scholarly journals Media Screen time, Physical Activity and Nutritional Indicators as Risk Factors for Childhood and Adolescent Overweight and Obesity in Aguas Zarcas, Costa Rica.

2014 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 181-186
Author(s):  
Chloe Souza
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Costa Rica ◽  
Video Game ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Related Risk

Childhood obesity is an increasingly serious issue worldwide. There is substantial research that explores health problems, psychosocial issues and rising medical costs related to obesity, however, limited research has discovered the etiology and specific risk factors associated with the epidemic. This study sought to understand the prevalence and related risk factors of obesity in rural Aguas Zarcas, Costa Rica in Spring 2011. The sample included 1 025 school-aged children ages four to 18. Each child participating in the study completed a survey that addressed hypothesized risk factors (i.e. media screen time and physical activity). I also measured each subject’s height, weight, and abdominal circumference to determine whether significant relationships existed between the proposed risk factors and the overall rate of obesity among school children. Results showed a positive relationship between screen time (time spent in front of a television, computer, or video game) and BMI/abdominal circumference and a negative relationship between physical activity and BMI/abdominal circumference. Time spent watching television on the weekend was positively correlated to BMI (p < 0,001) and physical activity throughout the week and weekend was negatively correlated with both BMI and abdominal circumference (p < 0,0001). Most children involved in the study fell within healthy height and weight classifications, while 12% were considered obese according to the Center for Disease Control’s BMI standards. Obesity rates were especially high among males and females ages ten through 12. This research serves as a foundation for further exploration of obesity risk factors and prevalence, and can be used to inform policy and programming to prevent the impending rise of childhood obesity in Costa Rica.

scholarly journals Significant Decrease in Childhood Obesity and Waist Circumference over 15 Years in Switzerland: A Repeated Cross-Sectional Study

Nutrients ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 1922
Author(s):  
Isabelle Herter-Aeberli ◽  
Ester Osuna ◽  
Zuzana Sarnovská ◽  
Michael B. Zimmermann
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Waist Circumference ◽  
Parental Education ◽  
Childhood Overweight ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Parental Factors ◽  
The Past

Despite a global increase in childhood obesity over the past decades, several countries, including Switzerland, have recently reported stabilizing trends. Using national data from school-aged children in Switzerland over the past 16 years, our study aim was to assess changes in the prevalence of overweight and obesity, central adiposity and predictors of obesity related to lifestyle and parental factors. Nationally representative samples of children aged 6–12 years were studied in 2002 (n = 2493), 2007 (n = 2218), 2012 (n = 2963), and 2017/18 (n = 2279). Height and weight, waist circumference, and multiple skinfold thicknesses were measured. Potential risk factors for overweight and obesity were determined using a self-administered questionnaire in 2017/18, collecting data on diet, physical activity, and parental factors. Prevalence (95% CI) of overweight (incl. obesity) and obesity in 2017/18 was 15.9% (14.4–17.4) and 5.3% (4.5–6.3), respectively. Binary logistic regression revealed a small but significant decrease in the prevalence of overweight (including obesity) since 2002 (OR (95% CI) = 0.988 (0.978–0.997)), while the change in obesity alone was not significant. The most important risk factors for childhood overweight/obesity in 2017/18 were low parental education, non-Swiss origin of the parents, low physical activity of the child, and male sex. In conclusion, we have shown a small but significant declining trend in the childhood overweight/obesity prevalence over the past 15 years in Switzerland. Based on the risk factor analysis, preventive action in schoolchildren might be most effective in boys, migrant populations, and families with lower education, and should emphasize physical activity.

scholarly journals Childhood Overweight and Obesity Among the Saudi Population: A Case-Control Study Among School Children

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Abdulsalam AlJassim ◽  
Hoda Jr
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Study

Abstract BackgroundChildhood obesity is a global public health concern with major consequences. In Saudi Arabia, the percentage of children who are overweight or obese have significantly increased in the past 2 decades, raising concerns about the physical and psychosocial consequences of this burden. This study aimed at investigating the different risk factors contributing to childhood obesity in Saudi Arabia.Methods A case-control study was conducted among 492 school children (246 overweight/obese cases and 246 normal control aged 5-9 years old). Using valid and reliable instruments, parental and children characteristics, behavioural practices, screen use, and other activities were assessed as risk factors for childhood obesity using logistic regression analysis. Results An unemployed father (OR=11.90; 95%CI: 7.47-18.93), an overweight/obese father (OR=2.04; 95%CI: 1.40-2.96), an incorrect parental perception of child’s weight status (OR=2.54; 95%CI: 1.75-3.68), Caesarean delivery (OR=2.52; 95%CI: 1.56-4.09), daily time in active play for less than 30 minutes (OR=2.18; 95%CI: 1.44-3.28), , frequent snacking (OR=1.74; 95%CI: 1.05-2.93), and screen time use for more than 2 hours per day outside of school (OR=1.62; 95%CI: 1.12-2.34) were all independent risk factors for being overweight or obese among the selected cases. ConclusionEfforts to prevent childhood overweight and obesity in this population should focus primarily on the early identification and addressing of risk factors, such as parental characteristics and awareness of the magnitude of the burden of obesity, behavioural practices such as frequent snacking, screen time use, and physical activity.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Risk Factors of Obesity among School Children in Sylhet, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 205-208 ◽  
Author(s):  
Madhusudan Saha ◽  
Dipal Krishna Adhikary ◽  
Irin Parvin ◽  
Yuba Raj Sharma ◽  
Fahmida Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
School Children ◽  
Food Habit ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
P Value ◽  
Growth Chart ◽  
Computer Gaming ◽  
Control Growth

Background: Childhood obesity is found in affluent society, less physical activity and changes in food pattern. This study was designed to see prevalence and risk factors of childhood obesity among school children of Sylhet city.Methods: Students of class five and six of two schools of Sylhet city were randomly selected. Demographic and anthropometric data were collected and recorded in predesigned data sheet. BMI and percentile were calculated using official centre for disease control growth chart for 2 to 20 years. Logistic regression analysis was done to see association of various factors with childhood obesity. P value of ≤0.05 was taken as significant.Results: Total 288 children were included in this study. Age varied from 10 to 14 years. Among them 5.6% and 8.7% were found to be obese and overweight respectively. Obesity was significantly higher among girls (6.8% vs3.6%). Prevalence of obesity and overweight (p=0.001) was more among those who spent less time in physical exercise and outdoor games. Food habit, television watching, computer gaming and duration of sleep were not found as significant predictor of obesity.Conclusions: Obesity was significantly higher among girls (6.8% vs3.6%). Girls with less physical activity were mainly associated with overweight and obesity. 

scholarly journals Childhood overweight and obesity among the Saudi population: a case-control study among school children

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanan Aljassim ◽  
Hoda Jradi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Time Use ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Childhood Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Control Study

Abstract Background Childhood obesity is a global public health concern with major consequences. In Saudi Arabia, the percentage of children who are overweight or obese has significantly increased in the past two decades, raising concerns about the physical and psychosocial consequences of this burden. This study aimed at investigating the different risk factors contributing to childhood obesity in Saudi Arabia. Methods A case-control study was conducted among 492 school children (246 overweight/obese children, and 246 normal weight control children aged 5-9 years). Using valid and reliable instruments, parental and child characteristics, behavioral practices, screen use, and other activities were assessed as risk factors for childhood obesity using logistic regression analysis. Results An unemployed father (OR=11.90; 95% CI: 7.47-18.93), a father with overweight/obesity (OR=2.04; 95% CI: 1.40-2.96), an incorrect parental perception of child’s weight status (OR=2.54; 95% CI: 1.75-3.68), cesarean delivery (OR=2.52; 95% CI: 1.56-4.09), daily time in active play for less than 30 min (OR=2.18; 95% CI: 1.44-3.28), frequent snacking (OR=1.74; 95% CI: 1.05-2.93), and screen time use for more than 2 h per day outside of school (OR=1.62; 95% CI: 1.12-2.34) were all independent risk factors for being overweight or obese among the selected cases. Conclusion Efforts to prevent childhood overweight and obesity in this population should focus primarily on the early identification and confrontation of risk factors. Such risk factors include parental characteristics and awareness of the magnitude of the burden obesity poses, behavioral practices such as frequent snacking, screen time use, and physical activity.

scholarly journals The influence of maternal body mass index and physical activity on select cardiovascular risk factors of preadolescent Hispanic children

PeerJ ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
pp. e6100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Basil A. Alhassan ◽  
Ying Liu ◽  
Deborah Slawson ◽  
Jonathan M. Peterson ◽  
Jo-Ann Marrs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Screen Time ◽  
Physical Inactivity ◽  
Maternal Obesity ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Maternal Body Mass Index ◽  
Cross Sectional

Background Maternal obesity and physical inactivity have been identified as correlates of overweight and obesity and physical inactivity in older preadolescents; however, no study has explored this relationship in Hispanic preadolescents. Furthermore, the relation between maternal physical activity (PA) and blood pressure (BP) in Hispanic preadolescents has not been examined. Purpose This study aimed to assess the associations between Hispanic mothers’ PA and body mass index (BMI) and their preadolescents’ PA, screen time, BP, and BMI. Methods Data of 118 mother-child (aged 2–10 years) dyads enrolled in a cross-sectional study of metabolic syndrome in Hispanic preadolescents at a community health center in Johnson City, TN were used. Parent and child questionnaires were used to ascertain mothers’ BMI and PA and preadolescents’ PA and screen time. Preadolescents’ height, weight, and BP were measured. Multiple logistic regression was used to examine the association between child and maternal variables, adjusting for mother’s education and the child’s sex and age. Results Pradolescents of obese mothers were more likely than preadolescents of mothers with normal weight to engage in less than three days of at least 60 min of vigorous PA per week (OR: 6.47, 95% CI [1.61–26.0]). Preadolescents whose mothers did not engage in moderate PA were more likely to engage in less than three days of at least 60 min of vigorous PA per week (OR: 2.92, CI [1.18–7.24]); and have elevated BP (OR: 2.50, 95% CI [1.02–4.53]) than preadolescents whose mothers engaged in moderate PA. Discussion Our results show a negative relationship between maternal obesity and preadolescent PA, and a positive relationship between lower maternal PA and elevated BP and lower PA in Hispanic preadolescents. This suggests that interventions aimed at improving Hispanic preadolescents’ PA and BP may use maternal PA and maternal BMI (for preadolescent PA) as a modification strategy to improve health in Hispanic preadolescents.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Overweight and Obesity among School-Going Children of Aligarh City and Its Association with Socio-Demographic Variables

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (6) ◽  
pp. 87-91
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fast Food ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Eating Pattern ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Behavioural Factors

In India, the prevalence of overweight and obesity in urban areas is comparable with some developing countries. A rapid transition in food practices, lifestyle factors, behavioural factors, physical inactivity and adopting western culture are some of the causes responsible for this problem. Children from small towns are experiencing nutritional changes due to their tendency to try eating pattern of larger cities. Aims and objectives: To study the prevalence of overweight and obesity and related risk factors among school going children of Aligarh city. Materials and methods: A cross - sectional study was done among four schools from four zones of Aligarh city. A total of 900 children studying in classes Ist to Vth were taken in the study. A predesigned and pretested questionnaire was used to collect data on sociodemographic, dietary intake, lifestyle, behavioural factors, physical activity and anthropometric measurements. Results: Overall Prevalence of overweight and obesity was 8.1% and 8.2% among school‑going children. There was a statistically significant difference in prevalence of overweight and obesity among affluent schools (6.1% and 6.7%) and nonaffluent schools (2.0% and 1.6%) respectively was observed. The related risk factors for overweight and obesity were affluence and higher level of father’s education etc. Conclusion: Overweight and obesity among school‑going children is a major problem facing even in smaller cities in India.Interventions must be taken to focus on communicating and educating teachers and parents, especially of the affluent section, towards restricting fast food intake, TV viewing and emphasizing the importance of physical activity.

scholarly journals Risk factors and association of body composition components for lumbar disc herniation in Northwest, Mexico

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Adriana G. Mateos-Valenzuela ◽  
Mirvana E. González-Macías ◽  
Silvia Ahumada-Valdez ◽  
Carlos Villa-Angulo ◽  
Rafael Villa-Angulo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lumbar Disc Herniation ◽  
Disc Herniation ◽  
Visceral Fat ◽  
Lumbar Disc ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Abdominal Circumference ◽  
Visceral Fat Area

Abstract The goal of this study was to investigate the association of body composition components and to elucidate whether any of these components is a risk factor for Lumbar Disc Herniation (LDH). The group of study consisted of 90 adults involved in a physical activity program due to overweight and obesity. 19 adults with medical diagnostic through Magnetic Resonance Imaging with LDH. Body composition data was obtained with a bioelectrical impedance analyzer. Descriptive statistics and principal components analysis permitted to analyze the information's structure and to visualize information clusters. A logistic regression analysis allowed us to find the association between some of the variables of body composition with LDH. The Degree of Obesity, Body Mass Index, Visceral Fat Area and the Abdominal Circumference resulted associated (P values of 0.0388, 0.0171, 0.0055 and 0.0032, respectively). The application of Odd Ratio allowed us to declare the Visceral Fat Area and Abdominal Circumference as risk factors to develop Lumbar Disk Herniation. Our results provide a new record for future studies, and support for prescription of physical activity and changes in diet, to correct or prevent the development of LDH in the population of Baja California.

scholarly journals A comparative study of associated risk factors of overweight in normal and overweight children of 12-16 years of age

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 933
Author(s):  
Mohan A. Patil ◽  
Ritu Raj Rana
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Comparative Study ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Tv Viewing ◽  
Eating Out ◽  
Mode Of Transport ◽  
Associated Risk Factors ◽  
Obesity In Children

Background: In 21st century childhood obesity has become one of the most serious public health problem. This now a global problem and affecting all the countries of the world. Overweight and obesity in children and adolescent is defined by American medical association as BMI between 85-95 centile and BMI >95th centile respectively for children aged 2-16 years. Risk factors for overweight and obesity in children are different for different regions, places, cultures and food habits of different people and society. New factors are coming up due to economic prosperity and change in lifestyle of the young population. Habit formation occurs mainly during childhood and adolescence so primary intervention targeting this age group has high possibility of yielding good results.Methods: A comparative study of associated risk factors of overweight and obesity was conducted in D. Y. Patil Medical College in Children’s age 12-16 years. The independent variable (parameters) for the study were age, gender, type of family, paternal education, maternal education, father’s occupation, mother’s occupation, socio-economic status, at least one overweight parent, sleeping time, TV viewing time, type of food, mode of transport to reach school, frequency of eating out and level of physical activity. Children were given questionnaire that was filled by their parents and return back to us.Results: The analysis revealed that at least one overweight parent, mode of transport to reach school and frequency of eating out are associated with obesity while TV viewing duration and level of physical activity are strongly associated with obesity.Conclusions: Childhood obesity is a chronic multifactorial medical condition. Its risk can be significantly reduced by avoiding and preventing some factors.

scholarly journals The Implementation of Childhood Obesity Related Policy Interventions in Malaysia—A Non Communicable Diseases Scorecard Project

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5950
Author(s):  
Wilfred Kok Hoe Mok ◽  
Noran Naqiah Hairi ◽  
Caryn Mei Hsien Chan ◽  
Feisul Idzwan Mustapha ◽  
Thamil Arasu Saminathan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Childhood Obesity ◽  
Communicable Diseases ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Non Communicable Diseases ◽  
Modified Delphi ◽  
Policy Interventions ◽  
Non Governmental Organizations ◽  
The Government

(1) Background: The prevalence of overweight and obesity among children has increased tremendously in the ASEAN region, including Malaysia. In Malaysia, the National Strategic Plan for Non-Communicable Diseases (2015–2025) provides the overall framework for its response to the non-communicable diseases (NCD) epidemic. Preventing childhood obesity is one of the key strategies for early intervention to prevent NCDs. The objective of this research is to examine the current status of policy interventions in addressing childhood obesity in Malaysia. (2) Methods: A panel of 22 stakeholders and experts from Malaysia, representing the government, industry, academia and non-governmental organizations, were sampled using a modified Delphi technique. Data were collected using a modified NCD scorecard under four domains (governance, risk factors, surveillance and research and health systems response). A heat map was used to measure the success of the four realms of the NCD scorecard. For each domain of the NCD scorecard, the final score was grouped in quintiles. (3) Results: A total of 22 participants responded, comprising of eight (36.4%) males and 14 (63.4%) females. All the domains measured in implementing policies related to childhood obesity were of low progress. Nine governance indicators were reported as 22.5% (low progress), four in the risk factors domain, and two in the surveillance. This shows that timely and accurate monitoring, participatory review and evaluation, and effective remedies are necessary for a country’s surveillance system. (4) Conclusion: Although Malaysia has published several key strategic documents relating to childhood obesity and implemented numerous policy interventions, we have identified several gaps that must be addressed to leverage the whole-of-government and whole-of-society approach in addressing childhood obesity in the country.

scholarly journals Urbanization and greenness in HBSC survey: association with overweight and obesity in adolescents

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (Supplement_5) ◽  
Author(s):  
V Bellisario ◽  
R Bono ◽  
G Squillacioti ◽  
M Caputo ◽  
I Gintoli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Air Pollution ◽  
Population Density ◽  
Weight Status ◽  
Overweight And Obesity ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Children Health ◽  
Public Health Strategies

Abstract Background Childhood obesity is an important public health issue worldwide and includes different risk factors, such as environmental pollutants exposure or physical activity. Neighborhood composition and green spaces availability could contrast obesogenic lifestyles and promote healthy habits, whereas, urbanization and traffic volume exposure are inversely associated with physical activity and worsen effects on childhood health. Methods This project analyzed students involved in the HBSC survey from the Piedmont Region. Data were collected in 2018, following the protocol. All the subjects were georeferenced within buffers around schools. Green-spaces availability was measured by Normalised Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI-satellite images) while urbanization was calculated by population density, traffic intensity (satellite measurements) and air pollution concentration (sampling stations). Results Overall, the sample included 3022 subjects, with amount 50% male/female and 30% for each age group (11-13-15 years old). Concerning weight status, above 14% of the all sample is obese or overweight, with, respectively, 20% among boys and 11% among girls. Preliminary analyses showed an association between weight status and population density (rural vs urbanized areas). Currently, we are analyzing the association with greenness and the other measures of urbanization. Conclusions Our preliminary findings suggest that high urbanization levels impact health implementing weight in children. We are testing the hypothesis that greenness positively influences weight status and reduce negative effects of urbanization and air pollution. The managing of these risk factors must be deepened and corroborated by active preventive Public Health strategies for improving children health. Key messages Urbanization and greenness may influence weight status in children. Public Health strategies must be improved for children health.

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