scholarly journals UJI EFEK ANALGETIKA EKSTRAK BUAH KAKTUS (Opuntia elatior Mill.) PADA MENCIT (Mus musculus) YANG DIINDUKSI ASAM ASETAT

Author(s):  
Gissa Amellia ◽  
Ihwan Ihwan ◽  
Akhmad Khumaidi

Pain is a mechanism of body defense. One way to allay or decreasing the pain is using medicines that have analgetic effect. The aim of this study is determine the analgetic effect of cactus fruits (Opuntia elatior Mill.) extract and the most effective dose to giving analgetic effect. This study used writhing method by the injection acetic acid 1% as induced. Group I as a negative control used natrium carboxy methylcellulose 1%, group II as a positive control used aspirin suspension which dosage was 1,3 mg/20g BB, group III as a extract of cactus fruits give to dose 50 mg/kg BB, group IV dose 100 mg/kg BB, and group V dose 150 mg/kg BB. The result shows that cactus fruits extract to giving analgetic effect judging from the reduction strength writhing reflex to protection percentage at dose 50 mg/kg BB (11,26%), 100 mg/kg BB (42,10%), 150 mg/kg BB(60,14%) and the positif control (75,34%), at the positif control shows that higher protection percentage. Effectiveness percentage analgetic extract of cactus fruits at dose of 50 mg/kg BB (14,4%), 100 mg/kg BB (55,36%), 150 mg/kg BB (79,95%) and positif control (100%). The data which is got from the calculation later is analyzed by Kruskal Wallis. The result showed that at dose of 150 mg/kg BB is p: 0,016 (p<0,05) when compared with the positive control. So that is different significantly between dose 150 mg/kg BB and the positive control. The extract showed a optimal analgetic effect characterized by a significant reduction in the number of writhes or abdominal stretches in mice with dose 150 mg/kg BB body weight used when compared to the cactus fruits extract dose 50 and 100 mg/kg BB

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (02) ◽  
pp. 55-59
Author(s):  
Reetu Arora ◽  
Yogesh Kumar ◽  
Neetu Jindal ◽  
Renu Aggarwal ◽  
Kavneet Takhar

Abstract Introduction The aim of obturation in the root canal is to completely seal the canal space to eliminate all the portals of entry and exit between root canal and periodontal space. Various techniques have been developed to achieve a hermetic seal. Materials and Methods As many as 150 extracted human maxillary central incisors were taken for the study. Biomechanical preparation was done up to F5 protaper file. According to different obturation techniques, samples were divided into six groups, keeping 30 samples in experimental and 15 samples in control groups. Group I–Lateral Condensation, Group II–Thermafil, Group III–Beefill, Group IV–GuttaFlow, Group V–Positive Control group, Group VI–Negative Control group. After obturation, the samples were immersed in 2% Rhodamine-B dye for 24 hours. Each sample was longitudinally sectioned to examine under confocal laser scanning microscope. Statistical Analysis The results were evaluated with ANOVA and posthoc Tukey honest significant difference (HSD) comparison test. Results The mean values of dye penetration of different groups were Group I (Lateral Condensation) 1.51 ± 0.451, Group II (Thermafil) 0.918 ± 0.399, Group III (Beefill) 1.30 ± 0.559. Group IV (GuttaFlow) 0.655 ± 0.396, Group V (Positive Control group) 1.96 ±0.046, Group VI (Negative Control group) 0 ± 0. The lowest mean value of apical microleakage was found in GuttaFlow amongst all experimental groups. Conclusion It can be concluded that the GuttaFlow obturating material exhibited better apical sealing ability with canal walls.


2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 50
Author(s):  
Ria Afrianti ◽  
Dedi Nofiandi ◽  
Dira Dira ◽  
Widya Ulfa

Bandotan plants (Ageratum conyzoides (L.) L.) commonly used as agent in the treatment of inflammatory, wound, and also used used as analgesic, stimulant and tonic. In this study we carried out a test of the effectiveness of the cream (w/o) of ethanolic extract of bandotan leaves in wound healing in streptozocin-induced hyperglycemia mice. Animals were divided into five groups: Group I (without induced, given cream base w/o), group II (induced, given cream base w/o), group III (induced, given cream containing 3% extract), group IV (induced, given cream containing 5% extract) and group V (induced, given cream containing 7% extract). Animals also divided into three subgroups based on time of decapitation on 7th, 14th and 21th days. The parameters observed were the percentage of wound healing and collagen fibers density scores. Results were analyzed by Two-Way ANOVA. The results showed that the cream in concentration of 3%, 5% and 7% could affect wound healing in hyperglycemia mice. The percentage of wound healing of the cream in concentration of 3%, 5% and 7% were significantly different (p<0,05) with positive control, and density scores of collagen fibers was also significantly different (p<0,05) from the positive control and negative control. However, the best results was obtained from cream containing 5% extract which perrcentage of wound healing reached 98.5% on 21th day and got a score of 3 for density of collagen fibers that had been formed on the 14th day. 


2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (A) ◽  
pp. 423-427
Author(s):  
Prihantono Prihantono ◽  
Salman Ardi Syamsu ◽  
Nilam Smaradhania ◽  
Mardiana Ahmad ◽  
Nurul Aini Siagian ◽  
...  

BACKGROUND: Mastitis is an inflammation of the breast tissue, usually caused by bacteria. Mastitis stimulates pro-inflammatory cytokines. The cytokine interleukin-1β (IL-1β) is a crucial mediator of the inflammatory response. This cytokine has adverse effects of hosting immunity that mediates resistance to pathogens and also exacerbates damage during chronic disease and acute tissue injury. Scaevola taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb. has been used as an ethnomedicine for healing sores in several provinces in Indonesia. AIM: This study aimed to assess the profile of pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β through the treatment effect of leaf extracts of S. taccada (Gaertn.) Roxb. as adjuvant for healing mastitis. METHODS: This study was a true control group experiment using the pre-test-post-test control design aimed to measure the effect of hydroalcoholic compounds in leaf extracts of S. taccada on the systemic pro-inflammatory activity of interleukin-1β (IL-1β). The treated animals were 18 mice of Sprague Dawley strain induced by Staphylococcus aureus. These treated mice were divided into three groups in which each group consisted of six mice. The mice in the Group I (negative control) were given 1 ml aquabides/250 g body weight, those in the Group II (positive control) were delivered with 9.6 mg/ml amoxicillin/250 g body weight, and those in the Group III (experimental) were given 9.6 mg amoxicillin/250 g body weight + 400 mg/ml leaf extracts of S. taccada/g body weight for 5 days, respectively. Pathological examinations were carried out from the inflamed tissues to prove the healing process of the treated mice. IL-1Β levels were determined using the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay method. Data were analyzed using ANOVA and post hoc tests. RESULTS: There were statistically significant differences of IL-1β levels after the administration of leaf extracts of S. taccada among all the treated mice groups at p < 0.05. The Group III had the lowest IL-1β level with the mean value ± 1.45 pg/ml compared to the IL-1β level in the Group II (positive control) with the mean value ± 3.82 pg/ml and the IL-1β level in the Group I (negative control) with the with mean value ± 5.22 pg/ml. The pathological analysis of breast tissues of the treated mice proved that leaf extracts of S. taccada (Gaertn Roxb.) could reduce damaged tissues, cellular infiltration, and subcutaneous edema induced by this pathogenic microorganism. CONCLUSION: Leaf extracts of S. taccada had a significant function as adjuvant for healing mastitis by reducing pro-inflammatory cytokine IL-1β.


2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Condro Suro Miyarso ◽  
Tri Cahyani Widiastuti ◽  
Naelaz Zukhruf Wakhidatul Kiromah

The root of pasak bumi (Eurycoma longifolia, Jack) is one of plant from Indonesia known as aphrodisiac. The study about its standardized extract as aphrodisiac was show increasing libido, testosterone level, FSH and LH on male rats. This study was conducted to evaluate testosterone level and histopathological changes of the testes of male rats of standardized extract of pasak bumi root. There are 50 old male rats which ages 3-4 months old divided to five groups. Group I as negative control was administered aquadestilata. Group II as positive control was administered testosterone (Andriol®). Group III, IV and V ware given standardized extract of pasak bumi root at the dose 50, 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight Respectively. The extract was given orally twice a day for six days and forty nine days and then the testes was taken out on 7th and 50th day. The histopathological of the testes was evaluated using quantitative parameter by the presence of testes weight, number and diameter of Leydig cells. Testosterone level was taken on 7th and 50th day used ELISA method. The results were analyzed using parametric test, one way ANOVA (P<0,05), post hoc Dunnet (2-sided) (P < 0,05). The result of this study shows that the standardized extract of pasak bumi root was not effect on histopathological changes of the testes but it could increased the level of testosterone m at the dose 100 and 200 mg/kg body weight.  Key word : Eurycoma longifolia, Jack, aphrodisiac, histopathological testes testosteron


2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-67
Author(s):  
Sri S. Wahyuningsih ◽  
Linda Widyastuti

Beluntas leaves (Pluchea indica L.) have been known as analgetic reducer. The study about this research has been going on right now. The goal of this research is to study the analgesic effect of beluntas (P. indica) leaf infused into male mice of swiss strain. The method used is the stretching chemical stimuli using acetic acid as an inducer of pain. Healthy male mice of Swiss strain were divided into five groups, and each group consisted of 5 mice. Group I was given paracetamol at a dose of 65 mg/kg of body weight, group II were given distilled water , the group III-V were given beluntas leaf infuse in the variation of 10 %, 20 % and 40 %. Thirty minutes after test substance application, acetic acid of 100 mg/kg of body weight were given intraperitoneally in all groups and stretching of mice was observed every 5 minutes for 1 hour. The data was analyzed by using normality test of Kolmogorov-Smirnov; the  test of homogeneity of variance was analyzed by ANOVA and post hoc tests were to differenciate the percentage analgetic of every group. Statistical test showed normal distributed and homogeneous data; there are significant differences of percentage analgesic between paracetamol and beluntas leaf infuse of 10, 20, and 40 % (p < 0.05). There was significant differences between infuse of beluntas leaves with positive control (parasetamol) in mice. Key words: Analgetic, leave of beluntas (P. indica), infuse, mice.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Feriyani Feriyani ◽  
Hady Maulanza ◽  
Rodiah Rahmawaty Lubis ◽  
Ummu Balqis ◽  
Darmawi Darmawi

Cataracts are one of the most causes of blindness in the world. Oxidative stress can form pathological conditions such as cataracts. This oxidative stress ability can be measured by the malondialdehyde (MDA) biomarker. Binahong leaves (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) are native plants from Indonesia that are used to treat various diseases including cataract treatment. Binahong leaf (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) has a high amount of flavonoids and is rich in antioxidants that can be used to treat cataracts. Objective. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of binahong leaf extract on the levels of MDA in a goat lens with cataract-induced material. Method. As many as possible, 40 goat eye lenses were divided into several groups, namely, group I normal lenses as controls (glucose 5.5 mM), group II lenses were cataract induced with glucose concentration of 55 mM, group III lenses with glucose 55 mM + binahong leaf extract (100 μg/ml), group IV lens with glucose 55 mM + binahong leaf extract (200 μg/ml), and group V lens with glucose 55 mM + quercetin (positive control). Biochemical parameters measured in the lens homogenate are malondialdehyde lens morphology in all groups’ observations and comparisons made. Results. The results of the study found that the lens group with the addition of binahong extract showed more results transparency compared to lens groups induced by glucose concentrations of 55 mM). This shows that the diabetic cataract group experienced high oxidative stress due to the accumulation of sorbitol compounds derived from glucose which caused turbidity in the goat eye lens and increased levels of lens MDA. Binahong levels at concentrations of 100 or 200 can inhibit MDA production. Conclusion. Binahong (Anredera cordifolia (Tenore) Steenis) extract has the ability to inhibit the production of MDA levels. In glucose-induced goat lenses, binahong extract and quercetin show antioxidant and anticataract properties.


2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-40 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adryan Fristiohady ◽  
Wa Ode Siti Zubaydah ◽  
Wahyuni Wahyuni ◽  
Mirda Mirda ◽  
Saripuddin Saripuddin ◽  
...  

The previous study reported that Etlingera elatior (Wualae) has activity as immunostimulant with dose at 300 mg/kg BW and 400 mg/kg BW. Formulating natural product into effervescent granule (GE) can increase practicality and interest to consume traditional medicine. This study aims to investigate the immunostimulant activity of Wualae ethanolic extract in the effervescent granule. Wualae was macerated with ethanol then formulated into effervescent granule at dose 300 mg/kgBW and 400 mg/kgBW. Formulations were evaluated. Animals were divided into 4 groups and treated with: group I (positive control); group II (negative control); group III (GE dose at 300mg/kgBW); and group IV (GE at dose 400mg/kgBW) for 7 days and at days 8, groups were infected by Staphylococcus aureus intraperitoneally. Immunostimulant activity was measured by calculating the Specific Phagocytic Activity (SPA) of macrophage. Data collected from the evaluation and measurement of the SPA then analyzed using SPSS. Results from the evaluation were considered good except the moisture content of effervescent granule. Results from SPA was found that effervescent granule at dose 300 mg/kgBW and at dose 400 mg/kgBW have 26.33% and 32.5% consecutively with significance 0.02 (p<0.05). Thus, effervescent granule has comparable phagocytosis activity with positive control.


2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Citra R. Irianty ◽  
Jimmy Posangi ◽  
P. M. Wowor

Abstrak: Penggunaan tanaman obat semakin berkembang luas di masyarakat, salah satunya yaitu bunga matahari (Helianthus annuus L.). Tumbuhan ini dipercaya memiliki berbagai khasiat, diantaranya sebagai analgesik. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek analgesik dari ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) pada mencit Swiss (Mus musculus). Penelitian ini merupakan penelitian eksperimental dengan menggunakan metode rangsangan panas berupa suhu 55°C. Pada penelitian ini digunakan hewan uji berupa mencit jantan yang dibagi dalam 3 kelompok masing-masing terdiri dari 3 ekor. Kelompok I kontrol negatif diberi Aquades 0,3 ml, kelompok II kontrol positif diberi Tramadol 0,18 mg/20grBB mencit dan kelompok III perlakuan diberi ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga matahari 0,3 ml untuk tiap mencit. Penelitian dilakukan selama 1 menit dengan menilai respon mencit berupa meloncat dan atau menjilat kakinya sebagai reaksi untuk mengurangi nyeri. Dari hasil percobaaan dengan pemberian rangsang panas berupa suhu 55°C menunjukkan bahwa respon mencit yang diberikan 0,3 ml ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga matahari, mulai menurun di menit ke-30 dan mencapai maksimal pada menit ke-90. Dari hasil penelitian ini didapatkan bahwa ekstrak etanol kelopak bunga matahari (Helianthus annuus L.) memiliki efek analgesik terhadap mencit Swiss.     Abstract: Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) is one of medical herbs where the use of medical plants is getting growth on social community. Those plants believed has many efficacious, one of them was as  analgesic. The aim of this research is to know the analgesic effect of ethanol extract of sunflowers petals (Helianthus annuus L.) in Swiss mice (Mus musculus). This study is an experimental study using heat stimuli of 55°C. This study used male mice which were divided into 3 groups each consisting of three mice. Group I was given distilled water and act as negative control which were given 0,3 ml, group II as positive control were given  0,18 mg/20grBB mice of Tramadol and the group III were given sunflower petals ethanol extract of 0,3 ml. An observation was carried out for 1 minute with expexted response being jumping and licking as a reaction to reduce pain. Results obtained by appling heat stimuli in the temperature of 55°C showed that sunflower petals ethanol extract in the dosase of 0,3 ml of ethanol extract sunflowers petals, start to decline in the 30th minute and reached a maximum in the 90th minute. From the result of this study found that ethanol extract of sunflower petals (Helianthus annuus L.) has an analgesic effect on Swiss mice.


2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rafly F. Lumintang ◽  
Jane Wuisan ◽  
Pemsy M. Wowor

Abstract: Pain is an unpleasant sensation that derives from the complex neurochemical processes in the central and peripheral nervous systems. Side effects of drugs inter alia opioids and NSAIDs can cause serious disorders, therefore, it is necessary to find and develop other effective analgesic drugs with low toxicity. In Indonesia, matoa (Pometia pinnata) is known as a typical plant in Papua especially in West Papua. In some countries, parts of matoa plants are used as traditional medicine. This study aimed to determine the analgesic effect of matoa bark extract (Pometia pinnata) on mice Mus musculus. This was an experimental study. Nine male mice weighed 30 g were divided into 3 groups, each consisted of 3 mice. Group I, the negative control group, was given aquadest; group II, the positive control group, was given aspirin solution; and group III, the treated group, was given matoa bark extract. Analgesic effect was determined by counting the mice movements (licking their back legs or jumping) during 1 minute in a beaker with a temperature of 550C. The results showed that after 30 minutes the average number of movements of the treated group decreased from 22 times to 19.3 times, and continued to decrease until 1 movement after 120 minutes. Conclusion: Matoa bark extract showed analgesic effect on mice Mus musculus.Keywords: analgesic effect, matoa bark, miceAbstrak: Nyeri adalah sensasi yang tidak menyenangkan yang berasal dari proses neurokimia kompleks di sistem saraf pusat dan perifer. Opioid dan golongan AINS dapat menimbulkan efek samping yang cukup berat; oleh karena itu, diperlukan obat analgesik yang efektif dengan toksisitas rendah. Di Indonesia, matoa (Pometia pinnata) dikenal sebagai tanaman khas Papua terutama Papua Barat. Di beberapa negara, bagian-bagian dari tanaman matoa telah digunakan sebagai obat tradisional. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek analgesik ekstrak kulit batang pohon matoa (Pometia pinnata) pada mencit Mus musculus. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode eksperimental. Sembilan ekor mencit jantan dengan berat rata-rata 30 g dibagi atas 3 kelompok hewan uji yang masing-masing terdiri dari 3 ekor mencit. Kelompok I yaitu kelompok kontrol negatif diberikan akuades; kelompok II yaitu kelompok kontrol positif diberikan larutan aspirin; dan kelompok III yaitu kelompok perlakuan diberikan ekstrak kulit batang matoa. Efek analgesik berupa jumlah gerakan mencit selama 1 menit saat diletakan di dalam beker dengan suhu tetap 550C. Gerakan yang dihitung berupa gerakan menjilat kaki belakang atau meloncat. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pada menit ke-30 terjadi penurunan rerata jumlah respon gerakan mencit dari 22 kali menjadi 19,3 kali yang terus berkurang hingga menit ke-120 dimana hanya terdapat 1 gerakan. Simpulan: Ekstrak kulit batang pohon matoa memiliki efek analgesik pada mencit Mus musculus.Kata kunci: efek analgesik, kulit batang matoa, mencit


Author(s):  
Le Cong Truong

This study aims to determine the blood sugar-lowering effect of Melastoma malabathricum L. infusion on Mus musculus. The research design used was an experimental laboratory carried out in the pharmacology laboratory of the Ho Chi Minh City University. This study used 15 male mice which were divided into 5 groups consisting of group I as negative control by giving aquadest, groups II, III, IV were given infusion of Melastoma malabathricum L. respectively 0.1 g/ml, 0.2 g/ml, and 0.4 g/ml, and group V as a positive control with glibenclamide suspension. The results showed that statistical testing using the SPSS program showed a significant difference (p <0.05), which means that senggani leaf infusion had a significant effect on reducing blood sugar levels in mice and the most optimal was 0.4 g/ml infusion.


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