The Inhibition Efficiency of Blue Light And Light Intensity On The Growth Rate of Microcystis Aeruginosa

Abstract Lake eutrophication is associated with the occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms which have a negative effect on other organisms. Several studies demonstrated that blue LED irradiation inhibits the growth rate of cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa, while the efficiency varies from study to study. In this paper, the focus was on the effects of light intensity on the growth of M. aeruginosa because the light intensity used in the precious studies varied from 12 to 45 μmol photons m-2 s-1. Growth experiment of M. aeruginosa was conducted with 32 μmol photons m-2 s-1 blue light and fluorescent light, and the results were compared with the findings of previous reports. Furthermore, co-culture of M. aeruginosa and diatom Nitzschia palea was also prepared. The growth rate of M. aeruginosa was 0.33 day-1 and 0.11 day-1 under fluorescent light and blue light, respectively. The blue light dropped the growth rate by 67%. Compared with previous studies, the inhibition efficiency seemed to be the best at 20 μmol photons m-2 s-1. The growth rate of N. palea was 0.62 day-1 and 0.36 day-1 under fluorescent light and blue light, respectively. Since the efficiency of N. palea by blue light (42%) was smaller than that of M. aeruginosa, blue light is considered to be a countermeasure to cyanobacterial blooms.

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Beech sapling architecture following small and medium gap disturbances in silver fir-beech old-growth forests in Slovenia

Schweizerische Zeitschrift fur Forstwesen ◽

10.3188/szf.2005.0481 ◽

2005 ◽

Vol 156 (12) ◽

pp. 481-486 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Jurij Diaci ◽

Lahorka Kozjek

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Stem Length ◽

Silver Fir ◽

Beech Forests ◽

Vertical Growth ◽

Relative Light Intensity ◽

Stem Bending ◽

Negative Effect

The objective of our research was to examine the effect of canopy shading on beech sapling architecture in the oldgrowth silver fir-beech forests of Pecka and Rajhenavski Rog. In August 2003 we sampled one plot (352 m2) in a large gap in Pecka, which was a result of a strong windstorm in 1983, and eight small gaps (26–78 m2) with similar sapling heights (3.8–8 m). A ground view of each gap was drawn including the characteristics of gap border trees and the density of separate sapling layers was recorded. The height and diameter were measured for each sapling, as well as the following quality characteristics on selected dominant saplings: width of the crown,number of larger branches and knots (>1/3 DBH), intensity of stem bending, deviation from vertical growth, number of terminal shoots, and the type of damage. The results show a negative effect of high canopy shading (estimated relative light intensity was below 5%) on the architectural quality of saplings. A lower overall density of saplings, greater intensity of bending and deviation from vertical growth, a shorter stem length without branches, a larger number of saplings with two terminal shoots, and a larger number of damaged saplings were observed in small gaps.

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The competition characteristic of diatom Nitzschia palea and water blooms and the growth inhibition effect of LED Irradiation on cyanobacteria Microcystis aeruginosa

Journal of Japan Society of Civil Engineers Ser G (Environmental Research) ◽

10.2208/jscejer.75.7_iii_97 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 75 (7) ◽

pp. III_97-III_105

Author(s):

Shunsuke WATANABE ◽

Tannen Naythen PODIAPEN ◽

Ryouta ITOSE ◽

Yasushi ISERI ◽

Aimin HAO ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Inhibition ◽

Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽

Nitzschia Palea ◽

Inhibition Effect ◽

Led Irradiation ◽

Water Blooms

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Chemical Characterization of Microcystis aeruginosa for Feed and Energy Uses

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14113013 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (11) ◽

pp. 3013

Author(s):

Larissa Souza Passos ◽

Éryka Costa Almeida ◽

Claudio Martin Pereira de Pereira ◽

Alessandro Alberto Casazza ◽

Attilio Converti ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽

Animal Feed ◽

Renewable Energy Sources ◽

Chemical Characterization ◽

Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽

Energy Sources ◽

Carbohydrate Source ◽

Heating Value ◽

Adverse Health Effects ◽

Degradation Reactions

Cyanobacterial blooms and strains absorb carbon dioxide, drawing attention to its use as feed for animals and renewable energy sources. However, cyanobacteria can produce toxins and have a low heating value. Herein, we studied a cyanobacterial strain harvested during a bloom event and analyzed it to use as animal feed and a source of energy supply. The thermal properties and the contents of total nitrogen, protein, carbohydrate, fatty acids, lipid, and the presence of cyanotoxins were investigated in the Microcystis aeruginosa LTPNA 01 strain and in a bloom material. Microcystins (hepatotoxins) were not detected in this strain nor in the bloom material by liquid chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Thermogravimetric analysis showed that degradation reactions (devolatilization) initiated at around 180 °C, dropping from approximately 90% to 20% of the samples’ mass. Our work showed that despite presenting a low heating value, both biomass and non-toxic M. aeruginosa LTPNA 01 could be used as energy sources either by burning or producing biofuels. Both can be considered a protein and carbohydrate source similar to some microalgae species as well as biomass fuel. It could also be used as additive for animal feed; however, its safety and potential adverse health effects should be further investigated.

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Evidence of Quorum Sensing in Cyanobacteria by Homoserine Lactones: The Origin of Blooms

Water ◽

10.3390/w13131831 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (13) ◽

pp. 1831

Author(s):

Natalia Herrera ◽

Fernando Echeverri

Keyword(s):

Cell Proliferation ◽

Quorum Sensing ◽

Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽

Industrial Effluents ◽

Cyanobacterial Blooms ◽

Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii ◽

Bacterial Communication ◽

Homoserine Lactones ◽

Exogenous Compounds ◽

Almost All

Although several theories have been postulated to explain cyanobacterial blooms, their biochemical origin has not yet been found. In this work, we explore the existence of bacterial communication, called quorum sensing, in Microcystis aeruginosa and Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii. Thus, the application of several known acylhomoserine lactones to cultures of both cyanobacteria causes profound metabolic. At 72 h post-application, some of them produced substantial increases in cell proliferation, while others were inhibitors. There was a correlation with colony-forming activity for most of them. According to ELISA analysis, the microcystin levels were increased with some lactones. However, there was a clear difference between M. aeruginosa and C. raciborskii culture since, in the first one, there was an inducing effect on cell proliferation, while in C. raciborskii, the effects were minor. Besides, there were compound inhibitors and inducers of microcystins production in M. aeruginosa, but almost all compounds were only inducers of saxitoxin production in C. raciborskii. Moreover, each lactone appears to be involved in a specific quorum sensing process. From these results, the formation of cyanobacterial blooms in dams and reservoirs could be explained since lactones may come from cyanobacteria and other sources as bacterial microflora-associated or exogenous compounds structurally unrelated to lactones, such as drugs, industrial effluents, and agrochemicals.

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The inverse correlation between growth rate and cell carbohydrate content of Microcystis aeruginosa

Journal of Applied Phycology ◽

10.1007/s10811-009-9421-1 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 22 (1) ◽

pp. 105-107 ◽

Cited By ~ 18

Author(s):

Chong Wang ◽

Hai-nan Kong ◽

Sheng-bing He ◽

Xiang-yong Zheng ◽

Chun-jie Li

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Microcystis Aeruginosa ◽

Inverse Correlation ◽

Carbohydrate Content

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Effect of Light Intensity and Quality on Growth Rate and Composition of Chlorella vulgaris

Plants ◽

10.3390/plants9010031 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 31 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Maria N. Metsoviti ◽

George Papapolymerou ◽

Ioannis T. Karapanagiotidis ◽

Nikolaos Katsoulas

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Chlorella Vulgaris ◽

Lipid Content ◽

Growth Rates ◽

Solar Irradiance ◽

White Led ◽

Microalgal Biomass ◽

Nm Range ◽

Effect Of Light

In this research, the effect of solar irradiance on Chlorella vulgaris cultivated in open bioreactors under greenhouse conditions was investigated, as well as of ratio of light intensity in the 420–520 nm range to light in the 580–680 nm range (I420–520/I580–680) and of artificial irradiation provided by red and white LED lamps in a closed flat plate laboratory bioreactor on the growth rate and composition. The increase in solar irradiance led to faster growth rates (μexp) of C. vulgaris under both environmental conditions studied in the greenhouse (in June up to 0.33 d−1 and in September up to 0.29 d−1) and higher lipid content in microalgal biomass (in June up to 25.6% and in September up to 24.7%). In the experiments conducted in the closed bioreactor, as the ratio I420–520/I580–680 increased, the specific growth rate and the biomass, protein and lipid productivities increased as well. Additionally, the increase in light intensity with red and white LED lamps resulted in faster growth rates (the μexp increased up to 0.36 d−1) and higher lipid content (up to 22.2%), while the protein, fiber, ash and moisture content remained relatively constant. Overall, the trend in biomass, lipid, and protein productivities as a function of light intensity was similar in the two systems (greenhouse and bioreactor).

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Pycnidium production by Botryodiplodia theobromae. I. The relation of light to the induction of pycnidia

Canadian Journal of Botany ◽

10.1139/b69-160 ◽

1969 ◽

Vol 47 (7) ◽

pp. 1153-1156 ◽

Cited By ~ 16

Author(s):

J. A. Ekundayo ◽

R. H. Haskins

Keyword(s):

Light Intensity ◽

Ultraviolet Radiation ◽

Exposure Period ◽

Fluorescent Light ◽

Botryodiplodia Theobromae ◽

Continuous Irradiation ◽

Long Wave ◽

Light Intensities ◽

Glass Color ◽

Color Filters

Cultures of Botryodiplodia theobromae Pat. produced pycnidia abundantly on several media under continuous irradiation with fluorescent light. The fungus did not sporulate when grown in darkness. Irradiation of cultures with a light intensity of 15 foot-candles for 4 days was sufficient to stimulate pycnidial production, but for appreciable sporulation to occur over the same exposure period, higher light intensities are required. Irradiation of cultures through glass color filters showed that long-wave ultraviolet radiation stimulated sporulation.

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Effects of light intensity and temperature on Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Cyanobacteria) with straight and coiled trichomes: growth rate and morphology

Brazilian Journal of Biology ◽

10.1590/s1519-69842012000200016 ◽

2012 ◽

Vol 72 (2) ◽

pp. 343-351 ◽

Cited By ~ 15

Author(s):

MC. Bittencourt-Oliveira ◽

B. Buch ◽

TC. Hereman ◽

JDT. Arruda-Neto ◽

AN. Moura ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Morphological Changes ◽

Population Control ◽

Distinct Species ◽

Cylindrospermopsis Raciborskii ◽

Climatic Chamber ◽

Light Intensities ◽

Different Temperatures ◽

Lower Temperature

Cylindrospermopsis raciborskii (Woloszynska) Seenayya et Subba Raju (Ordem Nostocales) is one of the most troublesome bloom-forming species in Brazil. Understanding the population dynamics of the different morphotypes of C. raciborskii (straight and coiled) could assist in the prediction of favourable conditions for the proliferation of this potentially toxin-producing species. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of two different light intensities and temperatures on the growth rate and morphology of the trichomes of the straight and coiled morphotypes. For such, two non-toxin producing strains of C. raciborskii were used - one with a coiled trichome (ITEP31) and another with a straight trichome (ITEP28). The strains were cultured in BG-11 medium in a climatic chamber under controlled conditions. Two light intensities (30 and 90 µmol.m-2.s-1 ) were combined at temperatures of 21 and 31 °C and the growth rate and morphological changes were analysed. The morphotypes responded differently to the different temperatures and light intensities. Both strains exhibited faster growth velocities when submitted to higher light intensity and temperature. The lower temperature and higher luminosity hampered the development of both strains. Variations in cellular morphology and an absence of akinetes in both strains were related to the lower temperature (21 °C). The coiled morphotype demonstrated considerable phenotype plasticity, changing the morphology of trichome throughout its growth curve. Although molecular analysis does not sustain the separation of the morphotypes as distinct species, their different eco-physiological responses should be considered further knowledge of extreme importance for the population control of these potentially toxic organisms.

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Effects of Photosynthetic Activity Radiation (PAR) on Green Mustard Plant Growth (Brassica rapa var. parachinensis L.)

BULETIN FISIKA ◽

10.24843/bf.2019.v20.i01.p04 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (1) ◽

pp. 19

Author(s):

Ni Nyoman Ratini ◽

I Wayan Supardi ◽

Yuli Nurfadhillah

Keyword(s):

Growth Rate ◽

Light Intensity ◽

Plant Height ◽

Photosynthetic Activity ◽

Plant Biomass ◽

Vegetative Phase ◽

Active Radiation ◽

Blue Filter ◽

Mustard Plant ◽

Number Of Leaves

A research on the effect of photosynthetic active radiation (PAR) on the growth of green mustard plants has been conducted. The radiation source used is sunlight. Samples have been grouped as a sample which treated by red filter (P1), by orange filter (P2), by purple filter (P3), by green filter (P4), by blue filter (P5) and a sample without filter as a control (P0). Each sample consisted of four plants. The planting was carried out using polybags with compost media. Observations were made from the nursery phase to the slow vegetative phase (day 3rd, when all plants had grown shoots until day 63rd of the harvest). Parameters measured include light intensity, plant height and number of leaves. Measurement is done every three days. Also it measured plant biomass on the last day of observation (63rd day). The results showed that the intensity of each sample had an impact on the harvest. The best growth rate is obtained in P2, both in the nursery phase and fast vegetative phase i.e. 0.119 cm/day and 0.194 cm/day, respectively. While the highest growth rate was obtained in the P3 sample, namely the slow vegetative phase (0.035 cm/day). Overall the best planting results were obtained in P2 samples with plant height of 23.18 cm, number of leaves of 12 strands and plant biomass of 33.56 g.

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