scholarly journals Can Topical Nasal Steroid Prevent the Loss of Smell in Covid-19?

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mustafa Timurkaan ◽  
Yavuz Sultan Selim Yıldırım
Keyword(s):  
Demographic Data ◽  
Olfactory Nerve ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Sense Of Smell ◽  
Nasal Steroids ◽  
Nasal Steroid ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Purpose: The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of nasal steroid use on the loss of smell in patients diagnosed with Covid-19.Material and Method: 211 patients diagnosed with Covid-19 with positive PCR tests between April 2020 and December 2020 and followed up and treated in the Elazig City Hospital Pandemic Clinic were included in this cross-sectional study. The demographic data, comorbidities and drug use histories of the patients were interviewed face-to-face and recorded.Findings: The average age of the patients was 53.55 ± 17.81 (129 men, 82 women). Regarding the age, gender and comorbidities of the patients, there was no difference between the groups with and without loss of smell in terms of average age and gender. Anosmia developed in 50 patients (23.5%) and hyposmia developed in 84 patients (40%). No decrease or loss of sense of smell was observed in 77 patients. 26 of these patients were using nasal steroids at the time of diagnosis, and none of them had a decrease or loss in sense of smell.Results: With the results of the study, it has presented for the first time to the literature that the use of nasal steroids can prevent the loss of smell, which is one of the common neurological symptoms in Covid-19. The results of our study suggest that the nasal steroid, which plays an immunomodulatory role, can be a shield against loss of smell by creating a local anti-inflammatory effect in the nasal mucosa and around the olfactory nerve.

Factors contributing to intentional injuries in Iranian university students

2017 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kobra Abedian Kasgary ◽  
Zeinab Hamzehgardeshi ◽  
Zohreh Shahhosseini
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Human Action ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intentional Injuries ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
History Of ◽  
And Gender ◽  
The University

Abstract Background Intentional injuries refer to injuries resulting from purposeful human action, whether directed at oneself or others. This study was performed to assess intentional injuries in Iranian university students. Methods This cross-sectional study was carried out with 430 female and male university in three higher education institutions located in the northern part of Iran in the year 2015. Samples were chosen through the stratified cluster random sampling method. They were requested to fill out the demographic data form and the Persian version of the Youth Risk Behavior Survey Questionnaire. Descriptive and inferential statistics were used for data analysis via the SPSS v.13 software. Findings Intentional injuries were more frequent in the male university students than female (p < 0.05). Also, 9.1% and 6.7% of the university students were physically injured or sexually assaulted by a boy/girl friend. No statistically significant difference was reported in dating violence between the male and female university students. The logistic regression test showed that the history of stealing money from parents without their permission, son’s preferences in the family and gender are the most important predisposing factors for the university students’ intentional injury. Conclusion It is suggested that health policy makers consider the role of family in programs that have been designed for improving the health of young people.

Perceived stress and health-related outcomes in a Swiss population sample 1This research was supported by grants from the Swiss Federal Office of Public Health, the Swiss Foundation of Health Promotion and the Swiss Federal Office of Sports.

2001 ◽  
Vol 60 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M. Gehring ◽  
Line Aubert ◽  
Oliver Padlina ◽  
Eva Martin-Diener ◽  
Bertino Somaini
Keyword(s):  
Perceived Stress ◽  
General Health ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Population Sample ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Swiss Population ◽  
Health Related ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Stress And Health

This cross-sectional study aimed at analysing the perception of stress and its relation to health-related outcomes in the Swiss population. A sample drawn from this population included 992 participants aged 15 to 64 years. The interview covered socio-demographic data, perceived stress, psychological and somatic symptoms as well as perceived general health status. Patterns of stress were grouped into three categories. “Stressed” included persons who reported that they felt overwhelmed by stressful situations during the previous month. “Challenged” included those who reported that they experienced stressful situations but could manage those well. “Not stressed” consisted of respondents who did not experience stress. Results indicated that 38.6% of the sample reported being stressed, 33.3% challenged and 28.1% not stressed. Analysis of the distribution of perceived stress showed that, in particular, women, younger people, single parents, students and the self-employed felt stressed relatively often. In a logistic regression analysis, age and gender remained the factors most strongly associated with self-perceived stress. Perception of stress was not related to subjective ratings of general health. However, respondents in the stressed category were more likely than their counterparts to indicate various clinically relevant symptoms. 2 The authors are grateful to Julie Page and Jen Wang for their critical reading of the manuscript.

scholarly journals FREQUENCY OF EARLY POST-ERCP ADVERSE EVENTS IN BOTH DIAGNOSTIC AND THERAPEUTIC PROCEDURES

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-45
Author(s):  
Dure Nayab ◽  
Sana Ara Akhtar ◽  
Sher Rehman ◽  
Hafsa Habib
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Events ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Endoscopic Retrograde ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Therapeutic Procedures ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Set Up

Background: Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) is widely used for diagnosis and treatment of hepatobiliary disorders. However, there are many adverse events associated with this procedure. The objective of this study was to determine the frequency of early post-ERCP adverse events in both diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in our set-up. Material & Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted at Department of Gastroenterology, Hayatabad Medical Complex, Peshawar, Pakistan, from 20th December, 2016 to 20th January, 2017. Consecutive sampling technique was used. Patients undergoing ERCP whether diagnostic or therapeutic, irrespective of age and gender, were included. Those having evidence of pancreatitis, cholangitis, or previous ERCP, or abdominal surgery were excluded. The outcome was early post-ERCP complications including pancreatitis, cholangitis, bleeding and perforation. The patients were assessed for these complications immediately and 72 hours after the procedure. Demographic data like age and gender were recorded. The data regarding early post-ERCP complications were recorded and presented as frequencies. Results: Total 102 patients were included in the study. Among these, 38(37.3%) were males and 64 (62.7%) females. Mean age of patients included was 50.89±15.67 years (range 8 to 90 years). Overall post-ERCP complications were noted in 6(5.88%) patients. The most common complication was cholangitis in 5(4.9%) patients, followed by pancreatitis in only one (0.98%). Bleeding and perforation occurred in none of our patients. Conclusion: The most common Post-ERCP complication is cholangitis. Based on our findings, we suggest closer monitoring of patients undergoing ERCP for development of infection. Proper disinfection protocols should be followed to prevent infection.

Frequency of Thrombocytopenia in Neonatal Sepsis

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (10) ◽  
pp. 3381-3383
Author(s):  
Naheem Ahmed ◽  
Khawaja Tahir Aziz ◽  
Rashada Bibi ◽  
Munazza Nazir ◽  
Sadaf Nawaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Sepsis ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Maternal Hypertension ◽  
Neonatal Thrombocytopenia ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Objective: To determine the frequency of neonatal thrombocytopenia among patients presented with sepsis at tertiary care Hospital. Methodology: This cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of pediatrics SKBZ/CMH Muzaffarabad, during six months from September 2018 to March 2019. All the diagnosed septic neonates, age < 28 days and either gender were included. Their basic demographic data like age and gender, along with their contact details were taken. The sample of blood was sent in blood culture bottles to hospital laboratory to confirm bacterial growth, that was diagnosed as sepsis. Blood sample was sent to the hospital also to diagnose thrombocytopenia. Reports were consulted by the pathologist. All the data were collected by a structured study proforma. All data were entered and analyzed with the help of SPSS version 22. Results: The mean age of patients was 8.92 ± 5.40 days with minimum and maximum age as 1 and 27 days. There were 117(47.56%) males and 129(52.44%) female cases. A total of 40(16.26%) cases had their maternal hypertension, 54(21.95%) neonates had gram + and 157(63.82%) neonates had Gram negative. A total of 63(25.61%) cases had thrombocytopenia while 183(74.39%) neonates were seen without thrombocytopenia. The frequency of thrombocytopenia was statistically insignificant according to gender and types of culture (p->0.05). Conclusion: It is concluded that frequency of thrombocytopenia in neonatal sepsis was found in a quarter of the cases. In neonatal sepsis, thrombocytopenia must be ruled out at patient’s presentation and must be treated as early as possible as thrombocytopenia is an independent risk factor for sepsis-associated mortality. Keywords: Incidence, thrombocytopenia, neonatal sepsis

scholarly journals Determinants of Stress and Effects on Performance in Part of Lebanese University Medical Residents During Fourth Quarter of 2019

2021 ◽  
pp. 132-148
Author(s):  
Zaynab Toufic Zaylaa ◽  
Aicha Toufic Zaylaa ◽  
Rouwayda Dana ◽  
Bassem Abou Merhi ◽  
Ahmad Mohamad Adawiye
Keyword(s):  
Medical Errors ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Medical Residents ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Gender

Background and Objective: Medical residents face challenges that expose them to high risk of developing stress. Stress could reach burnout levels and become harmful to residents and patients. This study aimed to determine the prevalence of stress in current Lebanese University (LU) residents and assessing correlations with some risk factors and consequences. Subjects and Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 130 current LU residents who filled out a questionnaire concerning their demographic data, residency specialty and year, workload, special habits, depression, stress, and frequency of medical errors. Depression and stress scores were obtained using DASS-21 scale. Collected data was analyzed using ANOVA and chi- Square tests in SPSS to find descriptive statistics and correlations. Results: Out of the enrolled residents, 70% had stress ranging between mild and extreme severity. The mean age of the residents was 27.2 years. Females had higher stress than males and gender accounted for 14.1% of variance in stress among residents. Our results implied that internal medicine specialty imposes higher stress than surgery specialty with a significant difference of 4.04 points and working more than 50 hours per week which accounts for 7.6% of variance in stress. Residents had, on average, 4.38 hours of sleep per night and a negative association was found between sleep and stress. Depression was prevalent; 18.5% had severe depression, 3.1% had extremely severe depression, and stress was significantly correlated with it. Similarly, stress was associated with medical errors. No significant correlation was detected between age, marital status, parenting, and residency year, on call duties, or special habits and stress. Conclusion: Stress among medical residents is high due to the different challenges at the personal and occupational level. Stress should be managed especially that it could lead to harmful consequences on the resident’s health and patient’s safety.

scholarly journals Investigation of the Predictors of Self-rated Health of Economically Disadvantaged African American Men and Women: Evidence for Sponge Hypothesis

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sharon Cobb ◽  
Shervin Assari
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Economically Disadvantaged ◽  
African American Men ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Linear Regression Models ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Men And Women ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Self Rated Health ◽  
And Gender

Background and aims: According to the sponge hypothesis, compared to men’s self-rated health (SRH), women’s SRH is more likely to reflect conditions other than chronic medical conditions (CMCs) such as psychiatric disorders (PDs). As a result, poor SRH is a weaker predictive factor for mortality risk for women than men. Most of this literature, however, is done in samples that are predominantly middleclass White. To test the sponge hypothesis among economically disadvantaged African Americans (AAs), this study compared low-income AA men and women for the effects of the number of PDs and CMCs on SRH. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional study recruited a non-random sample (n=150) of economically disadvantaged AA adults with PD(s). Structured face-to-face interviews were used to collect data. SRH was measured using a single-item measure. PDs and CMCs were also self-reported. We applied linear regression models to test the interactions between SRH and the number of PDs and CMC as well as gender. Results: The number of PDs and CMCs were associated with SRH in the pooled sample of low-income AA adults with PD(s). However, we found a significant interaction between the number of PDs and gender. This interaction suggested a stronger association between PDs and SRH for AA women than AA men. Gender did not alter the association between the number of CMCs and SRH. Conclusion: The number of PDs is a determinant of SRH for low-income AA women but not AA men, supporting the sponge hypothesis.

scholarly journals Relationship Between Concomitant Atopic Diseases With Atopic Dermatitis Severity And Persistence.

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
Adawiyah Jamil ◽  
Siew Wen Goh ◽  
Chon Sian Lee ◽  
Mohan Arumugam
Keyword(s):  
Atopic Dermatitis ◽  
Family History ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Atopic Disease ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Atopic Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Tertiary Hospitals ◽  
History Of

Introduction: The atopic march consists of atopic dermatitis (AD), allergic rhinitis or sinusitis (AR), allergic conjunctivitis (AC) and bronchial asthma (BA). The influence of concomitant atopic diseases on AD is under-explored. We determined the relationship between personal and family history of atopic diseases with AD severity and persistence. Methods: A cross sectional study involving AD patients was performed at dermatology clinics of two tertiary hospitals. Inclusion criterion was all patients diagnosed with AD. Demographic data, personal and family history of atopy (BA, AR and AC) were obtained by face-to-face interview. AD severity was evaluated using Investigator’s Global Assessment (IGA). AD was considered persistent if continued beyond age 12 years. Results: Sixty patients aged 21.6±17.2 participated. There were 25(41.7%) with concomitant AR, 16(26.7%) BA and 12(20%) AC. Forty seven (78.3%) patients had family history of atopy, 25(41.7%) had eczema, 24(40%) AR, 19(31.7%) BA and 2(3.3%) AC. Patients with BA [OR=3.8, 95%CI 1.04 to 14.4)], BA and AR [OR=9.74, 95%CI 1.13 to 83.67) and family history of BA [OR= 4.00, 95%CI 1.20 to 13.27) were more likely to exhibit moderate-severe AD. Personal AR, AC and family history of AD and BA were significantly more prevalent in patients with persistent AD. Conclusions: AR was the most common atopic disease associated with AD. Family history of eczema and AR were common. Personal BA, BA with AR and family history of BA were predictors of severe AD. Personal AR, AC and family history of AD and BA were associated with AD persistence.

P1498ASSOCIATIONS OF HEALTH LITERACY WITH DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY IN DIALYSED PATIENTS IN SLOVAKIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 35 (Supplement_3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivana Skoumalová ◽  
Jaroslav Rosenberger ◽  
Andrea Madarasova Geckova
Keyword(s):  
Health Literacy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Healthcare Providers ◽  
Emotional Problems ◽  
Hierarchical Cluster ◽  
Good Health ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Abstract Background and Aims Depression and anxiety is common in dialysed patients (Ng et al., 2015; de Brito et al., 2019) and associated with decreased quality of life, worse health outcomes and increased mortality (Schouten et al., 2019, Lopes at al., 2002). Health literacy (HL) as the ability to gain access, understand, and use information to promote and maintain good health (WHO, 1998) may be hampered by emotional problems such as depression and anxiety. The aim of our study is to examine the association of HL with depression and anxiety in dialysed patients in Slovakia. Method Cross-sectional study on 542 dialysed patients (mean age = 63.6, males = 60.7%) was conducted in 20 dialysis clinics in Slovakia from January to November 2018. Socio-demographic data, data on 9 domains of HL and data on depression and anxiety were collected by questionnaires. Hierarchical cluster analysis was used to create three clusters of patients (low, moderate, high HL). Depression and anxiety was dichotomized as 0-no/low symptoms and 1-moderate/severe symptoms. Association of HL clusters with depression and anxiety was analysed using logistic regression adjusted for age and gender. Results We found that patients in low HL cluster and moderate HL cluster were more likely to have moderate/severe symptoms of depression and anxiety than patients in high HL cluster. Odds ratio (OR) for depression for low HL cluster: 7.60; 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 2.88 – 20.06; p&lt;0.000 and for moderate HL cluster: OR: 4.85; 95% CI: 1.87 – 12.56; p&lt;0.001. OR for anxiety for low HL cluster: 3.14; 95% CI:1.55 – 6.35; p&lt;0.001 and for moderate HL cluster: OR 2.16;95% CI: 1.10 – 4.24; p&lt;0.05. Conclusion Patients with lower levels of HL suffer from anxiety and depression more than patients with higher levels of HL. These findings point to the need of regular screening of emotional problems such as depression and anxiety and their treatment as they may hamper capacities of dialysed patients for self-management as well as effective treatment of the disease from the perspective of healthcare providers.

scholarly journals Burden of Heart Failure Patients in a Tertiary Level Cardiac Hospital

1970 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 24-29 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Kabiruzzaman ◽  
FN Malik ◽  
N Ahmed ◽  
M Badiuzzaman ◽  
SR Choudhury ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Heart Disease ◽  
Ischaemic Heart Disease ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
City Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Heart Failure Patients ◽  
Co Morbidity

Objective: Heart failure (HF) has become an increasingly frequent cause of hospital admission and carries a poor prognosis. There is a paucity of data in Indo-Asians particularly in Bangladesh on characteristics of heart failure patients. The purpose of this study was to determine the etiological factors and co-morbidity of hospitalized heart failure patients. Method: A hospital based cross sectional study was done at a tertiary cardiac hospital in Dhaka city. Hospital medical records of 14009 patients admitted between January 2005 and August 2006 were reviewed and 1970 patients with the diagnosis of HF were identified. Relevant etiological information and socio demographic data were abstracted from the hospital record files. Result: About one-seventh of total hospital admitted patient had HF. Mean age (SD) was 54.1 (15.3) years. Majority (35.79%) had ischaemic heart disease (IHD) as the principal etiological factor but this frequently coexisted with a history of hypertension (46.8%). Hypertension was considered the primary risk factor of HF in 29.14% of cases. Hypertension alone and in coexistence with other etiology was found in 48.07% (947) cases. Diabetes Mellitus (DM) co-existed with IHD in 41.4% (292) and it (32.64%) was found more prevalent in Dilated Cardiomyopathy (DCM) patient with HF. Conclusions: The mean age of hospitalized HF patients is remarkably lower than other related studies done abroad. The single most common etiology for HF is ischemic heart disease in this population. Hypertension is the most common risk factor. Measures to prevent ischaemic heart disease and control of risk factors are essential to prevent premature onset of HF. DOI: 10.3329/jbcps.v28i1.4640 J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2010; 28: 24-29

scholarly journals Knowledge, attitude and behaviour towards the role of diet in acne vulgaris among students

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (10) ◽  
pp. 1536
Author(s):  
D. Manoharan ◽  
K. V. Udhayini ◽  
K. Manoharan ◽  
N. Ashok Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Acne Vulgaris ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Positive Outcome ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Inflammatory Conditions ◽  
And Gender

Background: Acne is one of the most common chronic inflammatory conditions reported on daily basis in a skin clinic. It’s pathology lies at the level of pilosebaceous apparatus and is influenced by various factors like hormones, certain foods, drug intake and so on. There are several discrepancies surrounding the role of diet in acne. The aim of the study was to explore the knowledge, attitude and behaviour towards the role of diet in acne vulgaris among students.Methods: This was a cross sectional study conducted in Sree Balaji Medical College and Hospital, Chennai during January 2021 to May 2021. 107 random medical students with acne were enrolled in the study. Students with acne vulgaris not willing to participate in the study and students with acneiform eruptions were excluded. Data was collected using a standard, semi-structured questionnaire. Questionnaire was presented in English through a google form. The questionnaire comprised of socio-demographic data like age and gender. Data was entered in Microsoft word and represented in frequency and percentage.Results: Among the 107 students enrolled in the study, 37 were males and 70 were females. 56 students were in 17-20 age group and remaining 51 were in 21-24 years age group. Our study showed that 64.5% (69) agreed that there was an association between diet and acne vulgaris, while 9.3% (10) denied it and 26.2% (28) were unsure about the association between the two. Majority of them encountered acne localized to face mainly involving cheeks, only 2 people reported acne over trunk. Out of 97 students who opined of the association of diet with acne, only 13 students consulted a dermatologist and opted for medication. Out of 13, only 7 reported to have a positive outcome with combination of advised medication and stoppage of triggered foods. Out of 97 students who opined of the association of diet with acne, only 13 students consulted a dermatologist and opted for medication.Conclusions: The understanding of the disease and the ways adopted by these students look decent enough but mandate few changes in their attitude and behaviour.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document