scholarly journals Overuse of Steroid Drugs Methylprednisolone and Dexamethasone (Oral) Causes a Diabetic Patient to Become Infected with the Black Fungus in the Corona Virus.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Singh Chouhan ◽  
Bharat Parihar ◽  
Bharti Rathod ◽  
Ramprasad Prajapat
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diabetes Patient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Ocular Infections ◽  
Excessive Consumption ◽  
Steroid Drugs ◽  
Potential Damage

Abstract Background Overuse of both methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drug on a corona patient can result in serious side effects and new infections may appear during their use. Prolonged use of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone may produce posterior subcapsular glaucoma, glaucoma with potential damage to the optic nerves, and may accelerate the establishment of secondary ocular infections caused by fungi or viruses.It has also been observed that more methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drug increases the level of glucose in the body, leading to normal corona patients who do not have any disease and diabetes after recovering from excessive consumption of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drug.Materials and Methods A cross sectional study was conducted among 50 COVID doctors from the department's outpatient pool of COVID patients, distributing questionnaires to all subjects of different age groups. The questionnaire included information related to the name, age, gender and various factors that affect the doctor's choice of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone.Result and Discussion A total of 50 doctors and some medical stores from across India were included in the survey. Doctors prescribed more methylprednisolone and dexamethasone medicine than steroid medicines to corona patients. In our research, most side effects were observed for corona patients taking methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drug. Conclusion This research had shown that overdose of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drug take diabetes patient he has serious eye effect and cause black fungus.

scholarly journals Overuse of Steroid Drugs Methylprednisolone and Dexamethasone (Oral) Causes a Diabetic Patient to Become Infected With the Black Fungus of the Corona Virus

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ashwin Singh Chouhan ◽  
Bharat Parihar ◽  
Bharti Rathod ◽  
Ramprasad prajapat
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Immunosuppressive Agents ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Diabetes Patient ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infectious Complications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Helminthic Infections ◽  
Potential Damage

Abstract Background We all know that covid-19 virus has damaged a lot of harm to mankind all over the world.Covid-19 got more impact on a country with a huge population like India. After covid-19 in India, the effect of infection called black fungus was more visible.We tried to find out the reason behind the black fungus and we came to know that doctors have prescribed more steroid medicines to prevent further spread of covid-19 infection. Due to more prescribed steroids Immunity level reduced in covid -19 patients. The black fungus present in the environment infects people with low immunity, easily entering their body and infecting them. In this research paper, we have uncovered the reason behind black fungus in India after the recovery of Covid-19 patients. Overuse of both methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drugs on a corona patient can result in serious side effects and new infections may appear during their use. Infection with any pathogen, including viral, bacterial, fungal, protozoan, or helminthic infections at any site of the body, may be associated with the use of methylprednisolone or dexamethasone in combination with other immunosuppressive agents that increase cellular immunity, humoral immunity, or Suppress neutrophils. The function they affect.These infections can be mild, but can be serious and sometimes fatal. Overuse doses of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone, the rate of occurrence of infectious complications increases. When methylprednisolone and dexamethasone are used, there may be reduced resistance an inability to localize the infection.Prolonged use of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone may produce posterior subcapsular glaucoma, glaucoma with potential damage to the optic nerves; it may accelerate the establishment of secondary ocular infections caused by fungi or viruses.It has also been observed that more methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drugs increases the level of glucose in the body, leading to normal corona patients who do not have any disease and diabetes after recovering from excessive consumption of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drugs.Materials and MethodsA cross-sectional study was conducted among 50 COVID doctors from the department's outpatient pool of COVID patients, distributing questionnaires to all subjects of different age groups. The questionnaire included information related to the name, age, gender and various factors that affect the doctor's choice of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone.Result and DiscussionA total of 50 doctors and some medical stores from across India were included in the survey. Doctors prescribed more methylprednisolone and dexamethasone medicine than steroid medicines to corona patients. In our research, most side effects were observed for corona patients taking methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drugs. ConclusionThis research had shown that overdose of methylprednisolone and dexamethasone drugs take diabetes patient he has serious eye effect and causes black fungus.

scholarly journals The Accuracy of Broselow Tape Weight Estimate among Pediatric Population

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Turki M. AlHarbi ◽  
Abdullaziz AlGarni ◽  
Fasial AlGamdi ◽  
Mona Jawish ◽  
Tariq Ahmad Wani ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Pediatric Population ◽  
Body Height ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Accurate Estimation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Actual Weight ◽  
Medical City

Objective.To determine the accuracy of the Broselow Tape (BT) versions 2007 and 2011 in estimating weight among pediatric population.Methods.A cross-sectional study was conducted at King Fahad Medical City and six schools across Riyadh province on 1–143-month-old children. BT 2007 and 2011 estimated weights were recorded. Both tapes via the child’s height produce an estimated weight, which was compared with the actual weight.Results.A total of 3537 children were recruited. The height (cm) of the subjects was97.7±24.1and the actual weight (kg) was16.07±8.9, whereas the estimated weight determined by BT 2007 was15.87±7.56and by BT 2011 was16.38±7.95. Across all the five age groups, correlation between actual weight and BT 2007 ranged between 0.702 and 0.788, while correlation between actual weight and BT 2011 ranged between 0.698 and 0.788. Correlation between BT 2007 and BT 2011 across all the five age groups ranged from 0.979 to 0.989. Accuracy of both the tape versions was adversely affected when age was >95 months and body weight was >26 kilograms.Conclusions.Our study showed that BT 2007 and 2011 provided accurate estimation of the body weight based on measured body height. However, 2011 version provided more precise estimate for weight.

scholarly journals Treatment outcomes and influencing factors on patients with Pulmonary Tuberculosis: a retrospective study

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 105-108
Author(s):  
Jamshid Ayatollahi ◽  
◽  
Abolhasan Halvani ◽  
Mohammadhesam Gharaei Khezri ◽  
Hossein Shahcheraghi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sputum Culture ◽  
Response To Treatment ◽  
Sputum Smear ◽  
Drug Side Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference

Introduction: Tuberculosis infection caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis is one of the most common infectious diseases, especially in countries such as Iran. The course of treatment and the number of drugs used vary depending on the severity of the disease and the parts of the body involved. The resistant tuberculosis to treatment has increased in recent years. Thus, this study was conducted to investigate the frequency distribution of response to treatment of patients with tuberculosis in Sirjan, Iran. Methods: This descriptive cross-sectional study investigated all patients with tuberculosis in Sirjan city who had referred to health centers during the years 2011-2019. The data collection tool was a pre-prepared checklist that included information on age, sex, sputum smear results, sputum culture results, diabetes, patients' nationality, drug side effects, and response to treatment. Finally, data was entered into SPSS version 22, and analyzed. Results: In this study, the overall response rate was 83% and the mortality rate was 10%. Between the frequency distribution of response to treatment in terms of gender, age, sputum smear results, sputum culture results, patients' nationality and diabetes was not statistically significant difference. Also, no statistically significant difference was found between the frequency distribution of pulmonary TB treatment response in terms of drug allergy, drug hepatitis and other drug side effects. Conclusion: According to results, can be concluded that none of the variables: age, sex, smear and culture result, and history of diabetes have no an effect on response to treatment and mortality of tuberculosis.

scholarly journals Side Effects Following Administration of the First Dose of Oxford-AstraZeneca’s Covishield Vaccine in Bangladesh: A Cross-Sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 888-901
Author(s):  
Nishat Jahan ◽  
Fahad Imtiaz Rahman ◽  
Poushali Saha ◽  
Sadia Afruz Ether ◽  
ASM Roknuzzaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Post Vaccination ◽  
Long Term Follow Up ◽  
Larger Sample

In response to the raging COVID-19 pandemic, Bangladesh started its vaccine administration in early 2021; however, due to the rapid development and launch of the vaccines in the market, many people had concerns regarding the safety of these vaccines. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the side effects that were experienced by the Bangladeshi residents after receiving the first dose of the Oxford-AstraZeneca’s Covishield vaccine (ChAdOx1nCoV-19). The study was conducted using both online and printed questionnaires and the data were analysed using SPSS. The results included the responses of 474 vaccine recipients from March–April 2021. Pain at the site of injection, fever, myalgia, fatigue and headache were the most commonly reported symptoms, and the overall side effects were found to be significantly more prevalent in the younger population (p ≤ 0.05). These findings were consistent with the results indicated by the clinical trial of ChAdOx1nCoV-19. Logistic regression analysis further revealed that compared to people aged 70 years or above, the incidence of reported side effects was significantly higher in people aged 18–30 years (odds ratio (OR) = 8.56), 31–40 years, (OR = 5.05), 41–50 years (OR = 4.08), 51–60 years (OR = 3.77) and 61–70 years (OR = 3.67). In addition, a significantly higher percentage of female participants suffered from post-vaccination side effects compared to males (OR = 1.51). It was concluded that the Covishield vaccine was well-tolerated among people of different age groups. Nevertheless, further long-term follow-up study with a larger sample size is warranted to establish the long-term safety of the COVID-19 vaccine.

scholarly journals Prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares de um colégio militar

2019 ◽  
Vol 88 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Paixão Fayer ◽  
Maria Marta Conrado ◽  
Luciano Miranda ◽  
Renato Melo Ferreira ◽  
Everton Rocha Soares ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Military College

Introdução: Nas últimas décadas aumentou o número de pessoas acima do peso, incluindo crianças e adolescentes, fato que é considerado preocupante, pois pode acarretar diversas doenças crônicas, em longo prazo.Objetivo: Avaliar a prevalência de sobrepeso e obesidade em escolares de um colégio militar, investigando possíveis diferenças entre os sexos e as faixas etárias.Métodos: Estudo quantitativo, transversal, do qual participaram 381 escolares de um colégio militar de Minas Gerais, de 11 a 17 anos, sendo 213 meninos e 168 meninas. Calculou-se o índice de massa corporal (IMC) que foi classificado segundo o PROESP-BR. Para testar diferenças entre os sexos, utilizou-se o teste do Qui-Quadrado (X2) e para testar a relação entre idade e IMC, utilizou-se a correlação de Pearson. Significância estatística: p < 0,05.Resultados: Foi observado sobrepeso em 17,8% (n = 68) e de obesidade em 5,8% (n = 22) dos escolares. Houve correlação positiva entre a idade cronológica e o IMC (r = 0,32; p < 0,0001). Não houve correlação entre estado nutricional e faixa etária. Não foram observadas diferenças significativas entre os sexos, em relação ao sobrepeso e à obesidade (16,9% e 6,6% nos meninos vs. 19,0% e 4,8% nas meninas, respectivamente).Conclusão: A prevalência sobrepeso e obesidade nos escolares do colégio militar, em conjunto, foi de 23,6%, tanto nos meninos quanto nas meninas, sem diferença significativa entre as faixas etárias. Essa prevalência foi similar à média de escolares brasileiros.Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity in Students of a Military SchoolIntroduction: Over the past few decades, the number of overweight people, including children and adolescents has increased significantly, a fact that is considered worrying, as it can lead to several chronic diseases in the long term.Objective: To evaluate the prevalence of overweight and obesity in schoolchildren of a military college, investigating possible differences between sexes and age groups.Methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was carried out in which 381 students from a military school in Minas Gerais, aged 11 to 17 years, were 213 boys and 168 girls. The body mass index (BMI) was calculated according to the PROESP-BR. To test for gender differences, the Chi-square test (X2) was used and Pearson's correlation was used to test the relationship between age and BMI. Statistical significance: p <0.05.Results: Overweight was observed in 17.8% (n = 68) and obesity in 5.8% (n = 22) of the students. There was a positive correlation between chronological age and BMI (r = 0.32; p <0.0001). There was no correlation between nutritional status and age range. No significant differences were observed between genders regarding overweight and obesity (16.9% and 6.6% in boys vs. 19.0% and 4.8% in girls, respectively).Conclusion: The prevalence of overweight and obesity in the students of the military college, together, was 23.6% in both boys and girls, with no significant difference between age groups. This prevalence was similar to the average of Brazilian schoolchildren.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of CoronaVac Side Effects: An Independent Cross-Sectional Study among Healthcare Workers in Turkey

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2629
Author(s):  
Abanoub Riad ◽  
Derya Sağıroğlu ◽  
Batuhan Üstün ◽  
Andrea Pokorná ◽  
Jitka Klugarová ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Public Confidence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk

Background: COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is a serious threat to mass vaccination strategies that need to be accelerated currently in order to achieve a substantial level of community immunity. Independent (non-sponsored) studies have a great potential to enhance public confidence in vaccines and accelerate their uptake process. Methods: A nationwide cross-sectional study for the side effects (SE) of CoronaVac was carried out in February 2021 among Turkish healthcare workers who were recently vaccinated. The questionnaire inquired about local and systemic SEs that occurred in the short-term, within four weeks, following vaccination. Results: A total of 780 healthcare workers were included in this study; 62.5% of them experienced at least one SE. Injection site pain (41.5%) was the most common local SE, while fatigue (23.6%), headache (18.7%), muscle pain (11.2%) and joint pain (5.9%) were the common systemic SEs. Female healthcare workers (67.9%) were significantly more affected by local and systemic SEs than male colleagues (51.4%). Younger age, previous infection, and compromised health status (chronic illnesses and regular medicines uptake) can be associated with an increased risk of CoronaVac SEs; Conclusions: The independent research shows a higher prevalence of CoronaVac SEs than what is reported by phase I–III clinical trials. In general, the results of this study confirm the overall safety of CoronaVac and suggest potential risk factors for its SEs. Gender-based differences and SEs distribution among age groups are worth further investigation.

Quimioterapia: Efeitos Colaterais e Influência no Estado Nutricional de Pacientes Oncológicos

UNICIÊNCIAS ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 100
Author(s):  
Fernanda Elise Corrêa ◽  
Márcia Keller Alves
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Clinical Stage ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Chemotherapy Treatment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Outpatient Chemotherapy

Por ser um tratamento medicamentoso sistêmico, a quimioterapia atinge não somente as células cancerosas como também as células sadias do organismo, levando a efeitos colaterais indesejados. O texto tem por objetivo analisar a influência dos efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia no estado nutricional de pacientes oncológicos de um hospital de Caxias do Sul. Tratou-se de um estudo transversal descritivo. A população de estudo se constitui por pacientes diagnosticados com câncer e em tratamento quimioterápico ambulatorial no período da coleta de dados (junho a setembro de 2016). Como instrumento de coleta de dados foi utilizada a versão, em português, da Avaliação Subjetiva Global - Produzida pelo Paciente. Informações referentes aos dados gerais do paciente (idade, gênero, peso pregresso e atual, e altura), tipo de tumor, estádio clínico da doença, foram retiradas dos prontuários dos pacientes. Os dados foram analisados descritivamente no software Excel Microsoft® e apresentados através de frequência absoluta (n) e relativa (%). Foram avaliados 42 pacientes, com prevalência do gênero feminino. Os principais efeitos colaterais encontrados foram os sintomas orais, gastrointestinais, sistêmico e inapetência, sendo que a maioria dos pacientes relatou apresentar estes sintomas concomitantemente. Apenas 11,9% dos pacientes relataram não sentir efeitos colaterais do tratamento quimioterápico. Pacientes classificados com excesso de peso e bem nutridos foram os que mais relataram efeitos colaterais. Mostraram-se os efeitos colaterais da quimioterapia, tendo como principais sintomas os orais e os relacionados ao trato gastrointestinal, o que pode vir a afetar diretamente o estado nutricional destes pacientes, considerando que uma grande parte dos indivíduos teve perda de peso significativa.Palavras chaves: Quimioterapia. Câncer. Estado Nutricional AbstractAs a systemic drug treatment, chemotherapy acts not only on the cancer cells but also the healthy cells of the body, leading to undesirable side effects. Analyzing the influence of chemotherapy effects of cancer patients from a hospital in Caxias do Sul, this  was a descriptive cross-sectional study. The study population consists of patients diagnosed with cancer and in outpatient chemotherapy treatment during the period of data collection (June to September 2016). As a data collection instrument,  the Portuguese version of the Subjective Global Assessment was used - Produced by the Patient. Information regarding the patients’ general data (age, gender, previous and current weight, and height), type of tumor, clinical stage of the disease, was gathered from the patients' records. The data were analyzed descriptively in Microsoft® Excel software and presented through absolute (n) and relative (%) frequency. 42 patients, with a prevalence of the female gender, were evaluated. The main side effects were oral, gastrointestinal, systemic and inappetence symptoms, with most of the patients reporting these symptoms concomitantly. Only 11.9% of the patients reported no side effects of chemotherapy treatment. Patients classified as overweight and well- nourished were the ones that reported the most side effects. The side effects of chemotherapy have been shown, and the main symptoms were the ones related to the oral and gastrointestinal tract, which can directly affect the patients’ nutritional status. Keywords: Chemotherapy. Cancer. Nutritional Status.

scholarly journals Health conditions of young and old elderly

Rev Rene ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 120 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cibelle Barbosa Reis ◽  
Rozeli Santos de Jesus ◽  
Carla Silvana de Oliveira e Silva ◽  
Lucinéia De Pinho
Keyword(s):  
Daily Living ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Older Americans ◽  
White Skin ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Excessive Consumption

to evaluate the elderly about the socio-demographic profile and health conditions in the age groups from 60 to 75 years old (“young” elderly) and above 76 years (“old” elderly). Methods: this is a cross-sectional study and home based. The data were collected applying a questionnaire based on the model developed by the Older Americans Resources and Services. Results: 118 elderly participated in the study, being 68.6% “young”, 58% illiterate, 85.2% with income less than two minimum wages and 70.4% with non-white skin. The “old” elderly had a higher proportion of loss of the companion (p=0.002), non-communicable chronic diseases (p=0.023) and dependence to perform activities of daily living (p=0.036). Both age groups had low physical activity, excessive consumption of medicaments and chewing problems. Conclusion: the model of health facing the elderly, should not be restricted to treatment of diseases but cover their functional capacity.

scholarly journals Study of Pattern of Histopathological Lesions in Nephrectomy Cases in Southern Rajasthan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gulshan Kumar Mukhiya ◽  
Geeta W Mukhiya ◽  
Manisha Jain ◽  
Upasana Bhumbla ◽  
Narendra Mogra ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The Body ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Histopathological Lesions ◽  
Wide Range

Introduction: The kidney is one of the most highly differentiated organs in the body, affected by various disease processes, some resulting in permanent damage leading to surgical removal of the organ i.e., nephrectomy. Patterns of the indications for nephrectomy vary in different age groups, geographical locations and time periods. Nephrectomy is a common procedure in urological practice done for various conditions like calculi, chronic pylelonephritis, malignancy, obstruction, injury etc., with wide range of morbidity and mortality. Aim: The aim of this study was to study the pattern of histopathological lesions in nephrectomy cases in Southern Rajasthan. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted in the Department of Pathology, Geetanjali Medical College and Hospital (GMCH), Udaipur, Rajasthan. It was a cross-sectional study performed on 121 patients, from January 2015 to March 2020 in which patient’s detail such as age, sex, gross and microscopic findings were retrieved and reviewed. Data was tabulated and analysed. Results: A total of 121 specimens of nephrectomy were included in the study. Among 121 nephrectomy cases, higher incidence was observed in 6th and 3rd decade of life with approximately equal preponderance of male and female; 0.98:1. Out of 121 cases 88 (72.7%) were non-neoplastic and 33 (22.27%) were neoplastic. Conclusion: Benign conditions of kidney are the leading cause of End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) in the developing world. In our country, there are an increased number of ESRD which require dialysis and transplantation. This study has been performed to know the different causes of nephrectomy in a tertiary care center of India.

scholarly journals Comparison of body mass index and intraocular pressure

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 367
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar ◽  
Nikhil Sharma ◽  
Anjani Rathee ◽  
Nitesh Pradhan
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Intraocular Pressure ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Normal Weight ◽  
The Body ◽  
Body Type ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Mean

Background: Raised intaocular pressure is considered as a major risk factor for developing optic neuropathy. Intraocular pressure (IOP) depends on various systemic and local factors and it has been postulated that IOP increases proportionately with increase in systolic blood pressure and increase in degree of obesity. The aim of this study was to compare the Body Mass Index (BMI) and Intraocular Pressure (IOP) in adult population.Methods: Four hundred ninety nine participants (284 male, 215 female) aged between 20 to 70 years were included in the cross-sectional study. On the basis of BMI subjects were divided into four categories i.e. underweight, normal weight, overweight and obese as per revised body type classification for Indian population recommended by Ministry of Health and Diabetes foundation of India. The mean IOP difference was 14.6±1.8 as compared amongst the four categories.Results: The participants were divided into six categories according to age and the mean IOP of different age groups was calculated. The changes in the mean IOP of males was 15.8±2.5 mm of Hg and the mean IOP of females was 14.7±2.2 mm of Hg. The results of the current study were statistically significant p<0.01.Conclusions: By concluding the current study as well as in the previous published literature, the findings of the current study were statistically significant. IOP was positively correlated with BMI. However, the clinical significance cannot be confirmed by the minor deviation in the IOP as well as BMI of the participants.

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