scholarly journals Methionine Hydroxy Analog Supplementation to Increase Feed Utilization for Indigenous Sheep

2020 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 55
Author(s):  
Bambang Waluyo Hadi Eko Prasetiyono ◽  
Mulyono Mulyono ◽  
Widiyanto Widiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Total Protein ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Indigenous Sheep ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Low Efficiency

In the tropical area, productivity of ruminant has not optimized caused by the low quality of nutrition that leads to low-efficiency metabolism at the level of ruminal fermentation, post rumen digestibility, and intermediary metabolism. The study aimed to analyze effect of methionine hydroxy analog (MHA) on ruminal fermentation profiles of indigenous sheep specifically in the increase of ruminant productivity. In vitro utility test was conducted using rumen fluid of the indigenous sheep and sample of rational ration having a proportion of grass and concentrate 30%:70%, dry matter basis. The treatments implemented were three levels of MHA supplementation; T0: 0 g/day, T1: 3 g/day, and T2: 6 g/day. Variables measured were dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), production of VFA, NH3, as well as total protein, and molar proportion of partial VFA of rumen fluid. Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) in a completely randomized design (CRD). The 0.2% MHA supplementation increased OMD with the highest production of total protein was from 28.57 mg/g (T0) to 40.49 mg/g (T2) (P<0.05). Meanwhile, the lowest ratio of acetate : propionate was from 2.74 (T0) to 2.33 (T2) (P<0.05). Supplementation of MHA up to 6 g/day concentrate increased the performance of fermentation and/or feed utility. 

scholarly journals The Use of Various Substrate Microbial Bamboo Stems for Rice Straw Fermentation and its effect on digestibility and fermentation product of Beef Cattle Ration

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 7
Author(s):  
Chabib B.H ◽  
Sri Rahayu ◽  
Muhamad Bata
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Rice Straw ◽  
Rice Bran ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

This experiment investigated various substrate growth of bamboo stems microbes (BSM) in rice straw fermentation and its effect on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), NH3-N and VFA concentration. Materials were rumen fluid of beef cattle from the slaughterhouse. Basal diets consisted of rice straw and concentrate with ratio of 40 : 60 (% dry matter) were administered to five treatments namely P0 = untreated rice straw (control), P1 = Ammoniated rice straw,  fermented rice straw using microbial bamboo stems grown on ammoniated rice straw (P2), rice bran (P3) and cassava waste (P4). The experiment used in vitro method was designed with Completely Randomized Design and the data were analyzed variance. The results showed that the treatment had no significant effect on dry matter digestibility (DMD), organic matter digestibility (OMD), NH3-N and VFA concentration (P>0,05). The fermentation process of microbial bamboo stems in rice straw with a level of 10% with different substrate did not able to  increase the digestibility and products fermentation, but there tends that the rice bran and substrates can increase DMD and N-NH3 concentration

scholarly journals Effects of supplementation levels of Allium fistulosum L. extract on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics and methane emission

PeerJ ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
pp. e9651
Author(s):  
Jun Sik Eom ◽  
Shin Ja Lee ◽  
Yejun Lee ◽  
Hyun Sang Kim ◽  
You Young Choi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Emission ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Allium Fistulosum ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Extract Concentration ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Reduce Emissions

Background Ruminants release the majority of agricultural methane, an important greenhouse gas. Different feeds and additives are used to reduce emissions, but each has its drawbacks. This experiment was conducted to determine the effects of Allium fistulosum L. (A. fistulosum) extract on in vitro ruminal fermentation characteristics, and on methane emission. Methods Rumen fluid was taken from two cannulated rumen Hanwoo cow (with mean initial body weight 450 ± 30 kg, standard deviation = 30). Rumen fluid and McDougall’s buffer (1:2; 15 mL) were dispensed anaerobically into 50 mL serum bottles containing 300 mg (DM basis) of timothy substrate and A. fistulosum extracts (based on timothy substrate; 0%, 1%, 3%, 5%, 7%, or 9%). This experiment followed a completely randomized design performed in triplicate, using 126 individual serum bottles (six treatments × seven incubation times × three replicates). Results Dry matter degradability was not significantly affected (p-value > 0.05) by any A. fistulosum treatment other than 1% extract at 24 h incubation. Methane emission linearly decreased A. fistulosum extract concentration increased at 12 and 24 h incubation (p-value < 0.0001; p-value = 0.0003, respectively). Acetate concentration linearly decreased (p-value = 0.003) as A. fistulosum extract concentration increased at 12 h incubation. Methanogenic archaea abundance tendency decreased (p-value = 0.055) in the 1%, 7%, and 9% A. fistulosum extract groups compared to that in the 0% group, and quadratically decreased (p-value < 0.0001) as A. fistulosum extract concentration increased at 24 h incubation. Conclusion A. fistulosum extract had no apparent effect on ruminal fermentation characteristics or dry matter degradability. However, it reduced methane emission and methanogenic archaea abundance.

scholarly journals Screening of Cyanide-Utilizing Bacteria from Rumen and In Vitro Evaluation of Fresh Cassava Root Utilization with Pellet Containing High Sulfur Diet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rittikeard Prachumchai ◽  
Anusorn Cherdthong ◽  
Metha Wanapat
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Cassava Root ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

The current work aimed to screen the ruminal cyanide-utilizing bacteria and evaluate the influence of fresh cassava root (FCR) and pellets containing high sulfur (PELFUR) on cyanide content, kinetics of gas, in vitro degradability, and ruminal fermentation. The experiment was conducted in a Completely randomized design (CRD) for a screening of cyanide-utilizing bacteria and the dietary treatments were the level of cyanide at 0, 150, 300, and 450 ppm. A 5 &times; 3 factorial arrangement in a Completely randomized design was used for in vitro study. Factor A was the level of FCR at 0, 260, 350, 440, and 530 g/kg of 0.5 g dry matter (DM) substrate, and factor B was the level of PELFUR at 0, 15, and 30 g/kg DM substrate. Adding different doses of cyanide significantly affected cyanide-utilizing rumen bacterial growth (p &lt; 0.05). Increasing the concentration of cyanide from 0 to 150 and 150 to 300 ppm, resulted in an increase in cyanide-utilizing rumen bacteria of 38.2% and 15.0%, respectively. Increasing the FCR level to more than 260 g/kg of 0.5 g substrate could increase cumulative gas production (p &lt; 0.05), whereas increasing doses of PELFUR from 15 to 30 g/kg increased the cumulative gas production when compared with that of 0 g/kg PELFUR (p &lt; 0.05). Cyanide concentration in rumen fluid decreased with PELFUR (p &lt; 0.05) supplementation. Degradability of in vitro dry matter and organic matter following incubation increased at 12 and 24 h due to PELFUR supplementation with FCR and increased additionally with 15 g/kg PELFUR (p &lt; 0.05) in 440 g/kg FCR. Proportions of the total volatile fatty acids, acetic acid (C2), propionic acid (C3), and butyric acid, as well as the ratio of C2 to C3 among supplementations with FCR (p &lt; 0.05) were significantly different. As the proportion of FCR increased to 530 g/kg of the substrate, the volume of C3 increased by 14.6%. This is the first finding of bacteria in the rumen capable of utilizing cyanide, and cyanide might function as a nitrogen source for bacterial cell synthesis. Inclusion of FCR of 530 g/kg with 30 g/kg PELFUR could increase the cumulative gas production, the bacterial population, the in vitro degradability, the proportion of C3, and the rate of the disappearance of cyanide.

scholarly journals PSIX-10 In vitro dry matter digestibility, gas production and pH of silages of several maize hybrids

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (Supplement_4) ◽  
pp. 415-416
Author(s):  
Pedro Queiroz ◽  
Israel Alves Filho ◽  
Sergio Pereira Junior ◽  
Flavia Scarpino van Cleef ◽  
Jane Ezequiel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Measured Data ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

Abstract The objective of this study was to determine the in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), gas production and pH of silages of 10 maize hybrids in Iturama, Brazil (XB 6012 BT, BM 709 VT PRO2, BM 815 VT PRO2, DKB 363 VT PRO3, AG 8740 VT PRO3, SYN 555 VIP3, SX 8555 VIP3, SX 7005 VIP3, DKB 390 VT PRO3, and RB 9789 VIP3). The maize was ensiled in experimental mini silos in a completely randomized design with 3 repetitions. After 120 d, a subsample from each mini silo was taken and the IVDMD was estimated using Ankom Daisy II and F-57 bags (n = 44). Rumen fluid from two cannulated Nellore steers were mixed and placed into fermenter jars containing Ankom buffers (1:4; v/v). After 48-h incubation (39ºC), 40 mL 6 N HCl and 8 g pepsin were added to each jar and incubated for another 24 h. For gas production and pH evaluations, penicillin-type glass vials (n = 40) were filled with McDougall buffer (20 mL), rumen fluid (10 mL) and substrates (200 mg) and incubated in a shaker (39ºC) for 24 h. The cumulative pressure was measured, vials were opened, and terminal pH was measured. Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS. The DKB 363 VT PRO3 presented the greatest IVDMD (84.9%, P = 0.02) and the lowest pH (6.60, P = 0.002). The opposite was observed for DKB 390 VT PRO3, which presented the lowest IVDMD (71.1%) and the greatest pH (6.65). The BM 709 PRO2 produced more gas than the others (246.1 mL/g DM), while SYN 555 VIP3 produced less gas than the others (167.7 mL/g DM, P = 0.0005). In conclusion, the material DKB 363 VT PRO3 presented the most interesting characteristics for use as silage for beef cattle in Iturama, Brazil.

scholarly journals Characteristic of different level of fermented concentrate in the rumen metabolism based on in vitro

2018 ◽  
Vol 43 (3) ◽  
pp. 296
Author(s):  
N. F. Sari ◽  
R. Ridwan ◽  
R. Rohmatussolihat ◽  
R. Fidriyanto ◽  
W. D. Astuti ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Rumen Fluid ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Pennisetum Purpureum ◽  
Feed Material ◽  
Feed Formulation ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Rumen Metabolism ◽  
Randomized Design

Digestibility is a description of the ability of feed material that can be utilized by livestock. Higher digestibility of feed material means the total amount of feed content that can be digested in the digestive tract. This study aimed to obtain the proportion of the use of fermentation concentrate in rumen fermentation based on in vitro. The feed used consisted of 7 treatments as follows P1 (20% Pennisetum purpureum: 80% concentrate), P2 (30% P.purpureum : 70% concentrate), P3 (40% P.purpureum : 60% concentrate), P4 (50% P.purpureum : 50% concentrate), P5 (20% concentrate: 80% P.purpureum), P6 (30% concentrate: 70% P.purpureum) and P7 (40% concentrate: 60% P.purpureum). Dry matter digestibility (DMD) and organic matter digestibility (OMD) were done using Theodorou method. Gas production was measured when the samples were incubated at 39oC in the waterbath incubator at hours 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 24, and 48. Approximately 0.75 g of feed formulation was mixed with 75 mL of rumen fluid buffer. The rumen fluid is taken from 3 fistulated cattles prior to morning feeding. A complete randomized design with three replicates was used. Asymptotic gas production and kinetics were estimated by the Orskov’s model. The results of this study showed that P2 and P3 treatment showed the best digestibility among others treatment with 71.63% ; 71.06% of DMD and 76.42% ; 71.65% of OMD. In conclusion, P2 and P3 treatment can be used as feed for beef cattle. 

scholarly journals The Effect of Zinc-Proteinate Supplementation on the In Vitro Digestibility and Ruminal Fermentation in Goat

2021 ◽  
pp. 180-186
Author(s):  
Gilbert Nathaniel ◽  
Tiara Annisa ◽  
Anis Muktiani ◽  
Dian Wahyu Harjanti ◽  
Widiyanto Widiyanto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Experimental Treatment ◽  
Dairy Goat ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Organic Matter Digestibility

This study aimed primarily to investigate the effect of Zn-Proteinate (Zn-Prot) supplementation on in vitro rumen digestibility and rumen fermentation. This research used a completely randomized design with four treatments and four replicates. The experimental treatment was the supplementation of various levels of Zn-Prot (0; 12.5 ppm; 25 ppm, and 37.5 ppm) on a dry matter basis. Parameters determined were in vitro dry matter digestibility (IVDMD), in vitro organic matter digestibility (IVOMD), partial volatile fatty acid (VFA) (acetate, propionate, and butyrate), A/P ratio, CH4, and the efficiency of the conversion hexose to VFA. Data were analyzed using ANOVA. The results showed that goats fed with a diet supplemented with 25 ppm Zn-Prot had the highest IVDMD and IVOMD values. There was no significant effect on the VFA and CH4 concentrations, A/P ratio, and the efficiency of the hexose-VFA conversion within treatment groups. In conclusion, supplementing 25 ppm of Zn-Prot into the diet of dairy goat increase the dry matter and organic matter digestibility. 

Production of Jiggs bermudagrass and the impact of quality milk production and quality of Holstein dairy cows under an intermittent grazing system

2018 ◽  
Vol 98 (2) ◽  
pp. 279-288 ◽  
Author(s):  
E.V. Brandstetter ◽  
K.A.P. Costa ◽  
M.A.P. da Silva ◽  
F.R. Araújo Neto ◽  
V.R. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Milk Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Grazing System ◽  
The Impact

Dairy production plays a fundamental role in the Brazilian economy and high-quality forage is necessary for ruminants to produce satisfactory milk levels. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the production and quality of Jiggs bermudagrass and its effects on the production and quality parameters of milk from Holstein cows under an intermittent grazing system throughout the year. The experiment was conducted in a randomized design with the four seasons as treatments, replicated five times. The season had a significant effect on the production and nutritional parameters of Jiggs bermudagrass with the highest total dry matter production observed during summer, followed by spring and fall. The neutral detergent fiber and acid detergent fiber contents were significantly higher in winter. The in vitro dry matter digestibility was significantly higher in summer, spring, and fall. Jiggs bermudagrass is a promising forage for the enhancement of milk production under intermittent stocking. However, its effects vary seasonally which exerts a greater influence during the winter, even with irrigation, because it directly affects the milk production and quality. The correlation results demonstrated the importance of better quality forage for increasing milk production without compromising the levels of milk solids.

scholarly journals Pengaruh Suplementasi dan Proteksi Minyak Biji Kapuk Terhadap Fermentabilitas Ruminal Rumput Gajah pada Sapi Secara In Vitro

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 46-51
Author(s):  
D. D. Dinata ◽  
Widiyanto Widiyanto ◽  
Retno Iswarin Pujaningsih
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Control Treatment ◽  
In Vitro Digestibility ◽  
Elephant Grass ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

(The effect of supplementation and protection of kapok seed oil on in vitro ruminal fermentability of elephant grass) ABSTRACT. The purpose of this research was to study the interaction between supplementation and protection of kapok seed oil (KSO) influence on in vitro digestibility and ruminal fermentability products of elephant grass.  Material used were elephant grass, kapok seed oil, KOH and CaCl2 reagens and cattle rumen fluids.  Completely randomized design (CRD) was used with two factorial pattern 3 x 5 with 2 replications, first factor was supplementation of KSO consist of 3 levels: 5% (S1); 10% (S2); and 15% (S3), respectively.  Second factor was protection consist of 5 levels: 0% (P0); 25% (P1); 50% (P2); 75% (P3) and 100% (P4); also control treatment without supplementation and protection of KSO (S0P0).  The result of this research showed there was no interaction between supplementation and protection of KSO on digestibility of elephant grass.  The highest In vitro Dry Matter Digestibility (IVDMD) and In vitro Digestibility of Organic Material (IVDOM) reached by control treatment, 55,17% and 54,27%, respectively.  The results of this research showed influence of interaction between supplementation and protection of KSO on VFA and NH3 production (P0.05).  The highest VFA and NH3 production reached by 10% supplementation and 25% protection were 152,5 and 6,50 mM.  The conclusion of this study showed that supplementation and protection of KSO was not effecting ruminal fermentation, but decreasing in vitro digestibility of elephant grass.

scholarly journals Production and quality of Tifton 85 pastures overseeded with black oat: effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization

2018 ◽  
Vol 39 (5) ◽  
pp. 2071
Author(s):  
João De Assis Farias Filho ◽  
Fabiana Luiza Matielo de Paula ◽  
Adalberto Luiz de Paula ◽  
Wagner Paris ◽  
Fabrício Ghinzelli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Irrigation System ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Lower Percentage ◽  
Forage Production ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Dead Material

The objective of this work was to evaluate the effects of irrigation and nitrogen fertilization on the bromatological quality, forage production, and botanical and structural composition of Tifton 85 (Cynodon sp.) pastures overseeded with black oat (Avena strigosa). Four treatments were evaluated in a 2 × 2 factorial scheme (irrigated and non-irrigated × fertilized and non-fertilized), with three replicates, in a completely randomized design. In irrigated paddocks, the irrigation system was activated when the soil matric potential reached a value equal to, or higher than, 10 kPa and 135 kg N ha-1 was applied to fertilized paddocks, divided into four applications. The forage mass pre- and post-grazing, total forage production, and the botanical, structural, and bromatological composition of the pastures were evaluated. No interaction was observed between the irrigation and nitrogen fertilization factors for any of the variables and no significant differences were observed in forage mass between pre- and post-grazing or in Tifton leaf and stem percentages. Nitrogen fertilization had a significant effect on forage production, which was 2626.41 kg dry matter (DM) ha-1 higher in fertilized pastures than in unfertilized pastures. In addition, fertilization resulted in a lower percentage of dead material (6.66%), higher percentage of oat leaves (30.84%), higher leaf:stem ratio (1:45), higher crude protein content (24.13%), lower levels of neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (64.57%) and acid detergent fiber (ADF) (32.86%), and higher in vitro dry matter digestibility (73.01%) than in unfertilized pastures. The use of irrigation did not influence total forage production, however, it resulted in pastures with lower NDF (65.97%) and ADF (33.54%), and higher in vitro dry matter digestibility (73.48%) than unirrigated pastures. Nitrogen fertilization produced improvements in pasture structure, associated with higher dry matter yield and bromatological quality, while irrigation only produced pastures with lower fiber content and greater digestibility.

scholarly journals KECERNAAN IN VITRO SILASE SAMPAH SAYUR DAN DAUN GAMAL MENGGUNAKAN MIKROORGANISME RUMEN KAMBING

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17
Author(s):  
Indrayani Indrayani ◽  
Harapin Hafid ◽  
Dian Agustina
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Vegetable Waste ◽  
Dry Matter Digestibility ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Honestly Significant Difference ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

ABSTRACTThis study aims to determine the digestibility of dry matter and organic matter level waste silage mixed vegetables and Gliricidia leaves were tested in vitro. This study used a completely randomized design with 3 treatments and 3 replications. Each of these treatments is R0 (Gliricidia leaves 100%), R1 (Gliricidia leaves 70% + 30% silage vegetable waste), and R2 (Gliricidia leaves 40% + 60% silage vegetable waste). Data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further testing using the test Honestly Significant Difference (HSD). The results of ANOVA showed that the mixture of vegetable waste silage was highly significant (p <0.05) on dry matter digestibility and significantly (p <0.05) on the digestibility of organic matter. It can be concluded that the mixed of vegetable waste silage and Gliricidia leaves can improved digestibility of dry matter and organic matter, treatment of 40% and 60% Gliricidia leaves plus waste vegetable produce silage dry matter digestibility and percentage of organic matter is best (72,24% and 68,19%).Keyword: Silage vegetable waste, gliricidia leaves, dry and organic matter digestibilityABSTRAKPenelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui kecenaan bahan kering dan bahan organik tingkat campuran silase sampah sayur dan daun gamal yang diuji secara in vitro. Penelitian ini menggunakan Rancangan Acak Lengkap dengan 3 perlakuan dan 3 ulangan. Masing-masing perlakuan tersebut ialah R0 (daun gamal 100%), R1 (daun gamal 70% + silase sampah sayur 30%), dan R2 (daun gamal 40% + silase sampah sayur 60%). Data yang diperoleh dianalisis dengan menggunakan analisis sidik ragam (ANOVA) dan uji lanjut menggunakan uji Beda Nyata Jujur (BNJ). Hasil analisis sidik ragam menunjukkan bahwa campuran silase sampah sayur berpengaruh sangat nyata (p<0,05) terhadap kecernaan bahan kering dan berpengaruh nyata (p<0,05) terhadap kecernaan bahan organik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa perlakuan campuran silase sampah sayur dan daun gamal dapat meningkatkan kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik, perlakuan 40% daun gamal dan 60% silase sampah sayur menghasilkan persentase kecernaan bahan kering dan bahan organik yang terbaik yaitu (72,24% dan 68,19%).Kata kunci : Silase sampah sayur, daun gamal, kecernaan bahan kering, dan bahan organik.

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