In-Person Versus Internet Training: A Comparison of Student Attitudes Toward Homosexuality

NASPA Journal ◽  
2002 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorraine J. Guth ◽  
David F. Lopez ◽  
Manda S. Fisher
Keyword(s):  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Attitudes Toward Homosexuality ◽  
Personnel Administrators ◽  
Training Interventions ◽  
Student Personnel ◽  
Post Test

The present study investigated the influence of training modality on attitudes toward lesbian and gay issues. In a short-term longitudinal design (pre-test, post-test, follow-up), 87 undergraduate and graduate students were randomly assigned to one of three workshop modalities (In-Person, Internet, Control) following pre-test. Participants completed a post-test immediately after the training and a follow-up assessment three weeks later. Analyses revealed that both modalities (In-Person Training and Internet Training), when compared to the Control group, resulted in substantial reductions in levels of homophobia following training. Furthermore, these reductions in homophobia remained stable from the post-test to the follow-up testing. Finally, analyses suggest that changes in participants’ levels of positive affect, during and following training, may play a central role in the effectiveness of both training interventions. Implications for student affairs professionals and directions for future research are discussed.This study is supported by a diversity grant from the National Association of Student Personnel Administrators and the Ford Foundation awarded to Lorraine J. Guth and David F. Lopez. Special thanks go to Andrea L. Short for providing helpful editorial comments.

Methodological Considerations for Auditory Training Interventions for Adults With Hearing Loss: A Rapid Review

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 211-225
Author(s):  
Laura Gaeta ◽  
Rachel Keiko Stark ◽  
Erika Ofili
Keyword(s):  
Hearing Loss ◽  
Outcome Measures ◽  
Auditory Training ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Training Interventions

Purpose The aim of this study was to evaluate literature on auditory training published since 2013. Method A rapid review or a streamlined approach to systematically identify and summarize relevant studies was performed. Selected health sciences databases were searched using a search strategy developed with the PICO (population, intervention, comparison, and outcome) framework. Studies eligible for inclusion had older adult participants with hearing loss and utilized technology-based auditory training in laboratory or home settings. Results The study quality of most studies was found to be low to moderate, with concentrations between low and moderate. Major issues were related to study design and reporting, such as the need for blinding and a control group, larger sample sizes, and a follow-up for long-term outcomes of auditory training interventions. Wide variability in training approaches, participant backgrounds (e.g., audiograms, hearing aid use), and outcome measures are also noted. Conclusions Evidence on the effectiveness of auditory training is mixed. Future research should include high-quality randomized controlled trials with representative populations; follow-up periods to study long-term effects; and exploration of behavioral, electrophysiological, and self-reported outcome measures. Recommendations for study designs and methodologies are also discussed.

The effectiveness of positive training on happiness, aggression and hope in adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marzieh . Shamkhani ◽  
Ali . Khalafi
Keyword(s):  
Sampling Method ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Measurement Tools ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Aggression Questionnaire ◽  
Experimental Group ◽  
Period Measurement

The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of positive learning on happiness, Aggression and hope for adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz. The sample consisted of 30 people who were selected by available sampling method. 15 subjects in the experimental group and 15 in the control group were randomly assigned. The experimental design was a pre-test-post-test type with control group and follow-up period. Measurement tools included Oxford Happiness Inventory (Argyle, 1989); Ahwaz's Aggression Questionnaire (Zahedifar, Najarian, and Shokrkon, 2000); Hope Scale (Schneider, 1991). To run, at first, the pre-test was taken from both groups. Then, the experimental group was trained in 14 sessions of 90 minutes, and after each group, they were subjected to post-test. And one month later, the follow-up process was completed. Data analysis was performed using multivariate covariance analysis (MANCOVA) and one-way analysis of covariance (ANCOVA). The results showed that positive attitudes toward happiness, aggressiveness and hopefulness of adolescents with leukemia in Ahvaz were effective.

scholarly journals An RDoC-Based Approach to Adolescent Self-Injurious Thoughts and Behaviors: The Interactive Role of Social Affiliation and Cardiac Arousal

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Benjamin W Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Longitudinal Design ◽  
Sensitive Period ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Peer Conflict ◽  
Biological Stress ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Transition To Adolescence ◽  
And Behaviors ◽  
Prospective Longitudinal

Self-injurious thoughts and behaviors (SITB) increase dramatically across adolescence. Despite the prevalence and severity of these outcomes, remarkably little research has elucidated why adolescence represents a particularly high-risk period for the emergence of SITB. Recent theoretical models have posited that SITB may result from failures in biological stress regulation in the context of social stress. However, there is a lack of data examining these associations during the transition to adolescence, a sensitive period of development that is characterized by changes across socio-affective and psychophysiological domains that may interact to heighten risk for SITB. The present study used a prospective longitudinal design among 147 adolescents. We built on advantages offered by the RDoC framework to test the interaction of experiences of social conflict (i.e., parent and peer conflict) with cardiac arousal (i.e., resting heart rate) to predict adolescent non-suicidal self-injury (NSSI) and suicidal ideation (SI) across one year. Longitudinal analyses revealed that while neither greater peer conflict nor higher cardiac arousal at baseline were associated with SITB outcomes at follow-up, adolescents experiencing the combination of greater peer conflict and higher cardiac arousal at baseline showed significant longitudinal increases in NSSI at follow-up. In addition, there were null effects for family conflict and SI outcomes. Findings indicate that youth with greater peer conflict and heightened arousal during the transition to adolescence may be at increased risk for NSSI. Future research should examine these processes at finer timescales in order to elucidate whether these factors are proximal predictors of within-day SITB.

scholarly journals Comparison of the Effectiveness of MindfulnessBased Stress Reduction Group Therapy With Acceptance and Commitment Therapy on Severity of Pain and Health-Related Quality of Life in Patients With Migraine

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 111-117
Author(s):  
Tahereh Haji Seyed Javadi ◽  
Najmeh Aghareb Parast ◽  
Sahar Shahsavani ◽  
Mir Javad Chehraghi ◽  
Leila Razavi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Stress Reduction ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Health Related Quality ◽  
Acceptance And Commitment ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Related Quality ◽  
Health Related

Background: Considering the prevalence of migraine and its detrimental effects on functioning, physical health, and quality of life as well as its psychosocial and social risks. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of mindfulness-based stress reduction treatment with treatment based on acceptance and commitment to the severity of pain and health-related quality of life in migraine patients. Methods: In this study, a semi-experimental design used with pre-test, post-test, a 3-month follow-up, and a control group. Using purposive sampling and considering the inclusion criteria, 45 patients with migraine diagnosis selected from among those referring to the neurology department of Imam Hossein hospital in Tehran. They were then randomly assigned to two experimental groups and a control group. The first experimental group received group therapy based on mindfulness (n = 15; 90-minute sessions), the second experimental group received acceptance and commitment based intervention (n = 15; 90-minute sessions), and the control group (n = 15) received no intervention. All subjects responded to pain intensity and health-related quality of life questionnaires before the intervention (pre-test), after the intervention (post-test), and 3 months after the intervention (follow-up). One-way ANOVA analyzed the collected data. Results: The findings showed that mean scores for the 2 experimental groups were significantly different from the control group in the post-test and follow-up phases in terms of severity of pain and health-related quality of life, while the mean scores for the two experimental groups did not differ significantly. The results emphasize the importance of these interventions for chronic diseases and offer new horizons in clinical interventions. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that mindfulness-based stress reduction therapy and acceptance and commitment therapy could positively affect the severity of pain and health-related quality of life in migraine patients, and any of them can be used to improve the variables mentioned above.

PELATIHAN REGULASI EMOSI UNTUK MENURUNKAN PERILAKU PERUNDUNGAN PADA REMAJA PELAKU PERUNDUNGAN

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-37
Author(s):  
Nurfitria Laili Hidayati ◽  
Rahma Widyana
Keyword(s):  
Control Group ◽  
Control Group Design ◽  
Group Design ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Test Control

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh pelatihan regulasi emosi pada remaja pelaku perundungan untuk mengurangi perilaku perundungan. Subjek dalam penelitian ini berjumlah 10 orang remaja pelaku perundungan yang dibagi menjadi 2 kelompok, yaitu 5 subjek untuk kelompok eksperimen dan 5 subjek untuk kelompok kontrol yang memiliki skor regulasi emosi rendah dan sedang, serta skor perilaku perundungan tinggi dan sedang. Pemilihan subjek dalam penelitian ini dengan menggunakan teknik random assigment. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode pre-test post-test control group design. Alat pengumpulan data berupa skala regulasi emosi, skala perilaku perundungan, observasi dan wawancara. Pelatihan regulasi dalam penelitian ini dilakukan secara online dengan menggunakan aplikasi layana komunikasi video berupa GoogleMeet selama dua kali pertemuan. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa tidak ada perbedaan tingkat perilaku perundungan pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol setelah diberikan pelatihan regulasi emosi yang dilihat pada hasil pengukuran post-test. Pada hasil pengukuran follow up menunjukkan adanya perbedaan tingkat perilaku perundungan pada kelompok eksperimen dan kelompok kontrol. Namun, ada perbedaan yang signifikan pada tingkat perilaku perundungan dilihat hasil pengukuran post-test dan follow up. Pelatihan regulasi emosi dalam penelitian ini mengajarkan kelompok subjek penelitian untuk mengenali emosi, menyadari emosi, memaknai emosi, dan mengubah emosi negatif menjadi emosi positif dengan mengubah sudut pandang positif.

Enhancing Rural Students1 Attitudes Toward Peers with Disabilities: A Comparison of Interventions

1994 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 34-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Clifford Baker ◽  
Harvey Rude ◽  
Gary Sasso ◽  
Mel Weishahn
Keyword(s):  
Student Attitudes ◽  
Sixth Graders ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Rural School Districts ◽  
Grade Levels ◽  
The Disabled ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Acceptance Scale ◽  
The Impact

This study investigated the impact of two widely used commercial programs designed to increase peer understanding and acceptance of elementary school-aged handicapped students. Second, fourth, and sixth graders from six rural school districts were used in the study. The Better Understanding of Disabled Youth (BUDY) program and the Lets Meet the New Kids on the Block (KOB) program were two treatments employed to determine whether positive gains in attitudes toward the disabled could be systematically attained. Furthermore, the two programs were compared to see if one was more effective in this regard. By employing an adaptation of the Acceptance Scale (Voeltz, 1981) as both a pre-test and post-test measure, changes in student attitudes were documented on a variety of survey items. While a variety of variables were tracked, the most meaningful differences occurred between students in different grade levels. It appeared that second grade children increased their acceptance toward their peers with disabilities more positively as a result of undergoing the KOB interventions, while the older intermediate level children increased their acceptance more positively as a result of completing the BUDY interventions. Implications of findings and recommendations for future research are discussed.

A Comparison of Traditional Classroom Instruction and Anchored Instruction with University General Education Students

1998 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 99-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Langone ◽  
D. Michael Malone ◽  
Pamela M. Stecker ◽  
Eric Greene
Keyword(s):  
General Education ◽  
Traditional Instruction ◽  
Multiple Choice ◽  
Anchored Instruction ◽  
Future Research ◽  
General Education Students ◽  
Instruction Group ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Instruction Format

The effects of a traditional instruction format and an anchored instruction format on the immediate and long-term acquisition of knowledge of 100 university general education majors was examined. Participants were administered multiple-choice and essay format pre-tests, post-tests, and follow-up tests. Results revealed somewhat different within group patterns as well as important between group patterns. Both groups performed better on the post-test and follow-up test than on the pre-test. No differences between the two groups on the post-test were recorded. The anchored instruction group outperformed the traditional instruction group on the multiple-choice follow-up test and the traditional instruction group outperformed the anchored instruction group on the essay follow-up test. Implications for future research are discussed.

scholarly journals Robot-assisted gait training to reduce pusher behavior

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (14) ◽  
pp. e1319-e1327 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jeannine Bergmann ◽  
Carmen Krewer ◽  
Klaus Jahn ◽  
Friedemann Müller
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Gait Training ◽  
Class Ii ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Robot Assisted ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Subacute Stroke ◽  
Post Test

ObjectiveTo determine the effects of 2 weeks of intensive robot-assisted gait training (RAGT) on pusher behavior compared to nonrobotic physiotherapy (nR-PT).MethodsIn a single-blind, randomized, controlled trial with 2 parallel arms, we compared 2 weeks of daily RAGT (intervention group) with the same amount of nR-PT (control group). Patients with subacute stroke who had pusher behavior according to the Scale for Contraversive Pushing (SCP) were included. The primary research questions were whether changes in pusher behavior would differ between groups post intervention, and at a follow-up 2 weeks afterward (SCP and Burke Lateropulsion Scale, Class II evidence). Secondary outcomes included the Performance-Oriented Mobility Assessment, the Functional Ambulation Classification, and the Subjective Visual Vertical.ResultsThirty-eight patients were randomized. Thereof, 30 patients received the allocated intervention and were included in the analyses. RAGT led to a larger reduction of pusher behavior than nR-PT at post test (SCP: U = 69.00, r = −0.33, p = 0.037; Burke Lateropulsion Scale: U = 47.500, r = −0.50, p = 0.003) and at follow-up (SCP: U = 54.00, r = −0.44, p = 0.008). Pusher behavior had ceased in 6 of 15 participants in the intervention group and 1 of 15 participants in the control group at post test. At follow-up, 9 of 15 and 5 of 15 participants, respectively, no longer exhibited the behavior.ConclusionsTwo weeks of RAGT seems to persistently reduce pusher behavior, possibly by recalibrating the disturbed inner reference of verticality. The potential benefits of RAGT on pusher behavior and verticality perception require further investigation.Trial registrationGerman Clinical Trials Register (registration number: DRKS00003444).Classification of evidenceThis study provides Class II evidence that RAGT is beneficial to reduce pusher behavior in patients with stroke.

scholarly journals A Pilot Evaluation of an Intervention to Improve Social Reactions to Sexual and Partner Violence Disclosures

2020 ◽  
pp. 088626052093443
Author(s):  
Katie M. Edwards ◽  
Emily A. Waterman ◽  
Sarah E. Ullman ◽  
Lindsey M. Rodriguez ◽  
Christina M. Dardis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
New England ◽  
Partner Violence ◽  
Informal Support ◽  
Baseline Survey ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Social Reactions ◽  
Informal Supports ◽  
Negative Social Reactions

The purpose of this study was to evaluate an intervention ( Supporting Survivors and Self [SSS]) created to increase positive social reactions and decrease negative social reactions to sexual assault and partner violence disclosures among informal support disclosure recipients. Participants were 1,268 college students from a medium-sized New England university who completed an online baseline survey and were assigned to either the treatment or control condition. The SSS intervention trained potential informal supports on what to say and not to say to disclosure recipients. Six months after the SSS intervention, participants in both conditions completed the follow-up survey online. Although intentions to provide positive social reactions significantly increased among participants in the treatment group compared with the control group and there were marginally significant effects in the anticipated directions for alcohol-specific intended social reactions, no overall difference was observed across conditions in actual social reactions provided. Moderation analyses suggested that, in general, the SSS intervention was more effective on various outcomes for students who were younger, male, non-White, sexual minorities, and/or non-victims. Moderation analyses also suggested that the intervention varied in efficacy depending on the circumstances of the disclosure. Despite the mixed outcomes of the SSS intervention, these data suggest that the SSS intervention was effective in improving social reactions for some students and under some circumstances. Future research is needed to further refine the SSS intervention to bolster its effectiveness in reducing negative social reactions and increasing positive social reactions for all students.

scholarly journals The Effect of Adjustment Training Based on Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy for Undergraduates on Their Adjustment to University

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 90
Author(s):  
Mustafa Kemal Yöntem ◽  
Ömer Özer
Keyword(s):  
Behavioral Therapy ◽  
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
First Year Students ◽  
University Life ◽  
Experiment Control ◽  
Life Scale ◽  
Post Test ◽  
Quasi Experimental

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of the Rational Emotional Behavioral Therapy Based Adjustment Training on the adjustment level of undergraduates. Participants involved 30 undergraduates from different cities of Turkey. The data were collected using University Life Scale. This quasi-experimental study was conducted as a psycho-educational group activity in the drama room of the university. The effectiveness of the psycho-education program was examined with experiment-control group, pre-test, post-test and follow-up measures and the program was organized as 12 sessions. Posttest and follow-up results showed that those in the experimental group had a higher adjustment score than the participants in the control group. The results of the research showed that Rational Emotional Behavioral Therapy Based Adjustment Training contributed to the adjustment of first-year students coming from different cities.

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