HARMONIZATION PERSPECTIVE FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF STANDARDIZATION IN THE FIELD OF TECHNICAL SERVICE

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 40-48
Author(s):  
Vera A. Kazakova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Field Work ◽  
Environmental Safety ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
Regional Markets ◽  
Maintenance Work ◽  
Cis Countries

Harmonization of standards for modern methods of organization of maintenance and repair, advanced methods of service of agricultural machines (tractors, diesels, combines and others) updates the list of regulatory documents required for the certification of agricultural machinery. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in increasing the quality of repair, maintenance and work in the certification of tractors and agricultural machinery, taking into account new trends by clarifying the list of controlled indicators of technical and information compatibility in accordance with the priority areas of standardization, establishing a list of mandatory routine maintenance work in the certification of repair quality aimed at technical and environmental safety, as well as increasing the competitiveness of Russian goods in the domestic and regional markets. (Materials and methods) The specifics of the work consists in public discussion of draft standards and expertise by specialists of the engineering service and agricultural machinery, interested organizations and enterprises of the Russian Federation and organizations in the member states of the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification of the Commonwealth of Independent States and a detailed analysis of the proposals received. (Results and discussion) The article presents the final versions of the draft standards that meet the conditions of the current state of the machine-technical park and the engineering service of the agro-industrial complex. It summaries of reviews from organizations in Russia and the CIS countries; the draft final version of the standards will be sent for editing and approval to Rosstandart. (Conclusions) For the first time, the types, basic rules and technical requirements for carrying out the procedure for putting into repair and releasing from repair tractors, diesel engines, combines and other machines intended for field work were unified. The implementation of these requirements will improve the quality of repair, reliability and the inter-repair resource of the machine and tractor fleet of the agro-industrial complex.

ORGANIZATIONAL AND TECHNOLOGICAL PRINCIPLES FOR CREATION INNOVATION CENTERS

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (141) ◽  
pp. 40-46
Author(s):  
ZOYA MISHINA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Research Purpose ◽  
Service Research ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technological Equipment ◽  
Technical Service ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Efficient Operation ◽  
Technological Base ◽  
Reliability Of Operation ◽  
Production Areas

Timely conducting of all types of maintenance and routine repairs is possible only in the conditions of an innovative service center, equipped with the necessary equipment and having a complex of facilities to ensure favorable conditions for technical service. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in identifying opportunities for updating the technical service system in the agro-industrial complex by creating innovative service centers to ensure highly efficient operation of agricultural machinery and equipment. (Materials and methods) The system of maintenance in agriculture is characterized by a significant decrease in efficiency due to physical and moral wear of equipment of repair and technical enterprises, low level and insufficient qualification of personnel and managers of enterprises of the agro-industrial complex. The availability of existing enterprises of the agro-industrial complex with production areas is no more than 50 percent, technological equipment is no more than 47 percent, and technological equipment and equipment for jobs are 15 and 40 percent. (Results and discussion) The modernization of the infrastructure of technical service of agricultural machinery is aimed at updating the technological base of machine repair. Repair and technical enterprises do not have the necessary equipment to perform a number of maintenance and routine repairs. The process of developing technical service infrastructure is significantly behind the level of structural and technological complexity of agricultural machinery. Due to technological requirements, complex components and assemblies, such as engines, hydraulic equipment, fuel pumps of domestic and imported agricultural machinery should not be repaired in the conditions of farms. (Conclusions) The high technological level of innovative technical service centers serves as a condition for efficient operation of production, ensuring its stability and reliability of operation, flexibility and adaptability, high intensity and waste-free operation.

Life cycle of self-propelled machinery with waste generation at its disposal

2020 ◽  
pp. 28-35
Author(s):  
Valeriy S. Gerasimov ◽  
Vladimir I. Ignatov ◽  
Konstantin G. Sovin
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycles ◽  
The State ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Secondary Resources ◽  
Branch System ◽  
Additional Funding

According to forecasts for 2022, the number of self-propelled agricultural machinery that will fail will be about 100 thousand units. This will have a significant impact on the overall productivity in the field of agricultural production and will require additional financial costs for effective resource-saving environmental-oriented utilization of agricultural machinery with the maximum recovery of secondary resources in the processing of its components. (Research purpose) The research purpose is considering the main life cycles of machinery, including agricultural, and determining the possibility of obtaining secondary resources in the recycling of components of machinery and equipment. (Materials and methods) The authors found that the establishment of an industry-wide recycling system would allow the reuse of usable and recovered parts obtained from decommissioned equipment, as well as receive additional funding from the sale of secondary resources. The authors have found that for the functioning of the whole system, it is necessary to work with a large amount of data related to the ongoing recycling processes, as well as constantly monitor changes in the state and properties of materials. They also found that the maximum use of digital technology is the only way to combine all these requirements and make the system work. (Results and discussion) The article reviews the key points of the use of life cycle method for equipment, including agricultural, reviews the state of machine and tractor park of agro-industrial complex, shows the possibility of using resource-saving ecologically oriented branch system of recycling of agricultural machinery, as well as the movement of waste and material flows in the processing components of utilized machines. (Conclusion) The article presents recommendations on the possibility of efficient disposal of equipment, including agricultural, with the maximum recovery of secondary resources from recycled waste.

ENSURING QUALITATIVE-ACCURACY CHARACTERISTICS DURING RESTORING OF VEHICLE PARTS

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 116-121
Author(s):  
Nikita A. Pen’kov ◽  
◽  
Oleg A. Sidorkin ◽  
Sergey Yu. Zhachkin ◽  
Anatoliy I. Zavrazhnov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Current Density ◽  
Hydraulic Drive ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Working Fluid ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Servo Valve ◽  
Contact Points ◽  
Drive Systems

One of the most common reasons for the failure of hydraulic drive systems for agricultural machinery is the working fluid leak in the contact points of the rubbing surfaces of hydraulic blocks. The application of composite coatings based on chromium on the contacting surfaces allows you to restore the defect in the shape of the part caused by wear, as well as reduce the friction coefficient at the contact points, which positively affects the wear resistance of the part. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in developing technologies for restoring parts of agricultural machinery with predetermined operational properties. (Materials and methods) A servo valve, widely used in various hydraulic drive systems, was used as an experimental sample. Its working surface was restored with a composite coating applied by electroplating to increase the wear resistance of the servo valve. (Results and discussion) Authors conducted a series of direct measurements under the same conditions. The article presents the de-pendence of the microhardness on the parameters of the electrolysis mode and the thickness of the applied coating using the method of least squares. The nature of changes in microhardness and residual stresses was evaluated to determine the quality of the coatings. The article presents the dependences of these indicators on various control parameters (current density, temperature, tool pressure). The equations of the regression of the main qualitative and accuracy characteristics of the parts were deter-mined using the apparatus of the theory of experimental planning. (Conclusions) The article presents the method for predicting coatings of a given quality, taking into ac-count the influence of the current density and the temperature of the electrolyte during electrolysis on the nature of the precipitation obtained. The influence of the tool pressure on the depth of deformation of the formed layers was estimated. This approach allows us to evaluate the nature of the stress distribution in the formed coating and the quality of the restored parts.

THE CONCEPT OF RECYCLING OF AGRICULTURAL MACHINERY AND THE GENERAL PRINCIPLES OF ITS IMPLEMENTATION

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (144) ◽  
pp. 72-81
Author(s):  
Yuriy V. Katayev ◽  
◽  
Valeriy S. Gerasimov ◽  
Vladimir I. Ignatov ◽  
Nikolay K. Baulin
Keyword(s):  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Specific System ◽  
Effective Utilization ◽  
Foreign Countries ◽  
Environmental Measures ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Working Out

In a broad sense, the utilization of agricultural machinery is a set of technical, organizational, economic, legal, financial and environmental measures to ensure the effective utilization of agricultural machinery, its aggregates (compo-nents of the technical base) at the final stage of the life cycle in order to maximize involvement in economic turnover. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in analyzing the work of foreign and domestic authors related to the formation of a resource-saving, environmentally-oriented system for recycling equipment. (Materials and methods) The article presents diverse studies in various areas, in which various materials and methods were used. Authors used a large amount of data characterizing the possibilities of creating a system for recycling agricultural ma-chinery in the agro-industrial complex of Russia, based on the state of the agricul-tural machine-tractor fleet, its age characteristics and the ability of engineering enterprises to carry out this type of activity. The obtained information was processed using statistical analysis methods. (Results and condemnation) The developed con-cept determines the necessity of creating a specific (industry-specific) system for the disposal of agricultural machinery in the agro-industrial complex of Russia as a component of a unified system for the disposal of machinery. (Conclusions) The conducted research showed that Russia is significantly lagging behind foreign countries in solving the problem of recycling equipment, so the best option can be considered to be working out the recycling mechanism in the process of building a local (industry) recycling system at the regional level. This will allow us to work out the elements of the national system for the disposal of decommissioned equip-ment in a relatively short time with minimal expenditure of various kinds of resources. The article presents the amount of subsidies for the creation of a specific system for the disposal of agricultural machinery in Russia.

ANALYSIS OF FACTORS JUSTIFYING THE NEED TO CREATE A SYSTEM OF "AGRICULTURAL RECYCLING" IN THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX OF RUSSIA

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (142) ◽  
pp. 45-54
Author(s):  
Valeriy Gerasimov ◽  
◽  
Vladimir Ignatov ◽  
Zoya Mishina ◽  
Dar’ya Andreeva
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Solution ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Recycling System ◽  
Agricultural Engineering ◽  
Economic Framework ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Creation

The article outlines the main factors that characterize the rationale for the formation of the "Agricultural Recycling" system with the participation of manufacturing plants, engineering enterprises of the agro-industrial complex and other interested organizations and structures. The most important reason for the formation of the "Agricultural Recycling" system is the need to return to the production and operational sphere of secondary resources in the amount of at least 90-95 percent. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in justifying the optimal solution for the creation of a resource-saving eco-oriented system "Agricultural Recycling". (Materials and methods) The article describes the possibility of forming a system of "Agricultural Recycling" in the Russian agro-industrial complex in the next 2-3 years. Decommissioned agricultural machinery and equipment, as well as their components, are partially disposed (ferrous and non-ferrous metals, tires, batteries, etc.), but the main part of the components of the machines becomes waste, which is placed in landfills, which creates many economic and environmental problems. (Results and discussion) The article presents the main factors justifying the need for the formation of the "Agricultural Recycling" system. One of the most important conditions for the creation of this system, in addition to financial aspects (recycling fee), is the active participation in this project of agricultural machinery manufacturers, agricultural engineering enterprises and other interested organizations and structures, which will allow us to activate the process of reviving production capacities in the agricultural complex for the collection and processing of recycled agricultural machinery, as well as its components. (Conclusions) In Russia, to date, despite the regulatory, legislative and economic framework formed in recent years in the state format, a unified system for the disposal of decommissioned equipment has not been created.

Standard for maintenance of agricultural machinery at the level of expertise

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-19
Author(s):  
Vera A. Kazakova ◽  
Valentina A. Shinkevich ◽  
Anatoliy V. Dunayev
Keyword(s):  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Diagnostic Systems ◽  
Final Version ◽  
Normative Documents ◽  
Draft Standard ◽  
Transmission Oil ◽  
Production And Distribution ◽  
Agricultural Machines

Revision of GOST 20793-2009 standard updates the list of normative documents required for certification of agricultural machinery and will contribute to the improvement of methods of organization of maintenance of modernized tractors and agricultural machines, will allow using modern methods of increasing of their resource. (Research purpose) The research purpose is increasing the efficiency of maintenance of agricultural and forestry tractors and other self-propelled agricultural machines in their operation by optimizing the periods of work, the implementation of express control of lubricating oils, the use of built-in diagnostic systems, organoleptic diagnosis by quality characteristics, as well as the introduction in motor and transmission oil of repair friction components using a special technology. (Materials and methods) The authors noted the need for examination of the draft standard by specialists of the engineering service of the agro-industrial complex and agricultural machinery and a detailed analysis of the comments and suggestions received during development of the final version of the draft standard. The draft standard of the first edition was sent for feedback to specialists, interested organizations and enterprises of the Russian Federation, as well as organizations of neighboring countries. (Results and discussion) Authors have reviewed the comments and suggestions; accepted all editorial comments; agreed bibliographic references and aligned the units of measurement; prepared the final version of the GOST 20793 project, corresponding to the conditions of the current state of the machine-technical park and engineering service of the agro-industrial complex. Authors have sent the draft of the final version for editing and approval to Rosstandart. (Conclusion) The introduction of the improved standard will contribute to improving the efficiency and increasing the service life of worn-out units of agricultural machines, reducing the cost of their technical operation. For the first time, the types and basic rules of the maintenance procedure were unified. The implementation of the requirements of the standard will build the processes of work in the field of production and distribution of products and certification, improve the efficiency of technical service in the agro-industrial complex, resource reliability and efficiency of the machine and tractor fleet.

PROSPECTS FOR THE USE OF CERAMIC MATERIALS FOR THE NEEDS OF THE AGRO-INDUSTRIAL COMPLEX

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (143) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Anatoliy V. Fedotov ◽  
◽  
Aleksey S. Dorokhov ◽  
Dmitriy A. Kovalev
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Crack Resistance ◽  
Porous Ceramic ◽  
Ceramic Materials ◽  
Porous Ceramics ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Highly Porous

As a result of poor quality, parts of tillage equipment have to be replaced 3-7 times a year. One of the reasons is the lack of attention to the possibility of using technical ceramics in agricultural engineering to improve the wear resistance and durability of machine parts. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in assessing the state of research and prospects for the use of ceramic materials in the Russian Federation for the needs of the agro- industrial complex. (Materials and methods) For the experiments has been used nanostructured boehmite obtained by hydrothermal synthesis to improve the properties of materials and coatings. The crack resistance was determined by the indentation method, and the methane content in the biogas was determined by the chromatographic method. (Results and discussion) The article presents the results of the use of aluminum oxide ceramics for the manufacture of parts of tillage equipment, which allows increasing the resource of parts for processing loamy soils by 2.4-4.5 times. The creation of nanocomposites is promising to increase the strength, wear resistance and crack resistance of the material. In the composition of the non-stick coating, the addition of boehmite increases the abrasion strength of the coating and the compressive strength of the samples by 2.2-2.7 times, and improves the quality of casting. The use of highly porous ceramic materials in the gating system helps to reduce waste, reduce production costs, and improve the quality of foundry products. (Conclusions) Ceramic materials due to their high hardness, wear resistance and corrosion resistance are becoming promising for use in the agro-industrial complex. The widespread use of modern ceramic materials as parts of tillage equipment, non-stick coatings and for the filtration of melts will improve the quality of casting, the durability of products, and reduce the cost of their production. Positive results on wastewater treatment with the use of highly porous ceramics allow us to consider it an innovative material for such purposes and it is advisable to continue research in this direction.

COMPREHENSIVE ANALYSIS OF FUEL AND LUBRICANTS ECONOMY SYSTEMS IN THE OPERATION OF MACHINERY

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (143) ◽  
pp. 29-38
Author(s):  
Valeriy S. Gerasimov ◽  
◽  
Vladimir I. Ignatov ◽  
Zoya N. Mishina ◽  
Dar’ya V. Andreyeva
Keyword(s):  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Comprehensive Analysis ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Work Place ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Technical Documentation ◽  
Resource Saving ◽  
Agricultural Enterprises ◽  
Friction Surfaces

The agro-industrial complex of Russia is one of the main consumers of petroleum products. The volume of work in agriculture, the loading of equipment when performing field and transport work place increased demands on the quality of fuels and lubricants. (Research purpose) The research purpose is in compilation of a comprehensive analysis of domestic and foreign sources to obtain detailed characteristics of fuel and lubricants economy systems. (Materials and methods) The article presents the methods of economical use of fuel and lubricants based on domestic and foreign sources, information about the quality and range of oils used in the agro-industrial complex of Russia. The article considers the basics of rational use of waste materials, ways to clean them from contamination, presented technologies and technical means for the recovery (regeneration) of waste oils. (Results and discussion) Currently existing fuel and lubricant saving systems do not fully meet the requirements of resource saving and environmental standards. The use of recommendations, guidelines, regulatory and technical documentation on this problem in the developed system of fuel and lubricants economy will allow consumers of the agro-industrial complex to reduce fuel costs by 7-25 percent; reduce friction losses by 3-5 times; restore the geometry of worn friction surfaces; increase the engine power by 5-10 percent; extend the life of the engine and mechanisms by 8-12 percent. (Conclusions) The developed regulatory framework, theoretical and methodological provisions will allow the management departments of the agro-industrial complex at the regional (district) level and large agricultural enterprises to develop and implement scientifically based solutions for organizing the processes of saving fuel and lubricants during the operation of agricultural machines and aggregates.

Status, trends and problems of Belarusian export of machinery for agriculture (review)

2020 ◽  
pp. 55-65
Author(s):  
I. Kovalev ◽  
M. Kostomakhin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Security ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Agricultural Machinery ◽  
Foreign Markets ◽  
Equal Distribution ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Trading Partners ◽  
The Republic ◽  
Cis Countries ◽  
The Eu

Now in the Republic of Belarus the task of diversification of commercial and geographical structure of export of production of machinery-building branch is especially actual. Directive of the President of the Republic of Belarus No. 3 “About priority directions of strengthening the economic security of the state”, approved by decree No. 26 of January 26, 2016, requires the need to ensure systematic diversification of exports to achieve equal distribution of exports between the three markets: the EAEU, the EU and other countries. The ratio between these markets by 2020 shall be a third – third – third, which will help balance foreign trade of the Republic of Belarus to develop new markets and consolidate our position, reduce the risk of dependence of economic growth from growth in individual countries and trading partners. The largest consumer of Belarusian tractors and other agricultural machinery for many years remains invariably agro-industrial complex of Russia. With Russia’s accession to the WTO and the active rise of its own mechanical engineering, Belarusian industrial enterprises are experiencing some difficulties with the sale of agricultural machinery products and first of all due to a reduction in demand for it in the Russian Federation, which is the main Belarusian foreign economic partner as well as in other CIS countries. In this regard, the leading domestic producers of agricultural machinery are forced to focus on more distant foreign markets.

Research of quality of production of the key connections basic units

2020 ◽  
pp. 106-112
Author(s):  
Anatoliy T. Lebedev ◽  
Roman V. Pavlyuk ◽  
Anton V. Zakharin ◽  
Pavel A. Lebedev ◽  
Nikolay A. Mar’in
Keyword(s):  
Quality Control ◽  
Normal Distribution ◽  
Stress Concentrator ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Research Purpose ◽  
Contact Method ◽  
Technical Requirements ◽  
The Law

When considering the work of key connections with broken geometry of the working surfaces of the units, we can observe that often the key is not properly fixed in the groove of the shaft and sleeve and when rotating the coupling, it skews and perceives the transmitted torque unevenly at some point, which is a stress concentrator. (Research purpose) The research purpose is to increase the durability of keyways by preventing failures through quality control of the manufacture of their basic units. (Materials and methods) Authors have noted that the standard keyway has three fitments: "shaft-hub", "shaft-keyway" and "hub-keyway". It was shown that in these couplings the manufacturer provided gaps of various sizes for the convenience of disassembly and assembly of the connection, directly affecting the performance and durability of the connection as a whole. The geometric dimensions of keyway coupling were monitored by contact method using electronic micrometers MCC-25, MCC-50 and MCC-75 to measure the width of the keys and the diameter of the shafts and indicator nutromers NI-18 and NI-50 with an indicator head 1IG for keyways and internal diameters of pulleys. (Results and discussion) It has been revealed that the dispersion of the tolerance fields of the key width coincides with the law of normal distribution. It was found the presence of defects in width in the supplied keys, the value of which reached 15 percent. It was determined that the technical requirements for hardness and roughness corresponded to GOST 23360-78. It was noticed when checking the diametrical dimensions of the coupling "shaft-sleeve" the presence of deviations from the technical conditions, which during assembly can lead to the formation of a large gap in the keyway coupling. (Conclusions) Performed theoretical and experimental studies have allowed to establish the probability of obtaining gaps and tightness in common key coupling.

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