scholarly journals IN VITRO ASSESSMENT OF THE BIOLOGICAL ACTIVITY OF A NEW REGENERATIVE AGENT PREPARED FROM THE CONCENTRATE OF DEPROTEINIZED DERMAL LAYER OF PORCINE SKIN

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-22
Author(s):  
Natalia Bezdieniezhnykh ◽  
Aleksandra Lykhova ◽  
Hennadii Borschevskyi ◽  
Kateryna Dyakun ◽  
Ievgen Kruglov
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Therapeutic Agent ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Mdbk Cell ◽  
Porcine Skin ◽  
Bovine Kidney ◽  
Dermal Layer

Background. Presently, a prospective direction for the development of regenerative medicine in the world is the search for regulatory molecules and the identification of molecular targets to stimulate the body's endogenous regenerative potential. The concentrate of the deproteinized dermal layer of porcine skin (СDDLPS) is a new therapeutic agent with restorative properties, the action of which is directed on the induction of the self resources of cells. Aim. The assessment of the effect of СDDLPS on the proliferative activity of mammalian cells of different histogenesis in vitro. Materials and Methods. To determine the amino acid composition of the СDDLPS liquid chromatography and biochemical methods were used. The biological effects and mechanisms of action of the drug were investigated by cell culture and molecular biological methods. The research was carried out using stable cell lines: human keratinocytes (HaCaT cell line), porcine endothelial cells (PAE cell line), bovine kidney cells (MDBK cell line) and mouse fibroblasts (3T3A31 cell line). Results. The cells of the bovine kidney MDBK cell line were the most sensitive to the effect of the CDDLPS. Also, the obtained results suggest that, depending on the concentration, the drug not only stimulates cell proliferation by 10–30 %, but also significantly enhances biosynthetic processes in cells, in particular, protein synthesis by 20–40 %. Conclusions. CDDLPS is an effective and affordable therapeutic agent with restorative properties, the biological activity of which manifests itself in the activation of cell biosynthetic and proliferative potentials and is comparable to effects of some growth factors, in particular epidermal growth factor

Ultrastructural Changes in Three Different Mammalian Cells Following Ultraviolet Laser Irradiation

1972 ◽  
Vol 30 ◽  
pp. 350-351
Author(s):  
K. Shankar Narayan ◽  
Kailash C. Gupta ◽  
Tohru Okigaki
Keyword(s):  
Ultraviolet Light ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Differential Sensitivity ◽  
Ultrastructural Changes ◽  
Ultraviolet Laser

The biological effects of short-wave ultraviolet light has generally been described in terms of changes in cell growth or survival rates and production of chromosomal aberrations. Ultrastructural changes following exposure of cells to ultraviolet light, particularly at 265 nm, have not been reported.We have developed a means of irradiating populations of cells grown in vitro to a monochromatic ultraviolet laser beam at a wavelength of 265 nm based on the method of Johnson. The cell types studies were: i) WI-38, a human diploid fibroblast; ii) CMP, a human adenocarcinoma cell line; and iii) Don C-II, a Chinese hamster fibroblast cell strain. The cells were exposed either in situ or in suspension to the ultraviolet laser (UVL) beam. Irradiated cell populations were studied either "immediately" or following growth for 1-8 days after irradiation.Differential sensitivity, as measured by survival rates were observed in the three cell types studied. Pattern of ultrastructural changes were also different in the three cell types.

scholarly journals In Vivo and In Vitro Assays Evaluating the Biological Activity of Taurine, Glucose and Energetic Beverages

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2198
Author(s):  
Marcos Mateo-Fernández ◽  
Fernando Valenzuela-Gómez ◽  
Rafael Font ◽  
Mercedes Del Río-Celestino ◽  
Tania Merinas-Amo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dna Damage ◽  
Drosophila Melanogaster ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Methylation Status ◽  
Repetitive Sequences ◽  
Energy Drinks ◽  
Red Bull

Taurine is one of the main ingredients used in energy drinks which are highly consumed in adolescents for their sugary taste and stimulating effect. With energy drinks becoming a worldwide phenomenon, the biological effects of these beverages must be evaluated in order to fully comprehend the potential impact of these products on the health due to the fact nutrition is closely related to science since the population consumes food to prevent certain diseases. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the biological effects of taurine, glucose, classic Red Bull® and sugar-free Red Bull® in order to check the food safety and the nutraceutical potential of these compounds, characterising different endpoints: (i) Toxicology, antitoxicology, genotoxicology and life expectancy assays were performed in the Drosophila melanogaster model organism; (ii) The in vitro chemopreventive activity of testing compounds was determined by assessing their cytotoxicity, the proapoptotic DNA-damage capability to induce internucleosomal fragmentation, the strand breaks activity and the modulator role on the methylation status of genomic repetitive sequences of HL-60 promyelocytic cells. Whereas none tested compounds showed toxic or genotoxic effect, all tested compounds exerted antitoxic and antigenotoxic activity in Drosophila. Glucose, classic Red Bull® and sugar-free Red Bull® were cytotoxic in HL-60 cell line. Classic Red Bull® induced DNA internucleosomal fragmentation although none of them exhibited DNA damage on human leukaemia cells. In conclusion, the tested compounds are safe on Drosophila melanogaster and classic Red Bull® could overall possess nutraceutical potential in the in vivo and in vitro model used in this study. Besides, taurine could holistically be one of the bioactive compounds responsible for the biological activity of classic Red Bull®.

scholarly journals Distinct Chemistries Define the Diverse Biological Effects of Plasma Activated Water Generated with Spark and Glow Plasma Discharges

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
pp. 1178
Author(s):  
Evanthia Tsoukou ◽  
Maxime Delit ◽  
Louise Treint ◽  
Paula Bourke ◽  
Daniela Boehm
Keyword(s):  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Biomedical Application ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Chemical Species ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Cytotoxic Activities ◽  
Promising Alternative ◽  
Plasma Activated Water

The spread of multidrug-resistant bacteria poses a significant threat to human health. Plasma activated liquids (PAL) could be a promising alternative for microbial decontamination, where different PAL can possess diverse antimicrobial efficacies and cytotoxic profiles, depending on the range and concentration of their reactive chemical species. In this research, the biological activity of plasma activated water (PAW) on different biological targets including both microbiological and mammalian cells was investigated in vitro. The aim was to further an understanding of the specific role of distinct plasma reactive species, which is required to tailor plasma activated liquids for use in applications where high antimicrobial activity is required without adversely affecting the biology of eukaryotic cells. PAW was generated by glow and spark discharges, which provide selective generation of hydrogen peroxide, nitrite and nitrate in the liquid. The PAW made by either spark or glow discharges showed similar antimicrobial efficacy and stability of activity, despite the very different reactive oxygen species (ROS) and reactive nitrogen species profiles (RNS). However, different trends were observed for cytotoxic activities and effects on enzyme function, which were translated through the selective chemical species generation. These findings indicate very distinct mechanisms of action which may be exploited when tailoring plasma activated liquids to various applications. A remarkable stability to heat and pressure was noted for PAW generated with this set up, which broadens the application potential. These features also suggest that post plasma modifications and post generation stability can be harnessed as a further means of modulating the chemistry, activity and mode of delivery of plasma functionalised liquids. Overall, these results further understanding on how PAL generation may be tuned to provide candidate disinfectant agents for biomedical application or for bio-decontamination in diverse areas.

scholarly journals Methylation of deoxyribonucleic acid in cultured mammalian cells by N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine. The influence of cellular thiol concentrations on the extent of methylation and the 6-oxygen atom of guanine as a site of methylation

1970 ◽  
Vol 116 (4) ◽  
pp. 693-707 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. D. Lawley ◽  
Carolyn J. Thatcher
Keyword(s):  
Oxygen Atom ◽  
Nucleic Acids ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Dimethyl Sulphate ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Methylation Of Dna ◽  
Thiol Content ◽  
Cellular Thiol ◽  
In Cells

1. In neutral aqueous solution N-methyl-N′-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG) yields salts of nitrocyanamide as u.v.-absorbing products. With cysteine, as found independently by Schulz & McCalla (1969), the principal product is 2-nitràminothiazoline-4-carboxylic acid. Both these reactions liberate the methylating species; thiols enhance the rate markedly at neutral pH values. An alternative reaction with thiols gives cystine, presumably via the unstable S-nitrosocysteine. 2. Thiols (glutathione or N-acetylcysteine) in vitro at about the concentration found in mammalian cells enhance the rate of methylation of DNA markedly over that in neutral solution. 3. Treatment of cultured mammalian cells with MNNG results in rapid methylation of nucleic acids, the extent being greater the higher the thiol content of the cells. Rodent embryo cells are more extensively methylated than mouse L-cells of the same thiol content. Cellular thiol concentrations are decreased by MNNG. Proteins are less methylated by MNNG than are nucleic acids. 4. Methylation of cells by dimethyl sulphate does not depend on cellular thiol content and protein is not less methylated than nucleic acids. Methylation by MNNG may therefore be thiol-stimulated in cells. 5. Both in vitro and in cells about 7% of the methylation of DNA by MNNG occurs at the 6-oxygen atom of guanine. The major products 7-methylguanine and 3-methyladenine are given by both MNNG and dimethyl sulphate, but dimethyl sulphate does not yield O6-methylguanine. Possible reaction mechanisms to account for this difference between these methylating agents and its possible significance as a determinant of their biological effects are discussed.

scholarly journals Motility patterns of Trypanosoma cruzi trypomastigotes correlate with the efficiency of parasite invasion in vitro

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jorge A. Arias-del-Angel ◽  
Jesús Santana-Solano ◽  
Moisés Santillán ◽  
Rebeca G. Manning-Cela
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Cell Line ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Parasite Invasion ◽  
Mammalian Cell Cultures ◽  
A Cell ◽  
Parasite Replication ◽  
Parasite Motility

Abstract Numerous works have demonstrated that trypanosomatid motility is relevant for parasite replication and sensitivity. Nonetheless, although some findings indirectly suggest that motility also plays an important role during infection, this has not been extensively investigated. This work is aimed at partially filling this void for the case of Trypanosoma cruzi. After recording swimming T. cruzi trypomastigotes (CL Brener strain) and recovering their individual trajectories, we statistically analyzed parasite motility patterns. We did this with parasites that swim alone or above monolayer cultures of different cell lines. Our results indicate that T. cruzi trypomastigotes change their motility patterns when they are in the presence of mammalian cells, in a cell-line dependent manner. We further performed infection experiments in which each of the mammalian cell cultures were incubated for 2 h together with trypomastigotes, and measured the corresponding invasion efficiency. Not only this parameter varied from cell line to cell line, but it resulted to be positively correlated with the corresponding intensity of the motility pattern changes. Together, these results suggest that T. cruzi trypomastigotes are capable of sensing the presence of mammalian cells and of changing their motility patterns accordingly, and that this might increase their invasion efficiency.

scholarly journals Establishment of fast-growing serum-free immortalised cells from Chinese hamster lung tissues for biopharmaceutical production

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Noriko Yamano-Adachi ◽  
Rintaro Arishima ◽  
Sukwattananipaat Puriwat ◽  
Takeshi Omasa
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Cho Cells ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Chinese Hamster ◽  
Serum Free ◽  
Sterility Testing ◽  
Fast Growing ◽  
Defined Culture

Abstract Chinese hamster (Cricetulus griseus) ovary-derived Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells are the most commonly used mammalian hosts for the industrial production of recombinant therapeutics because of their ability to fold, assemble, and perform post-translational modifications, such as glycosylation, on proteins. They are also valuable for their ability to grow in serum-free suspension cultures. In this study, we established a cell line derived from lung tissue of Chinese hamsters, named Chinese hamster lung (CHL)-YN cells. The biosafety of CHL-YN cells was confirmed by in vitro sterility testing, mycoplasma detection, and reverse transcriptase assays. One of the key characteristics of CHL-YN cells was their doubling time of 8.1 h in chemically defined culture medium; thus, they proliferate much faster than conventional CHO cells and general mammalian cells. Transgenes could be introduced into CHL-YN cells with high efficiency. Finally, between 50% to > 100% of the amount of glycosylated immunoglobulin G (IgG)1 produced by CHO-K1 cells was produced by CHL-YN cells over a shorter period of time. In summary, fast-growing CHL-YN cells are a unique cell line for producing recombinant proteins.

Inhibition Effects of baicalin on Lymphoma Cell Line CA46 in Vitro and in Vivo

Blood ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 112 (11) ◽  
pp. 5053-5053
Author(s):  
Jian Da Hu ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Yingyu Chen ◽  
Tiannan Wei ◽  
Tingbo Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Line ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Annexin V ◽  
Lymphoma Cell ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
Lymphoma Cell Line ◽  
Proliferation Inhibition

Abstract Baicalin is a traditional Chinese medicine with multiple biological effects. Some researches showed baicalin has anti-tumor effects in solid tumor, such as prostate cancer. In order to investigate its effects on proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induction in human lymphoma cell, we treated Burkitt lymphoma cell line CA46 with baicalin in vitro and in vivo of CA46 xenograft. Baicalin remarkably inhibited the cell proliferation, with an IC50 value of 10μM. Apoptosis was remarkably induced by baicalin in a dose-dependent manner, which was detected by Annexin V FITC/PI double staining analysis, TUNEL labeling method and DNA fragmentation respectively. Furthermore, RT-PCR showed that the mRNA expressions of c-myc and bcl-2 in treated CA46 cell decreased in a time-dependent manner. Western-Blot showed that the protein expressions of c-myc, bcl-2, procaspase-3 and PARP(116KD) in baicalin treated CA46 cell were down-regulated, while the expression of PARP(85KD) increased. Based on the results in vitro, we investigated in vivo efficacy of baicalin, alone or in combination with cytotoxic drug VP16, for treatment in CA46 nude mice xenograft. Baicalin with the dosage of 40mg/kg/d and 80kg/mg/d could remarkably inhibit the growth of the tumor compared with control group. Combination of baicalin and VP16 had better anti-tumor effects. Histological examination of tumor samples showed more necrotic cells in treated groups. And obvious apoptosis could be observed by electron microscope. No adverse events were found in treated groups. From above we could conclude that baicalin could efficiently induce proliferation inhibition and apoptosis of CA46 cells in vitro and in vivo, which may be related with the down-regulation of c-myc and bcl-2 expressions, as well as the up-regulation of caspase-3 activity.

About Mechanisms of Biological Activity of the Nano- and Microparticles of Natural Minerals in the Experiment

10.12737/2753 ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 160-165
Author(s):  
Сергиевич ◽  
A. Sergievich ◽  
Чайка ◽  
Vladimir Chayka ◽  
Голохваст ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Activity ◽  
Biological Effects ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Functional Condition ◽  
World Science ◽  
Natural Minerals ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical And Chemical

There are both in the domestic and the world science a discussion about the biological activity of water-insoluble solid microparticles technogenous and natural. These interactions are studied in the context of the professional pathology, hygiene and nanotoxicology. The purpose of this research was to study the mechanisms of action of particles of natural minerals of various sizes on biological systems. The paper is based on the applied modern methods which allow to determine the degree of interaction of microelements with the functional systems of the organism. Analysis of the results showed that the application of these methods has a number of shortcomings in the experiments in vivo and in vitro, associated with the physical and chemical features of zeolites. It is established that under cultivation in 6- and 24-hole tablets, the zeolite in a dose of 50 mg/ml covers all the cells attached to the glass. In the fields of view of the cells are practically invisible. Thus, an assessment of toxic effects or functional condition of the cells is not possible. Zeolite being water-insoluble compound wich is not subjected to the pipetting. At the delete zeolite of culture, there is practically full elimination of cells from the hole. Accumulation of the primary information about the biological effects of nano - and microparticles is extremely important. This allows the authors to make some conclusions, but the decision of a question on the mechanism of biological activity, especially the prediction of some properties of particles without the study of physical-chemical properties of the particles isn´t possible.

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