a library research by sharing the data that comes from the various verse of the Qur'an, hadith, book fiqh, research results, books and the news in various media outlets in order to complete the interpretation of the verses of polygamy. Based on the results of this research it is known that the verses of the Qur'an gives a very tight restrictions for those who want to in polygamy. Justice that the conditions of polygamy is not only were quantitative but also qualitative research. In the context of historical-socio, the command of polygamy is intended as a form of the solution to avoid injustice to orphans women. Even if polygamy still want to do, should the husband marrying the widows who have lighten the orphan.

Analysis of compliance of box sizes to comfortable housing of highly productive cows

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
V. Turlyun
Keyword(s):  
Free Movement ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Total Length ◽  
Genetic Potential ◽  
Productive Potential ◽  
The Difference

The analysis of some herds of imported cattle under the conditions of Russian farms had been shown that the genetic potential of imported cattle in many farms has being realized only by 57 %, with the output of up to 50 % of the cattle during the first 2 years. The reason for this is the discrepancy between the conditions of the biological needs of animals. In this regard, the study of factors that affect the provision of comfortable conditions for animals plays an important role. This is especially true for Holstein animals, which are more susceptible to various diseases. In accordance with the technological solutions used in modern large complexes, the loose housing method of maintenance is mainly used. This method allows the animal to move freely, providing access to the consumption of water and feed, as well as timely rest. This determines the importance of the requirements for the size of the boxes for the rest of animals, which should ensure dryness and cleanliness in the process of resting cows, prevent damage to animals, as well as the ability of other animals to displace each other. The crossbars should not interfere with the free movement of the cow in the process of lowering to the floor and getting up due to their flexibility. The dimensions of the boxes should be made taking into account the measurements of the animals’ torso, as well as the amplitude of movement in the process of lowering and rising. The purpose of the research was to study the size of boxes and their compliance with the biological needs of highly productive imported cattle. An analysis of the compliance of conditions for housing highly productive cattle of Canadian and Australian origin with their biological needs under the conditions of a mega farm has been presented in the paper. Calculation on the basis of measurements of animals has been shown that animals of the Canadian selection require boxes with a total length of at least 279 cm, Australian – 271 cm. The difference with the required width of the box has been also established. For the group of cows of Canadian selection it should be at least 120 cm, for the Australian – 114 cm. Research results have been shown that the discrepancy in the design of boxes for comfortable rest of animals is a deterrent to the realization of their genetic productive potential.

PENGAKUAN CALABAI: SEBUAH ANALISIS INTERTEKSTUAL NOVEL PASUNG JIWA KARYA OKKY MADASARI DAN NOVEL CALABAI KARYA PEPI AL-BAYQUNIE

Jurnal KATA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Krisna Aji Kusuma ◽  
Herman J Waluyo ◽  
Nugraheni Eko Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Qualitative Approach ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Self Actualization ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Descriptive Qualitative

<p><em>This study aims to describe the intertextuality relationship between the novel Pasung Jiwa by Okky Madasari and Calabai by Pepi Al-Bayqunie. The type of research is descriptive qualitative approach using content analysis. Data are collected by inventorying events that are similarities and differences, specifications on the characters, settings, plots, and themes of both text. The research results indicate that there are similar themes on the two novels, the theme of self actualization in addition with the theme of family and friendship. The same characterization are also used by both author, masculine figures with feminine soul characters. The difference between the two novels lies on the plot and setting. Pasung Jiwa uses progressive plot and Calabai uses a flash-back plot.. Okky Madasari takes Java Island as the background in the novel Pasung Jiwa, while the novel Calabai, Pepi Al-Bayqunie using the setting of Sulawesi Island. The basis of the similarity of theme and characterization supported by the similirity of events in the story shows the existence of intertextual relationship between the two novels. As a previously published work, the novel Pasung Jiwa by Okky Madasari is a hipogram and novel Calabai by Pepi A-Bayqunie as a transformational text. On the theme and characterization, the transformation of Calabai forward the hypogram, while in the plot and setting deviates his hypogram, Pasung Jiwa.</em></p><p>Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan hubungan intertekstualitas antara novel Pasung Jiwa karya Okky Madasari dan novel Calabai karya Pepi Al-Bayqunie. Jenis penelitian ini adalah deskriptif kualitatif dengan pendekatan konten analisis. Data dikumpulkan dengan menginventariskan peristiwa yang merupakan persamaan dan perbedaan, spesifikasi pada tokoh, latar, alur, dan tema dari kedua teks. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa terdapat kesamaan tema pada kedua novel, yaitu tema aktualisasi diri, ditambah dengan tema keluarga dan persahabatan. Penokohan yang sama juga digunakan oleh kedua penulis, yaitu tokoh maskulin dengan karakter jiwa feminin. Perbedaan kedua novel terletak pada alur dan latar. Pasung Jiwa menggunakan alur maju dan Calabai menggunakan alur campuran. Latar dalam novel Pasung Jiwa, Okky Madasari mengambil latar Pulau Jawa, sedangkan novel Calabai, Pepi Al-Bayqunie menggunakan latar Pulau Sulawesi. Dasar kesamaan tema dan penokohan didukung kesamaan peristiwa-peristiwa dalam cerita menunjukkan adanya hubungan intertekstual antara kedua novel. Sebagai karya yang terbit terlebih dahulu menjadikan novel Pasung Jiwa karya Okky Madasari adalah hipogram dan novel Calabai karya Pepi Al-Bayqunie sebagai teks transformasi. Pada tema dan penokohan, transformasi Calabai meneruskan hipogram, sedangkan pada alur dan latar menyimpangi hipogramnya, Pasung Jiwa.</p>

Gas Concentration Distribution Law in the Roadway after Coal and Gas Outburst

2015 ◽  
Vol 713-715 ◽  
pp. 314-318
Author(s):  
Chun Li Yang ◽  
Yi Liang Zhao ◽  
Xiang Chun Li ◽  
Yang Yang Meng ◽  
Fei Fei Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Coal And Gas Outburst ◽  
Gas Emission ◽  
Distribution Law ◽  
Gas Concentration ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Gas Outburst ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Secondary Disasters

Gas emission happens after coal and gas outburst, and it could cause secondary disasters in the roadway. Therefore it is necessary to research gas concentration distribution law in the roadway after coal and gas outburst, and theoretical basis for avoiding the occurrence of secondary disasters could be provided. Based on the above, Fluent is used to simulate gas concentration distribution law in the roadway during outburst. The research results show that gas velocity of the initial stage is larger in the whole process of gas outburst and gas emission impacts opposite walls in the form of jet in the roadway intersection. The flow changes direction and moves along the main airway and return airway. It produces countercurrent along the main airway. Because the pressure in the main airway is high, gas migration velocity becomes zero after a certain distance and is "back" to return airway. The higher the outburst velocity is, the longer the flow length is. Gas concentration variation with two kinds of different outburst intensities and position are regressed and it shows that correlation coefficients of power function are the highest. The research results have a certain theoretical value to prevent the occurrence of secondary disasters after coal and gas outburst.

Numerical Simulation Research on the Shape of Top Coal Drawn-Body in Gently Inclined Seam

2012 ◽  
Vol 468-471 ◽  
pp. 2248-2254
Author(s):  
Qiang Li ◽  
Wan Kui Bu ◽  
Hui Xu ◽  
Xiao Bo Song
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Numerical Model ◽  
Random Medium ◽  
Body Movement ◽  
The Other ◽  
Simulation Research ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Shape Equation ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Meso Scale

The numerical model of top coal drawing in gently inclined seam is built based on PFC2d software. By comparing with the theory of drawn-body movement law, it can be obtained that the shape of top coal drawn-body accords with the theory of random medium movement. The research results show that the form of the shape equation of top coal drawn-body is uniform while the top coal caving angle is different. On the other hand, with the difference of top coal caving angle and drawing height, the shape of top coal drawn-body is differential at the meso scale, which depends on the parameters of the shape equation of top coal drawn-body.

scholarly journals Aplikasi Digital Risalah Ilmu Tajwid dalam Meningkatkan Kemampuan Baca Alquran

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-157
Author(s):  
Khairul Khairul ◽  
Muhammad Haramain
Keyword(s):  
Learning Environment ◽  
Research Design ◽  
Empirical Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Text Book ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference

This article discusses the using of risalah of tajwid digital apps in increasing the students of SMA Negeri 4 Pinrang abilities in reading al-Qur’an. The using of risalah of tajwid digital apps was by optimazing the technology of computer that running by risalah of tajwid digital apps, that able to create the learning environment to prepare the options that can stimulated the students to use the potential cognitive. The objectives of this research was to get the empirical data about the students’ ability in reading Alquran before and after taught by using risalah digital of tajwid science and to get the empirical data about students’ ability in reading Alquran before and after using text book as well as to get the information about the difference in students’ level of ability in reading Alquran at the experiment class and the control class. The research design is used nonequivalent control group design, it means that in this design the experiment class nor the control class was not selected randomly.The research results are: (1) The level of students’ ability in reading Alquran in the experiment class before the treatment was classified in poor category, however, after given the treatment it was in good category. (2) The level of students’ ability in reading Alquran in the control class before the treatment was in poor category, however, after given the treatment it was in good category. (3) There are difference of students’ level ability in reading Alquran in the experiment class and the control class.

scholarly journals Novel Mega Best-Seller Karya Luluk HF Mariposa dalam Kajian Resepsi Sastra

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 152
Author(s):  
Tania Intan ◽  
Muhamad Adji
Keyword(s):  
Aggressive Behavior ◽  
Research Data ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Female Protagonist ◽  
Data Source ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Horizon Of Expectations ◽  
The Way

This study discusses the reception of readers of the mega best-seller novel entitled Mariposa by Luluk HF. The purpose of this study is to (1) describe the reader's responses, (2) describe the horizon of readers' expectations, and (3) describe the factors that cause differences in responses and the horizon of expectations of readers of Mariposa's novel. The method applied is descriptive qualitative. This study uses a reception aesthetic approach that seeks to find consistent reception patterns as a reflection of the way the reader responds to the text. The research data consisted of texts containing the responses of twenty respondents from the data source in the form of the Goodreads reader site. The research results obtained are as follows. First, not all readers respond positively to the intrinsic elements of the novel, especially the characterization of the female protagonist who is considered to show aggressive behavior with a love motive. Second, most of the horizons of readers' expectations do not match the reality in Mariposa. Readings are generally motivated by curiosity because of the hyperbolic labeling of the novel, recommendations from friends, and the discourse of filming the novel. Third, the factors that cause the difference or suitability of the horizon of readers' expectations for the Mariposa novel are knowledge of literature, knowledge of life, and experience of reading literary works.

Control of Voice-Onset Time in the Absence of Hearing

2005 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 1334-1343 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harlan Lane ◽  
Joseph S. Perkell
Keyword(s):  
Voice Onset Time ◽  
Onset Time ◽  
Great Difficulty ◽  
Pressure Drops ◽  
Voicing Contrast ◽  
Speech Breathing ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Critical Timing ◽  
Phonological Contrasts ◽  
And Control

The relation between partial or absent hearing and control of the voicing contrast has long been of interest to investigators, in part because speakers who are born deaf characteristically have great difficulty mastering the contrast and in part for the light it can cast on the role of hearing in the acquisition and maintenance of phonological contrasts in general. One of the phonetic characteristics that distinguish voiced from voiceless plosives in English (p/b, t/d, k/g) is voice onset time (VOT): the interval from plosive release to the onset of voicing of the following vowel. This article first reviews research on VOT anomalies in the speech production of prelingually and postlingually deaf speakers. Then it turns to studies of the mechanisms in speech breathing, phonation and articulation that underlie those anomalies. In both populations of speakers, there is a tendency for the difference between voiced and voiceless VOT to be reduced, to the point for many speakers that there is in effect a substitution of the voiced for the voiceless cognate. The separation of the cognate VOTs can be enhanced when some hearing is restored with a cochlear implant. Both populations also present anomalies in speech breathing that can hinder the development of intraoral pressures and transglottal pressure drops that are required for the production of the VOT contrast. Its successful management further requires critical timing among phonatory and articulatory gestures, most of which are not visible, rendering the VOT contrast a particular challenge in the absence of hearing.

3D drug concentration distribution motoring during USP2 dissolution testing

2008 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. S31-S32
Author(s):  
V. Rimpiläinen ◽  
L. Heikkinen ◽  
A. Lehikoinen ◽  
A. Voutilainen ◽  
M. Kuosmanen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Concentration Distribution ◽  
Dissolution Testing
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