scholarly journals The new paradigm of designing construction composites to protect the human environment

Vestnik MGSU ◽  
2019 ◽  
pp. 1241-1257 ◽  
Author(s):  
Valery S. Lesovik ◽  
Ekaterina V. Fomina
Keyword(s):  
Construction Industry ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The negative effects of the environment is increasingly reflected in the health of the human. With the development of nature-like technologies, the main task of scientists around the world is to create comfortable conditions for human existence on the Earth. This primarily relates to the construction industry, as materials for 80 to 90 % of his/her life surround the human. The purpose of the work is to develop the fundamental foundations for creating new generation composites to protect the human environment based on transdisciplinary approaches, including the theoretical principles of geonics (geomimetics). Materials and methods. The work was based on the study and analysis of published sources and personal experience. The new paradigm of science is based on transdisciplinary research with transferring cognitive patterns between disciplines. To test the results of theoretical studies, high-tech equipment and modern research methods, such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy, scanning and atomic force microscopy, IR spectral analysis, thermal analysis methods, etc. were used at the Shared-Use Center on the base of BSTU named after V.G. Shukhov, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, RAS Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics named after V.A. Kotelnikov and NIISF RAASN. Results. Generalized view of innovative practical and scientific activity allowed formulating the problems of innovative development of construction materials science, where the main constraint is the lack of use of available knowledge from various fields of science, such as physics, chemistry, crystal chemistry, mineralogy, etc. in terms of transdisciplinarity. The focus is on the multi-component materials, which are designed on the base of the synergism of different physical and chemical parameters. Conclusions. Transdisciplinary nature of new science-intensive research allows solving complex problems in the traditional, allied and new fields of science, more efficient using natural, energy and financial resources, as well as facilitates the development of new paradigms of engineering. Implementation of such approaches has already yielded to obtain a new generation of composites protecting people from the impact of aggressive environmental factors and will enable innovative breakthroughs in the future. Acknowledgements. The research was realized owing to the resources of the State Programme of the Russian Federation “Development of Sciences and Technologies” for the years 2013 to 2020, the Programme of fundamental scientific research of the State Academies of Sciences for the years 2013 to 2020, within the framework of the Plan of fundamental scientific research of the Ministry of Construction Industry, Housing and Utilities Sector of the Russian Federation and Russian Academy of Architecture and Construction Sciences, Topic 7.5.1.; a reference university development programme based on BSTU named after V.G. Shoukhov with use of equipment of the High Technology Center at BSTU named after V.G. Shoukhov.

scholarly journals Digital sovereignty of Russia: barriers and new development tracks

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-49
Author(s):  
Mikhail N. Dudin ◽  
◽  
Sergey V. Shkodinsky ◽  
Daler I. Usmanov ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
National Economy ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Validity And Reliability ◽  
Scientific Methods ◽  
Digital Infrastructure ◽  
The Russian Federation

Subject/Topic. The article is devoted to the study of the concept, parameters, barriers and scenarios for ensuring the digital sovereignty of the Russian Federation in the era of Industry 4.0. Methodology. To study the concept of digital sovereignty as a scientific shortage, the authors used general scientific methods (observation, comparison, measurement, analysis and synthesis, the method of logical reasoning), when conducting an analytical study of indicators of the digital maturity of the national economy of the Russian Federation, the dynamics of high-tech challenges and threats specific scientific methods were used (static analysis, expert assessments, graphical method), to form scenarios of the future trajectory of the development of digital sovereignty, methods of strategic management – SWOT analysis, PEST analysis, Foresight tools. The validity and reliability of the results of scientific research is ensured by the correctness and rigor of the construction of the logic and research scheme. Scientific and applied research of Russian and foreign scientists in the field of innovative development, digital economy and public administration was used as a methodological and fundamental basis for the study. The initial statistical data for the analysis were taken from open sources of thematic reviews and analytical reports of the consulting agencies VC.RU, the Ministry of Economic Development of the Russian Federation, the Skolkovo Research Center, Digital IQ, PWC, statistical collections of the Higher School of Economics and Rosstat. Results. Currently, digital sovereignty is considered from a political, economic and technological point of view, which determines the presence of a pluralism of points of view on its meaningful definition in the scientific literature. The authors propose to understand by digital sovereignty the criterion of sustainability of the architecture of a socio-economic business model in front of external and internal digital challenges and threats of various origins, as well as its ability to adapt and proactively protect its own interests in the digital sphere. The development of the digital sovereignty of the Russian Federation is presented according to four scenarios: 1st – the Russian Federation is unable to build an effective national infrastructure and is dependent on these groups, digital sovereignty has become an object and means of influence of world leaders on the behavior of entire states and allied formations, an emphasis on military the political role of digital sovereignty; 2nd – the Russian Federation joins the digital infrastructure to the Asian group, and the Chinese conglomerate pursues a policy of soft absorption with the gradual assimilation of the cultural and value paradigms of the population into non-Chinese paradigms; 3rd – the collapse of the oligo-polistic power, the FAMGA group (USA) and the BAT group (China), the entire world economy is being reshaped into autonomous digital ecosystems that build relationships among themselves on the principles of win-win partnership; 4th – the USA, EU, Russia is actively developing digital infrastructure in Asia, Africa, South America to form a new colonial system built on the basis of digital technologies. Conclusions/Relevance. As part of the scientific study, it was found that the digital sovereignty of the state directly depends on the level of digital maturity of the national economy and the digital responsibility of society's behavior. Taking into account the passage of the global economic system to the point of no return – the onset of the era of Industry 4.0 - the issue of ensuring the digital sovereignty of the state is becoming a new priority in the agenda for future development. Application. The results obtained in the process of scientific research can be used by the authorities and management as a theoretical and practical basis for making appropriate decisions in the field of improving the processes of digital transformation of various levels of society, and by business representatives – for adjusting business development strategies based on taking into account relevant digital challenges and threats.

Budgetary Regulation in the Context of Preventing the Consequences of the Spread of a New Coronavirus Infection in the Russian Federation

Lex Russica ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (2) ◽  
pp. 64-79
Author(s):  
R. V. Tkachenko
Keyword(s):  
Public Relations ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Society ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Legal Forms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Budget System

The paper is devoted to the examination of issues related to the increasing importance of budgetary regulation for the proper functioning of a modern innovative society. The key role of the budgetary regulation in the financial process of the State is particularly acute in the context of systemic crises that include socio-economic consequences caused by the spread of a new coronavirus infection (COVID-19) in Russia. In the course of the study, the features of changes in the state financial policy caused by the above-mentioned crisis phenomena are highlighted. The paper describes various approaches to the interpretation of the budgetary regulation as a category of financial law, explores various types and legal forms of methods of the budgetary regulation, analyses mechanisms and the impact of the State on the budget system through the existing legal structure of the budgetary regulation. It is determined that the rules of financial law governing the whole complex of public relations concerning the distribution and redistribution of the national product between the levels of the budget system of the Russian Federation constitute the institution of financial law, namely: the budgetary regulation. The author concludes that the approach based on the concentration of basic powers in the financial field at the federal level significantly slows down the dynamics of development of economic activity in the majority of regions of Russia, while the need for breakthrough innovative development of Russian society determinates the expansion of long-term tax sources of income for regional budgets. In this regard, it is proposed to consolidate additional regulation for revenues gained by regional and local budgets in the form of targeted deductions from federal taxes on a long-term basis.

New coronavirus infection as an occupational disease: complex expert cases

2021 ◽  
Vol 61 (11) ◽  
pp. 720-725
Author(s):  
Railya V. Garipova ◽  
Leonid A. Strizhakov ◽  
Yuri Yu. Gorblyansky ◽  
Sergey A. Babanov
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Healthcare Workers ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
The State ◽  
Production Factor ◽  
Professional Activity ◽  
Production Environment ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

Introduction. The professional activity of medical workers (MW) is in close contact with daily contact with various factors of the production environment: physical, chemical, biological, and labor processes. Until 2020, tuberculosis and viral hepatitis prevailed in the structure of occupational diseases (OD) of the medical workers in the Russian Federation. According to the State report "On the state of sanitary and epidemiological welfare of the population in the Russian Federation in 2020," the first ranking the second place in the structure of occupational diseases, depending on the impact of harmful production factor took the illnesses associated with the action of biological factors - 20,19%, while the main reason for the growth in the incidence of healthcare workers in coronavirus infection COVID-19 (further COVID-19). The study aims were to identify problematic aspects in the establishment of the COVID-19 work from MW. Materials and methods. We have given descriptions of clinical cases, as well as a retrospective analysis of issues of OD according to the patient registers of the following medical institutions: the Center of Occupational Pathology of Sechenov University, the Republican Center of Occupational Pathology of the Ministry of Health, Republic of Tatarstan, the Regional Center of Occupational Pathology of the Samara Region. Results. In 2020, COVID-19 was the most common OD with fatal outcomes and complications in healthcare workers. Today, difficulties in determining the connection of COVID-19 with the profession arise when assessing the epidemiological history, the consequences after a coronavirus infection, and the formulation of the diagnosis. Conclusions. For a qualitative examination of the connection of COVID-19 with the profession, it is necessary to develop a list of clinical conditions with the definition of the timing of complications.

scholarly journals International Migration as a Factor of Social and Economic Development of Russia

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 37-46
Author(s):  
I. I. Glebkova ◽  
T. A. Dolbik-Vorobey
Keyword(s):  
Economic Development ◽  
Population Growth ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Migration Policy ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Indicators ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact ◽  
External Migration ◽  
Demographic Policy

Purpose of research. The article examines the human potential of the Russian Federation in the context of the established second wave of the demographic crisis. The article analyzes the state of the number, composition and structure of the population of the Russian Federation during the first (1992–2012) and second demographic crisis (2016 and up to the present), taking into account the factors of population reproduction (birth rate and mortality) and migration inflows to the country. Factors and causes of external migration with the CIS countries are identified, as they have been and remain the main donors for replenishing the population of the Russian Federation. On the basis of analytical indicators of dynamics and methods of statistical relationships, an assessment of external migration growth and its impact on the country's economy is carried out. Special attention is paid to measures taken at the state level to stabilize and improve migration problems.Materials and methods. The information base of the study is statistical data and analytical information on external migration flows, based on statistical surveys conducted in the country. The methodological basis of the research is represented by statistical methods of information analysis: comparative analysis, structural and dynamic analysis, analysis of the interrelationships of migration and economic indicators.Results. The article analyzes in detail the results of current events in the country during periods of demographic decline and population growth since 1992. Due to the demographic policy implemented in the country, as well as the peculiarities of the age and gender structure of the population, it is proved that the main component for population growth is still the migration inflow. Special attention is paid to external labor migration in recent years. The impact of migration growth on economic indicators (unemployment rate, real wages, index of physical volume of GDP) and the development of the economy as a whole are estimated. Also, on the scale of the State National Policy Strategy being implemented until 2025, state measures to stabilize and improve the situation in the field of migration policy are presented and analyzed.Conclusion. Due to the fact that migration policy is a defining component of demographic policy, which is currently one of the priorities of the state's development, it is advisable to regularly study external migration as one of the most important sources of replenishment of human capital and hence the development of the country's economy. Therefore, the government of the Russian Federation should pay special attention to measures to attract foreign highly qualified labor force in active working age; providing foreign students who have successfully completed their studies and defended their diplomas in Russian universities with the opportunity to find a job in our country in order to obtain Russian citizenship and create a family in Russia. As well as carrying out regular monitoring studies on adaptation of foreign citizens, taking into account regional peculiarities of development of economy of our country, because today in the conditions of demographic decline of the Russian population it is one of the main sources of economic development on the geopolitical level, as labor potential – a basis for national economic growth.

scholarly journals SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNOLOGICAL ADVANCEMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 458-485
Author(s):  
Irina Ilina ◽  
◽  
Andrey Klypin
Keyword(s):  
Research And Development ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Technological Development ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Integrated System ◽  
Technological Advancement ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific And Technological Development

Introduction. The article is devoted to the study of the current state of the research and development sector in the Russian Federation during the transition from the first to the second stage of the implementation of the Strategy for the Scientific and Technological Development of the Russian Federation. In addition, the authors also prepare proposals for improving the state scientific and technical policies. Methods. This paper employs theoretical methods, including non-comparative and comparative analysis, cognitive synthesis, abstraction and concretization, systemic approach and structural-functional method. Results and Discussion. The paper presents the dynamics of changes in the key indicators of scientific and technical activity in the Russian Federation as well as significant risks and threats/challenges constraining scientific and technical activities, which are divided into two groups: organisational and economic (internal) challenges and global technological (external) challenges. The main research results are: a set of measures in the framework of the state scientific and technological policy, ensuring the further scientific and technological development of the Russian Federation, including the improvement of the public administration system through the development of mechanisms for financing research and development; creation of favourable conditions for involving enterprises of the real economy and other companies in all stages of research and development; creation of an integrated system for assessing scientific, research and technology results; introduction of a holistic system to support scientific, research, technological and innovation activities, providing targeted support at every stage of the innovation life cycle; introduction and development of the mechanism of scientific diplomacy in Russia; development of science and technology at the regional level; development of mechanisms for involving qualified personnel to scientific activities; development of a holistic system of expertise, monitoring and forecasting for scientific, research and technological activities. Conclusion. Results of this research substantiate the assertion that such areas as science, technology and innovation should operate as a whole structure integrated into the socio-economic system of the country and ensuring the technological selfsufficiency and competitiveness of the national economy.

scholarly journals Influence of the coronavirus pandemic Covid-19 on the activities of the armed forces of the Russian Federation and foreign armies to ensure the defense of the state

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 (3) ◽  
pp. 30-36
Author(s):  
V. Tolstykh ◽  
S. Yampolsky
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Armed Forces ◽  
The State ◽  
Military Command ◽  
Coronavirus Infection ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
And Control ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Command And Control System

In the article, the authors disclose the impact of the crisis caused by the pandemic of the coronavirus COVID-19 on the activities of the armed forces of foreign armies, including the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation to carry out defense tasks. A detailed analysis of the ability of the armed forces to withstand a new coronavirus infection and to help neutralize it both domestically and in the international arena is presented. Separately, the issue of managing forces, means and resources under these conditions was considered and a list of additional requirements for the state and military command and control system in the interests of neutralizing the pandemic was proposed.

scholarly journals Information security of the personality of the subjects of the educational process

2018 ◽  
Vol 55 ◽  
pp. 03011
Author(s):  
Irena Robert ◽  
Viktor Polyakov ◽  
Oleg Kozlov
Keyword(s):  
Information Security ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Process ◽  
Context Information ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
State Registration

The article is devoted to the training of specialists in the field of information security of the personality of participants in the educational process. The theoretical and practical bases of training and promising directions of fundamental and applied scientific research in this field are substantiated and described. The work was carried out within the framework of the State task for the Program of Fundamental Scientific Research of the State Academies of Sciences for 2013-2020 (in the part of RAO) (approved by the Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation of December 3, 2012 No. 2237-r) within the theme “Development of the Informatization of Education in the Context information security of the person” (the state registration No 14.07.00.20.01.04).

PROBLEMS OF PROMOTING RUSSIAN HIGH-TECH, INNOVATIVE AND OTHER PRODUCTS AND SERVICES TO FOREIGN MARKETS

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (12) ◽  
pp. 74-81
Author(s):  
B. G. KHAIROV ◽  
◽  
P. S. ZOTINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
High Tech ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Information Materials ◽  
Domestic Products

The article covers the promotion of Russian high-tech, innovative and other products and services to foreign markets. The problems of promotion of domestic products abroad are considered in detail. The main directions of solutions to the identified problems are also presented. The work used: a content analysis of regulations and open information materials on the infrastructure for promoting Russian products in foreign markets, a historical retrospective. The article was prepared based on the results of studies carried out at the expense of budget allocations as part of the state task of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation.

From State Law to Administrative Law and administrative process (To the 85th anniversary of the Sector of Administrative Law and administrative process of the Institute of State and Law of the Russian Academy of Sciences)

2021 ◽  
pp. 77
Author(s):  
Margarita N. Kobzar-Frolova
Keyword(s):  
Russian Federation ◽  
Scientific Research ◽  
Administrative Law ◽  
The State ◽  
State Law ◽  
Administrative Process ◽  
Scientific Staff ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Government ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

In 1936, the Institute of State Law of the USSR Academy of Sciences underwent an internal reorganization, as a result of which three sectors were formed, one of which was the public law sector. Since that time, the current Sector of Administrative Law and administrative procedure has its history. In the 20–30s of the XX century, the science of administrative law developed poorly, scientists were subjected to political repression for their scientific beliefs. In the mid-30s, the idea of the death of Administrative Law was even replicated. The leading positions were occupied by the science of management. Meanwhile, the scientific staff of the sector continued to develop the science of Administrative Law. With the beginning of the Great Patriotic War, many of them went to the front. The country noted their exploits with state awards. S.S. Studenikin became the first scientist who defended his dissertation for the degree of PhD in Law in Administrative Law (1940). In the 50–60s, in the Sector work was actively carried out to train young specialists in the field of Administrative Law. The name of the Sector has repeatedly changed, but service to the state and science remained unchanged. In the 60s, new directions of scientific research were formed at the Institute, reflecting the issues of strengthening Soviet democracy, forms and methods of people's participation in the leadership of the state and society, etc. The result of the fruitful work of the staff of the Sector was the publication of a number of monographs on Administrative Law. The political and economic transformations of the 80–90s could not but be reflected in the works of the scientific staff of the Sector. In the late 90s - early 2000s, the direction of research in the Sector changed towards the administrative process and the problems of automated control systems. In 2018, the Sector of Administrative Law and administrative process was established. Currently, the scientific staff of the Sector carries out fundamental, exploratory and applied scientific research on the conceptual problems of Administrative Law, administrative process and Financial, Tax, Budget Law. Actively participates in the work on the reform of administrative and tort legislation, legislation regulating control and supervisory activities, are members of the expert subgroups of the Government of the Russian Federation on the development of the draft of the new Administrative Code of the Russian Federation. During its 85-year history, the Sector has given the country and science a lot of honored scientists and honored lawyers, outstanding scientists who have left significant fruits of their scientific research that will be relevant and in demand for a long time.

scholarly journals Modernization of academic mobility in the period of digitalization of education

2019 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
pp. 00072
Author(s):  
Vladimir Sulimin ◽  
Vladislav Shvedov ◽  
Maya Lvova
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
The State ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Academic Mobility ◽  
Global Challenges ◽  
Organizational Mechanism ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Impact

The issue of academic mobility is one of the most important global challenges during the digitalization of education. In particular, it is important to identify methods and tools that meet international requirements. The issue of increasing the effectiveness of the organizational mechanism of academic mobility is acute in the law “On Education in the Russian Federation.” The main goal is to increase academic mobility and efficiency of mobility in the labor market. The article analyzes the state of development of academic mobility, defines the essence of this period, identifies the types and objectives of academic mobility. The author considers the weaknesses of the documents regulating the problem of a substantiates the necessity and expediency of the development of academic mobility in terms of the impact on the country's economy, and in terms of improving the quality of education.

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