STRATEGY TO MASK THE BITTER TASTE OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA EXTRACT USING ALGINATE–GELATIN BEADS

Objective: This study is aimed to develop a strategy to mask the bitter taste of Momordica charantia Linn. extract using alginate–gelatin beads.Methods: Beads of bitter melon fruit extract (M. charantia Linn) were prepared using an ionic gelation method in which cross-linking occurs betweensodium alginate and calcium chloride that serves to mask the bitter taste. Beads were prepared using sodium alginate (1.5% w/v) with variousconcentrations of bitter melon fruit extract (1:2, 1:1, and 1:0.5), gelatin (2% w/v), and CaCl2 3%. The obtained beads were then characterized bothphysically and functionally, and their morphology, process efficiency, particle distribution, swelling index, and water content were recorded.Results: Formula 1 beads, with a 1:2 ratio of extract: alginate, displayed a near-round shape with a diameter of 600–1 200 μm, a swelling index of113.21%, and a moisture content of 15.34%. In addition, these beads were able to significantly cover the bitter taste (p<0.05).Conclusion: Formula 1 beads with a 1:2 ratio of extract: alginate can effectively mask the bitter taste of M. charantia Linn.

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FORMULASI DAN UJI STABILITAS FISIK SEDIAAN TABLET EKSTRAK BUAH PARE (Momordica charantia L.) SECARA GRANULASI BASAH

Smart Medical Journal ◽

10.13057/smj.v2i1.29676 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 25

Author(s):

Ira Nur Fadhilah ◽

Dwi Saryanti

Keyword(s):

Physical Stability ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Wet Granulation ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Binding Material ◽

Gelatin Concentration ◽

Bitter Fruit ◽

Melon Fruit

Bitter melon fruit is one type of medicinal plant used by the community. Charantin is one of the efficacious compounds contained in bitter melon fruit and can be used to reduce glucose levels in the blood. Tablets have advantage that are easy to consume and exactly the size, so in this study bitter melon is made from tablet preparations. The purpose of this study was to determine the concentration of gelatin binder which can produce tablets of bitter fruit extract (Momordica charantia L.) with good physical quality, and to determine the effect of gelatin as a binder on the physical stability test of bitter melon extract tablets (Momordica charantia L.) making bitter melon extract tablets is by wet granulation method, because the active ingredient of bitter melon fruit is not resistant to warming above 600C. Formulation tablets of bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L.) with gelatin binder at a concentration of 5%, 7.5%, 10% able to produce tablets that meet the requirements of tablet physical examination for 28 days. Gelatin binding concentration has an effect on the physical properties of tablets, the best concentration of gelatin binder is formula III with 10% gelatin concentration. The higher the concentration of the binding material, the higher the hardness, and fragility decreases. Keywords: Bitter Melon Extract (Momordica charantia L.), Gelatin binder, Wet Granulation.

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Reduction in bitter taste and quality characteristics in pickled bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) by different pretreatment conditions

Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology ◽

10.9721/kjfst.2016.48.5.466 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 48 (5) ◽

pp. 466-473 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

HyoSun Park ◽

BoKyung Moon ◽

Suna Kim

Keyword(s):

Bitter Taste ◽

Quality Characteristics ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Pretreatment Conditions

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EFFECT OF VARIATIONS OF BETA VULGARIS EXTRACTS ON MASKING THE BITTER TASTE OF MOMORDICA CHARANTIA EXTRACT SYRUP

International Journal of Applied Pharmaceutics ◽

10.22159/ijap.2018.v10s1.34 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 159

Author(s):

Sutriyo . ◽

Raditya Iswandana ◽

Elisa Nur Widiya

Keyword(s):

Specific Gravity ◽

Physical Properties ◽

Beta Vulgaris ◽

Sodium Benzoate ◽

Bitter Taste ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

The Other ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Average Value

Objective: This study aimed to obtain a formula with an optimal sweetener concentration of beet extract that can cover the bitter taste of bitter melonand confer optimal physical properties on the syrup.Methods: The syrups were prepared by mixing bitter melon extract, sucrose, beet extract, sorbitol, sodium benzoate, strawberry essence, anddemineralized water. The control formula and formulas 1, 2, and 3 contained beet extract at concentrations of 0% and 10%, 15%, and 20%, respectively.All formulas were evaluated to determine their physical properties, stability, and bitterness. The bitterness was tested on 30 respondents, with databeing analyzed using Wilcoxon’s test on SPSS software.Results and Conclusion: Formula 3 with 20% beet extract was identified as the best formula for masking bitter taste because it had a significantlybetter average value than the other formulas (p<0.05) and the highest bitterless taste percentage (86.67%), with physical properties of a brownishblackcolor, odor of mixture of strawberry and dominant beet, a sweet and dominant beet taste, pH 5.46, and specific gravity of 1.228 g/mL.

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Comparative Literature Study of Bligo Fruit Extract (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn) and Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Extract on the Minimum Inhibition of Salmonella typhi Bacteria

Berkala Kedokteran ◽

10.20527/jbk.v17i2.11679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 17 (2) ◽

pp. 167

Author(s):

Mei Rizqi Putri Afifah ◽

Noer Kumala Indahsari

Keyword(s):

Salmonella Typhi ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Literature Study ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Benincasa Hispida ◽

Narrative Literature ◽

Narrative Literature Review ◽

Inhibitory Power ◽

Comparative Literature Study

Abstract: Salmonella typhi is a gram-negative bacteria species that causes typhoid fever. Salmonella typhi is sensitive to antibiotics such as amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and cotrimoxazole. However, there has been some increase in antibiotic resistance, so there is a need for new antibacterials that do not have a resistance effect to treat infection. Bligo fruit (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) contain saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and triterpenoids which have antibacterial power. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the bligo fruit extract (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn) and bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L.) on the minimum inhibition of Salmonella typhi bacteria. The method used is narrative literature review. The results of the journal study showed that the extract of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) was more effective in inhibiting Salmonella typhi bacteria than the extract of bligo (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn) with a minimum inhibitory power at a concentration of 20%, namely 8.5 mm. Keywords: Bligo Fruit (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn), Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.), Salmonella typhi.

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Perbedaan Toksisitas Larutan Buah Pare (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) dan Buah Belimbing Wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) Sebagai Biolarvasida Culex Sp

Jurnal Penelitian Kesehatan SUARA FORIKES (Journal of Health Research Forikes Voice) ◽

10.33846/sf11nk211 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 11 ◽

pp. 60

Author(s):

Alifatun Khunafa' ◽

Ngadino Ngadino ◽

Hadi Suryono ◽

Aries Prasetyo

Keyword(s):

Momordica Charantia ◽

Control Group ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Control Group Design ◽

Group Design ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Tree Fruit ◽

Post Test ◽

Culex Sp ◽

Melon Fruit

One strategy to overcome the case of filariasis is by turning off the vector, namely Culex sp. Mosquitoes, and usually using chemicals as larvicides, in the long run, can cause resistance to larvae and environmental pollution. Bitter melon (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) can cause death in larvae because they contain chemical compounds alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, and are safe for animals and the environment. This study aims to determine the differences in the toxicity of Bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruti (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) as Culex sp bio-larvacides. The research method was experimental, with the research design used is the post-test only control group design. Samples were Culex sp. third instar mosquito larvae. The study used 4 replications and 7 treatments with 25 larvae of each treatment. The concentration of bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) were 0% (control); 11%; 22%; 44%. Data analysis was performed analytically using a probit test and a different test (Two Way Anova). The results showed a solution of bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) had the potential as a bio-larvacide and had a mortality rate at 0% concentration (control), in bitter melon fruit concentrations of 11%; 22%; 44% of 73%, 89%, 100%. Whereas in cucumber tree fruit concentration 11%; 22%; 44; by 95%, 99%, 100%. The different test showed that there was a significant difference between control, bitter melon (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) solution to Culex sp larvae mortality (α <0.05). Suggestions that can be given is that bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia Linnaeus) and cucumber tree fruit (Averrhoa bilimbi Linnaeus) can be used as bio-larvacides and used as alternative larvacides as substitutes for chemical larvacides, and further research using different larvae is needed. Keywords: bio-larvacide; bitter melon fruit solution; cucumber tree solution; Culex sp ABSTRAK Salah satu strategi menanggulangi kasus filariasis adalah dengan cara mematikan vektor yaitu nyamuk Culex sp, dan biasanya menggunakan bahan kimiawi sebagai larvasida dalam jangka panjang dapat menyebabkan resistensi pada larva dan pencemaran lingkungan. Buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linneus) dapat menyebabkan kematian pada larva karena mengandung senyawa kimia alkaloid, flavonoid, saponin, tanin, serta bersifat aman terhadap hewan dan bagi lingkungan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan toksisitas larutan buah pare (Momordica charantina linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linnaeus) sebagai biolarvasida Culex sp. Metode penelitian adalah eksperimental, dengan rancangan penelitian yang digunakan adalah post test only control group design. Sampel berupa larva nyamuk Culex sp instar III. Penelitian menggunakan 4 replikasi dan 7 perlakuan dengan jumlah larva uji masing-masing perlakuan sebanyak 25 ekor. Konsentrasi buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linneus) yaitu 0% (kontrol); 11% ; 22% ; 44%. Analisis data dilakukan secara analitik menggunakan uji probit dan uji beda (Two Way Anova).Hasil penelitian menunjukkan larutan buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linnaeus) berpotensi sebagai biolarvasida dan memiliki angka kematian pada konsentrasi 0% (kontrol), pada buah pare konsentrasi 11% ; 22% ; 44% sebesar 73%, 89%, 100%. Sedangkan pada buah belimbing wuluh konsentrasi 11% ; 22% ; 44; sebesar 95%, 99%, 100%. Uji beda menunjukkan terdapat perbedaan yang signifikan antara kontrol, larutan buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan larutan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linnaeus) terhadap kematian larva nyamuk Culex sp (α < 0,05). Saran yang dapat diberikan adalah agar buah pare (Momordica charantia linnaeus) dan buah belimbing wuluh (Averrhoa bilimbi linnaeus) dapat dimanfaatkan sebagai biolarvasida dan dijadikan sebagai larvasida alternatif sebagai pengganti larvasida kimia, serta diperlukan penelitian lebih lanjut dengan menggunakan larva yang berbeda. Kata kunci: biolarvasida; larutan buah pare; larutan buah belimbing wuluh; Culex sp.

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Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L) Fruit Decreased Blood Glucose Level and Improved Lipid Profile of Streptozotocin Induced Hyperglycemia Rats

Current Research in Nutrition and Food Science Journal ◽

10.12944/crnfsj.6.2.11 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 359-370 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Ummi Rohajatien ◽

Harijono Harijono ◽

Teti Estiasih ◽

Endang Sriwahyuni

Keyword(s):

Blood Glucose ◽

Blood Glucose Level ◽

Lipid Profile ◽

Dietary Fiber ◽

Glucose Level ◽

Cholesterol Absorption ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Insoluble Dietary Fiber ◽

Melon Fruit

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia, L) is a fruit that traditionally believe has benefits on health. The objective of this study is to identify bitter melon bioactive and nutritional compounds, and their effect on blood glucose level and lipid profile of streptozotocin induced hyperglycemia rats. Rats were divided into three group, those were normal group; hyperglycemia group without bitter melon fruit feeding; and hyperglycemia group with bitter melon fruit administration. Hyperglycemia condition was achieved by STZ induction. The experiment was conducted for 4 weeks. The results showed that fresh bitter melon fruit contains β-sitosterol 348.16+1.66 ppm, stigmasterol 183.08+0.8 ppm, campesterol 130.79+0.4 ppm, diosgenin 16.42+0.06 ppm, soluble dietary fiber 2.99+0.07%, insoluble dietary fiber 0.55+0.01%, and pectin 1.41+0.05%. At week 4 of experiment, bitter melon fruit fed hyperglycemia group showed a decrease of 56% blood glucose level compared to blood glucose level at week 0. Body weight of this group also increased. The improvement of lipid profile of bitter melon fed group was indicated by decreasing blood total cholesterol of 49%, triglyceride of 35%, LDL cholesterol of 42%, and increasing HDL of 133% compared to initial level at week 0. Bitter melon also increased fecal cholesterol secretion and effectively inhibited cholesterol absorption in hyperglycemia rats. Bitter melon fruit is suggested for hyperglycemia management due to its ability to reduce glucose and improve lipid profile simultaneously.

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Terapi Infusa Pekat Buah Pare (Momordica charantia L.) terhadap Kadar Glukosa Darah dan SOD pada Ginjal Tikus DM Tipe 1

ALCHEMY ◽

10.18860/al.v6i2.6762 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (2) ◽

pp. 43

Author(s):

Nuraeni Uswatun Hasanah ◽

Hafidatul Hasanah ◽

Hummatul Barroroh

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Sugar ◽

Blood Sugar Level ◽

Rat Kidney ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Sod Activity ◽

Glucose Levels ◽

Blood Glucose Levels ◽

Melon Fruit

Bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) is one of the Cucurbitaceae families which is useful as traditional antidiabetic medicine. Diabetes mellitus (DM) is an autoimmune disease indicated by increasing blood sugar levels. The aim of this study to determine the effect of concentrated infusions therapy of bitter melon fruit on blood glucose levels and SOD activity in three diabetic levels (low, medium, acute) in DM Type 1 of rat kidney. The doses of therapy used were 0.15, 0.30, 0.45, 0.60, 0.80 and 1 mL/200 g body weight (BW). Blood sugar level was measured using enzymatic (glucose oxidase) method and SOD activity using NBT (Nitroblue tetrazolium) test. The results showed that the concentrated infusions therapy of bitter melon fruit was able to decrease blood glucose levels and increase the SOD activity of DM 1 in the rat kidney. The average ability of the therapy to reduce DM in low, medium, and acute level was 87.21, 84.5 and 55,56%, respectively. In 0.3 mL/200 g Bw dose, concentrated infusions therapy of bitter melon fruit reduced blood sugar level to all diabetes levels. The average value of concentrated infusions therapy of bitter melon fruit in increasing SOD activity was 144.76%. Keywords: Diabetes mellitus, infuse, SOD (superoxide dismutase), bitter melon fruit (Momordica charantia L.) Buah pare (Momordica charantia L.) merupakan salah satu keluarga Cucurbitaceae yang bermanfaat sebagai obat tradisional, salah satunya untuk antidiabetes. Diabetes mellitus (DM) merupakan salah satu penyakit autoimun yang ditandai dengan meningkatnya kadar gula darah (KGD). Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui pengaruh terapi infusa pekat buah pare terhadap kadar glukosa darah dan SOD pada tiga tingkat diabetes yaitu ringan, sedang dan akut pada ginjal tikus DM tipe 1. Dosis yang digunakan yakni 0,15; 0,30; 0,45; 0,60; 0,80; dan 1 mL/200 g BB. KGD diiukur dengan metode enzimatik (glukosa oksidase) dan aktivitas SOD diukur dengan uji NBT (Nitroblue tetrazolium). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terapi infusa pekat buah pare berpengaruh terhadap penurunan kadar glukosa darah dan peningkatan kadar SOD pada ginjal tikus DM 1. Kemampuan rata-rata terapi dalam menurunkan DM tingkat ringan, sedang, dan akut masing-masing sebesar 87,21; 84,5 dan 55,56%. Pada dosis 0,3 mL/200 g BB, terapi infusa pekat buah pare mampu menurunkan KGD terhadap seluruh tingkat DM. Kemampuan rata-rata infusa pekat buah pare dalam meningkatkan kadar SOD sebesar 144,76%. Kata Kunci: Diabetes mellitus, infusa, SOD (superoksida dismutase), buah pare (Momordica charantia L.)

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UJI EFEKTIVITAS EKSTRAK BUAH PARE (Momordica charantia) PADA MORTALITAS LARVA Aedes aegypti

Jurnal Profesi Medika Jurnal Kedokteran dan Kesehatan ◽

10.33533/jpm.v10i1.13 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Gandung Prakoso ◽

Agus Aulung ◽

Mila Citrawati

Keyword(s):

Public Health Problem ◽

Hemorrhagic Fever ◽

Negative Control ◽

Probit Analysis ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Fruit Extract ◽

Control Solution ◽

And Control ◽

Melon Fruit ◽

Lc50 And Lc90

Dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) is a major worldwide public health problem. Biolarvicide is a strategy to suppress the incidence of DHF. Bitter melon fruit contains biochemical constituents such as alkaloid, saponin, ﬂavonoid, steroid, and momordicine which have larvicidal eﬀect. This study was aimed to know the eﬀectivity of bitter melon fruit extract as a larvicide of Aedesaegypti larva. The design of this study was experimental. The sample of this study was bitter melon fruit extract. There were 4 concentrationsof bitter melon extract used i.e., 0,8%, 1,6%, 3,2%, 6,4%, and negative control. This study used bioassay method with 20 instar III and IV larvas of Aedesaegypti put into container and were incubated for 24 hours. According to result of Kruskall-Wallis test (p = 0,005) there was a signifcant diﬀerence eﬀectof bitter melon extractonthe mortality of Aedesaegypti larva. The result of Mann-Whitney test showed that there was asignifcant diﬀerence in the eﬀectivity among the concentrationsof bitter melon extract being compared and control solution. The result of probit analysis showed that LC50 and LC90 values were 1,207% and 2,759%, respectively. According to this study, bitter melon fruit extract has larvicide eﬀectonthe mortality of Aedesaegypti.

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DETERMINATION OF CHARANTIN CONTENT, ANTIOXIDANT AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY IN-VITRO OF THE BITTER MELON (MOMORDICA CHARANTIA ) IN THUA THIEN HUE

Journal of Medicine and Pharmacy ◽

10.34071/jmp.2014.3.14 ◽

2014 ◽

pp. 99-104

Author(s):

Thi Hong Yen Nguyen ◽

Viet Khan Nguyen

Keyword(s):

Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Antibacterial Activity ◽

Solvent Mixture ◽

Momordica Charantia ◽

Bitter Melon ◽

Test Results ◽

Antioxidant And Antimicrobial Activity ◽

Melon Fruit

Background: To determine the charantin content, antioxidant and antimicrobial activity in-vitro of the bitter melon (Momordica charantia) in Thua Thien Hue.); Materials and Methods: bitter melon fruit was collected in Thua Thien Hue province, then taken to the laboratory for extraction, quantitation and activity test. Results: charantin content of bitter melon in Thua Thien Hue extracted with a solvent mixture of MeOH - CHCl3 (1:1 v/v) was found to be 0.204 %; antioxidant activity of FRAP content of fresh bitter melon extracted with solvent methanol was found to be 972.16 μmol Fe2+/L; the samples exhibited the antibacterial activity for four strains of bacterial pathogens with antimicrobial diameters from 14-17 mm. Conclusion: the charantin content of bitter melon fruit in Thua Thien Hue is high, the antioxidant and antibacterial activity are medium levels. Key words: bitter melon, charantin, antioxidants, FRAP, antibacterial.

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