scholarly journals Russian Language in Schools of Soviet Uzbekistan (the 30s–80s of the 20th century)

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 194-207
Author(s):  
Nodira A. Mustafaeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Landscape ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Local Population ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Engineering Project ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Migration ◽  
National Languages ◽  
The Russian Language

The massive introduction of the study of the Russian language by the Soviet authorities in the schools of Uzbekistan entailed significant changes in the social and cultural landscape of the republic. The Bolshevik state, which carried out a mass experiment to create a “new society” and a “new man” for the first time in history, considered language as an object of special manipulations aimed at achieving certain, not quite linguistic goals. The sphere of application of the Russian language in Soviet Uzbekistan was constantly expanding. The period under review was also marked by a change in the vocabulary fund. A tendency to supplement the national vocabulary with words of Soviet-international origin began to manifest; the words and expressions contained in the potential of national languages, which once used by representatives of the previous generation intelligentsia, gradually started to go out of use. The situation began to worsen due to the multilingualism that arose in different years as a result of the evacuation and migration of the population to Uzbekistan. The number of multilingual speakers increased as a result of the introduction of the local population to industrial forms of production and inclusion in the appropriate social and cultural environment. The large-scale social and cultural engineering project undertaken by the Soviet state to ensure the compulsory teaching of the Russian language led to significant changes in the social and cultural contours of Uzbekistan society; and what is more, it influenced the forms of cultural identity of the indigenous population.

scholarly journals LANGUAGE ORIENTATIONS OF THE POPULATION OF BASHKORTOSTAN ACCORDING TO ETHNOSOCIOLOGICAL SURVEYS

2021 ◽  
pp. 147-153
Author(s):  
Aigul Khaliulina ◽  
◽  
Elina Idrisova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Teaching And Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Native Languages ◽  
Communicative Functions ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Languages ◽  
The Russian Language

The problems of language preferences of the population of the multinational Republic of Bashkortostan are considered. Despite the widespread use of the communicative functions of the Russian language, national languages are also used on a fairly large scale in the republic, including in the field of education, mass media and in everyday life. As the data of ethnosociological surveys show, the linguistic guidelines of the population of the republic are aimed at further preservation and multiplication of national languages. It has been established that non-Russian peoples in the republic are interested in teaching and learning their native languages in the schools of the republic. In a market economy, despite financial and economic difficulties, the population writes out and reads periodicals in their native language.

scholarly journals The Russian language functioning outside Russia: specifics of using the «national» type of language

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (26) ◽  
pp. 101-106
Author(s):  
Mariya E. Avakyan ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Values ◽  
Social Institution ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
National Language ◽  
Linguistic Features ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Media ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Language

The article examines functioning of the Russian language outside the Russian Federation: the peculiarities of the «national» Russian language in the Republic of Armenia, the concept of this term itself, the significance of using Russian in the media, overlapping national features. The main characteristics of the «national» Russian language outside Russia are considered to be as follows: the language is seen as an «advocate» of necessary national ideas and a real opportunity to transmit national ideas, thoughts, messages and information in a language of international communication. The development of the social institution of the «national language» in the future will largely determine the preservation of national cultural, educational as well as political and economic unity with Russia. We should not forget that professional journalistic activity is, first and foremost, a verbal activity. And the professional culture of journalists depends on how well they master the language. The linguistic features of the Russian-language media in Armenia present a rather broad spectrum of issues possible and relevant for consideration. The national variant is a certain form of adapting the classical literary language to the traditions and cultural values, to the urgent needs of a particular nation, thus becoming a special form of functioning of the language common for the nation.

scholarly journals Realities of bilingualism in the context of language policy in modern Bashkortostan

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Aigul Ilyasovna Khaliulina ◽  
Murat Nilovich Ishemgulov ◽  
Elina Failevna Idrisova
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
Native Language ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Population Census ◽  
Language Competence ◽  
Wide Scale ◽  
The Republic ◽  
National Languages ◽  
The Russian Language

The subject of this research is bilingualism in the context of language policy in modern Bashkortostan. Special attention is given to actualization of the ethno-lingual identity of non-Russian population in the republic. Leaning on the ethnosociological studies, the author examine the scale of proliferation of national-Russian bilingualism in Bashkortostan, analyze the key markers in selection of the native language among some ethnic groups, as well as determine the role of Russian language as a language of interethnic communication. The novelty of this work lies in the attempt to determine the intensity of usage of national languages of non-Russian peoples and their interaction with the Russian language based on the wide-scale ethnosociological studies. The acquired results demonstrate that among Bashkir population, the native language still prevails over Russian by the level of language competence; while among urban Tatars, the Russian language has noticeably exceeded the native language of communication. At the same time, the results of ethnosociological research, confirming the results of the All-Russia Population Census of 2010 on the language competence of the residents of Bashkortostan, testify to the fact that their speech activity is oriented mostly towards learning Russian than the language of their ethnicity.

scholarly journals Языковая ситуация в Республике Мордовия: основные тенденции развития

2020 ◽  
Vol 51 (3) ◽  
pp. 196-205
Author(s):  
Alexander V. Martynenko
Keyword(s):  
Russian Language ◽  
Republic Of Moldova ◽  
Cultural Organizations ◽  
Wait And See ◽  
Points Of View ◽  
The Republic ◽  
High Level ◽  
National Languages ◽  
Further Development ◽  
The Russian Language

The article analyzes the language situation in the modern Republic of Mordovia (RM), which is a multi-ethnic region. The main ethnic groups in the republic are Russians, Mordovians and Tatars. Mordva is comprised of two subgroups – Erzya and Moksha. The dominance of the Russian language in the republic is obvious, which is due to the assimilation processes that has been taking place in the region for many decades. At the same time, Mordovian languages are taught in the schools of the Republic of Moldova; there are national (Moksha, Erzya, Tatar) schools, national newspapers and magazines, programs on national languages on the republican television and radio. However, ethno-cultural organizations of the Republic of Moldova consider it necessary to further expand state support for the Mordovian and Tatar languages. Among the national intelligentsia, primarily teachers and scholars of philology, there are two main points of view regarding further development of Mordovian languages. The first one supports separate development of the Moksha and Erzya languages. The second one does not actually contradict to it, but considers it necessary to create a unified literary Mordovian language based on the synthesis of Moksha and Erzya. Activists of the Foundation for the Salvation of the Erzyan Language, who consider this move as another step towards the “artificial assimilation” of the Erzyan, strongly oppose this project. The discussion about a single literary Mordovian language has been excessively politicized. Neither the leaders of Mordovia, nor the supporters of such a language aim to enforce it to population. A significant part of the Moksha and Erzya intelligentsia preferred to wait and see rather than oppose to the project. To sum up, the linguistic factor in Mordovia is closely interconnected with the ethno-political situation. At the same time, the identified problems of linguistic situation in the Republic of Moldova did not undermine the high level of ethnic tolerance typical for Mordovia and the entire Volga region.

scholarly journals Ukraine at the context of the language politics in the middle of the 1940-s - the end of the 1980-s (on the example of Dnipropetrovsk region)

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 46-64
Author(s):  
Oleksandr Nikiliev
Keyword(s):  
World War Ii ◽  
Everyday Life ◽  
Professional Education ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Science Culture ◽  
Nursery Schools ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Language

It was highlighted the process and was analysed the reasons pf spreading Russian language and narrowing the sphere of the using Ukrainian language in Ukraine in the second part of the 1940s-1980-s. On the materials of Dnipropetrovs’k region, one of the most developed region of the republic in the agrarian and agricultural sphere, it was shown that it was caused by the politics of the highest state-party leadership of the URSR and the most powerful agricultural construction in the first afterwardecade in the region's towns/cities during that the wide-involvement of the significant mass of people happened from different territories of the Soviet state and their subsidence on the permanent residence in the cities that made the using of Russian language objectively acceptable as the language of the international communication. The combination of these two factors contributed the large-scale deterioration of the Russian language in all spheres of production , administrative and managerial, cultural, everyday life and in the production, was identified the russification of the high, secondary special and professional education, general schools, nursery schools. Russian language became the language of the everyday life for the majority of the urban population. It was detected that the same tendencies started to appear in the village environment. It was analysed the forms and methods of its russification. The attention is focused on the factors that was promoted the wide-spreading and the fixing of the Russian language in the region. The serious influence on this situation had the policy that began to do in the USRS after the ending of the World War II on the initiative of the secretary of the CPSU Zhdanov A. It was called «zhdanivshchyna». The new outbreak of repression was happened during this period that was directed against scientific and creative intelligence. It was happened under the slogan of the struggle with "crawl" in front of west with "the rootless cosmopolitanism", "nationalism", the departure from marxism-leninism doctrine in science, culture, art. It is indicated that, as a result of such policy of the state, the region evolved from monolingual to bilingual. It's known that the situation with permanent ringing of the using of Ukrainian language didn't wick the negative among the population of the region. This position was based on the socially-economic factors (the best security of the industrial and grocery goods, higher salary compared to non-industrial regions, and the level and quality of life). The narrowing of the language sphere of the most Ukrainian ethnic region testified about the inorganic nature of the processes of the language policy in the Republic and the great role of the party-stare leadership in a sphere of the region russification. It's assigned that the process of russification supervised by the manifestations of anger up to the national history, culture, the perception of everything Ukrainian as less valuable. It's shown the demographic intertance of the carried out policy.

Language as a Factor in the New Identity Formation (Illustrated by Central Asian States)

2019 ◽  
pp. 175-187
Author(s):  
Tetiana Liashenko
Keyword(s):  
Central Asia ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Political Space ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Positive Image ◽  
Central Asian ◽  
The Russian Federation ◽  
National Languages ◽  
The Russian Language

Attempts to build a “Russian world” within the former Soviet republics of Central Asia by introducing an idea of a single linguistic, cultural and political space with the Russian Federation are studied in the article. The threats to the Central Asian countries’ information space are analyzed. The data on gradual changing of orientations of the Central Asian states’ citizens when choosing sources of information is provided. It is concluded that the technologies of the Russian Federation’s propaganda in Central Asia are aimed primarily at the formation of the president of Russia positive image among the widest possible groups of population. Attempts to push so-called “the Russian world”, which already jeopardize global peaceful balance, are grounded, in particular, on a widespread use of the Russian language within the territories of the former USSR that serves to propagate an idea of a single linguistic, cultural and political space. At the same time, a revival and development of national languages and cultures are intensively ongoing in all new independent states. It provokes a confrontation that often causes points of tension and conflicts. A large number of the Russian media, including federal state editions, TV channels. the Sputnik news agency etc. operates in Central Asian information space. Using own controlled media, the Kremlin seeks to convince the Central Asian states’ citizens that the Russia’s foreign policy is a right one, as well as to form a positive image of Russia and president Putin as a politician who is capable to ensure stability and security in the Central Asian region. The Russian Federation pays a special attention to Eastern Kazakhstan, where a large number of ethnic Russians is concentrated. Kazakhstan has much in common with Ukraine on its ethnic population composition, economic situation and geographical proximity to Russia. As in Ukraine, the ethnic Russians make up about 1/5 of the population in Kazakhstan, meanwhile the Russian language is widely used in all spheres. Russia calls its initiative a “humanitarian project”, but there is no doubt that the Kremlin is fighting for minds of younger generation, trying to impose own culture and values on young people. Recently, while alternative sources of information have been spreading, more and more Central Asian habitants opt for online information in their national languages, considering Russianspeaking news resources to be a propaganda.

The Russian Language In the Social Networks

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40
Author(s):  
Селеменева ◽  
O. Selemeneva
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Social Needs ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Russian Language ◽  
Written Speech

The article examines the problem of the functioning of the Russian language in the texts of the online social networks as means of realization of the social needs and the organization of the communication between people. The author supposes that such texts are a mirror of the state of the Russian society and the Russian language. The dominance of the factual tone of Internet discourse, orientation on the dialogue, emotion and aggression of the communication leads to the changes in the representation of the verbalized and non-verbalized knowledge, to the increase of the ways of language compression, to the use of the constructions of expressive syntax, to the fall of the culture of written speech. Slang and colloquial vocabulary with terminology at the same time, segmented structures, emoticons, the reduplication of the punctuation marks, the abbreviation, the allocation of front are used in the texts of social networks.

scholarly journals The Translator as a Mediator in the Dialogue of Literatures

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 357
Author(s):  
Yuanchun Li ◽  
Landysh G. Latfullina ◽  
Elvira F. Nagumanova ◽  
Alsu Z. Khabibullina
Keyword(s):  
Large Time ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
The Other ◽  
Original Text ◽  
The World ◽  
Word Translation ◽  
Foreign Work ◽  
National Languages ◽  
The Russian Language

<p>The article raises the issue of translating the works of national literatures through an intermediate language since most of the works of the peoples of Russia find their readers in the world thanks to the Russian language. The urgency of this problem is obvious in modern conditions when the interest in Turkic-speaking literature is growing, and many Russian poets, like in the Soviet era, see themselves as the translators from national languages. On the example of the translation of the poem «tɵshtǝgechǝ bu kɵn – sǝer Һǝm iat …» (“the day is like a dream”) of the contemporary poetess Yulduz Minnullina both the strengths and the weaknesses of the modern translation school are considered. The word for word translation can lead to the unification of differences between literatures when the dominant language (the Russian language) imposes certain aesthetic principles on the original text. The most important aspect of the topic of interest is the consideration of the role of interlinear translation in the establishment of interliterary dialogue. Through interlinear translation a foreign work, endowed with its special world of ideas, images, national and artistic traditions, serves as the basis for dialogical relations that are indispensable for both the Russian-speaking reader who discovers the “other” literature, and the very work that is included in the dialogue in the “large time”. At the same time, the elimination of differences between literatures occurs when the translator, through the Russian language, by means of line-by-line translation, introduces the features of his own consciousness into a foreign work. In this case, the translation simplifies the content of the literature, equalizes the artistic merits, thereby projecting the life of the work onto communication, rather than dialogue.</p>

scholarly journals Mapping of transformation processes in the ethnodemographic space of the Crimea

2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-291
Author(s):  
Igor Voronin ◽  
Kseniya Sikach ◽  
Galina Sazonova ◽  
Alexandra Shvets
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Crimean Peninsula ◽  
Religious Buildings ◽  
Cultural Processes ◽  
The Crimea ◽  
Natural Movement ◽  
Regional Community ◽  
The Republic ◽  
And Migration ◽  
The Crimean Peninsula

The article presents and summarizes the results of mapping transformational processes in the demographic and ethno-confessional space of the Crimea. Map plots reflect the options for visualizing data on demographic, ethnic and religious processes in the Republic of Crimea and the city of Sevastopol over the past decades. The maps illustrate the dynamics of the population size and density, its natural movement, the balance of migration, marriage and divorce, territorial features of the settlement of large and small ethnic groups of the Crimea, the placement of religious buildings and religious communities on its territory. Maps of rural settlement and the appearance of villages with endangered populations were created and analyzed. The types of dynamics of demographic, ethnic and confessional situations in the Crimea are determined. The analysis of the peculiarities of the dynamics of the ethnodemographic space of the Crimea during the change of its political subjectivity is carried out. The main spatial patterns of the processes that form the modern portrait of the population of the Crimean Peninsula are revealed. The conclusion is made about the possibility of cartographic study of the demographic and ethno-confessional specifics of the territory after preliminary differentiation of socio-cultural processes within its boundaries into large-scale and local ones. This allows us to clarify not only the spatial, but also the essential markers of their occurrence. In modern Crimea, large-scale transformational socio-cultural processes should include all the reproductive and migration changes that are the result of demographic breakdowns that began in the 1990s. The processes of changing its ethnic and confessional spaces should be considered local in Crimea. Their mapping revealed the narrowing nature of such a phenomenon as the polyethnicity of the territory of the Crimean Peninsula. Cartographic study of socio-cultural processes in the Crimea confirmed the author’s hypothesis that the Crimean regional community has not completed the process of post-Soviet transformation and continues to support the development trends established at the end of the twentieth century.

scholarly journals The features of the modern language trilingual’s policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan under conditions of modernization of public consciousness

2020 ◽  
Vol 132 (3) ◽  
pp. 36-43
Author(s):  
S.K. Zhalmagambetova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Language Policy ◽  
National Culture ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
The State ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Modern Language ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Scientific Terms ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Russian Language

The article analyzes the features of the modern language trilingual’s policy in the Republic of Kazakhstan under conditions of modernization of public consciousness. The author studies cause and effect relationships of the occurrence of this phenomenon in the state, assesses the prospects for its development, identifies the difficulties faced by the Kazakhstan’s society on the path to introducing trilingual’s, and shows the current development priorities of the linguistic personality of the most developed countries of the world. Nowadays many difficulties arise in the way of ensuring a new language policy in Kazakhstan, caused by the fact that the Kazakh language lacks many scientific terms and concepts. Their use in the state has always been provided by the Russian language. At the same time, a number of scholars evaluate the transition to the Latin alphabet as a destructive phenomenon in language policy that can harm the Kazakh language and national culture. At the same time, experts offer acceptable options for solving emerging problems and

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