scholarly journals EVALUATION OF THE PROTECTIVE EFFECT OF NIGELLA SATIVA (BLACK CUMIN) OIL AGAINST VANCOMYCIN-INDUCED NEPHROTOXICITY IN RATS

2019 ◽  
pp. 332-336
Author(s):  
SARAH T OMRAN ◽  
JAWAD H AHMED
Keyword(s):  
Protective Effect ◽  
Normal Saline ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Black Cumin ◽  
Group I

Objective: The study was designed to investigate a possible protective effect of Nigella sativa (NS) against vancomycin (VAN)-induced nephrotoxicity in rats. Methods: Twenty-eight adult male Albino rats were randomly divided into four groups; seven rats in each. Group I (control): The animals were treated with normal saline (2 ml/kg/day) given orally and intraperitoneally (IP); Group II: VAN was given at a dose of 400 mg/kg/day for 7 days IP and normal saline orally; Group III: NS oil was given at a dose of 2 ml/kg/day for seven days orally and normal saline IP; and Group IV: VAN 400 mg/kg/day IP in combination with NS oil 2 ml/kg/day orally for 7 days. Twenty-four hours after the last dose, the animals were sacrificed, and serum was collected to estimate urea and creatinine. Then, both kidneys were excised, one for homogenate preparation to estimate renal tissue malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH) and neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) and the other for histopathological examination. Results: NS significantly decreased serum urea and creatinine compared to VAN treated group, p<0.001. NS significantly increased renal tissue GSH compared to VAN treated group p<0.001. NS lowered MDA and NGAL levels in the homogenate of renal tissues compared to their elevated levels in rats treated with VAN, but this did not achieve statistical significance. NS also ameliorated renal histopathological changes induced by VAN. Conclusion: NS has a protective effect against VAN-induced nephrotoxicity.

scholarly journals HEPATOPROTECTIVE EFFECT OF N-MIRACLE (POLYHERBAL FORMULATION) AGAINST ETHANOL INDUCED TOXICITY IN MALE ALBINO RATS

2020 ◽  
pp. 47-51
Author(s):  
MEENATCHI SUNDARAM ANGAPPAN
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Enzymes ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Hepatoprotective Effect ◽  
Hepatic Regeneration ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Ether Anesthesia ◽  
Polyherbal Formulation ◽  
Group I ◽  
Ameliorative Effect

Objective: The aim of this current study is to investigate the hepatoprotective efficacy of N-Miracle (a polyherbal formulation) against ethanol-induced toxicity in male albino rats. Methods: Male Wistar albino rats weighing 150-200 g were used for the study. A total of 30 male albino rats were selected, divided into five groups. Ethanol-induced liver damage was done on Group III, IV, and V. Group I and Group II served as a normal and drug (N-Miracle) control. After the treatment period, the rats were anaesthetized by light ether anesthesia in a lethal chamber. Hepatic biomarkers, antioxidant enzymes, histopathological examination are carried out to document the hepatoprotective effect of N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation). Results: The results of the present study demonstrated a significant (p<0.05) increase in the levels of Aspartate Aminotransaminase (AST), Alanine Aminotransaminase (ALT) and Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP) in ethanol-induced rats as compared to normal and drug control Groups. The level of total protein and albumin were significantly (p<0.05) decreased in ethanol-treated rats. The toxic impact of ethanol was found to be restored in rats treated with N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation). The present study also exhibited the enzymatic antioxidant efficacy of N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation) against ethanol-induced toxicity in rats by increasing the antioxidant enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and decreasing the activity of Glutathione-S-transferase in the liver. The findings are also correlated with histopathological examination of N-Miracle treated group, which shows hepatic regeneration and decrease in degradation of hepatocytes. Conclusion: This study could provide a possible explanation to hepatotoxicity resulting from exposure to ethanol. The findings of the present study revealed the ameliorative effect of N-Miracle (Polyherbal formulation) against ethanol-induced hepatotoxicity by improving the liver function, increasing the levels of antioxidant enzymes and restoring the morphological features of the liver.

scholarly journals Amelioration of isoniazid and rifampicin-induced liver toxicity by Amaranthus graecizans subsp. silvestris in rat

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 354
Author(s):  
Saiqa Ishtiaq ◽  
Muhammad Shaharyar Khan Afridi ◽  
Nawal Masood
Keyword(s):  
Liver Damage ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Protective Action ◽  
Video Clip ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Group Iv ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group I ◽  
Group Ii

<p class="Abstract"><em>Amaranthus graecizans</em> subsp. <em>silvestris</em>, a folk medicine for the treatment of inflammation, was used to evaluate its hepatoprotective potential against rifampicin and isoniazid-induced liver damage. Wistar albino rats were divided into four groups: Group I served as control (distilled water treated), Group II served as hepatotoxic group (isoniazid 50 mg/kg and rifampicin 100 mg/kg, treated), Group III served as positive control (silymarin 100 mg/kg, treated) while Group IV served as <em>A. graecizans</em> subsp. <em>silvestris</em> extract (400 mg/kg) treated group. The results suggest that the liver markers (alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase and total bilirubin) were significantly increased in the animals of Group II. The methanolic extract showed a significant decrease in the raised liver enzymes of Group IV and encountered the liver damage caused by isoniazid and rifampicin. Histopathological examination of liver also revealed the improved architecture in the extract-treated group. Thus, the methanolic extract has potential liver protective action due to its phytochemicals.</p><p><strong>Video Clip of Methodology</strong>:</p><p>8 min 33 sec:   <a href="https://www.youtube.com/v/dUa_1c_S8VY">Full Screen</a>   <a href="https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=dUa_1c_S8VY">Alternate</a></p>

scholarly journals The effect of vitamin C on Endosulfan-induced oxidative stress parameters in prepubertal rats

Biomedicine ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 39 (2) ◽  
pp. 333-338
Author(s):  
Kalaivani Manokaran ◽  
Vasanthalaxmi Krishnananda Rao ◽  
Nilima . ◽  
Manjula Shimoga Durgoji Rao ◽  
Sucheta Prasanna Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Oxidative Stress ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Wistar Rats ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Treated Group ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Protective Role ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Group I ◽  
Testicular Weight

Introduction and Aim: Oxidative stress plays a very important role in endosulfan-induced toxic effects on reproductive organs. Vitamin C is a potent antioxidant which plays an important role in decreasing oxidative stress. The present study was aimed to investigate the protective role of vitamin C against endosulfan-induced testicular toxicity in Wistar rats. To investigate a protective effect of vitamin C against endosulfan induced toxicity on biochemical changes. Materials and Methods: Seventy male neonatal Wistar rats were divided into  seven groups. The group  I was taken as the control group, the endosulfan-treated were grouped into II (3 mg/kg body weight (BW) and group III (6 mg/kg BW), Group IV (9 mg/kg BW) and Group V (12 mg/kg BW). Group VI (9 mg/kg BW) and group VII (12 mg/kg BW) were pretreated with vitamin C (20 mg/kg BW) for 60 days. After  the experimental procedures, the testicular weight, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) enzyme and testosterone in plasma, LDH, steroidogenic enzymes 3?-HSD and 17?-HSD in testis were evaluated. One-way ANOVA was used to determine the statistical significance. Results: Significant improvement in the testicular weight (P<0.05) , LDH (P<0.05) levels both in plasma and testis, increase in testosterone(P<0.001) and steroidogenic enzyme levels(P<0.001) was observed in the group pretreated with vitamin C treated group when compared to the endosulfan treated group. Conclusion: Vitamin C decreases the toxic effect of endosulfan on testis. The present action might be  due to its antioxidative properties.

scholarly journals Thymoquinone Upregulates Catalase Gene Expression and Preserves the Structure of the Renal Cortex of Propylthiouracil-Induced Hypothyroid Rats

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-15
Author(s):  
Nasra Ayuob ◽  
Maha Jameal Balgoon ◽  
Ahmed A. El-Mansy ◽  
Wafaa A. Mubarak ◽  
Alaa El-Din L. Firgany
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Body Weight ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Renal Cortex ◽  
Nigella Sativa ◽  
Serum Levels ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Renal Diseases ◽  
Catalase Gene ◽  
Male Wistar Rats

Background. The association between hypothyroidism and renal diseases has been described in many studies. Nigella Sativa was among the recently reported natural product that has the potential to prevent renal tissue damage and fibrosis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possible protective effect of thymoquinone on the structure of the renal cortex of hypothyroid rats and explore the mechanism behind it. Methods. An experimental model of hypothyroidism was induced in adult male Wistar rats by administration of propylthiouracil (6 mg/kg/body weight). One hypothyroid group was treated with thymoquinone at the dose of 50 mg/kg/body weight and compared to the untreated group. Thyroid function and oxidant/antioxidant status were assessed in the serum. Catalase gene expression was assessed using the real-time polymerase chain reaction. The kidney was assessed both histologically and immunohistochemically. Results. Administration of propylthiouracil resulted in a significant decrease in the serum levels of nitric oxide, reduced glutathione, and superoxide dismutase activity while the level of malondialdehyde significantly (p<0.001) increased. Administration of thymoquinone alleviated this effect on the thyroid hormones and significantly increased the serum levels of antioxidants. Thymoquinone significantly (p<0.001) upregulated catalase transcription by about 24-fold and could block the hypothyroidism-induced glomerular and tubular injury. Conclusion. Thymoquinone may have a potential protective effect against hypothyroidism-induced renal injury acting through the attenuation of the oxidative stress and upregulation of renal catalase gene expression.

Short term chronic toxicity of tributyltin on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible protective role of omega-3

2020 ◽  
pp. 096032712094745
Author(s):  
Marwa G Ahmed ◽  
Mona El-Demerdash Ibrahim ◽  
Hoda R El Sayed ◽  
Samah M Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Treated Group ◽  
Toxic Effects ◽  
Cellular Damage ◽  
Antioxidant Defenses ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Omega 3 ◽  
Group I

The declining rate of male fertility is a growing concern. Tributyltin (TBT) is a well-known endocrine disruptor (ED), that induces imposex in female gastropods and is widely used in various industrial applications. The aim of this study was to evaluate the toxic effects of TBT on the testes of adult albino rats and the possible role of omega-3. Forty two adult male albino rats were divided into five groups; control group (Group I) and four experimental groups: omega-3 treated group, TBT treated group, TBT & omega-3 treated group and follow up group. At the end of the study, the rats were subjected to biochemical, histological, immunohistochemical staining for Ki-67 and seminal examinations. Our results clarfied that TBT induced a significant decrease in testosterone, FSH, LH and serum glutathione peroxidase levels and a significant increase in the serum Malondialdehyde as compared to the control group. Tributyltin induced disorganization and shrinkage of seminiferous tubules, apoptosis, cellular damage and marked reduction in the germinal epithelium. A significant decrease in the cell proliferation and arrested spermatogenesis were also detected. Seminal analysis of TBT group showed a significant affection of all parameters as compared to other groups. Omega-3 ameliorated all of these hazardous effects. Follow up group still showed toxic effects. In conclusion, TBT has a toxic effect on the testis. Increased testicular oxidative stress, cellular damage and arrest of spermatogenesis with attenuation in antioxidant defenses are all contributing factors. Omega-3 can protect against TBT induced reproductive toxicity.

scholarly journals Ameliorative Effect of Methanol Extract of Hymenocardia acida Leaves on Gentamicin-Induced Renal Toxicity in Rats

2018 ◽  
pp. 1-9
Author(s):  
Nweje-Anyalowu Paul Chukwuemeka ◽  
Idakwoji Precious Adejoh ◽  
Iserhienrhien Lucky Osafanme ◽  
Anosike Joy Chizoba
Keyword(s):  
Methanol Extract ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Elevated Serum ◽  
Chloride Ion ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Potassium Ion ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Histopathological Analysis ◽  
Serum Urea ◽  
Group I

Aim: This study evaluated the nephroprotective effect of methanol extract of Hymenocardia acida leaves in rat model of gentamicin induced renal damage. Materials and Methods: Twenty- four (24) Wistar albino rats of either sex weighing 150- 200g were divided into 4 groups of 6 animals each; Group I served as the control and received normal saline, Group II- IV received gentamicin (40 mg/kg, i.p), Groups III and IV also received 200 and 400 mg/kg body wt., p.o methanol extract of Hymenocardia acida leaves respectively for 15 days. Body weight measurement, serum urea, creatinine, electrolytes analyses and histopathological examination of kidney were carried out. Results: Gentamicin treatment caused nephrotoxicity as evidenced by marked elevation in Serum urea, creatinine, decreased sodium and chloride ions, elevated serum level of potassium ion and pathological signs such as congestion, focal areas of inflammation, tubular necrosis, and glomerular atrophy. Administration of the extract at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg/ body wt significantly (p< 0.05) decreased Creatinine and urea levels, significantly (p< 0.05) increased sodium and chloride ion and significantly (p< 0.05)  decreased potassium ion level when compared to the gentamicin- alone- treated group. Histopathological analysis also revealed a gradual reversal of the pathological features caused by gentamicin toxicity. Conclusion: It was concluded that the extract possesses nephroprotective potential.

scholarly journals Protective and curative effects of Beta vulgaris on dimethyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate-exposed albino rats

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Eucharia O. Nwaichi ◽  
Eka B. Essien ◽  
Uzoamaka Chinonso Ibe
Keyword(s):  
Beta Vulgaris ◽  
Histopathological Examination ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Negative Control ◽  
Albino Rats ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Group I ◽  
Biochemical Assays ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Liver And Kidney

Background: This study evaluated the effect of Beta vulgaris (beetroot) smoothie on some biochemical parameters on dimethyl 2,2-dichlorovinyl phosphate (DDVP, known as dichlorvos)-exposed albino Wistar rats. Methods: A total of 30 rats of both sexes were grouped into five groups of six animals each. Group I served as the negative control and were not exposed to dichlorvos. Group II served as the positive control and were exposed to dichlorvos but received no smoothie. Group III received 500 mg/kg body weight beetroot smoothie and was not exposed to dichlorvos. Groups IV and V were exposed to dichlorvos but received beetroot before and after exposure, respectively. At the end of the 6-week experiment, the animals were euthanized, the blood samples collected for some biochemical assays while the organs (kidney and liver) were harvested and subjected to histopathological examination. Results: From the biochemical assay, it was observed that the beetroot smoothies regulated and significantly reduced the elevated levels of AST, ALT, urea and creatinine observed in the animals that were exposed to dichlorvos. Additionally, the beetroot was able to regenerate the liver and kidney organs that were damaged on exposure to dichlorvos. Conclusion: This study concluded that beetroot smoothie possesses hepato-protective, hepato-curative as well as nephro-curative properties.

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