NILAI MORAL TOKOH UTAMA DALAM “LEGENDA MALIN KUNDANG” DAN “SI TENGGANG”: KAJIAN SASTRA BANDINGAN SERTA IMPLEMENTASINYA SEBAGAI BAHAN AJAR SASTRA DI SMA

ABSTRAK Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menemukan perbandingan nilai moral tokoh utama dalam “Legenda Malin Kundang” dan “Si Tenggang” serta implementasinya sebagai bahan ajar sastra di SMA. Penelitian ini menggunakan kajian sastra bandingan. Pengumpulan data dilakukan dengan metode simak dengan teknik dasar sadap catat. Metode analisis data menggunakan metode padan dengan teknik dasar Pilah Unsur Penentu (PUP). Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya tiga jenis nilai moral dalam “Legenda Malin Kundang” dan “Si Tenggang” yang meliputi (1) moralitas hubungan manusia dengan diri sendiri, (2) moralitas hubungan manusia dengan lingkungan sosial termasuk hubungannya dengan lingkungan alam, dan (3) moralitas hubungan manusia dengan Tuhan. Selanjutnya hasil penelitian ini akan diimplementasikan dalam bentuk handout untuk siswa SMA.Kata Kunci: legenda, nilai moral, sastra bandingan ABSTRACTThis study aims to compare moral values brought by the main characters of Legenda Malin Kundang and Si Tenggang and the implementation of those values as literature teaching materials in high school. This research applies comparative literature study method. The data are collected by data collection methods a close observation and deep listening with a basic technique of taking some notes. The data analysis method applies an identity method with taking advantages of a basic technique, sorting determinants of elements (PUP). The results of this study reveal that there are three types of moral values in Legenda Malin Kundang and Si Tenggang, covering (1) morality of human relations with oneself, (2) morality of human relations with the social environment including their relationship with natural environment, and (3) morality of human relations with the God. Finally, the results of this study are implemented in the form of handouts for high school students.Keywords: legend, moral value, comparative literatur

Comparative Literature Study of Bligo Fruit Extract (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn) and Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.) Extract on the Minimum Inhibition of Salmonella typhi Bacteria

Salmonella typhi is a gram-negative bacteria species that causes typhoid fever. Salmonella typhi is sensitive to antibiotics such as amoxicillin, chloramphenicol, ciprofloxacin, and cotrimoxazole. However, there has been some increase in antibiotic resistance, so there is a need for new antibacterials that do not have a resistance effect to treat infection. Bligo fruit (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn) and bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) contain saponins, tannins, flavonoids, alkaloids, and triterpenoids which have antibacterial power. The purpose of this study was to compare the effectiveness of the bligo fruit extract (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn) and bitter melon extract (Momordica charantia L.) on the minimum inhibition of Salmonella typhi bacteria. The method used is narrative literature review. The results of the journal study showed that the extract of bitter melon (Momordica charantia L.) was more effective in inhibiting Salmonella typhi bacteria than the extract of bligo (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn) with a minimum inhibitory power at a concentration of 20%, namely 8.5 mm. Keywords: Bligo Fruit (Benincasa hispida (Thunb) Cogn), Bitter Melon (Momordica charantia L.), Salmonella typhi.

EVALUASI KEBIJAKAN PERDA KOTA PALU NO. 3 TAHUN 2018 (Studi Kasus Penanganan Gelandangan/Pengemis Anak dan Perempuan di Kota Palu)

The rapid urban development is the goal of many regions in Indonesia. However, urban development often creates new problems, including homeless and children/women beggars. A number of tactical steps have been carried out by the government in reducing the number of homeless and child/women beggars in Indonesia. One of them is through a normative approach, which is regional regulations, as applied in Palu, Central Sulawesi by issuing Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2018 on the management of homeless people and children/women beggars. However, these efforts have not yet reduced the number of homeless and beggars for children/women. This article aims to identify the effectiveness of Palu Regulation No. 3 of 2018 in dealing with the problem of homeless people and children/women beggars. By applying the implementation-style analysis of Grindle to evaluate Regional Regulation (Perda) No.3 of 2018, this research applied a comparative literature study data collection method from secondary data that the researchers had collected, including periodic reports from the Palu City Government and related agencies. In addition, data were also obtained from the results of field observation. Some points that were observed in this study were in front of the office of Regional People's Representative Assembly (DPRD) of Palu. The results showed that he implementation of Palu Regional Regulation No. 3 of 2018 as seen from the policy content had been optimized.

Energy Idle Aware Stochastic Lexicographic Local Searches for Precedence-Constraint Task List Scheduling on Heterogeneous Systems

The use of parallel applications in High-Performance Computing (HPC) demands high computing times and energy resources. Inadequate scheduling produces longer computing times which, in turn, increases energy consumption and monetary cost. Task scheduling is an NP-Hard problem; thus, several heuristics methods appear in the literature. The main approaches can be grouped into the following categories: fast heuristics, metaheuristics, and local search. Fast heuristics and metaheuristics are used when pre-scheduling times are short and long, respectively. The third is commonly used when pre-scheduling time is limited by CPU seconds or by objective function evaluations. This paper focuses on optimizing the scheduling of parallel applications, considering the energy consumption during the idle time while no tasks are executing. Additionally, we detail a comparative literature study of the performance of lexicographic variants with local searches adapted to be stochastic and aware of idle energy consumption.

A Review on the Contemporary Status of Mutating Coronavirus and Comparative Literature Study of Current COVID-19 Vaccines

The Novel corona virus was first reported in Wuhan province of China in the late 2019. It outspread rapidly which led to a new health crisis throughout the world by the beginning of March 2020 and was considered as a global epidemic. Several deteriorating health symptoms, morbidity and mortality were reported globally by WHO, with more than 34 lakh deaths being reported by 26 May 2021. Presently 16 vaccines are approved under emergency use in different countries and more than 33 vaccines are under phase 3 clinical trials and nearly 130 vaccines are in development phase. By the end of 2020 several new variants in U.K, South Africa, Brazil and India were reported which caused the second wave of COVID-19, for which new trials of vaccine are running to evaluate the efficacy and safety. Several technical problems are associated regarding the production, storing and supplying of these vaccines. For controlling the epidemic, the major challenge is to produce billions of vaccines and to make it available to the underdeveloped and poorer nations. This extensive review provides the details of the different variants of corona viruses reported in the different regions of the world, current vaccines approved under emergency use which are being administered throughout the globe, on-going and listed clinical trials on different vaccines under study for possible use in Covid-19 virus and future challenges associated with Covid-19 scenario.

POLIGAMI DALAM PERSPEKTIF SYADZ AD-DZARI’AH

In this study we try to describe polygamy in the perspective of Syadz adz-Dzari'ah, namely prevention, because it is feared that there will be conflicts within the family, between wives and husbands, between other wives, and between children. This research is a comparative literature study, the study material comes from literature sources. The technique of collecting data is by means of observation data collection (organizing data). Second, through library research. namely seeing, observing, seeking. The approach uses qualitative. The data were then collected and analysis techniques were carried out. The results of the data analysis were written in descriptive form. Data analysis used the content analysis stage, comparative analysis (content analysis and differentiating analysis). analyzing polygamy in the perspective of Syad ad-Dzari'ah. Polygamy when it causes ongoing conflicts and is unable to provide legal solutions, it is better to avoid it because when conflicts and disputes occur, the household will not be realized as sakinah mawaddah wa rahmah and barakah families. Even though marriage aims to find happiness, tranquility, blessings and all one's actions after marriage have the value of worship.

Ipung Novel by Prie Gs and Sang Alkemis Novel by Paulo Coelho (Comparative Literature Study)

Literary works in Indonesia, including novels, both in terms of ideas and content, are heavily influenced by works from abroad. This influence is caused by many things, for example Indonesian writers who idolize foreign writers, similarities in social situations and conditions, or even unplanned similarities because Indonesian writers unconsciously intensively read one of the works of foreign writers. This research attempts to compare the novel Ipung by Prie GS with the novel the Alchemist by Paulo Coelho. Comparisons are only limited to pouring out the ideas, genres, and motives contained in the two novels. This research is a descriptive qualitative research that describes a number of ideas, genres, and motives concerning the basic issues of creation, and the message can be expressed accuratel. Based on the research results, it was stated that the novel Sang Alkemis by Paulo Coelho influenced Prie GS novel Ipung, both in terms of ideas, genres, and motives.

Translation or Intertextuality: A Literature Comparative Analysis of “The Young Dead Soldiers Do Not Speak” by Archibald MacLeish and “Krawang Bekasi” by Chairil Anwar

This study aims to pinpoint the relevant relation between two literary works which have a relationship with one another in the perspective of comparative literature studies. Data were gathered through the text deconstruction theory method by means of an intertextuality approach. The method is applied to juxtapose two well-known poems, Krawang Bekasi (Indonesia) and The Young Dead Soldiers Do Not Speak (America), which are suspected of having the same content and theme, but their relations were never revealed. This thematic-based study uses a multicultural perspective and is naturally suitable for comparative literature study. The objective of this study was to reveal the existence of Krawang Bekasi as one of the Indonesian poems written by Chairil Anwar and to demonstrate the cultural translation methods, known as cultural intertexts relation, for finding the intertextuality of two literary works. In fact, by tabling line through line, the intertextuality was found to be workable in comparative literature. As a result, the study shows that Krawang Bekasi by Chairil Anwar is an adaptation which borrows from and transforms The Young Dead Soldiers Do Not Speak by Archibald MacLeish. Thus, the intertextual relationship of these two works is revealed.

Identity Crisis suffered by the Women Protagonists in the Novels of Arundhati Roy and Kiran Desai: A Comparative Study

Identity crisis is one of the most dominating thematic concerns in the novels of Arundhati Roy and Kiran Desai. Sucked into the vortex of ascribed and achieved identities, the characters portrayed by these two authors struggle to create their personal identity and individuality. Roy has dwelt on the idea of identity on several platforms, be it on the page or stage. She has an in-depth understanding of individual and collective identities. On the other hand, Desai focuses on multiculturalism and dislocation in families that pose athreat to one’s social, civic and cultural identity. Her works offer some fresh insights into diaspora identity. This paper critically examines identity crisis suffered by the women protagonists in the novels of Roy andDesai within the comparative literature study framework by focusing on the method of thematology. Roy mulls over the significance of women in families and society. There is no dispute regarding their inevitable role, but their status is definitely a matter of debate. In her debut novel, Roy speaks freely about the concerns of women, but the issue of identity crisis outdoes in her second novel due to the polyphonic sounds of her women characters. Desai, to the contrary, presents an idealistic picture of Indian women. This paper delineates that Roy and Desai unearths various dimensions of womanhood in general and wifehood in particular. Both Roy and Desai deal with the issue of identity against the socio-cultural backdrop of India. They depict a panoramic view of identity crisis faced by women.

COMPARATIVE LITERATURE STUDY OF MOTIF DIFFERENCES IN RAGNAROK AND THE BOOK OF REVELATION

This research aims to formulate the similarities and the differences of the death motif employed in Ragnarok and the Book of Revelation. Both of these stories use the same motif of death but with different portrayal and explanation of the death. The data used in this research are Ragnarok in the epic poem Voluspa and the Book of Revelation in the Bible. This research utilizes qualitative descriptive method and the theory of Genetic Structuralism to dissect the data. The steps are identifying the motifs, interpreting the motifs, and comparing the result. The findings show that even though the death motifs are prevalent in these two works, the themes riding the motifs are different. This happens because of the different collective subjects and the worldviews in which the works are created.