scholarly journals INFLUENCE OF PESTICIDES ON NITROGEN CONTENT OF TOMATO PLANT S

HortScience ◽  
1993 ◽  
Vol 28 (4) ◽  
pp. 273D-273
Author(s):  
David N. Sasseville
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Uptake ◽  
Calcium Nitrate ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Tomato Plants ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Root Tissues

Tomato plants were grown in a greenhouse in a sand:soil mixture with six pesticide treatments applied weekly at 1 mg a.i./kg soil mixture as a soil drench. Plants were grown for six weeks with nitrogen applied weekly at 80 mg per plant as calcium nitrate. Glyphosate (Roundup) was toxic to plants with reduced dry weight of all tissues, but greater nitrate concentration in the leaf and root tissues. Captan produced the greatest dry weight, with mot tissues dry weights significantly greater than the control treatment. Captan resulted in significantly higher nitrate content in the tissues, but there was no difference between captan and the control on total N content. Both nitrapyrin (N-Serve) and sethoxydim (Poast) had significantly less growth and total N content than the control, as well as higher nitrate content in the growing medium. It appears that these two chemicals may inhibit nitrate uptake or cause other phytotoxic effects The other chemicals metalaxyl (Subdue) and etridiazole (Terrazole) had intermediate responses. While they both had reduced growth and total N content, these were not significantly different from the control treatment. Etridiazole had reduced nitrate content, but metalaxyl nitrate content was significantly greater than the control and comparable to captan, primarily because of high nitrate content in the leaves.

Potential role of rhizobacteria isolated from Northwestern China for enhancing wheat and oat yield

2007 ◽  
Vol 146 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. YAO ◽  
S. YASMIN ◽  
F. Y. HAFEEZ
Keyword(s):  
Acetylene Reduction ◽  
Wheat Variety ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N Fixation ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Probable Number ◽  
Root Area ◽  
Chinese Wheat

SUMMARYThe present investigation was designed to assess the range of growth-promoting activities of various rhizosphere bacteria on wheat and oat growing in Lanzhou, China. Detection of the N-fixing bacteria by the acetylene reduction assay-based most probable number (ARA-based MPN) method indicated the presence of significant numbers of N-fixing rhizobacteria, i.e. 5·8×106bacteria/g dry weight of root in association with Chinese wheat varietyV4. A total of 24 rhizobacteria was isolated from wheat and oat grown in Lanzhou, China. These bacterial isolates were studied for growth characteristics, nitrogen fixation, phosphate solubilization and indole acetic acid (IAA) production. All the isolates were motile and gram negative. Acetylene reduction activity was detected in all isolates ranging from 124·6 to 651·6 nmol C2H2reduced/h/vial while almost all isolates produced IAA ranging from 0·2 to 5·1 μg/ml. Only two isolates, ChW1 and ChW6, formed clear zones on Pikovskaia's medium, showing the ability to solubilize phosphates. ChW1 and ChW6 were used to develop fluorescent antibodies to check the cross reactivity of the isolates. Inoculation of these bacterial isolates resulted in higher plant biomass, root area and total N content on Chinese wheat varietyNingchun 2and Pakistani oat varietySwanunder controlled conditions. Among the wheat isolates, ChW5 was the best in promoting wheat growth by increasing its root length, root area, shoot dry weight and total N content. Among oat isolates, ChO3, ChO5 and ChO6 showed significant effects on different growth parameters of their host plants. Using the15N isotope dilution method, the highest N fixation contribution (0·73 of total plant N) was observed in the wheat plants inoculated with isolate ChW5. Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis of seven selected isolates showed that the variation within the isolates from different host crops grown in the same soil was quite large and helpful not only in defining the bacterial strains associated with different host crops but also in defining the distances of isolates from standard strains of rhizobacteria used. In conclusion, the present results indicate that the selected bacterial isolates did promote the growth of wheat and oat in ways that could be harnessed to practical benefit for the farmer and consistent with sustainable agricultural practices in China.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN ORANGE G DYE-BINDING CAPACITY AND TOTAL N CONTENT OF SIX GRASS SPECIES

1975 ◽  
Vol 55 (4) ◽  
pp. 969-973
Author(s):  
A. D. SMITH ◽  
L. E. LUTWICK
Keyword(s):  
Protein Content ◽  
Binding Capacity ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
Grass Species ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
Dye Binding ◽  
Orange G ◽  
Four Levels

Six grass species were grown at four levels of N fertilizer and harvested at three stages of maturity. Two methods were used to estimate the protein content of the grasses: the Orange G dye-binding capacity and total N content. Values from the two methods were correlated to show the relationships between the two methods when species, levels of N fertilizer, and stages of maturity varied. The correlations between Orange G dye-binding capacity and total N were linear, positive, and highly significant. The variation about the regression lines was greatest when total N content was greater than 2.5% of plant dry weight; this condition was especially marked at early heading stage and high rates of N fertilizer. The precise relationships also varied among species. The Orange G dye-binding method for determining protein content is satisfactory for grasses where the total N content of the grass does not exceed 2.5%, but is not satisfactory for grasses with higher total N contents.

scholarly journals The Effectiveness of Humic Acid and Trichoderma sp. for Planting Media with Oil Palm Empty Bunches in Pakcoy (Brassica rapa L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 44
Author(s):  
Aline Sisi Handini ◽  
Ratih Rahhutami ◽  
Dwi Astutik
Keyword(s):  
Humic Acid ◽  
Plant Tissue ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Organic Matter Content ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Matter Content ◽  
Leaf Length ◽  
Total N ◽  
Trichoderma Sp ◽  
Growing Medium

<em>Pakcoy is a vegetable commodity that has high economic value. This study aims to determine the effect of humic acid and Trichoderma sp. by utilizing empty fruit bunch (EFB) waste as a growing medium for Pakcoy growth. The research method used was a two-factor randomized block design. The first factor is humic acid (AH) with three levels: AH1 = 1 g, AH2 = 2 g, AH3 = 3 g. The second factor is Trichoderma sp. (T) with three levels; T1 = 50 ml, T2 = 100 ml, T3 = 150 ml. In this study it was concluded, the best treatment was found in the application of humic acid with a dose of 1 g on the parameters of observation of leaf length, leaf width, plant height, wet weight, and plant dry weight. The use of Trichoderma sp. in this study, does not affect all parameters observation. The results of the analysis of the planting medium showed that the pH was slightly acidic conditions 5.67 - 6.33. The organic matter content contained in the growing media ranged from 1.20 to 2.62%, and the total N-total contained in the growing medium ranged from 0.10 to 0.18. In-plant tissue analysis shows that the N-total found in plant tissue ranges from 4.62 - 5.23.</em>

scholarly journals Pengaruh konsentrasi Si biogenic dan N-total terhadap pertumbuhan dan konsentrasi nitrat tanaman selada hidroponik

Jurnal Agro ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 130-141
Author(s):  
Salamet Ginandjar ◽  
Budy Frasetya Taufik Qurrohman ◽  
Panji Rahmatullah
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Plant Weight ◽  
Total N ◽  
Rice Husk Silica ◽  
Fresh Plant ◽  
N Concentration

Tanaman selada merupakan sayuran yang dikonsumsi dalam bentuk segar. Karakteristiknya sebagai tanaman akumulator nitrat perlu diimbangi pemupukan N dan aplikasi Silika (Si) sesuai kebutuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari interaksi ekstrak silika sekam padi (ESSP) dan N-total, serta memperoleh konsentrasi  ESSP dan N-total yang tepat untuk menghasilkan panen selada yang tinggi tetapi aman bagi kesehatan. Rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah Rancangan Acak Lengkap Faktorial, faktor pertama adalah konsentrasi ESSP (0 ppm, 30 ppm, 60 ppm, 90 ppm) dan faktor kedua adalah konsentrasi N-total (100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm), setiap kombinasi perlakuan diulang 3 kali. Parameter yang diamati yaitu tinggi tanaman 35 hari setelah tanam (HST), luas daun, berat kering tanaman, berat segar tanaman, kandungan nitrat pada daun selada. Data dianalisis dengan analisis varians taraf 5% dilanjutkan dengan Uji Jarak Berganda Duncan pada taraf nyata 5%, sedangkan parameter kandungan nitrat dianalisis secara deskriptif. Berdasarkan hasil analisis varians konsentrasi ESSP dan konsentrasi N-total berinteraksi pada tinggi tanaman dan berpengaruh mandiri terhadap berat kering tanaman dan berat segar tanaman. Aplikasi ekstrak silika sekam padi 30 ppm meningkatkan hasil panen 28% lebih tinggi dan menurunkan 12% kandungan nitrat tanaman selada pada N total 100-300 ppm.AbstractLettuce is a freshly consumed vegetable. Its characteristics as a nitrate accumulator plant need to be balanced with N fertilization and Silica (Si) applications according to the plant required. This research aimed to study the interaction between rice husk silica extract (ESSP) and total N to obtain the right ESSP and total N concentrations to produce high yield lettuce and safely consumed it. This study used a factorial completely randomized design. The first factor was ESSP concentrations (0 ppm, 30 ppm, 60 ppm, 90 ppm) and the second factor was total N concentrations (100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm). Each treatment combination was repeated 3 times. The parameters observed were plant height in 35 days after planting, leaf area, plant dry weight, fresh plant weight, and nitrat e content in lettuce leaves. The  data  were  analyzed  by analysis of variance at the 5%, and post-test by DMRT at the 5% significant level, the nitrate content used descriptive analysis. Based on the analysis of variance, ESSP concentration and total N concentration interacted on plant height. The ESSP concentration and total N concentration independently affected plant dry weight and fresh plant weight. Application of 30 ppm rice husk silica extract increased 28% higher yield and decreased 12% nitrate content of lettuce plants at N-total of 100-300 ppm.

scholarly journals Uptake, Partitioning, and Storage of Fertilizer Nitrogen in Red Raspberry as Affected by Rate and Timing of Application

2004 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 439-448 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hannah G. Rempel ◽  
Bernadine C. Strik ◽  
Timothy L. Righetti
Keyword(s):  
N Uptake ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Rubus Idaeus ◽  
Split Application ◽  
Fertilizer N ◽  
Red Raspberry ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
N Treatment ◽  
Fruit Harvest

The effects of 15N-labeled fertilizer applied to mature summer-bearing red raspberry (Rubus idaeus L. `Meeker') plants were measured over 2 years. Four nitrogen (N) treatments were applied: singularly at 0, 40, or 80 kg·ha-1 of N in early spring (budbreak), or split with 40 kg·ha-1 of N (unlabeled) applied at budbreak and 40 kg·ha-1 of N (15N-depleted) applied eight weeks later. Plants were sampled six times per year to determine N and 15N content in the plant components throughout the growing season. Soil also was sampled seven times per year to determine inorganic N concentrations within the four treatments as well as in a bare soil plot. There was a tendency for the unfertilized treatment to have the lowest and for the split-N treatment to have the highest yield in both years. N application had no significant effect on plant dry weight or total N content in either year. Dry weight accumulation was 5.5 t·ha-1 and total N accumulation was 88 to 96 kg·ha-1 for aboveground biomass in the fertilized plots in 2001. Of the total N present, averaged over 2 years, 17% was removed in prunings, 12% was lost through primocane leaf senescence, 13% was removed through fruit harvest, 30% remained in the over-wintering plant, and 28% was considered lost or transported to the roots. Peak fertilizer N-uptake occurred by July for the single N applications and by September for the last application in the split-N treatment. This uptake accounted for 36% to 37% (single applications) and 24% (last half of split application) of the 15N applied. Plants receiving the highest single rate of fertilizer took up more fertilizer N while plants receiving the lower rate took up more N from the soil and from storage tissues. By midharvest, fertilizer N was found primarily in the fruit, fruiting laterals, and primocanes (94%) for all fertilized treatments; however, the majority of the fertilizer N applied in the last half of the split application was located in the primocanes (60%). Stored fertilizer N distribution was similar in all fertilized treatments. By the end of the second year, 5% to 12% of the fertilizer acquired in 2001 remained in the fertilized plants. Soil nitrate concentrations increased after fertilization to 78.5 g·m-3, and declined to an average of 35.6 g·m-3 by fruit harvest. Seasonal soil N decline was partially attributed to plant uptake; however, leaching and immobilization into the organic fraction may also have contributed to the decline.

scholarly journals Mass loss and release of nutrient from empty fruit bunch of oil palm applied as mulch to newly transplanted oil palm

Soil Research ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 985
Author(s):  
A. B. Rosenani ◽  
W. Rabuni ◽  
P. Cheah ◽  
J. Noraini
Keyword(s):  
Mass Loss ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Nutrient Release ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Mineral N ◽  
Total N ◽  
Organic C ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunches ◽  
Release Pattern

Applying a mulch of oil palm empty fruit bunches (EFBs) from processing mills to newly transplanted oil palm is widely practiced for sustainable management and recycling of solid waste from the oil palm industry. Thus, it is important to understand the decomposition and mass loss of EFBs and its nutrient release pattern for better fertility management. The present study was conducted in a newly transplanted oil palm field to investigate the mass loss of applied EFBs and nutrient release pattern over a 12-month period. The treatments evaluated in the present study were: (1) chemical fertiliser (CF) application only; (2) EFB application only; and (3) EFB and CF application (EFB+CF). The treatments were applied immediately after transplanting 13-month-old palms. EFBs were applied around the base of the oil palm at a rate of 170 kg palm–1. Results showed that 50% dry weight of EFB and EFB+CF was lost within 90 days of application. The C : N ratio decreased from 82 to 20 after 180 and 172 days in EFB and EFB+CF respectively. The breakdown of lignin in EFBs was found to be significantly accelerated by the introduction of CF. Soil properties were improved by EFB application with an increase in pH, total mineral N and exchangeable K of the top soil. After 317 DAP, the soil organic C content subjected to treatment with EFB only and EFB+CF was significantly higher (i.e. 1.7%) when compared with that subjected to the control treatment (i.e., 1.3%). Total N increased significantly from 0.06% to 0.12% for both EFB treatments.

scholarly journals Biocompatibility Effect of Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Trichoderma Strains on Growth, Nodulation and Physiological Traits of Soybean (Glycine max L.) under Water Deficit Conditions

2020 ◽  
pp. 52-66
Author(s):  
Sahar El- Nahrawy ◽  
Mohssen Elbagory ◽  
Alaa El-Dein Omara
Keyword(s):  
Bradyrhizobium Japonicum ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Physiological Traits ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total Soluble Sugar ◽  
Soybean Plants

In the future, drought are expected to increase, affecting the productivity of crops sensitive to water scarcity. Through N2-fixation process, soybean is capable of achieving its nitrogen demands, however, this process is inhibited under drought stress conditions. Therefore, it is vital to find suitable solutions for the agricultural sustainability of soybean. Under pot experiment, biocompatibility was studied between Bradyrhizobium japonicum and Trichoderma strains (Trichoderma viride, T. harzianum and T. kongii) for their ability to stimulate the growth, nodulation, N content and photosynthetic pigments of soybean plants under different irrigation intervals (every 2 days (I1), every 4 days (I2), and every 6 days (I3)). The experiment was conducted in summer 2020 with a split-plot randomized complete block design and six replicates. Among the Trichoderma strains, T. harzianum was the most tolerant to growth and auxin production in the maximum 25% PEG 6000 (poly ethylene glycol) concentration. Also, co-inoculation treatment (irrigation every 6 days and inoculation with B. japonicum + T. harzianum) recorded an increase rate reached to 69.4% for shoot length, 102.53% for root length, 79.06% for shoot dry weight, 103.44% for root dry weight and 178.57% for N content compared to control treatment. For physiological traits (chlorophyll a, b, carotenoids and total soluble sugar), there was a significant increase was observed when soybean plants inoculated with B. japonicum + T. harzianum treatment followed by B. japonicum + T. kongii treatment, under irrigation every 6 days condition. On the contrary, a decrease was observed in proline content for the same treatments. Thus, an adequate microbial consortium of Bradyrhizobium - Trichoderma, could represent a promising practical method for increasing the productivity of soybean especially when grown under drought conditions.

scholarly journals Fluctuating Controlled Water Table Irrigation

HortScience ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 39 (4) ◽  
pp. 769D-770
Author(s):  
Jack W. Buxton* ◽  
Janet Pfeiffer ◽  
Darrell Slone
Keyword(s):  
Water Potential ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Water Table ◽  
Water Surface ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
Optimum Placement ◽  
Growing Medium ◽  
Rate Of Movement

A controlled water table irrigation system (CWT) automatically provides water to plants. One edge of a capillary mat, on the bench surface, draws water from a trough (water table) below the bench. Each treatment trough was 30 cm long. As the distance between the water surface and the bench surface increases, the water in the growing medium decreases, the air increases; and the water potential decreases. In previous studies a constant CWT of 2 cm below the bench surface was the optimum placement for producing 15-cm pots of geranium. In this study the water table fluctuated between two distances below the bench surface. The fluctuating treatments were 2 cm to 3 cm, 2 cm to 4 cm, and 1 cm to 4 cm. The control treatment remained at a constant 2 cm below the bench surface. The fluctuating treatments were established by using two liquid level controllers connected to a switching mechanism that allowed the water table to fluctuate between the treatment settings. The rate of movement from the higher level to the lower level was determined by the rate of transpiration and evaporation occurring in individual treatments. The amount of water used for each treatment was determined by counting the number of times the solenoid turned on and multiplying this by the amount of water added to the trough. The leaf area and dry weight were the same for plants grown in 2 cm, 2 to 3 cm, and 2 to 4 cm treatments and these treatments were significantly greater than plants in the 1 to 4 cm treatment. The amount of water used by all treatments was nearly the same.

scholarly journals Effect of the Nitrate Reductase Genes (Nia) on the Quality of Different Lettuce Genotypes for Low Nitrate Content

2005 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
K.N. Al-Redhaiman
Keyword(s):  
Nitrate Reductase ◽  
Genotypic Variation ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Nitrate Content ◽  
Significant Positive Association ◽  
Total N ◽  
Nitrate Concentrations ◽  
Leaf Nitrate

Genotypic variation in nitrate concentrations of different lettuce genotypes belonging to four types (Butterhead, Cos/Romaine, Crisphead, and Stem lettuce) and its relationship to nitrate reductase genes (Nia) for low nitrate concentrations of leaves was investigated. The results showed that the Romaine genotype ' Lobjoit's Green' exhibited the lowest leaf nitrate concentration (4877.7 mg/kg dry weight). The highest nitrate levels were recorded in the Butterhead genotypes 'Augusta and Kennedy'. Nitrate concentrations in the roots were significantly higher in the Romaine genotype ' Little Gem' and the Butterhead genotypes 'Augusta and Merveille Des Quatre Saisons' than the other lettuce genotypes. Total N concentrations were higher in the Butterhead and Crisphead genotypes than in the Romaine and Stem lettuce genotypes. A significant positive association (r = 0.80, p > 0.01) was observed between leaf NO

scholarly journals Nitrogen Fertigation Rates Affect Stored Nitrogen, Growth, and Blooming in Iris germanica ‘Immortality’

HortScience ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 186-191 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaojie Zhao ◽  
Guihong Bi ◽  
Richard L. Harkess ◽  
Jac J. Varco ◽  
Tongyin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
N Fertilizer ◽  
N Content ◽  
Total N ◽  
N Concentration ◽  
Inflorescence Stems ◽  
Iris Germanica ◽  
N Rates

Tall bearded (TB) iris (Iris germanica L.) has great potential as a specialty cut flower due to its fragrance and showy, multicolor display; however, limited research has been reported on optimal nitrogen (N) nutrient management for TB iris. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of N fertilizer rate on plant growth and flowering of ‘Immortality’ iris and determine the influence of both stored N and spring-applied N fertilizer on spring growth and flowering. On 14 Mar. 2012, rhizomes of ‘Immortality’ iris were potted in a commercial substrate with no starter fertilizer. Plants were fertigated with 0, 5, 10, 15, or 20 mm N from NH4NO3 twice per week from 28 Mar. to 28 Sept. 2012. In 2013, half of the plants from each of the 2012 N rate were supplied with either 0 or 10 mm N from 15NH415NO3 twice per week from 25 Mar. to 7 May 2013. Growth and flowering data including plant height, leaf SPAD, number of fans and inflorescence stems, and length of inflorescence stem were collected during the growing season. Plants were harvested in Dec. 2012 and May 2013 to measure dry weight and N concentration in leaves, roots, and rhizomes. Results showed higher 2012 N rates increased plant height, leaf SPAD reading, and number of inflorescence stems at first and second blooming in 2012. Greater 2012 N rates also increased plant dry weight and N content in all structures, and N concentration in roots and rhizomes. Rhizomes (58.8% to 66.3% of total N) were the dominant sink for N in Dec. 2012. Higher 2012 N rates increased plant height, number of fans, and the number of inflorescence stems at spring bloom in 2013. In May 2013, N in leaf tissue constituted the majority (51% to 64.3%) of the total plant N. Higher 2012 N rates increased total dry weight, N concentration, and N content in all 2013 15N rates; however, leaf dry weight in all plants was improved by 2013 15N rate. Percentage of tissue N derived from 2013 15N (NDFF) decreased with increasing 2012 N rate. New spring leaves were the dominant sink (56.8% to 72.2%) for 2013 applied 15N. In summary, ‘Immortality’ iris is capable of a second blooming in a growing season, this second blooming dependent on N fertilization rate in current year. A relatively high N rate is recommended to produce a second bloom.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document