Potential non-coding RNAs from microorganisms and its therapeutic use in the treatment of different human cancers

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raju Biswas ◽  
Dipanjana Ghosh ◽  
Bhramar Dutta ◽  
Urmi Halder ◽  
Prittam Goswami ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rna Interference ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Sequence Analysis ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Signal Sequence ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Gene Products ◽  
Conserved Sequence ◽  
Alternative Therapeutic Approach ◽  
Non Coding Rnas

Abstract:: Cancer therapy describes treatment of cancer, often with surgery, chemotherapy, and radiotherapy. Additionally, RNA interference (RNAi) is likely to consider as a new emerging, alternative therapeutic approach for silencing/targeting cancer-related genes. RNAi can exert antiproliferative and proapoptotic effects by targeting functional carcinogenic molecules or knocking down gene products of cancer-related genes. However, in contrast to conventional cancer therapies, RNAi based therapy is seemed to have fewer side effects. Transcription signal sequence and conserved sequence analysis showed that microorganisms could be a potent source of non-coding RNAs. This review concluded thatmapping of RNAi mechanism and RNAi based drugs delivery approaches are expected to lead the better prospective of cancer therapy.

Nanoparticle-based Drug Delivery Systems for Targeted Epigenetics Cancer Therapy

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (11) ◽  
pp. 1084-1098
Author(s):  
Fengqian Chen ◽  
Yunzhen Shi ◽  
Jinming Zhang ◽  
Qi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Drug Delivery Systems ◽  
Therapeutic Index ◽  
Delivery Systems ◽  
Epigenetic Therapy ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits ◽  
High Therapeutic Index

This review summarizes the epigenetic mechanisms of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) methylation, histone modifications in cancer and the epigenetic modifications in cancer therapy. Due to their undesired side effects, the use of epigenetic drugs as chemo-drugs in cancer therapies is limited. The drug delivery system opens a door for minimizing these side effects and achieving greater therapeutic benefits. The limitations of current epigenetic therapies in clinical cancer treatment and the advantages of using drug delivery systems for epigenetic agents are also discussed. Combining drug delivery systems with epigenetic therapy is a promising approach to reaching a high therapeutic index and minimizing the side effects.

scholarly journals Development of Natural Product-Conjugated Metal Complexes as Cancer Therapies

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (2) ◽  
pp. 341 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dik-Lung Ma ◽  
Chun Wu ◽  
Sha-Sha Cheng ◽  
Fu-Wa Lee ◽  
Quan-Bin Han ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Natural Product ◽  
Cancer Care ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
The Future ◽  
Therapy Development ◽  
Enhanced Selectivity

Platinum-based drugs have revolutionized cancer care, but are unfortunately associated with various adverse effects. Meanwhile, natural product scaffolds exhibit multifarious bioactivities and serve as an attractive resource for cancer therapy development. Thus, the conjugation of natural product scaffolds to metal complexes becomes an attractive strategy to reduce the severe side effects arising from the use of metal bearing drugs. This review aims to highlight the recent examples of natural product-conjugated metal complexes as cancer therapies with enhanced selectivity and efficacy. We discuss the mechanisms and features of different conjugate complexes and present an outlook and perspective for the future of this field.

scholarly journals Getting to the Heart of the Matter: An Overview of Cardiac Toxicity Related to Cancer Therapy

2015 ◽  
Vol 9s2 ◽  
pp. CMC.S19704 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carine E. Hamo ◽  
Michelle Weisfelner Bloom
Keyword(s):  
Radiation Therapy ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Cancer Survival ◽  
Cardiac Toxicity ◽  
Early Recognition ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Cardiovascular Side Effects

With the improvement in cancer survival, long-term cardiotoxicity has become an area of increased interest. Various cancer therapies, including chemotherapy and radiation therapy can lead to cardiac toxicities with both acute and chronic manifestations. Awareness and early recognition can lead to improvement in cardiac survival and patient outcomes. The focus of this review is to summarize the cancer therapy agents most often associated with cardiovascular side effects, highlighting their mechanism of action and strategies for surveillance and prevention.

scholarly journals Magnetic Nanoparticles Used in Oncology

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (20) ◽  
pp. 5948
Author(s):  
Veronica Manescu (Paltanea) ◽  
Gheorghe Paltanea ◽  
Iulian Antoniac ◽  
Marius Vasilescu
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Nanoparticles ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Metastatic Cancer ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Cancer Drug ◽  
Synthesis Methods ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Cancer Treatments ◽  
Cancer Drug Resistance

Recently, magnetic nanoparticles (MNPs) have more and more often been used in experimental studies on cancer treatments, which have become one of the biggest challenges in medical research. The main goal of this research is to treat and to cure advanced or metastatic cancer with minimal side effects through nanotechnology. Drug delivery approaches take into account the fact that MNPs can be bonded to chemotherapeutical drugs, nucleic acids, synthetized antibodies or radionuclide substances. MNPs can be guided, and different treatment therapies can be applied, under the influence of an external magnetic field. This paper reviews the main MNPs’ synthesis methods, functionalization with different materials and highlight the applications in cancer therapy. In this review, we describe cancer cell monitorization based on different types of magnetic nanoparticles, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, magnetic hyperthermia, gene therapy and ferroptosis. Examples of applied treatments on murine models or humans are analyzed, and glioblastoma cancer therapy is detailed in the review. MNPs have an important contribution to diagnostics, investigation, and therapy in the so called theranostics domain. The main conclusion of this paper is that MNPs are very useful in different cancer therapies, with limited side effects, and they can increase the life expectancy of patients with cancer drug resistance.

Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Adjuvant Cancer Therapy, to Complement Immune Checkpoint Therapy and Other Traditional Cancer Therapies, with Least Auto-immune Side Effects through Eco-balance of Human Microbiome

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 4295-4317
Author(s):  
Malireddy S Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Adjuvant Therapy ◽  
Cancer Treatment ◽  
Nosocomial Infections ◽  
Immune Checkpoint ◽  
Great Promise ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Immunological Mechanisms ◽  
Probiotic Strains

This paper describes a novel serendipitous discovery to successfully treat cancer with improved efficiency emerged while using Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy (originally discovered to prevent or treat nosocomial infections) as an adjuvant therapy along with the immune checkpoint therapy and other conventional cancer therapies. This new discovery is named as “Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Adjuvant Cancer Therapy”. Cancer is rising as a global epidemic, currently killing over 9 million people every year. This figure is supposed to get up to 13 million by the year 2030.  The cancer epidemic is more prevalent in the Western countries than Eastern countries. The cost of treating cancer was $290 billion in the year 2010 and it is supposed to get up to $458 billion/year by the year 2030.  Recently checkpoint immune therapy is showing great promise as a treatment tool. Yet the global success in treating the cancer is only 20% or slightly higher, with all the advancements and discoveries.  A new paradigm shift in cancer treatment has been discovered as serendipitous discovery to enhance the efficiency of the existing cancer therapies significantly. This serendipitous discovery came as a surprise while running community based clinical trials using the novel discovery of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy to prevent or cure the hospital acquired or nosocomial infections, which are affecting over six million people with severe mortality.  Several physicians have observed that Dr. Reddy’s Probiotic therapy given for prevention or control of nosocomial infections significantly helped the recovery of cancer patients who were also receiving standard cancer therapies.  This article outlines the mechanism by which Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy assist to cure cancer at a much faster pace, with the least side effects, when used as adjuvant therapy along with the immune checkpoint therapy, and other standard cancer therapies.  Details are presented how the PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade therapy works to reduce cancer and also the possible scientific explanations why such an immune checkpoint therapy only works on limited cancer cases.  The effect of Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotics on establishing the immune tolerance through reduction of local or systemic inflammation is also outlined. The possible biological and immunological mechanisms of how Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy significantly enhances the immune checkpoint therapy (PD-1 and CTLA-4 blockade) has been presented with explicit details. The details are also presented showing how Multiple Mixed Strain Adjuvant Therapy can minimize or significantly reduce the unpleasant side effects of the current conventional and immune checkpoint cancer therapies. Practical clinical and experimental data presented to show the significance of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy, as an adjuvant therapy, along with the standard cancer therapies to improve the cancer treatment efficiencies by up to 60%. Evidence is presented to illustrate and point out that the current FDA regulations will allow the use of Dr. M.S. Reddy’s Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic (Therapy) as nutritional supplement, since the probiotic strains used are categorized as food grade and GRAS (Generally Regarded as Safe), as per the 21 Code of Federal Regulations of the Food and Drug Administration.  Details are presented with genus and species identification of individual probiotic strains used in the Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy. Thus special and formal FDA approval is not required to use them as adjuvants to improve the efficiency of traditional cancer therapies. Finally the scientific reasoning is presented with evidence to illustrate the utmost urgency and necessity of using Dr. M.S. Reddy’s “Multiple Mixed Strain Probiotic Therapy” along with the immune checkpoint therapy and other traditional cancer therapies to protect the lives of millions of people dying with cancer annually.  

scholarly journals Therapeutic Effects of Ten Commonly Used Chinese Herbs and Their Bioactive Compounds on Cancers

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Liu ◽  
Binbin Yang ◽  
Lu Yang ◽  
Jasmine Kaur ◽  
Calvin Jessop ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Chinese Herbs ◽  
Therapeutic Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Clinical Experiences ◽  
Conventional Chemotherapy ◽  
Effective Cancer Therapy

Effective cancer therapy is one of the biggest global challenges. Conventional cancer therapies have been at the forefront of combating cancers, but more evidence showed considerable side effects, limiting their use. There are various new therapies in development, but combined approaches for treating cancer are much expected. Natural herbs had been traditionally in use for cancer therapy in most parts of the world. In this review, we have examined ten commonly used Chinese herbs that have, for centuries, shown effectiveness in treating cancers. They demonstrated the abilities to promote the apoptosis of cancer cells, inhibit their metastasis, activate the patient’s anticancer immunity, and synergistically increase the efficacy of conventional chemotherapy and radiation therapy when used in combination. Clinical experiences had proved that these herbs and their bioactive compounds were effective against a plethora of cancers through a variety of mechanisms, effectively improving patients’ quality of life without significant side effects. These advantages indicate that there are huge potentials in the development of Chinese herbs into cancer medicine as part of a promising, holistic cancer treatment modality.

scholarly journals Clinical Manual for Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Complications of Cancer Therapy. Parts II-V

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (4) ◽  
pp. 6-19
Author(s):  
I Ye Chazova ◽  
S A Tyulyandin ◽  
M V Vitsenia ◽  
M G Poltavskaya ◽  
M Yu Gilyarov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Artery Disease

Advances in treatment have led to improved survival of patients with cancer but have also resulted in untoward side effects associated with treatment. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most frequent of these side effects. Myocardial dysfunction and heart failure, myocardial ischaemia, arrhythmias, arterial hypertension, thromboembolic disease and other cardiovascular complications can interfere with the efficacy of treatment, decrease quality of life, or impact the actual survival of the patient with cancer. This manual discusses concepts for timely diagnosis, intervention, and surveillance of patients treated with cardiotoxic cancer therapies. In this second part оf manual we discuss the diagnostic, prevention and treatment aspects of cancer therapy-related coronary artery disease, arterial hypertension, arrhythmias and pulmonary hypertension.

scholarly journals Clinical Manual for Diagnosis, Prevention and Treatment of Cardiovascular Complications of Cancer Therapy. Part I

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 6-20
Author(s):  
I Ye Chazova ◽  
S A Tyulyandin ◽  
M V Vitsenia ◽  
A G Ovchinnikov ◽  
M G Poltavskaya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heart Failure ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Myocardial Dysfunction ◽  
Cardiovascular Complications ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Patients With Cancer ◽  
Prevention And Treatment ◽  
Actual Survival

Advances in treatment have led to improved survival of patients with cancer but have also resulted in untoward side effects associated with treatment. Cardiovascular diseases are one of the most frequent of these side effects. Myocardial dysfunction and heart failure, myocardial ischaemia, arrhythmias, arterial hypertension, thromboembolic disease and other cardiovascular complications can interfere with the efficacy of treatment, decrease quality of life, or impact the actual survival of the patient with cancer. This manual discusses concepts for timely diagnosis, intervention, and surveillance of patients treated with cardiotoxic cancer therapies. In this first part оf manual we discuss the diagnostic, prevention and treatment aspects of cancer therapy-related cardiac dysfunction and heart failure.

scholarly journals Near-Infrared Photoimmunotherapy for Cancers of the Gastrointestinal Tract

Digestion ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
Tadanobu Nagaya ◽  
Peter L. Choyke ◽  
Hisataka Kobayashi
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Distant Metastases ◽  
Infrared Light ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Gi Tract ◽  
Preclinical Research ◽  
Excitation Light ◽  
New Treatment

<b><i>Background:</i></b> Cancers of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract are the common leading cause of cancer-related death in the world. Recent advances in cancer therapies such as intensive multidrug chemotherapy and molecular targeted treatment have improved therapeutic efficacy; however, the outcomes are not satisfied. Moreover, these therapies also cause severe side effects. New type of cancer therapies is urgently needed to improve the outcomes and to reduce side effects of GI tract cancers. <b><i>Summary:</i></b> This account is a comprehensive review article on the newly developed, photochemistry-based cancer therapy named as near-infrared photoimmunotherapy (NIR-PIT). NIR-PIT is a highly selective tumor treatment that employs an antibody-photoabsorber conjugate, which is activated by near-infrared light. A world-wide phase 3 clinical trial of NIR-PIT against recurrent head and neck cancer patients is currently underway. NIR-PIT differs from conventional cancer therapies such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation in its selectivity for killing cancer cells and cells treated with NIR-PIT leading to immunogenic cell death. Preclinical research in animals with combining cancer-targeting NIR-PIT and other cancer immunotherapies could lead to responses not only in local tumor but also in distant metastases. NIR-PIT also leads to an immediate and dramatic increase in vascular permeability after therapy. From these aspects, NIR-PIT appears to be a promising new form of cancer therapy. NIR-PIT could be readily translated into clinical use for virtually any cancers in the near future provided suitable humanized antibodies are available. Here, we describe the specific advantages and applications of NIR-PIT in the GI tract. <b><i>Key Messages:</i></b> We believe that NIR-PIT with NIR excitation light, which can be delivered via a fiber optic diffuser through endoscopes, is a promising method for a new treatment of GI cancers.

Diet-Based Interventions Against Cancer

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 22-30
Author(s):  
James Sung Jun Choi
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Clinical Trials ◽  
Side Effects ◽  
Cancer Therapy ◽  
Protein Restriction ◽  
Cancer Therapies ◽  
Significant Weight Loss ◽  
Adverse Side Effects ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Combined Interventions

Different diet-based approaches have been studied as potential adjuvants to standard cancer therapies in human clinical trials. However, these diets have been shown to have complications such as non-compliance and adverse side effects. This paper investigates four different types of diet-based approaches used in human clinical trials and compares their complications. The four diet-based approaches evaluated in this paper are ketogenic diet (KD), protein restriction, fasting and fasting mimicking diets (FMD), and combined interventions. Research shows that KDs have large reports of non-compliance from subjects, with subjects also experiencing significant weight loss, constipation, and fatigue. Protein restriction diets have greater levels of adherence from subjects but may lead to harmful hematological toxicities. Fasting and FMD showed greater adherence than subjects on KDs, and lower toxicities than subjects on protein restriction diets, but had a greater number of complaints of headaches, hunger, and dizziness. Finally, combined interventions have the fewest reports of side effects and non-compliance but suffer from a limited number of case studies. Given these results, diet-based interventions require further research to minimize side effects and non-compliance before becoming an accepted adjuvant to standard cancer therapy.

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