scholarly journals METHICILLIN-RESISTANT STAPHYLOCOCCI PREVALENCE IN CANCER PATIENTS AT A TERTIARY CARE CANCER CENTRE – A RETROSPECTIVE STUDY

2021 ◽  
pp. 82-85
Author(s):  
SARAVANAN MURUGESAN ◽  
SUJINA TK ◽  
SAJANI SAMUEL ◽  
SARATH KE ◽  
PARTHIBAN RUDRAPATHY
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Study Data ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Cancer Centre ◽  
Multiple Drugs

Objective: The objective of this study was to investigate the prevalence of Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and MR-coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS), as well as their antimicrobial resistance, in various samples from cancer patients in North Kerala. Methods: The retrospective study was conducted at a tertiary care cancer centre in North Kerala over a 4-year period from January 2016 to December 2019. During the study, data on all cultures from cancer patients was analyzed. This study was approved by Institutional Review Board (IRB). Non-duplicate isolates of staphylococci were included in the study obtained from various clinical specimens. Species identification and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was done using automated methods. Results: During the period of 4 years (2016–2019), a total of 1176 isolates of staphylococci were analyzed, out of which 784 were S. aureus isolates (68%) and 392 (32%) isolates were CoNS. Among CoNS species, Staphylococcus epidermidis and Staphylococcus haemolyticus were the most common species of CoNS, representing 39% and 28% of the total CoNS identified. Overall prevalence of methicillin resistance in S. aureus and CoNS was found to be 50.7% and 55.6%, respectively. Methicillin-resistant staphylococci isolates showed higher resistance to multiple drugs than methicillin-sensitive staphylococci isolates. Conclusion: This study demonstrates that MRS could also be a haul in cancer patients at North Kerala. A higher percentage of MR-CoNS isolates are multidrug resistant than MRSA isolates. Glycopeptides and linezolid still stay the mainstay for treatment for MRS infections.

scholarly journals Determination of the frequency, species distribution and antimicrobial resistance of staphylococci isolated from dogs and their owners in Trinidad

PLoS ONE ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. e0254048
Author(s):  
Sharianne Suepaul ◽  
Karla Georges ◽  
Chandrashekhar Unakal ◽  
Filip Boyen ◽  
Jamie Sookhoo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Multidrug Resistance ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance ◽  
Species Distribution ◽  
Antimicrobial Agents ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Close Contact ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

The close contact between humans and their dogs can lead to the commingling of staphylococci and the exchange of mobile genetic elements encoding antimicrobial resistance. The objectives of this study were to determine the species distribution and antimicrobial resistance patterns of staphylococci colonizing canine pets and their owners in Trinidad. Staphylococci were isolated from canine pets and their owners and identified using MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Antimicrobial susceptibilities were determined using the Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method against seven classes of antimicrobial agents. A total of 440 staphylococci were isolated from 112 canine pets and their owners, 53.4% were from canine pets and 46.6% were from owners. Twenty-four species were detected, of which, most isolates (32.5%) belonged to the Staphylococcus intermedius group (SIG). S. sciuri was the most common species of coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) comprising 22.3% of all isolates. Antimicrobial resistance was highest against commonly used antimicrobials, such as penicillin (51.4%), tetracycline (26.1%) and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (18.6%). These antimicrobials also comprised the most common multidrug resistance (MDR) combination. Overall, 19.1% of isolates displayed multidrug resistance. No methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates were detected. However, methicillin resistance was detected in 13.3% and 15.1% of coagulase-positive staphylococci (CoPS) and the CoNS+CoVS (combined CoNS and coagulase-variable staphylococci) group respectively. The presence of methicillin-resistant staphylococci is worrisome because there is the potential for the transfer of these strains between dogs and humans. These strains may act as a reservoir of resistance genes.

Staphylococcal cassette chromosomemec(SCCmec) in methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci. A review and the experience in a tertiary-care setting

2009 ◽  
Vol 138 (5) ◽  
pp. 645-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
E. GARZA-GONZÁLEZ ◽  
R. MORFÍN-OTERO ◽  
J. M. LLACA-DÍAZ ◽  
E. RODRIGUEZ-NORIEGA
Keyword(s):  
Care Setting ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Nosocomial Sepsis ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Clinically Significant ◽  
Tertiary Care Setting

SUMMARYCoagulase-negative staphylococci (CNS) are increasingly recognized to cause clinically significant infections, withS. epidermidisoften cited as the third most common cause of nosocomial sepsis. Among CNS, there is a high prevalence of methicillin resistance associated with staphylococcal cassette chromosome (SCCmec) elements. Although identical SCCmectypes can exist inS. aureusand CNS, some novel classes of SCCmecmay be unique to CNS. Differences in the accuracy of identification of CNS species and use of non-standardized methods for the detection of methicillin resistance have led to confusing data in the literature. In addition to the review of SCCmecin CNS, in this paper we report a 2-year surveillance of methicillin-resistant CNS in a tertiary-care hospital in Guadalajara, Mexico.

scholarly journals Improved survival among oral cancer patients: findings from a retrospective study at a tertiary care cancer centre in rural Kerala, India

2019 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sajith Babu Thavarool ◽  
Geetha Muttath ◽  
Sangeetha Nayanar ◽  
Karthickeyan Duraisamy ◽  
Prasanth Bhat ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Oral Cancer ◽  
Cancer Patients ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Cancer Centre ◽  
Oral Cancer Patients

scholarly journals Resistance profiles and biofilm formation of coagulase negative staphylococci isolated from clinical specimens in a tertiary care hospital in Palestine

10.3823/814 ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dr. Nahed Ali Al Laham ◽  
Emad Abou Elkhair ◽  
Abdallah Bashir ◽  
Nahed Abdelateef
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Biofilm Formation ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Common Species ◽  
Multidrug Resistant ◽  
Common Source ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Clinical Specimens

Background: Coagulase-negative staphylococci (CoNS) represent one of the major resistant nosocomial pathogens where its biofilm-related infections often fail to respond to antibiotic chemotherapy. Here, we studied the resistance profiles and biofilm formation in CoNS isolates from clinical specimens at Al Shifa hospital in Gaza, Palestine. Methods: This study was carried out from March to July 2016 and included 81 clinical isolates. Identification and antibiotic susceptibility testing were performed using VITEK-2 system. The presence of nuc and mecA genes was performed using multiplex PCR. Qualitative and quantitative biofilm assays were performed using standard methods. Results: Of the 81 clinical CoNS isolates, S. haemolyticus was the most common species (34, 42%), followed by S. epidermidis (26, 32.1%) and S. saprophyticus (13, 16%). The majority of isolates (83.9%) were from surgery, ICUs, pediatrics and medicine wards and the most common source was pus (28, 34.6%). Antibiotic resistance was highest against aminoglycosides, β-lactams, carbapenems, cephalosporins, fluoroquinolones, fosfomycin and macrolides. Though, no resistance was detected against rifampicin, vancomycin, teicoplanin, nitrofurantoin, linezolid and mupirocin. The antibiotic resistance among MR-CoNS was significantly higher than that among MS-CoNS. Nearly 88.9% of isolates were multidrug resistant with higher percentage among MR-CoNS. Most S. epidermidis (76.9%) isolates were biofilm producer, with statistically significant association between methicillin resistance and biofilm production. Conclusions: High rates of antibiotic resistance were found among CoNS to commonly used antibiotics and the majority were methicillin and multidrug resistance. Most S. epidermidis isolates were biofilm producer. These results justified the necessity for national programs and measures to monitor and manage the usage of antibiotics in the Palestinian hospitals and community.

scholarly journals In Vitro activity of a Novel Benzoquinolizine Antibiotic, Levonadifloxacin (WCK 771) against Blood Stream Gram-Positive Isolates from a Tertiary Care Hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (03) ◽  
pp. 230-232
Author(s):  
Dhruv Mamtora ◽  
Sanjith Saseedharan ◽  
Ritika Rampal ◽  
Prashant Joshi ◽  
Pallavi Bhalekar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Blood Stream ◽  
Tolerability Profile ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
Methicillin Resistant

Abstract Background Blood stream infections (BSIs) due to Gram-positive pathogens such as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are associated with high mortality ranging from 10 to 60%. The current anti-MRSA agents have limitations with regards to safety and tolerability profile which limits their prolonged usage. Levonadifloxacin and its oral prodrug alalevonadifloxacin, a novel benzoquinolizine antibiotic, have recently been approved for acute bacterial skin and skin structure infections including diabetic foot infections and concurrent bacteremia in India. Methods The present study assessed the potency of levonadifloxacin, a novel benzoquinolizine antibiotic, against Gram-positive blood stream clinical isolates (n = 31) collected from January to June 2019 at a tertiary care hospital in Mumbai, India. The susceptibility of isolates to antibacterial agents was defined following the Clinical and Laboratory Standard Institute interpretive criteria (M100 E29). Results High prevalence of MRSA (62.5%), quinolone-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (QRSA) (87.5%), and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) (82.35%) were observed among bacteremic isolates. Levonadifloxacin demonstrated potent activity against MRSA, QRSA, and MR-CoNS strains with significantly lower minimum inhibitory concentration MIC50/90 values of 0.5/1 mg/L as compared with levofloxacin (8/32 mg/L) and moxifloxacin (2/8 mg/L). Conclusion Potent bactericidal activity coupled with low MICs support usage of levonadifloxacin for the management of BSIs caused by multidrug resistant Gram-positive bacteria.

Distribution of MR-CoNS in the clinical staffs of tertiary care hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-102
Author(s):  
Sonu S. Ahirwar ◽  
Prabhat Jatav ◽  
Kirti Kushwaha
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Nasal Swab ◽  
Tertiary Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistance ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Vitek 2

Methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative staphylococci (MR-CoNS) associated infection is a growing concern in healthcare settings now a day. MR-CoNS are the main infectious agents of the hospital acquired infection. Clinical staffs to patients transmission of resistant strains have caused a rapid increase in the prevalence of antimicrobial resistance in recent years. Growing rate of antimicrobial resistant against available antibiotics of MR-CoNS is a developing problem in low income or lower middle income counties. This study was conducted to determine the occurrence MR-CoNS isolated from different clinical staffs of tertiary care hospital. This prospective study conducted in clinical staffs, nasal swab were collected from all the participants. Screening of CoNS were done on the basis of cultural, morphological and biochemical tests, identification and AST analysis done by VITEK-2 automated system. Methicillin resistance pattern was checked by VITEK-2 and Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method according to CLSI guideline. A total of 129 nasal swab samples were collected from clinical staffs, of which n=81 isolates (85.6%) were CoNS. Among n=81 CoNS, (48.12%) , (41.97%) , (7.4%) and (2.4%) were reported. Out of n=81 CoNS isolates, n=26 were conformed as MR-CoNS. Maximum methicillin resistance were reported in 53.48% (14/26), 42.30% (11/26), 3.84% (1/26) and 0% (0/26). Theoccurrence rate of MR-CoNS are higher (20.6%) in the healthcare workers and most of the methicillin resistant-CoNS isolates shows high level of resistance against widely used antibiotics but all the isolates susceptible against vancomycin.

scholarly journals Incidence and risk factors for surgical site infection following elective foot and ankle surgery: a retrospective study

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinghong Meng ◽  
Yanbin Zhu ◽  
Yansen Li ◽  
Tao Sun ◽  
Fengqi Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Staphylococcus Aureus ◽  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Surgical Site Infection ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Site Infection ◽  
Foot And Ankle ◽  
Coagulase Negative Staphylococci ◽  
Methicillin Resistant ◽  
Associated Risk Factors

Abstract Background This study aimed to investigate the incidence of surgical site infection (SSI) in elective foot and ankle surgeries and identify the associated risk factors. Methods This was designed as a retrospective study, including patients who underwent elective surgery of foot and ankle between July 2015 and June 2018. Data on demographics, comorbidities, and perioperative parameters were collected from the medical records, the laboratory report, the operation report, and the outpatient follow-up registration database. SSI was defined in accordance with the Center for Disease Control criteria. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were used to identify the independent risk factors for SSI. Results A total of 1201 patients undergoing 1259 elective foot/ankle surgeries were included, of whom 26 (2.1%) had an SSI, representing an incidence rate of 1.3% for superficial SSI and 0.8% for deep SSI, respectively. The results for organism culture showed Pseudomonas aeruginosa in 7 cases, methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in 6, methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus (MSSA) in 5, methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative Staphylococci (MRCNS) in 2, Escherichia coli in 2, and Proteus mirabilis in 1 case. Five factors were identified to be independently associated with SSI, including prolonged preoperative stay (OR, 1.21; 95% CI, 1.09 to 1.30), allograft or bone substitute (OR, 3.76; 95% CI, 1.51 to 5.30), elevated FBG level (OR, 1.17; 95% CI, 1.04 to 1.26), lower ALB level (OR, 2.33; 95% CI, 1.19 to 3.05), and abnormal NEUT count (OR, 1.72; 95% CI, 1.27 to 2.12). Conclusions SSI following elective foot and ankle surgeries is low, but relatively high in forefoot surgeries, requiring particular attention in clinical practice. Although most not modifiable, these identified factors aid in risk assessment of SSI and accordingly stratifying patients and therefore should be kept in mind.

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