scholarly journals Productivity of Quinoa (Chenopodium quinoa L.) Genotypes Across Different Agro-Ecological Regions of Oman

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 98-109
Author(s):  
Saif Ali AlKhamisi ◽  
Saleem K. Nadaf ◽  
Nadiya Mohammed Al-Jabri ◽  
Khalid Said Al-Hashmi ◽  
Asma Ismail Al-Shirawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Rapid Expansion ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Ecological Regions ◽  
Inflorescence Length ◽  
Number Of Branches

Background: Quinoa has the great potentiality of its expansion in world agriculture owing to its resilient traits of productivity under marginal conditions across varying altitudes, soil and climatic conditions with extreme levels of abiotic factors like moisture stress, high temperature and salinity as influenced by climatic change. It offers a crop of food security in several countries that have begun the trials of evaluation since the early 1980s leading to the rapid expansion of its cultivation in other countries after the United Nation’s declaration for 2013 as “Year of Quinoa” to promote its production as a grain crop. In this view, five quinoa genotypes were evaluated for their yield, agronomic performance and adaptability at three locations across different agro-ecological regions of Oman. Methods: Five quinoa genotypes Amarilla Marangani, Amarilla Sacaca, Blanca de junin, Kancolla and Salcedo INIA, received from the Oman FAO office in 2016, were evaluated for three consecutive years from 2016/2017 to 2018/2019 during the winter season (October to March) at national agriculture research stations located at Rumais in South Batinah governorate, AlKamil in South Sharqia governorate and Sohar in North Batinah governorate. The experiments were conducted on the sites containing sandy loam soil under Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) involving these five genotypes with four replications under a drip-irrigation system with varying levels of irrigation water salinity. The irrigation and fertilizers were applied as per national recommendations. The characters viz. chlorophyll content, plant height (cm), number of branches, inflorescence length (cm), days to maturity and grain yield (ton/ha) were recorded at appropriate times of growth of crops at all locations. Grain samples were subjected to proximate analysis. The data on yield and yield contributing characters were subjected to multi-factor analysis of variance (ANOVA) using GenStat Statistical Package v12. Results: The results indicated that among the effects of main factors viz. genotypes, locations and years, all the effects were highly significant (p<0.01) in respect of plant height and grain yield, whereas for a number of branches, all the main effects except genotypes were highly significant (p<0.01). In respect of chlorophyll content (SPAD value), effects of genotype and years were found significant (p<0.05) and whereas for inflorescence length, effects of locations and years were highly significant (p<0.05). Genotype Amarllia Sacaca had the highest plant height (135 cm), followed by genotype Salcedo INIA (117 cm) during the winter season of 2016/2017. The highest grain yield of 5.40 t ha-1) obtained was harvested at Agriculture Research Station, Rumais where Amarllia Sacaca produced the highest (8.86 t ha-1). The protein content was highest (17.49%) in the genotype Amarllia Maranagani. Irrespective of genotypes, locations and years, the quinoa crop had acceptable performance in terms of 107.47 cm plant height, 18 number of branches, 44.47 SPDA value (chlorophyll) and 31.96 cm inflorescence length with an average yield of 3.83 t ha-1. Conclusion: Quinoa has been found to be highly adaptable to Northern agro-ecological regions (South and North Batinah Governorates) of Oman, and genotypes evaluated can be successfully introduced for general cultivation in Northern Oman.

scholarly journals HYBRID VIGOUR EFFECT IN SORGHUM SELECTION

2019 ◽  
pp. 15-24
Author(s):  
O. P. Kibalnik
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
First Generation ◽  
Abiotic Factors ◽  
F1 Hybrids ◽  
Hybrid Vigour ◽  
Parental Form ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Dominant Genes ◽  
Inflorescence Length

The authors see application of hybrid vigour in the hybrids obtained on the basis of mother lines with cytoplasmic male sterility as a promising way of sorghum selection. The selection is aimed at increasing sorghum productivity. Hybrid vigour is observed in the first generation of hybrids which was caused by interaction among genes (dominance and epistasis) and additive effect of dominant genes. Its effect is weakened in further generations. The paper explores the effect of heterosis of F1 hybrids obtained on the basis of CMC lines with A1, A2, A3, A4, M-35-1A, 9E types of sterility and productive pollinator varieties which are resistant to biotic and abiotic factors in the region. The experiment was carried out on the pilot plots of Research and Technological Institute of Sorghum and Corn “Rossorgo” in 2015-2016. The area of the plot was7.7 m2; frequency observed was three times; landfill location was random. The density of new hybrids, standards and parental forms was 100 thousand plants pro a hectare. The frequency of pure (superior to the superior parental form), hypothetical (superior to the average value of parental forms) and competitive (excess of the sign of hybrid F1 over the released hybrid) heterosis in terms of: plant height, inflorescence length, grain mass per panicle and 1000 grains, yield. Heterosis was more frequent in terms of plant height, inflorescence length, weight of 1000 grains, and less frequently (mainly in 2016) in terms of yield and weight of grain from a panicle. The authors indicate the prospective combinations of crosses with low effect of competitive heterosis in plant height and the highest yield as: A1 O-Yang 1/Avance, A1 O-Yang 1/Topaz, A3 Feterita 14/Mercury, A4 KP 70/Volzhskoe 4. These hybrids form the grain yield of 4.09-9.15 t/ha (2015-2016) and are characterized by the effect of competitive heterosis in2016 interms of grain yield from 2.1 to 71.4%. Hybrids A1 O-Yang 1/Volzhskoe 4 and A2 KVV 114/Avance differ in competitive heterosis by weight of 1000 grains (51.7-60.0%) and grains from one panicle (5.8-52.9%). The hybrids outlined are expected to be relevant for further tests.

scholarly journals VARIASI GENETIK, HERITABILITAS, DAN KORELASI GENOTIPIK SIFAT-SIFAT PENTING TANAMAN WIJEN (Sesamum indicum L.)

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
pp. 88 ◽  
Author(s):  
SUDARMADJI SUDARMADJI ◽  
RUSIM MARDJONO ◽  
HADI SUDARMO
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Growth Yield ◽  
Genetic Variations ◽  
Sesamum Indicum ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Genotypic Correlation ◽  
Genotypic Correlations ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Plant Length

ABSTRAK<br />Penelitian ini merupakan pengujian terhadap genotip-genotip hasil<br />persilangan tanaman wijen, dengan tujuan mendapatkan informasi<br />mengenai variasi genetik, heritabilitas, dan korelasi genotipik beberapa sifat<br />penting hasil persilangan tanaman wijen. Penelitian dilakukan di Kebun<br />Percobaan Pasirian, Lumajang, Jawa Timur pada bulan April 2002 –<br />Agustus 2003. Rancangan yang digunakan adalah rancangan acak kelom-<br />pok dengan tiga ulangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa (1) sebagian<br />besar sifat yang diamati mempunyai variasi genetik yang cukup besar, (2)<br />nilai heritabilitas (dalam arti luas) tinggi terdapat pada sifat tinggi tanaman,<br />umur berbunga, umur panen, jumlah cabang per tanaman, jumlah polong<br />per tanaman, panjang polong, berat 1000 biji, dan hasil biji per hektar,<br />sehingga dapat digunakan sebagai kriteria seleksi pada generasi awal, dan<br />(3) korelasi genotipik terhadap hasil biji per hektar terjadi pada sifat tinggi<br />tanaman dan berat 1000 biji pada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 13, sedangkan<br />pada persilangan Sbr 1 X Si 22, dan Sbr 1 X Si 26 terjadi korelasi genotipik<br />antara hasil biji per hektar dengan tinggi tanaman dan jumlah cabang per<br />tanaman.<br />Kata kunci : Wijen, Sesamum indicum L., persilangan, genotip, variasi<br />genetik, heritabilitas, korelasi genotipik, pertumbuhan, hasil,<br />Jawa Timur<br />ABSTRACT<br />Genetic variations, heritability and genotypic correlations<br />of important characteristics of sesame (Sesamum indicum<br />L.)<br />The experiment was conducted to evaluate genetic variations,<br />heritability, and genotypic correlations of important characteristics of<br />sesame. The experiment was located at Pasirian Research Station,<br />Lumajang, East Java from April 2002 – August 2003. Randomized block<br />design with three replications was used in the experiment. The result of the<br />experiment showed that: (1) generally, the genetic variations for all traits<br />were high enough, (2) the heritability values (in broad sense) on plant<br />height, flowering time, harvest time, number of branches per plant, number<br />of pods per plant, length of pods, 1000-seed weight, and grain yield per<br />hectare were high, indicating that the inheritance of these traits were simple<br />inheritance and selection can be performed in early generation, and (3) in<br />Sbr 1 X Si 13 crosses, plant height and 1000-seeed weight had genotypic<br />correlation with grain yield per hectare, then plant height and number of<br />branches per plant had genotypic correlation with grain yield per hectare in<br />Sbr 1 X Si 22, and Sbr 1 X Si 26 crosses.<br />Key words : Sesame, Sesamum indicum L., crossing, genotype, genetic<br />variations, heritability, genotypic correlation, growth, yield,<br />East Jav

scholarly journals The Effect of Seed Amounts and Nitrogen Fertilization in the growth and Yield the green fodder for a mixture of forage green forage of a Forage Mixture to Alfalfa (Medicagosativa L.) and Oats (Avenasativa L.)

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shaima' Ibrahim ◽  
Hussein Majid
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Research Station ◽  
The Third ◽  
Vegetative Traits ◽  
Green Fodder ◽  
Number Of Branches

A field experiment has been conducted at the agricultural second research station affiliated to College of Agriculture / University of Al-Muthnna, located on Euphrates River in the Al-Bandar village southwestern province of Al-Muthana (800 m away from the city of Samawa/ Al-MuthanaProvince) during the winter season of 2015 to 2016 in order to study the effect of different amounts of seed oats Avena sativa L. (0, 40, 80, 120 and 160) kg. h-1 with a one amount of seed for Medicago sativa L. (40 kg. h-1)] and four levels of nitrogen fertilization (0, 40, 80 and 120) kg.h-1) on the growth traits andsome vegetative traits (high plant and leaf area and weight of leaves and number of branches) and yield green forage for a mixture of forage alfalfa and oats, and three cutting. Applied experience manner split plot, according to randomized complete blocks design (RCBD) with three replications.The  results  showed  moral  superiority  the  third  for  cutting  recorded  by using  the  seed  mixture  for  (40  alfalfa :160  oats)     kg. h-1   higher  averages  of   plant  height  (55.22 cm)  and  the  number  of  tillers  (1058.65 tiller. m-2)  and leaf  area  (98.37 cm)  for  oats  compared  to  that  obtained  jet  at  the  highest  qualitative  weight  (509.74 g. cm-2)as recorded  at  the  amount  of  alfalfa  seed  (40 kg. AH -1)  the  highest  in  the  third  cutting  plant  height  (56.36 cm) and  leaf  area  (207.50 cm 2. plant -1)  and  the  number  of  branches  (1477.84 branch. m -2)While recorded the amount of seed (40 Alfalfa: 80 Oats) kg. H-1 holds the highest green fodder when the third cutting has average of (58.21 tons). H-1  As  for  the effect  of nitrogen  fertilization  level  have  won  80  kg. E -1  highest  averages  for  all  vegetative  traits  studied and yield green fooder to plant  oats  and  alfalfa  inthe third  cutting  as  well  as  the  attainment  of  the  highest  averages  in the  leaf  area  of  ​​Chauvin  specific  weight  of  leaf  alfalfa  forage  in  the  mixture  when nitrogen fertilization is not added (control treatment)

scholarly journals Yields of sesame vary dramatically under rain-fed conditions on marginal lands in Thailand

2019 ◽  
pp. 2075-2085
Author(s):  
Darika Bunphan ◽  
Joseph E. Knoll ◽  
William F. Anderson
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Harvest Index ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Marginal Land ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Total Chlorophyll Content ◽  
Number Of Branches ◽  
Plant Plant

The objectives of this research were to evaluate grain yield, related traits and some agronomic performances of 15 sesame cultivars under rain-fed conditions on marginal land of Northeast in Thailand. The experiments were conducted at two locations; Maha Sarakham and Buriram provinces in Northeast Thailand during the summer of 2018. The fields were arranged in a RCBD with 4 replications and 15 sesame cultivars. Significant differences were observed for all traits at both locations except SPAD chlorophyll meter reading (SCMR) at 90 DAP in Maha Sarakham. Significant differences were found between locations for yield and some of the yield components. It appeared that pod/plant, plant height, number of branches, and plant biomass were the most important components attributing to yield. Harvest index was negatively correlated with yield. Heritability estimates were the highest for plant height (0.88), branches per plant (0.92), pod width (0.95), and pod length (0.89). At Maha Sarakahm, cv. UB3 had the greatest grain yield (1058.03 kg ha-1), and was among the highest for number of branches/plant, plant height, and number of pods/plant, whereas KKU1 had the highest harvest index (43.62%). Mahasarakham60 had the highest SCMR value at 60 and 75 DAP and also total chlorophyll content at 60, 75 and 90 DAP. At Buriram cv. Buriram had the highest number of branches/plant, plant height, SCMR, total chlorophyll content, and number of capsules/plant, but did not have a high grain yield (334.44 kg ha-1). UB1 had the highest grain yield (545.63 kg ha-1) at Buriram. Environmental factors affected agronomic performances and grain yield in sesame grown under the rain-fed condition and marginal land in Thailand. If breeding under various environmental conditions, traits such as plant height and number of branches per plant would achieve the highest gains.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Underutilized Kodo Millet (Paspalum scrobiculatum L.) Accessions using Morphological and Quality Traits

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V. Nirubana ◽  
R. Ravikesavan ◽  
K. Ganesamurthy
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Association Studies ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Flowering Plant ◽  
Path Coefficient ◽  
Path Coefficient Analysis ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Kodo Millet ◽  
Inflorescence Length

Background: Kodo millet is an important drought tolerant crop and has high nutritional values, dietary fiber and antioxidant properties. It has considerable production potential in marginal and low fertility soils under diverse environmental conditions. Considering the importance of the crop, it is necessary to improve the nutritional quality along with grain yield of the crop. With this background, the investigation was aimed to study the correlation and path coefficient analysis which helps to identify the promising traits for yield and quality improvement. Methods: One hundred and three kodo millet germplasm lines were evaluated for 13 morpho-agronomic and two grain nutritional traits. The crop was raised in randomized block design to select the promising genotypes and to study the association among the traits and the magnitude of direct and indirect effects for fifteen quantitative traits. Result: Based on the overall mean performance the significant genotypes were identified and found wide range of variability for different traits. Character association studies indicated that days to first flowering, days to 50 per cent flowering, plant height, number of productive tillers, peduncle length, inflorescence length, length of the longest raceme and thumb length were significantly positive association with grain yield per plant. Path coefficient analysis revealed that inflorescence length, plant height, length of the longest raceme, flag leaf blade length and number of productive tillers exhibited high direct positive effect on grain yield. Therefore, giving importance of these traits during selections may be useful for developing nutritionally superior high yielding kodo millet genotypes.

Genetic Analysis of Pigeonpea [Cajanus cajan (L.) Millsp.] Hybrids for Yield and Yield Attributes

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sandeep S. ◽  
Sujatha K. ◽  
Manikya Minnie C. ◽  
Sudha Rani C.
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Seed Yield ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Test Weight ◽  
Research Station ◽  
High Genetic Diversity ◽  
Yield Attributes ◽  
Pod Length ◽  
Number Of Seeds ◽  
Number Of Branches

An experiment was carried-out with forty-eight hybrids of pigeonpea and two checks for nine characters at Agricultural Research Station, Tandur (Professor Jayashankar Telangana State Agricultural University). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences among the hybrids for all the nine characters studied. The results of genetic parameters revealed that, high genotypic (GCV) and phenotypic coefficients of variations (PCV) were observed for seed yield and number of pods per plant. Six characters viz., number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod, pod length, test weight and seed yield exhibited high heritability estimates coupled with high genetic advance as per cent of mean which suggested that these traits were amenable for further improvement following simple selection methods. Character association revealed significant positive association of seed yield with plant height,number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, number of seeds per pod and pod length. Based on divergence studies, the hybrids were grouped into nine clusters in Tocher’s method, cluster II (14 hybrids) was the largest followed by cluster I (13), cluster VI (9), cluster IV (6), cluster IX (4) and the remaining clusters were solitary (III, V, VII and VIII). Out of the nine characters studied, seed yield, days to 50% flowering, test weight and plant height contributed 85.62 per cent of the total divergence and these traits were found to be important factors for genetic differentiation in the hybrids. The overall results of the study revealed that, hybrids under cluster IV and VIII and cluster VII and VIII had maximum and minimum inter cluster distances respectively and possessing high genetic diversity for the characters viz. plant height, number of branches per plant, number of seeds per pod and yield.

Effect of nitrogen and zinc on nodulation, growth and yield of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata)

2016 ◽  
Vol 39 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Upadhyay ◽  
Anita Singh
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Production Plant ◽  
Plant Seeds ◽  
Matter Production ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Four Levels ◽  
Number Of Branches

A pot experiment was conducted to determine the effect of zinc and nitrogen on growth, nodulation pattern and yield of cowpea. The treatments were four levels of nitrogen ( 0 , 10, 20 and 30 kg/ha) and four levels of zinc (0, 5, 10 and 15 kg/ha). Application of various levels of nitrogen significantly increased dry matter production/plant , plant height number of branches/ plant, effective nodules/ plant, total nodule / plant, effective nodules weight /plant, pods/plant , seeds/pod and grain yield. Similarly zinc significantly increased plant height, branches / plant, number of leaves/plant, dry matter /plant, effective nodules weight /plant and grain yield. There was no significant interaction between nitrogen and zinc on grain yield.

scholarly journals Investigation of some morphological traits in studied lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) genotypes grown with foliar application of nanosized ferric oxide / Badania nad niektórymi cechami morfologicznymi wybranych genotypów soczewicy (Lens culinaris Medik.) hodowanych w obecności nanocząstek tlenku żelaza

2015 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Naser Sabaghnia
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Lens Culinaris ◽  
Foliar Application ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Positive Association ◽  
Biological Yield ◽  
Strong Positive Association ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Number Of Branches

AbstractInterest in growing lentil (Lens culinaris Medik.) is increasing due to its potential returns relative to other legume crops in semi-arid areas. An experiment was conducted to examine the important traits on lentil under application of nano-fertilizer by using eight genotypes with application of the biplot technique in visualizing research data. Nano-iron oxide (2 g L-1) was utilized as foliar spray during vegetative and reproductive stages. The study revealed that genotype by trait (GT) biplot can graphically display the interrelationships among traits and facilitate visual comparison of genotypes. The first two principal components (PC1 and PC2) accounted for 76% of the total variation. The polygon view of GT biplot suggested four sections for the lentil genotypes as well as traits. The vertex genotypes G1 had plant height, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, 100-grains weight and grain yield traits. The most prominent relation were: a strong positive association among biological yield, number of branches per plant, number of pods per plant, grains yield and plant height as indicated by the small obtuse angles between their vectors. The traits’ relationship in the semi-arid was highly variable, and grain yield improvement can be achieved by selecting for number of pods per plant, 100-grains weight. We suggest that the GT biplot be used jointly to better understand and more fully explore interaction pattern data.

scholarly journals Response of wheat yield and its components to zinc and iron application under different levels of nitrogen

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gheith El-Sayed ◽  
◽  
Ola El-Badry ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Protein Content ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Wheat Yield ◽  
Grain Protein Content ◽  
Yield Component ◽  
Grain Protein ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design

To evaluate the effect of nitrogen, zinc and iron as soil application on yield and yield component of wheat, the present study was conducted at Agricultural and Experimental Research Station at Giza, Faculty of Agriculture Cairo University, Egypt during 2015/2016 and 2016/2017 seasons. The experimental design was split-plot in randomized complete block design with three replications. Results showed that positive significant effect on plant height, number of spike/m2, spike length; number of grain per spike, grain yield per unit area in both seasons and grain protein content in one season were achieved by application of N and the micronutrients. Whoever, the highest significant in the above mentioned characters was obtained either by application the highest N levels (100kg N /fed.) or in addition to mixture of Zn and Fe. The interaction between the studied factors had significant effect on plant height and grain yield in both seasons as well as on grain protein content in the second season, where the highest values of these parameters were recorded by application of 100kg N/fed., Zn and Fe in mixture.

scholarly journals Effect of Spraying with Nano Silica and Water Salinity Levels on Growth and Yield of Wheat

2021 ◽  
Vol 923 (1) ◽  
pp. 012058
Author(s):  
RaghebH. Ajmi Al-bourky ◽  
Mohammed Radwan Mahmoud ◽  
Salama Tahseen Ali
Keyword(s):  
Plant Height ◽  
Irrigation Water ◽  
Flag Leaf ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Spike Length ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Water Salinity ◽  
Research Station ◽  
Nano Silica ◽  
Salinity Levels

Abstract A field experiment was carried out during the winter season 2020-2021 at research station of the College of Agriculture, University of Al-Muthanna (Al - Bandar) to study the effect of spraying with nano silica and salinity levels of irrigation water on the growth and yield of wheat. The experiment was applied in a strip split plot design. With three replications, the spraying included three concentrations of silica (3, 6, 9 ppm) and three concentrations of irrigation water salinity (3, 6, 9 ds m−1). The results indicated that the level of 9 ppm sprayed exceeded significantly in the following traits and gave the highest means.: plant height 84.26 cm, number of tillers 354.10 m2 tillers, area of flag leaf 40.19 cm2, spike length 9.89 cm, number of spikes 288.93 m2 and yield 4.27 tons ha−1. The results also indicated that the increase in salinity level led to a decrease in the characteristics of plant height 82.22 cm, number of tillers 319.43 m2 tillers, area of flag leaf 39.93 cm2, spike length 9.19 cm, number of spikes 260.13 m2, and yield, which amounted to 3.86 tons ha−1.

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