scholarly journals ‘Some Refugees Move because the Health Facilities in the Settlement are not Good’: A Qualitative Study of Factors Influencing Movement of Somali Refugees from Nakivale Settlement to Kampala City

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pape Bagonza ◽  
TADDEO KYALIGONZA ◽  
ARTHUR BAGONZA
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Refugee Policy ◽  
Somali Refugees ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Quality Life

Abstract Background: There is a growing number of urban refugees that may necessitate local government and humanitarian organizations to factor in when planning for the urban infrastructure as this has proved to be a planning blind spot. This study assessed factors influencing Somali refugee movement from Nakivale refugee settlement to Kampala, the capital city of Uganda. Methods: Six key informant interviews were held with the Principle Protection Officer-OPM, Legal Coordinator-NRC, Manager Access to Justice Program-RLP, Psychosocial Counsellor-JRS, Somali elder Nakivale settlement and the Chairperson-SCK. Three focus group discussions were conducted with one group of male and two groups of female Somali refugees. Transcripts were managed using Atlas ti version 7 (ATLAS. Ti GmbH, Berlin). Results: The need for better basic needs such as food, water, health care, education, employment, a better quality life and difficulties related to having a language barrier emerged in the first theme. Movement due to political and cultural persecution emerged as a combined theme of security. The need for better economic benefits, livelihood support and an enabling refugee policy were influencers. The study also revealed that Somali refugees are a well-knit society with a robust communication network that relies on Islamic religion and country background in exploiting connections that enable those who move from Nakivale settlement to quickly adapt to the situation in Kampala.Conclusion: Somali movement from Nakivale refugee settlement to Kampala is influenced by a need for better basic needs and security; economic benefits, livelihood support and an enabling refugee policy which guarantees freedom of movement. A communication network based on religion and country background are facilitators.

scholarly journals Rainwater Harvesting Potentials in Commercial Buildings in Dhaka: Reliability and Economic Analysis

Hydrology ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Md. Rezaul Karim ◽  
B. M. Sadman Sakib ◽  
Sk. Sadman Sakib ◽  
Monzur Alam Imteaz
Keyword(s):  
Water Demand ◽  
Rainwater Harvesting ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Commercial Buildings ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Balance Model ◽  
Climate Conditions ◽  
Rainwater Tank ◽  
Catchment Areas

Despite numerous studies on residential rainwater tank, studies on commercial rainwater tank are scarce. Corporate authorities pay little heed on this sustainable feature. With the aim of encouraging corporate authorities, this study presents the feasibility and economic benefits of rainwater harvesting (RWH) in commercial buildings in the capital city of Bangladesh, where water authority struggles to maintain town water supply. The analysis was conducted using a daily water balance model under three climate scenarios (wet, dry and normal year) for five commercial buildings having catchment areas varying from 315 to 776 m2 and the storage tank capacity varying from 100 to 600 m3. It was found that for a water demand of 30 L per capita per day (lpcd), about 11% to 19% and 16% to 26.80% of the annual water demand can be supplemented by rainwater harvesting under the normal year and wet year climate conditions, respectively. The payback periods are found to be very short, only 2.25 to 3.75 years and benefit–cost (B/C) ratios are more than 1.0, even for building having the smallest catchment area (i.e., 315 m2) and no significant overflow would occur during monsoon, which leads to both economic and environmental benefits. Though the findings cannot be translated to other cities as those are dependent on factors like water price, interest rate, rainfall amount and pattern, however other cities having significant rainfall amounts should conduct similar studies to expedite implementations of widescale rainwater harvesting.

scholarly journals Spatiotemporal Evolution of Global Greenhouse Gas Emissions Transferring via Trade: Influencing Factors and Policy Implications

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (14) ◽  
pp. 5065 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zhangqi Zhong ◽  
Xu Zhang ◽  
Weina Gao
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Global Climate ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Energy Structure ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Factors Influencing

Global climate change caused by greenhouse gas emissions (GHGs) from anthropogenic activities have already become the focus of the world. A more systematic and comprehensive analysis on the factors influencing the changes of global GHGs transferring via trade have not been fully discussed. To this end, employing spatial econometric regression models and multi-regional input-output models, this paper reveals factors influencing the GHGs transferring via trade changes in 39 major economies, so as to develop the relevant GHGs reduction policies. The results indicate that regions with the highest net outflow of GHGs transferring via trade are primarily Russia and Canada, and the adverse effects of promoting GHGs reduction on the national economy could be avoided by these regions owing to trade relations. Additionally, factors influencing the changes in GHGs transferring via trade have significant spatial autocorrelation, and population size and energy structure exert significant spatial spillover effects on the changes in the GHGs transferring via trade. On this basis, this paper suggests that one more effective way to prevent trade from the rigorous demands of environmental governance measures while preserving the economic benefits of international trade may be to facilitate cooperation between countries on GHGs mitigation. Further, we articulate more balanced environment governance policies, including conducting the sharing of advanced energy technologies and developing clearer production technologies.

scholarly journals Identification of the factors influencing the profitability of the Hungarian beer industry

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 163-167
Author(s):  
Lili Jantyik ◽  
Áron Török ◽  
Jeremiás Máté Balogh
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Panel Data ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Early Years ◽  
Capital City ◽  
Direct Sales ◽  
Beer Industry ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Tax Reduction

Beer consumption and beer industry is an important beverage sector in Hungary because the beer is the most consumed alcoholic beverage in the country according to WHO studies. During history, breweries developed in different size and different values. The Hungarian beer industry can be divided into three groups of breweries: old large scale breweries, old microbreweries and new wave microbreweries. In this paper, we examine the factors influencing the economic performance of the Hungarian beer industry based on panel data of all active Hungarian breweries in 2018 (121 breweries), for the period of 2009-2017. The study applied panel-data linear models by using feasible generalized least squares with error structure with no cross-sectional correlation option.  The economic performance is measured by companies’ turnover, EBIT and profit, which were used as dependent variables. The following explanatory variables were applied in the model: age of brewery (number of closed business years), Social Media activity (FB likes of company page), geographical location (distance from Budapest in km), direct sales (represent own pub/direct sales channel), impact of tax reduction (small beer companies pay 50% less tax since 2012). Regression results have shown a number of determinants of the economic performance of Hungarian breweries, and the estimations are valid for all profitability indicators included (turnover, EBIT and profit). As in previous research, we have come to the conclusion that if the company survives the early years of operation, we can expect profitable activity. Since the ratio of early bankruptcy among Hungarian brewers is still very high, the fluctuation between smaller breweries strongly determines the industry.The benefits of short food supply chains (both physical distance and number of intermediaries) are also prevalent in the beer industry. Breweries with direct sales channels (mostly their own pubs) showed significantly higher sales, EBIT and profits compared to those selling their products by third parties. Breweries situated in Budapest are the most profitable, because the capital city provides a higher demand for high-quality beer, in contrast, the distance from the capital city has a negative impact on the firm’s success.The Social Media activity, often used as the only promotion channel for the microbreweries, has a positive impact on the brewery’s profitability. Finally, tax reduction for small breweries introduced in 2012 by the Hungarian government had the most important positive impact on industrial profitability, especially in the case of microbreweries. It seems the government aim to support small scale beer production has been successful because it helped the survival of the Hungarian microbreweries.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING OF TOURISTS PREFERENCES PATTERN: A STUDY IN MELAKA, MALAYSIA

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syakir Amir ◽  
Mariana Mohamed Osman ◽  
Syahriah Bachok ◽  
Mansor Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
Business Purpose

Tourism sector is one of the world largest and fastest contributors to the economic sector. The recognition as UNESCO World Heritage City in 2008, has led to the city of Melaka to be the most visited city in Malaysia. There has been a great deal of research devoted to identify the tourist preferences in countries, regions, cities, and other areas. Such estimation is essential for producing comprehensive estimates of tourism economic benefits in an area. This paper presents an evaluation of tourist‘s preferences among domestic and international tourists visiting Melaka. 1000 tourists were surveyed using diary records survey method. The result shows the purpose of heritage and conservation is the most important factors that motivate their visit to Melaka, while business purpose is the least motivating factors influencing the choice of destinations. It is also found that young, single and professional tourist is the new target market in Melaka.

scholarly journals UNDERSTANDING OF TOURISTS’ PREFERENCES PATTERN: A STUDY IN MELAKA, MALAYSIA

2014 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Syakir Amir ◽  
Mariana Mohamed Osman ◽  
Syahriah Bachok ◽  
Mansor Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Target Market ◽  
Motivating Factors ◽  
Unesco World Heritage ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Tourism Sector ◽  
The World ◽  
The City ◽  
Business Purpose

Tourism sector is one of the world largest and fastest contributors to the economic sector. The recognition as UNESCO World Heritage City in 2008, has led to the city of Melaka to be the most visited city in Malaysia. There has been a great deal of research devoted to identify the tourist preferences in countries, regions, cities, and other areas. Such estimation is essential for producing comprehensive estimates of tourism economic benefits in an area. This paper presents an evaluation of tourist‘s preferences among domestic and international tourists visiting Melaka. 1000 tourists were surveyed using diary records survey method. The result shows the purpose of heritage and conservation is the most important factors that motivate their visit to Melaka, while business purpose is the least motivating factors influencing the choice of destinations. It is also found that young, single and professional tourist is the new target market in Melaka.

scholarly journals The Right to Civil Counsel

Daedalus ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 148 (1) ◽  
pp. 56-63 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tonya L. Brito
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Political Influence ◽  
New Right ◽  
Access To Justice ◽  
Legal Problem ◽  
Legal Process ◽  
The Right ◽  
Improve Access ◽  
The U.S

The U.S. Constitution grants no categorical right to counsel in civil cases. Undaunted, the legal profession's renewed effort to improve access to justice for low-income unrepresented civil litigants includes a movement to establish this right. How this right is implemented turns out to be as important as whether such a right exists. To be effective, any new right must be national in scope, adequately funded, and protected from political influence. Lawyers must be available early and often in the legal process, so that they can provide assistance for the full scope of their client's legal problem and prevent further legal troubles. A right to civil counsel should encompass proceedings where basic needs are at stake, and not be influenced by inadequately informed judgments of who is worthy of representation.

J. D. Bernal, F. R. S.: some Irish influences

1993 ◽  
Vol 47 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Keyword(s):  
Family Background ◽  
Blind Spot ◽  
Science And Society ◽  
Self Assessment ◽  
Small Farmer ◽  
Factors Influencing ◽  
Education Decision ◽  
Political Understanding ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Gaining Insight

Ann Synge’s essay on Bernal’s family, school and university background resurrected some questions which had first occurred to me when reading Bernal’s Science in History in the late 1950s. We have the Sherlock Holmes problem of the ‘dog that didn’t bark’: the paucity of Irish references. Why the blind spot regarding what should have been a rich source of material for the Bernal ‘science and society’ paradigm? He references Parsons, but labels him British, and is apparently unaware of the richness of the connection between Parsons and Birr Castle, which he visited as a boy. Ann Synge’s essay re-opened the question for me, prompting a visit to Cambridge to look at the Bernal papers, with a view to gaining insight into the nature and extent of the specific Irish influences on Bernal, if any, and complementing Ann Synge’s research into the Bernal family background. Other questions arise: what was the totality of factors influencing the education decision which led to Bedford and Cambridge?- How good was Bernal’s own awareness of his ‘anomalous position’, as expressed in his 1955 self-assessment, where he describes his background as ‘small farmer’? What degree of political understanding lay behind the 1920 family row, and how did this relate to his emerging Cambridge Marxism? How near was he to joining the British Army? In the following sections I address some aspects of these questions.

Discussion on the Measures for Enhancing the Signals of Wireless Communication Network Sites

2013 ◽  
Vol 416-417 ◽  
pp. 1595-1599
Author(s):  
Wei Hua Ma
Keyword(s):  
Communication Network ◽  
Wireless Communication ◽  
Communication Networks ◽  
Signal Transmission ◽  
Wireless Communication Networks ◽  
Communication Service ◽  
Future Studies ◽  
Transmission Process ◽  
Wireless Communication Network ◽  
Factors Influencing

Because of the large span of the distance between wireless communication networks, many kinds of interference are encountered in the network signal transmission process, so that the accuracy of receiving the information is affected by the weakened signals and also the communication service quality for the users is reduced. Under this background, the advantages such as remoteness and convenience of wireless communication are first introduced. In the meantime, the factors influencing the signals of the wireless communication network are affected. Finally, the measures for enhancing the signals of the wireless communication network sites are proposed. It is expected that this paper is helpful for the future studies.

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