Does War affect Death Anxiety Level? Seven Readings of Measurements (1988–2002) before and after the Iraqi Invasion of Kuwait

2004 ◽  
Vol 49 (4) ◽  
pp. 287-297 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek
Keyword(s):  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Environmental Events

The present study compared death anxiety level in 1988 (i.e., before the Iraqi invasion of Kuwait in 1990) and six readings in the years 1993, 1995, 1996, 1997, 2000, and 2002 (i.e., after the liberation of Kuwait in 1991). The total samples for comparison were 2,221 male and female Kuwaiti volunteer undergraduates. The Arabic version of the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (DAS) was used with all groups. It was found that all the sex-related differences in the same year of the seven testing occasions were significant. For males, the mean DAS scores after the invasion in 1993, 1995, and 1996 were only significantly higher than that before the invasion. With females, there were a number of fluctuations; however, there was a significant increase of the DAS mean score directly after the invasion in comparison with that before it. By and large, the present findings support the Templer's theory regarding death anxiety as a fluid entity influenced by environmental events, particularly war-related experiences.

scholarly journals Death Anxiety among Handicapped and Normal Women

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. D. A. Dadhania
Keyword(s):  
Comparative Study ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
T Test ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Normal Women

The present study is main aim was to comparative study of death anxiety among handicapped and normal women. The study was conducted on a sample consisted of 90 people out which 45 were handicapped women and 45 normal women in Jamnagar city (Gujarat). Collected data from the women as Death Anxiety scale – by Prof. K. D. Broata. The obtained data were analyzed though „t‟ test to know the mean difference between the two groups handicapped women and normal women. The results show that there is significant difference in the death anxiety level of the normal women and handicapped women.

Death Anxiety and Sexual Fantasy

1977 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 117-127 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert A. Mednick
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Sexual Fantasy ◽  
Sexual Fantasies ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

Degree of death anxiety as a function of the frequencies of sexual fantasy was examined. Two groups of volunteer male and female graduate students were administered the Livingston-Zimet “Death Anxiety Scale” (DAS). The ninety-eight members of group I were asked to extemporaneously self-estimate the frequency of sexual fantasies per month, while the thirty-six in group II made actual daily counts of sexual fantasies with the use of wrist counters. Both groups I and II were individually divided into three subgroups as to “high,” “moderate,” and “low” death anxiety by rank-ordered scores on the DAS. Sexual fantasies were examined in three fantasy conditions: “Daydream,” “masturbatory,” and “during sex relations.” Findings from both groups I and II supported the hypothesis that those having “high” and “low” death anxiety will have more frequent sexual fantasies than “moderate” death anxious subjects.

Convergent Validity of the Templer, Collett-Lester, and Arabic Death Anxiety Scales: Rejoinder

2004 ◽  
Vol 94 (3_suppl) ◽  
pp. 1171-1172 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed M. Abdel-Khalek
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Convergent Validity ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Fear Of Death ◽  
Factorial Validity ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Science Courses ◽  
Pearson Correlations

The Templer Death Anxiety Scale, the Arabic Scale of Death Anxiety by Abdel-Khalek, and the Collett-Lester Fear of Death Scale were administered to a convenient sample of 81 male and female Kuwaiti undergraduates enrolled in social science courses ( M age = 22.0 yr., SD = 2.3). Pearson correlations between the total scores were significant and positive. Only one high-loaded factor was extracted and labeled General Death Anxiety, indicating good convergent and factorial validity of these scales.

Comparison of Behavior and Dental Anxiety During Intranasal and Sublingual Midazolam Sedation – A Randomized Controlled Trial

2016 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-87 ◽  
Author(s):  
AK Shanmugaavel ◽  
Sharath Asokan ◽  
John J Baby ◽  
Geetha Priya ◽  
J Gnana Devi
Keyword(s):  
Drug Administration ◽  
Salivary Cortisol ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Sublingual Administration ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Group A ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
Cortisol Levels ◽  
Group B

Objectives: The objective of the study was to assess the behavioral effects and the changes in the anxiety level of children after intranasal and sublingual midazolam sedation using Venham's clinical anxiety scale and salivary cortisol level. Study Design: Twenty children aged 3 to 7 years were randomly assigned to Group A (n=10) intranasal or Group B (n=10) sublingual midazolam (0.2mg/kg) sedation. The anxiety levels at various time periods were assessed using Venham clinical anxiety scale and corresponding changes in salivary cortisol levels were assessed before and after the drug administration. The anxiety levels were assessed independently by two pediatric dentists from recorded videos. Wilcoxon signed rank test and Mann Whitney U test were used for statistical analysis using SPSS version 19.0.Results: There was a significant decrease in anxiety level from baseline to 20 minutes after drug administration in group A (p=0.004) and group B (p=0.003). There was no significant change in salivary cortisol levels before and after the drug administration in group A (p=0.07) and group B (p=0.38). Conclusions: Both intranasal and sublingual administration of midazolam was equally effective in reducing the child's anxiety. However, there was no significant difference in the salivary cortisol levels in both groups.

scholarly journals A proposed guidance program to reduce the anxiety level of mothers of the pupils who are going to pass the baccalaureate exam: اقتراح برنامج ارشادي للتخفيف من مستوى القلق لدى أمهات التلاميذ المقبلين على شهادة البكالوريا

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jumaa Awlad Haimudah
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Analysis ◽  
Secondary School ◽  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Guidance Program ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Guidance Programme ◽  
The Mean

The study aimed to reveal the effectiveness of a guidance programme to reduce the anxiety level of mothers of the pupils who are going to pass the baccalaureate exam at Sidi A'baz secondary school in the wilaya of Ghardaia,Algeria.To achieve the study objectives,it was selected a sample of 35 mothers that had the highest grades on the scale of anxiety.The study was conducted on a sample of six mothers who accepted to attend the sessions of the guidance programme.The researcher used two tools:The Tyler's anxiety scale whose psychometric properties were remeasured and a guidance programme to reduce the level of anxiety,prepared by the researcher, consisted of seven sessions for four weeks;the duration of the session ranged from 50 to 90 minutes.In order to answer the study questions,it was used the Mann Whitney Test.After the statistical analysis,the study results showed statistically significant differences between the mean scores of the mothers' group in the pre test and the post test on the anxiety scale in favour of the post test.

scholarly journals Psychological Study of Anxiety among Diabetic Patients

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Parth R. Desai
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Patient ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Rural Area ◽  
T Test ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Psychological Study ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean

The main aim of the present study is to find out the level of Anxiety among diabetic patient. It was hypothesized that the level of and Anxiety will differ in diabetic patients with regards to gender and type of area. The sample consists of total 120 (60 patients of urban and 60 patients of rural area) the sample is selected from city and various villages, by using purposive technique. Anxiety scale prepared by A.K.P. Sinha and L.N.K. Sinha devised this test and it is available both test in Hindi and English. Gujarati Adoption by Bhatt D. J. (1999). The data was scored, analyzed as per the manual. ‘t’ test was being calculated. The result showed that (1) There is no significant difference between the mean score of anxiety among male and female diabetic patient. (2) There is significant difference between the mean score of anxiety among type of area i.e. urban and rural. Thereafter could be said that, diabetic patient of rural area show more anxiety than diabetic patient of urban area.

scholarly journals Comparing the hand grip power and creatine kinase levels of U-17 judo national team athletes before and after a 6-week strength training

2020 ◽  
Vol 24 (4) ◽  
pp. 163-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mehmet Soyal ◽  
Nuri M. Çelik
Keyword(s):  
Creatine Kinase ◽  
Strength Training ◽  
Female Athletes ◽  
Female Participant ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
National Team ◽  
Hand Grip ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Grip Power

Background and Study Aim. The aim of this study is to compare the hand grip power and creatine kinase levels of male and female U-17 National Team Athletes before and after a 6-week strength training. Material and Methods. 15 female and 15 male U-17 athletes, who previously participated in international competitions, participated in our study. Besides the hand grip power and creatine kinase values, age, height, weight, and BMI (body mass index) values of the athletes were measured before and after the training. As the conclusion of the measurements, the mean age of the female participant athletes was determined as 14,93 years, their mean height was 158,3 cm, and the mean age of the male athletes was 15,73 years, while their mean height was 173,1 cm. Results: As the conclusion of the measurements, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences between the right hand grip power and left hand grip power parameters of male and female participant athletes measured before and after the 6-week training. Moreover, it was determined that there were statistically significant differences between the pre-test and post-test measurements of creatine kinase values of both male and female athletes (p> 0,05). Conclusions. As the conclusion, it was determined that the 6-week strength trainings applied to U-17 Judo National Team athletes caused significant changes in their hand grip power and creatine kinase values. The significant results obtained from our study are considered to be originated from the duration, scope, frequency, severity, and content of the training. 

scholarly journals The Effects of Improving Emotional Intelligence on Death Anxiety in Older Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 31 (4) ◽  
pp. 227-235
Author(s):  
Akram Baghdadi ◽  
◽  
Mohammad Aghajani ◽  
Zohre Sadat ◽  
Neda Mirbagher Ajorpaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Emotional Intelligence ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Death Anxiety ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Time Points ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Experimental Group

Introduction: Death anxiety is one of the main elements in mental health in older adults. Objective: This study aimed to determine the effects of improving emotional intelligence on death anxiety in older adults in Kashan City, Iran. Materials and Methods: This quasi-experimental study was carried out on 60 older adults referred to health clinics in Kashan City, Iran, in 2019. The participants were randomly allocated to the control and experimental groups. Before the intervention, a demographics data questionnaire and death anxiety scale was filled out by the two groups. The experimental group received emotional intelligence education in eight sessions (twice a week). The control group received no intervention. The study measures included a demographic checklist and the Templer Death Anxiety Scale (TDAS). Immediately and one month after the intervention, both groups filled out the death anxiety scale again. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive and analytical tests such as t test, the Chi-square, and repeated-measures Analysis of Variance (ANOVA). Results: The results showed that 22 participants (73.3%) and 17 (56.7%) were in the 61-65 age range in the experimental and control groups, respectively. Based on the Chi-square test, there was no significant difference between the two groups regarding demographical data, including age, gender, marital status, education, and job. The results of repeated-measures ANOVA in the experimental group showed that the mean scores of death anxiety decreased over the 3 time points (P<0.05). Also, the post hoc test showed a significant difference in death anxiety scores at different time points in the experimental group (P<0.05). The t test results showed no statistically significant difference in the mean score of death anxiety before the intervention between the two groups, but at the end of the sessions (P=0.006) and one month after the intervention (P=0.001), this difference was significant. Conclusion: The results indicated that improving emotional intelligence in older adults decreased their death anxiety. It is recommended that nurses use this method to decrease death anxiety in older adults.

scholarly journals Gambaran Penerapan Terapi Bermain Mewarnai Gambar Terhadap Tingkat Kecemasan Anak Usia Prasekolah Akibat Hospitalisasi

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 642-647
Author(s):  
Fanilia Sabela ◽  
Siti Rofiqoh
Keyword(s):  
Preschool Children ◽  
Play Therapy ◽  
Healing Process ◽  
Anxiety Level ◽  
Anxiety Scale ◽  
Anxiety Score ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Anxiety Levels ◽  
To Receive

AbstractHozpitalization is a process that requires children to be hospitalized to receive therapy during the healing process. The children often experience various problem during hospitalization. One of them is anxiety that may be reduced through play therapy. This study aims to describe the implementation of play therapy by coloring pictures in reducing anxiety. This case study involved two preschool-aged children who experienced anxiety due to hospitalization. Anxiety level was measured by using Faces Anxiety Scale (FAS). Two patients were asked to play coloring pictures during hospitalization. Anxiety level was measured before and after the intervention. The results show that before the intervention the anxiety score in first patient was 3 while second patient was 2. After the intervention the anxiety score in both cases was 1. This case study indicate that play therapy can resolve anxiety among children undergoing hospitalization. This study suggests for nurses to implement play therapy by coloring pictures as an alternative way to reduce anxiety levels in preschool children due to hospitalization.Keywords: Hospitalization; anxiety; preschool; play therapy coloring picture AbstrakHospitalisasi adalah suatu proses yang mengharuskan anak dirawat di rumah sakit untuk mendapat terapi sampai proses penyembuhan. Masalah yang sering dialami oleh anak saat menjalani hospitalisasi adalah kecemasan. Salah satu cara untuk menurunkan kecemasan yaitu melalui terapi bermain. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menggambarkan penerapan terapi bermain mewarnai gambar dalam menurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada anak prasekolah akibat hospitalisasi. Desain penelitian berupa studi kasus pada 2 anak usia prasekolah yang mengalami kecemasan akibat hospitalisasi. Alat ukur kecemasan menggunakan Faces Anxiety Scale (FAS). Fokus intervensi berupa penerapan terapi bermain mewarnai gambar. Cara mengevaluasi dengan membandingkan skor kecemasan FAS sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Hasil menunjukkan sebelum intervensi skor kecemasan pada kasus satu yaitu 3 sedangkan pada kasus dua yaitu 2. Setelah intervensi skor kecemasan pada kedua kasus yaitu 1. Hasil studi kasus ini menunjukan masalah kecemasan pada dua kasus teratasi. Kesimpulan terapi bermain mewarnai gambar terbukti dapat menurunkan kecemasan pada anak hospitalisasi. Saran bagi perawat diharapkan dapat menerapkan terapi bermain mewarnai gambar sebagai salah satu cara alternatif dalam meurunkan tingkat kecemasan pada anak prasekolah akibat hospitalisasi.Kata kunci: Hospitalisasi; kecemasan; terapi bermain; prasekolah

scholarly journals Cycloplegic Effects on the Cylindrical Components of the Refraction

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Athar Zareei ◽  
Milad Abdolahian ◽  
Shahram Bamdad
Keyword(s):  
Precise Determination ◽  
Lower Amount ◽  
Healthy Individuals ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Near Vision ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Right ◽  
Age Range

It is important to predict which astigmatic patients require separate refraction for near vision. This study compared cylindrical components changes by cyclopentolate 1% for the low and high amount of astigmatism. The right eyes of 1014 healthy individuals (307 males and 707 females) with cylindrical refractive power more than −0.5 diopter on autorefractometer were selected. Both male and female patients in the age range of 17–45 years were refracted before and after cycloplegia, using 1% cyclopentolate. All volunteers were classified into 2 subgroups including the lower astigmatism group (−2.25 to −0.50) and the higher astigmatic group (−2.50 to over). Alpines’ method was used to compare the effect of cycloplegic drop on cylindrical power. The mean age in the lower astigmatism group (29.58; 95% CI: 29.18 to 29.99 years) was not significantly different from the higher astigmatic group (29.85; 95% CI: 29.07 to 30.62) and there were no significant differences in gender between these two groups ( P = 0.54 ). Differences between wet and dry refraction in J0 (−0.03; 95% CI:−0.06 to −0.008) and J45 (−0.03; 95% CI:−0.06 to −0.01) were significant only in the higher astigmatic group. Axis changes by the cycloplegic drop in the lower astigmatism group were 3.51 (CI: 3.22 to 3.81) and axis changes by the cycloplegic drop in the higher astigmatism group were 2.21 (CI: 1.73 to 2.49). In patients with a lower amount of astigmatism (−2.25 to −0.50), additional near subjective refraction could be done for precise determination of axis and in patients with a higher amount of astigmatism (−2.50 to over), near subjective refraction might be done for precise determination of power.

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