Determination of the Bacterial Compositions in the Bio-Drying Process of Sewage Sludge from Wastewater

Abstract The aim of this study is to determine the bacterial compositions during the bio-drying process of sewage sludge. Bio-dried products and sewage sludge were randomly collected from the Wupa wastewater/sludge treatment plant in Idu Industrial area Abuja, Federal Capital Territory, Nigeria. A mixture of sewage sludge and sawdust that were bio–dried and cured before this experiment were composition of the bio–dried product. The bacterial communities were analyzed in the laboratory using Pour Plate Technique to examine the total bacterial present in the sewage sludge bio-drying material (SSBM) and the bacterial were later isolated using other techniques like Oxidase test, Catalase test, Grams Staining technique and Spread Plate Technique. Evaporation of free water and water formation was determined by humidity gauge and moisture-oven drying method. From the results obtained, Acinetobacter was the most abundant bacterial during the initial and final thermophilic phases (43% and 37%) respectively. Bacillus was the most abundant amid the cooling stage (53%). The water evaporation and water generation rate were credited to the degradation of organic content of the SSBM and heat produced by bacterial activities. From this study, there is a clear indication that the bacterial density grades that increase the temperature of the SSBM during the bio–drying process reshaped the bacterial communities.

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Generation, characteristics and disposal of sew age sludge produced on treatment plant of Tatarstan

Linnaeus Eco-Tech ◽

10.15626/eco-tech.1999.064 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 537-543

Author(s):

Svetlana Yu. Selivanovskaya ◽

Venera Z. Latypova

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Industrial Wastewater ◽

Metal Content ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Chemical Compounds ◽

Organic Content ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

Toxicity Bioassay ◽

Metal Composition

Treatment of wastewater unavoidably results in the generation of huge quantities of sludge in which pollutants concentrate and which must be disposed of. The aim of this study was to compare the quality of organic matter, the metal composition and toxic organic content in different sewage sludge. The presence of these substances caused environmental damage in soil, plants, groundwater and air. Sewage sludge was periodically sampled from five treatment plant treated municipal and industrial wastewater in common in Almetevsk, Elabuga, Zainsk, Kazan, Chistopol (Tatarstan, Russia). Knowledge of the metal content of the sludge is a key step in selecting or in ruling out the various disposal alternatives. For the approval of possible utilization of sewage sludge as fertilizer the estimation of the chemical compounds has to be supplemented with the toxicity bioassay.

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A Proposal for Recycling the World’s Unused Stockpiles of Treated Wastewater Sludge (Biosolids) in Fired-Clay Bricks

Buildings ◽

10.3390/buildings9010014 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 14 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

Abbas Mohajerani ◽

Aruna Ukwatta ◽

Tristan Jeffrey-Bailey ◽

Michael Swaney ◽

Mohtashim Ahmed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Heavy Metals ◽

Large Scale ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Organic Content ◽

Wastewater Sludge ◽

Treated Wastewater ◽

Scale Production ◽

Sem Images ◽

Clay Bricks ◽

Leachate Analysis

Millions of tonnes of leftover biosolids are increasingly stockpiled every year around the globe. Biosolids are a product of the wastewater sludge treatment process. Stockpiles necessitate the use of large areas of increasingly valuable land. Biosolids have many beneficial uses and are currently utilised in agricultural and land rehabilitation applications. However, it is estimated that 30% of biosolids are unused and stockpiled. A second and seemingly unrelated environmental issue is the massive excavation of virgin soil for brick production. The annual production of 1500 billion bricks globally requires over 3.13 billion cubic metres of clay soil—equivalent to over 1000 soccer fields dug 440 m deep or to a depth greater than three times the height of the Sydney Harbour Bridge. This paper investigates and proposes a practical solution for the utilisation of the world’s excess biosolids in fired–clay bricks. The physical, chemical and mechanical properties of fired–clay bricks incorporating 25%, 20%, 15% and 10% biosolids have been tested. Bricks were produced from three different biosolids samples collected at Melbourne’s Eastern Treatment Plant (ETP 22) and the Western Treatment Plant (WTP 10 & WTP 17–29). Compressive strength testing indicated results ranging between 35.5 MPa and 12.04 MPa for the biosolids-amended bricks. Leachate analysis was conducted on the bricks before and after firing, and the results demonstrate that between 43 and 99% of the heavy metals tested were immobilised inside the fired bricks compared to the heavy metals tested in the raw mixture. All leachate concentrations were found to be insignificant for the biosolids-incorporated bricks tested in this study. Biosolids can have significantly different chemical characteristics depending on the origin of the wastewater and the treatment procedure. Suitable leachate analysis should be undertaken on biosolids and test bricks before large-scale production is approved. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) images illustrate that biosolids-amended bricks have a higher porosity than the control bricks, which corresponds to the lower thermal conductivity values recorded for biosolids-amended bricks. In addition, brick firing energy demands are estimated to decrease by up to 48.6% for bricks incorporating 25% WTP 17–29 biosolids due to the higher organic content of the mixture containing biosolids. The emissions study and comparative Life Cycle Assessment results show that the incorporation of biosolids into bricks is a positive and sustainable alternative approach with respect to all environmental impacts arising from the stockpiling of biosolids and brick manufacturing. Based on the results found in this comprehensive study, this paper proposes the inclusion of a minimum of 15% biosolids content into 15% of brick production in order to completely recycle all the approximately 5 million tonnes of annual leftover biosolids production in Australia, New Zealand, the EU, the USA and Canada. This is a practical and sustainable proposal for recycling all the leftover biosolids worldwide. Utilisation of only 15% of biosolids in brick production would reduce the carbon footprint of brick manufacturing whilst satisfying all the environmental and engineering requirements for bricks.

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Cumulative ventilation air drying potential as an indication of dry mass content in wastewater sludge in a thin-layer solar drying facility

Archives of Thermodynamics ◽

10.2478/aoter-2013-0027 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 34 (4) ◽

pp. 23-34 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Piotr Krawczyk

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Wastewater Sludge ◽

Solar Drying ◽

Mass Content ◽

Large Variability ◽

Low Temperature Drying

Abstract Controlling low-temperature drying facilities which utilise nonprepared air is quite difficult, due to very large variability of ventilation air parameters - both in daily and seasonal cycles. The paper defines the concept of cumulative drying potential of ventilation air and presents experimental evidence that there is a relation between this parameter and condition of the dried matter (sewage sludge). Knowledge on current dry mass content in the dried matter (sewage sludge) provides new possibilities for controlling such systems. Experimental data analysed in the paper was collected in early 2012 during operation of a test solar drying facility in a sewage treatment plant in Błonie near Warsaw, Poland.

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Influence of Valorization of Sewage Sludge on Energy Consumption in the Drying Process

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14154511 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (15) ◽

pp. 4511

Author(s):

Ewa Siedlecka ◽

Jarosław Siedlecki

Keyword(s):

Energy Consumption ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Moisture Content ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Calorific Value ◽

High Energy ◽

Dry Matter Content ◽

Drying Process ◽

Digested Sewage Sludge

Valorization of digested sewage sludge generated in a medium-sized sewage treatment plant and the effect of valorization on energy consumption during sludge drying used for energy recovery are presented. Anaerobic digestion of sewage sludge reduces dry matter content compared to raw sludge. This lowers its calorific value leading to the lower interest of consumers in using it as fuel. The aim of the study was to valorize digested sewage sludge prior to drying with high-energy waste with low moisture content. The procedure led to the reduction in moisture content by about 50% in the substrate supplied for solidification and drying. The calorific value of digested sewage sludge increased by 50%–80%, and the energy consumption of the drying process decreased by about 50%. Physical and chemical properties of sewage sludge and moisture content of substrates and mixtures after valorization were determined. The heat of combustion of valorized sewage sludge mixtures, their elemental composition, and ash content is investigated. Their calorific value in the analytical and working states of 10% H2O was calculated. The highest calorific value was obtained for the mixture of sewage sludge valorized with waste plastics or combined with wood dust, averaging 23 MJ/kg. A mathematical approximation of sewage sludge valorization is presented.

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Chemical amelioration of nepheline sands using sewage sludge from a regional wastewater treatment plant

Vestnik MGTU ◽

10.21443/1560-9278-2021-24-1-88-96 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 24 (1) ◽

pp. 88-96

Author(s):

T. T. Gorbacheva ◽

A. V. Lusis ◽

L. A. Ivanova

Keyword(s):

Wastewater Treatment ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Wastewater Treatment Plant ◽

Municipal Wastewater ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Single Species ◽

Phleum Pratense ◽

Wastewater Sludge ◽

Environmental Damage ◽

Tailing Dump

The studies on the use of municipal wastewater sludge as an unconventional chemical ameliorant with a fertilizing effect were carried out on ore dressing waste ("tailings") of the apatite-nepheline plant ANOF-2 KF JSC "Apatit" with a predominance of nepheline sands in their composition. The tailings dump is included in the list of objects of accumulated environmental damage in the region, but due to its rich mineral composition, it is recognized as a technogenic deposit subject to conservation for the prospect of obtaining apatite, nepheline, sphene, aegirine and titanomagnetite concentrates. In the work, the method of phytotesting of soil irrigated with unfiltered rainwater with fragmentary application of sewage sludge of a regional wastewater treatment plant enterprise has been applied. The experiments have been carried out on a single-species seed recommended for reclamation of disturbed territories in the northern regions. During the formation of a sown phytocenosis from meadow timothy ( Phleum pratense L.) on nepheline sands, the stimulating effect of sewage sludge on the nutrient regime of the soil is confirmed. After phytoextraction (at the end of the experiment), it retains a high residual pool of basic nutrients (N, P, K), which indicates a prolonged action of sewage sludge. To confirm the effect obtained in laboratory conditions, a field experiment has been laid at the ANOF-2 reserve tailing dump in 2019, observations are continuing.

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Drying characteristics of wastewater sludge according to outside air inflow conditions

Proceedings of 21th International Drying Symposium ◽

10.4995/ids2018.2018.7790 ◽

2018 ◽

Author(s):

Sang Hyun Oh ◽

Ki Ho Park ◽

Byoung Hyuk Yu ◽

Sung Il Kim

Keyword(s):

Thin Film ◽

Sewage Sludge ◽

Wastewater Sludge ◽

Drying Process ◽

Drying Characteristics ◽

Inflow Condition ◽

Materials Used ◽

Sludge Drying ◽

Drying Efficiency ◽

Inflow Conditions

The purpose of this study is to analyze the changes of drying efficiency according to the inflow conditions of outside air into the drying equipment during the drying process in order to reduce the energy used in the drying process of sludge. We conducted the experiment using a vertical thin film dryer. Materials used for the experiment are sewage sludge. As a result of the study, higher drying efficiency was obtained in the case of outside air inflow than in the case of no outside air inflow. In addition, optimum condition of outside air inflow was derived. Keywords: Drying; Sludge; Drying efficiency; Air inflow condition

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Rhizosphere Bacterial Communities of Arundo Donax Grown in Soil Fertilised with Sewage Sludge and Agricultural by-Products

Agriculture (Pol nohospodárstvo) ◽

10.2478/agri-2019-0004 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 65 (1) ◽

pp. 37-41 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Katarína Ondreičková ◽

Marcela Gubišová ◽

Jozef Gubiš ◽

Lenka Klčová ◽

Miroslav Horník

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Bacterial Communities ◽

Statistical Tests ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Intergenic Spacer ◽

Principal Component ◽

Arundo Donax ◽

Toxic Substances ◽

Molecular Fingerprinting ◽

By Products

Abstract Application of sewage sludge to soil is a potentially inexpensive source of nutrition for plants, but may contain undesirable and toxic substances, e.g. heavy metals. Alterations in microbial communities can serve as an environmental indicator of possible soil contamination. We used two molecular fingerprinting methods (Automated Ribosomal Intergenic Spacer Analysis, ARISA and Terminal Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism, T-RFLP) to study changes in the genetic diversity of bacterial communities in the rhizosphere of Arundo donax L. cultivated in the soil fertilised with additive based on sewage sludge from wastewater treatment plant and agricultural by-products represented by crushed corn hobs and wastes from grain mill industry. The metagenomic DNA extracted from rhizosphere samples were collected in August and November 2014. The amount of mgDNA was statistically higher in samples with additive than in control samples without it in both dates. The Venn diagrams showed that operational taxonomic units which were common to all samples were represented in 32.8% in ARISA and 43.4% in T-RFLP. However, based on Principal component analysis and subsequent PERMANOVA statistical tests did not confirm significant differences in the rhizosphere of control plants and plants grown in the soil supplemented with sewage sludge in dose 5 and 15 t/ha present in the additive.

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FERTILIZANTE ORGÂNICO COMPOSTO E ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE TRIGO IRRIGADO POR GOTEJAMENTO

Irriga ◽

10.15809/irriga.2017v22n2p275-287 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 275-287

Author(s):

Ana Carolina Barbosa Kummer ◽

Helio Grassi Filho ◽

Thomaz Figueiredo Lobo ◽

Rodollpho Artur de Souza Lima

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Grain Yield ◽

Nitrogen Fertilization ◽

Sewage Treatment ◽

Sewage Treatment Plant ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

Dry Mass ◽

Wastewater Sludge ◽

Wheat Crop ◽

Randomized Design

FERTILIZANTE ORGÂNICO COMPOSTO E ÁGUA RESIDUÁRIA NO DESENVOLVIMENTO DE TRIGO IRRIGADO POR GOTEJAMENTO ANA CAROLINA BARBOSA1 KUMMER; HELIO GRASSI FILHO2; THOMAZ FIGUEIREDO LOBO3 E RODOLLPHO ARTUR DE SOUZA LIMA4 1 Enga. Agrícola, Doutora, Profa. Departamento de Engenharia Civil, Universidade Estadual de Ponta Grossa – UEPG. Av. General Carlos Cavalcanti,4748, CEP 84030-900, Ponta Grossa/ PR; [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. Departamento de Solos e Recursos Ambientais, Faculdade de Ciências Agronômicas, Universidade Estadual Paulista “Júlio de Mesquita Filho” – FCA/UNESP. Rua José Barbosa de Barros, n.º 1780, CEP 18610-307, Botucatu/SP; [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutor, Prof. Departamento de Ciência Extas e Sociais Aplicadas, Universidade Sagrado Coração – USC. R. Irmã Arminda, 10-50, Bauru/SP; [email protected] Eng. Agrônomo, Doutorando, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Produção Vegetal, Universidade Estadual Norte Fluminense – UENF. Av. Alberto Lamego, 2000 – Horto, CEP 28013-602, Campus do Goytacazes/RJ; [email protected]. 1 RESUMO Objetivou-se com este estudo avaliar o efeito do uso de fertilizante orgânico composto (lodo de esgoto compostado - LEC) em plantas de trigo irrigadas com água residuária proveniente da saída de uma estação de tratamento de esgotos. Utilizou-se o delineamento experimental inteiramente casualizado em parcela subdividida, adotando-se nas parcelas dois tipos de água para a irrigação (água potável – AP e água residuária – AR) e nas subparcelas 7 níveis de adubação nitrogenada, assim descritos: T1, sem adubação nitrogenada; T2, 80 kg ha-1 de N via ureia; T3, 40 kg ha-1 de N via ureia + 40 kg ha-1 de N via LEC; T4, T5, T6 e T7 corresponderam à 80, 120, 160 e 200 kg ha-1 de N via LEC, respectivamente. A irrigação com água residuária na ausência de adubação nitrogenada promoveu incrementos de 36, 100, 48 e 77% na massa seca da parte aérea (MSPA), número de perfilhos (NP), número de espigas por planta (NE) e no rendimento de grãos (RG), respectivamente. O uso conjunto de AR e doses de N acima de 80 kg ha-1 via LEC no solo, promoveu decréscimos no comprimento de espiga (CE), MSPA e RG. Os resultados apontam para a substituição de 100% da adubação nitrogenada química (dose de 80 ka ha-1 de N), pelo equivalente em N via LEC (100% lodo), sem prejuízos à cultura do trigo. Palavras-chave: efluente, lodo, compostado, nitrogênio, irrigação. KUMMER, A. C. B.; GRASSI FILHO, H.; LOBO, T. F.; LIMA, R. A. S.ORGANIC COMPOUND FERTILZER AND WASTEWATER IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF WHEAT IRRIGATED BY DRIPPING 2 ABSTRACT The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of organic compound fertilizer use (composted sewage sludge - CSS) in wheat plants irrigated with wastewater from the output of a sewage treatment plant. Completely randomized design was used in a split plot, adopting in the plots two types of water for irrigation (drinking water - DA and wastewater - WW) and in subplots seven nitrogen fertilization levels, described as follows: T1 without nitrogen fertilization; T2, 80 kg ha-1 of N of urea; T3, 40 kg ha-1 N of urea + 40 kg ha-1 N of CSS; T4, T5, T6 and T7 corresponded to 80, 120, 160 and 200 kg ha-1 N of CSS, respectively. Irrigation with WW promoted increments of 36, 100, 48 e 77% of dry matter (DM), number of tillers (NT), number of spikes per plant (NS) and grain yield per plant (GY), respectively. The use of wastewater with doses of nitrogen above 80 kg ha-1 from composed sewage sludge, promoted decreases in spike length, dry mass and grain yield. The results point to the substitution of 100% of the chemical nitrogen fertilization (dose of 80 ka ha-1 of N), by the equivalent in N from CSS (100% sludge), without damages to the wheat crop. Keywords: wastewater, sludge, compound, nitrogen, irrigation.

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Comparison of Ammonium-oxidizing Bacterial Community Changes in Sludges from a Sewage and a Marine Fish Market Wastewater Treatment Plant During Enrichment Cultivation Under High Saline Conditions

Journal of Korean Society of Environmental Engineers ◽

10.4491/ksee.2021.43.1.79 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 43 (1) ◽

pp. 79-87

Author(s):

Jeongmi Kim ◽

Jaecheul Yu ◽

Soyeon Jeong ◽

Yeonju Kim ◽

Hyokwan Bae ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Sewage Sludge ◽

Ammonia Oxidation ◽

Batch Reactor ◽

Bacterial Species ◽

Treatment Plant ◽

High Strength ◽

Wastewater Sludge ◽

Nitrite Accumulation ◽

High Concentration ◽

Fish Market

Objectives:It is important to enrich and cultivate ammonia oxidation bacteria (AOB) in order to successfully treat nitrogen in high saline wastewater using a deammonification process. Two different inocula, a sewage sludge and a fish-market wastewater sludge, were cultivated to enrich AOB and compared the changes of microbial community. Methods:A sequential batch reactor (SBR) inoculated with the sewage sludge (PN1) enriched AOB under high-strength ammonium condition (500-3,000 mg NH4+-N/L) and then the salt concentration in the medium was gradually increased up to 20 g-NaCl/L. The other SBR seeded with the fish market wastewater sludge (PN2) was operated to enrich AOB directly under 20 g NaCl/L without any acclimation step. Results and Discussion:Both PN1 and PN2 successfully showed more than 60% of the nitrite accumulation efficiency at a high saline concentration of 20 g NaCl/L. At the level of the phylum, Proteobacteria containing nitrifying microorganisms became dominant in both PN1 and PN2. However, the most dominant bacterial species in PN1 and PN2 were Nitrosomonas eutropha (60.7%) and N. halophila (20.2%), respectively. Conclusions:Although different results of the most abundant AOB were shown in both sewage sludge and fish-market wastewater sludge conditions, nitritation was successfully developed even with wastewater containing high salinity. Therefore, in this study, both sludges can be applied for inoculation to the PN process for efficiently treating wastewater with high concentration of ammonium and saline.

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