scholarly journals Superhero of the Polish People’s Republic on the Example of Andrzej Kondratiuk’s Hydro-puzzle

2019 ◽  
Vol ENGLISH EDITION (1) ◽  
pp. 112-125
Author(s):  
Tomasz Kuźmicz
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Western World ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Ideal

In my essay I try to depict the superheroes from Polish People’s Republic and how they served as embodiments of the ideal vision of a proper citizen, as advocated by the communist authorities. I also trace the differences between them and their Western counterparts, such as Superman or Batman, based on the example of Andrzej Kondratiuk’s Hydro-puzzle. First of all, the social order they upheld and tried to maintain was presented by propaganda as a total antithesis of the Western world – consumptionist, filled with depravation – the root of all imaginable evil. In spite of that, Hydro-puzzle was not only a grotesque parody of American superhero films but also a mocking critique of the communist reality.

Conclusion: Rethinking Punishment

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Didier Fassin
Keyword(s):  
Social Inequality ◽  
Political Violence ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social Groups ◽  
The Social ◽  
Ideal Language ◽  
The Status ◽  
The Ideal

If punishment is not what we say it is, if it is not justified by the reasons we invoke, if it facilitates repeat offenses instead of preventing them, if it punishes in excess of the seriousness of the act, if it sanctions according to the status of the offender rather than to the gravity of the offense, if it targets social groups defined beforehand as punishable, and if it contributes to producing and reproducing disparities, then does it not itself precisely undermine the social order? And must we not start to rethink punishment, not only in the ideal language of philosophy and law but also in the uncomfortable reality of social inequality and political violence?

scholarly journals Nisā` Diction as the Concept of Women's Domestic Social Piety in al-Qur’an

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 169-186
Author(s):  
Muhamad Hanif
Keyword(s):  
Gender Studies ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Research Results ◽  
Library Research ◽  
Women's Participation ◽  
The Social ◽  
Domestic Roles ◽  
Islamic View ◽  
The Ideal

This library research analyzes the word Nisā` in al-Qur'an, which describes the women’s domestic roles and standards of social piety in Islamic view. It uses the philosophical-hermeneutical approach and social piety theory to analyze the data. This research results in three main findings: First, social piety in Islam manifests responsibility as God's caliphs on earth. Second, one of social piety description  in Islam is by the use of word Nisā` repeatedly in different verses and surahs of al-Qur'an. The last, Nisā` diction to describe the social piety concept, according to al-Qur'an, places women in the domestic dimension to show women's participation as God's caliphs on earth in building the ideal social order. This research contributes to the gender studies overlooked by previous researchers, as the concept of Nisā` in al-Qur'an was ignored.

A Distant Rainbow

2021 ◽  
pp. 3-38
Author(s):  
Debasish Roy Chowdhury ◽  
John Keane
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Power Relations ◽  
Western World ◽  
National Unity ◽  
Social Foundations ◽  
The Social ◽  
Caste Status ◽  
Governing Institutions

This introductory chapter traces the origins and resilience of the idea of India as the world’s largest democracy. Democracy was neither a gift of the Western world nor uniquely suited to Indian conditions. India was in fact a laboratory featuring a first-ever experiment in creating national unity, economic growth, religious toleration, and social equality out of a vast and polychromatic reality, a social order whose inherited power relations, rooted in the hereditary Hindu caste status, language hierarchies, and accumulated wealth, were to be transformed by the constitutionally guaranteed counter-power of public debate, multiparty competition, and periodic elections. Efforts to build an Indian democracy are said to have done more than transform the lives of its people. India fundamentally altered the nature of representative democracy itself. India’s democratic credentials, however, face new scrutiny as a result of the executive excesses of a populist demagogue as governing institutions crumble. The chapter argues that India’s democratic decline actually goes back further. It looks at the destructive effects of the long-standing neglect of the social foundations of India’s democracy and considers the possible mutation of democracy into a strange new kind of government called despotism.

scholarly journals Realitas Kehidupan dalam Perspektif Antropologis

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-83
Author(s):  
Mudjahirin Thohir
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Basic Needs ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
The Political ◽  
Common Reference ◽  
Group Interest ◽  
The Social ◽  
Real Practice ◽  
The Ideal

to be able to live normally, human being struggle to fulfill their basic needs. The human basic  needs are: biological, social, and integrative. Biological needs include: food, clothing, and shelter. Social needs include:  interact, cooperate, compete, and social order. Integrative needs include the need for: freedom in justice in accordance with the agreed common reference. So that regularity of life is realized, then guidelines are needes that are concidered true and good.  There are five types of guidelines as a reference, namely:  constitutive faith, cognitive, evaluative, ethical, and  expressive. This is a reference as the ideal culture of society.  Although there are such guidelines, but in real  practice (real clture) violations often occur, including because of individual or group interest. As in ilustraton, it can be seen in the world of football, the concept of fairplay is manifested in the form of inappropriate actions. Not  to mention in the political and economic world. From this angle the concepts of fairness and justice are always warmly studied.  This paper discusses about it from the social sciences perspective, especially anthropology. Keywords: Basic need; guideline; ideal culture; real culture; fairplay. Intisari Untuk dapat hidup secara normal, manusia berjuang untuk memenuhi kebutuhan dasarnya. Kebutuhan-kebutuhan dasar itu ialah kebutuhan biologis, sosial, dan integratif. Kebutuhan biologis meliputi pangan, sandang, dan papan. Kebutuhan sosial meliputi kebutuhan berinteraksi, bekerjasama, dan bersaing. Kebutuhan integratif meliputi nilai-nilai, agar kegiatan bekerja sama maupun bersaing didasari oleh koridor nilai-nilai dan norma hukum yang adil.  Untuk dapat memenuhi kebutuhan dasar tersebut, secara ideal (ideal culture) masyarakat manusia memerlukan pedoman yang dianggap benar dan baik. bermuara kepada lima acuan, yaitu: konstitutif, kognitif, evaluatif, etik, dan ekspresif. Meskipun sudah ada pedoman, tetapi dalam kebudayaan riil (real culture) yakni dalam tataran praktik kehidupan, pedoman-pedoman tadi sering dilanggarnya. Dari sinilah nilai dan norma-norma hukum, hampir selalu menjadi ajang perdebatan, sebagaimana ilustrasi konsep fair play dalam pertandingan sepakbola.  Tulisan ini mendiskusikan mengenai persoalan adil dan keadilan sosial ditinjau dari perspektif antropologis. Kata kunci: Kebutuhan dasar; acuan; budaya ideal; budaya riil; fairplay.

scholarly journals Younger and Older Together: Children's Interactions in a Mixed-Age Early Childhood Centre

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tara Jan Fagan
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Social Interactions ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Western World ◽  
Central Feature ◽  
Older Children ◽  
The Social ◽  
Qualitative Nature ◽  
Mixed Age ◽  
The Ideal

<p>Since industrialisation, children have increasingly become educated in age-bands to facilitate manageability. The contemporary 21st century Western world further limits mixed-age interaction for young children, yet there is little concern expressed about educational segregation based on age. At the same time, mixed-age settings have been noted to be beneficial for children's learning. This qualitative exploratory study, situated within a socio-cultural framework, considered the nature of children's interactions in one mixed-age Playcentre. Using narrative records that captured the nuances of the social interactions of three focus children, over the course of three Playcentre sessions for each child, the experiences of an 18-month aged girl, a 3-year-3-month old boy and a 4-year-7-month old girl were analysed to explore the qualitative nature of the social interactions that are enabled in a mixed-age early childhood setting. This study supports earlier studies that indicate that age makes a difference to the type of interactions that children engage in. In this study age impacted on the social interaction techniques and strategies that the focus children applied and was also a factor when choosing a peer to engage with. Older children were the ideal child to observe, and to engage with, and this assigned an unspoken leadership role to these older children. Yet, all children were active in their life-world with all being able to contribute to the interactions at the Playcentre, regardless of age. Each of the focus children took responsibility for one another, contributing to the upholding of centre rules and regulations while also respecting each others' needs. I argue that the children's social interactions within this Playcentre created a sense of togetherness within a community; this was the central feature of children's social experiences in this mixed-age setting.</p>

Political justice as an axiological principle of political ideologies

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 42-50
Author(s):  
Карчагин ◽  
Evgeniy Karchagin ◽  
Гапоненко ◽  
Stanislav Gaponenko
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Public Authority ◽  
Political Order ◽  
The Political ◽  
Political Justice ◽  
The Public ◽  
Political Ideologies ◽  
The Social ◽  
Political Value ◽  
The Ideal

The article analyzes the correlation between the political justice as a fundamental social and political value and political ideologies. The main historical stages of the development of «ideology» notion are defined. Political justice is broadly understood as the proper measure of distribution of political goods and it forms the ideal of social order, which regulates the relations of social subjects concerning the public authority. At the same time the forming of social ideal is one of the main aims of political ideologies. The mentioned conclusions allow to interpret «political justice» as a fundamental axiological principle which proves the definite ideal of socio-political order. It is urged to regulate the social subject’s relationship concerning public authority.

scholarly journals Ideology and moral: relationship of norm and ideal in the light of synergetic philosophy of history

2020 ◽  
Vol 210 ◽  
pp. 16031
Author(s):  
Sergey Busov ◽  
Mariya Zobova ◽  
Alexey Rodukov
Keyword(s):  
Social Order ◽  
Philosophy Of History ◽  
Value Systems ◽  
New Order ◽  
Main Function ◽  
The Social ◽  
Moral Relationship ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
Selection Of ◽  
The Ideal

The formation of notions about the mechanism of transition from the social order to the chaos and vice versa - from the chaos to a new order, represented by the synergetic philosophy of history, which is entirely based on the ideas of V.P. Branskiy, allows us to take a fresh look at the process of changing value systems in society. It is based on the process of changing ideals. The social ideal aims to overcome the contradictions of life. However, when its main function is implemented, some contradictions disappear, but others appear. The selection of viable ideals leads us only to a temporary softening of social contradictions: the implementation of new ideals deduces the society from the deadlock, but at the same time, it forms the conditions for new contradictions and new crisis in the new system of values. The study of the process of self-organization of ideals and values allowed the St. Petersburg school of social synergetics to discover the operation of law of correlation of the standards of behavioral stereotype to the standards of ethical ideal. The study of this law serves as a system-forming element in the study of the ideology of society, it allows us to understand why an adequate form of existence of such cultural universals as freedom, goodness, beauty, truth, besides the ideal, is also the norm - as value and the regulator of relations.

scholarly journals Science, industry, and the social order in Mulhouse, 1798–1871

1984 ◽  
Vol 17 (2) ◽  
pp. 127-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Fox
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Special Reference ◽  
Educational System ◽  
Social Order ◽  
The Social ◽  
Modern France ◽  
Total Control ◽  
The Rich ◽  
High Degree ◽  
The Ideal

There is a story, which historians of modern France often tell, of the ministerial official in Paris who had only to glance at his clock in order to know the exact passage of Vergil being construed and the law of physics being expounded in every school throughout the country. Invariably, the story is told for a purpose. It is used to demonstrate the high degree of centralization and the attendant rigidity of the French educational system, usually with special reference to the nineteenth century. The story, which has its roots in the rich corpus of Napoleonic legend, serves this purpose very well, but unfortunately it is both apocryphal and misleading. For while it is true that most nineteenth-century ministers with responsibility for education aspired to the ideal of total control, not one of them came close to it in reality.

scholarly journals KONSEPSI MASYARAKAT MADANI DALAM BINGKAI PENDIDIKAN ISLAM

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mughniatul Ilma ◽  
Rifqi Nur Alfian
Keyword(s):  
Civil Society ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Social System ◽  
Islamic Education ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Ideal Form ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Ideal

The challenge of globalization is increasingly rocking the social order in society. This can be a real threat to a nation if it is continuously allowed to flow without any meaningful effort. Various problems arise including moral decadence, moral degradation to the disintegration of the nation. This requires a revolution in the social system of society. Civil society as an old concept which became known as 'Islamic' with the term Civil Society became important to be made a proposal for change. Civil society is the ideal form of society that all nations aspire to. The building of civil society requires a variety of solid and resilient materials based on the foundation of religion. The key to the building is Islamic Education. Islamic education is an effort to create a superior generation that is Islamic, which in turn will unite itself to form a religious, moral, high quality and creative society in building civilization.

Article

1979 ◽  
Vol 24 (5) ◽  
pp. 459-470 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Collomb
Keyword(s):  
Mental Illness ◽  
Social Order ◽  
Medical Model ◽  
Mental Illnesses ◽  
Social Dimension ◽  
Social Model ◽  
Western World ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Law

There is an imperialist dimension in occidental science; for instance, mental illnesses are defined and classified according to occidental criteria, which we in the western world tend to consider universal. In the medical model, reinforced by the developments of psychopharmacology, the sequence diagnosis — drugs — discharge tends to exclude the personal and social dimensions. Even the psychoanalytic approach does not get away from the concept of individual illness, and minimizes the social dimension of existence. In traditional African cultures, mental illness is integrated into social order and cosmic order. Each member of the culture has precise conceptual and operational models for the causes of the illness: the patient is the victim of an aggression, carried out by a living person or by a ghost, acting as representative of the law of the group. The social discourse, in particular, the healers, masks and reveals a deep and holistic truth: illness is the outcome of the characteristic and fundamental aggressiveness of the human species. The various representations, changing from one ethnic group to another, reflect two fundamental types of conflictual situations: conflict with the other, derived from the original conflict with the mother; and conflict with the law, which emanates not from the father but from the ancestors or the gods. A typical example is described: the Rab system used by the healers of Senegal. Man is not an isolated individual, perceiving his isolation, separated from the others and from the world. He is a link in a chain, very much part of a lineage, engaged in the universe, protected by the ancestors and the gods. Illness has a social value: it is a sign of a disorder in the community. The healer, whose knowledge and power have been acquired through initiation, does not address himself to the patient: his action, through symbolic procedures, is directed to the community. Not only does he aim at freeing the patient from the illness, but at restoring order in the group. African ethnopsychiatry is therefore a social psychiatry in the fullest sense. Occidental cultures have privileged other models: the medical model centered around the concept of illness, the psychological model around the concept of personality. The social model has not yet obtained the privileged place which it will perhaps reach once the essential importance of the social aspect of mental illness is recognized. These views have led the author to his action-research during twenty years of psychiatric practice and teaching in Senegal (1958–1978), where he found that the medical model as imported from France had proven inefficient. The Fann mental hospital, a cultural heritage of the colonial status, was changed from a closed asylum into a living community, open to families, friends, and former patients at any time of the day or night. A member of the family of each patient had to be hospitalized with him and to share the same life during his whole stay. All kinds of community activities were set out. A blurring of the roles of staff and patients took place. Slowly, madness, because of this liberal acceptance, disappeared from the institution. What has been possible in Africa cannot be achieved in Europe at the present. The pre-eminence of the medical model, the rigidity and hierarchy of the medical power, the heaviness and bureaucratic routines of the health care system are formidable obstacles.

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