KAJIAN BIOREMEDIASI PADA TANAH TERCEMAR PESTISIDA

The use of pesticides to eradicate pests are an integral part in farming system. Pesticides use to increase production and protect the production of physical defects can also cause pollution on agricultural land. The presence of pesticide residues in soil and agricultural production can cause health problems for human and animals and even death. To overcome this problem there needs a way to degrade hazardous waste in the environment by performing the remediation. Remediation is carried out by microorganisms fungi, bacteria and algae known as bioremediation. Bioremediation aims to transform compounds into harmless compounds with the end result are carbon dioxide, water and biomass cells. The advantages of bioremediation are environmentally friendly, highly efficient, low cost, can be implemented directly in the field, laboratory and combined with chemical and physical methods.Keywords: bioremediation, soil degradation, pesticides, microorganisms

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OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESTORATION OF SOIL FERTILITY THROUGH METHODS OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN THE YAMBOL AGROREGION

International Conference on Technics Technologies and Education ◽

10.15547/10.15547/ictte.2018.01.004 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 25-31 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Violeta Vateva

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Organic Agriculture ◽

Agricultural Policy ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Soil Degradation ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

The European Union ◽

Organic Farmers ◽

The Common ◽

Priority Policy

The quality and quantity of agricultural production depend on the fertility of the soil type on which it is grown. Soil fertility is the result of the interaction of multiple mutually merged factors. Loss of soil fertility leads to soil degradation. Subsequently, it gradually becomes unfit for farming activity. Controlling the maintenance and enhancement of soil fertility is the guarantor of sustainable yields and population satisfaction with food resources, protecting land from degradation, and preserving biodiversity of ecosystems. The report examines the opportunities for restoration of the soil fertility of the agricultural lands of the Yambol Agro region. The aim is to analyze and propose for practice the most suitable methods of organic farming, with the application of which to preserve and improve the fertility of soils from the agricultural fund of the region. The proposed options are in line with the requirements of the European Union and the elements of the Common Agricultural Policy for Conservation of Soil Fertility. As a result of analysis and studies found that the preservation and maintenance of soil fertility in agricultural land in Yambol agroregion is recognized and priority policy of the departments of Agriculture and farmers. From soil fertility conservation methods, organic farmers in Yambol Agro region apply a comprehensive approach, focusing primarily on bio-fertilization, crop rotation and sequential soil treatment systems.

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The relationship between GHG emissions and agricultural land productivity in the EU member states and Ukraine

Bioeconomics and agrarian business ◽

10.31548/bioeconomy2021.02.005 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 12 (2) ◽

Author(s):

Oleksandr Faichuk ◽

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽

Greenhouse Gas ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Gas Emissions ◽

Member States ◽

Eu Member States ◽

Carbon Dioxide Equivalent ◽

The Eu

The article is devoted to the quantitative relationship between greenhouse gas emissions and agricultural land productivity in EU member states and Ukraine (a country that continues to integrate into the EU). The author made a comparative analysis of the productivity of agricultural land in EU member states, other leading players in the world agricultural market, Ukraine and the world average. The method of statistical grouping to determine the reason for the different productivity of agricultural land (the value of gross output per 1 hectare of agricultural land) in the EU member states and in Ukraine was used. The author identified the cause of high levels of greenhouse gas emissions (carbon dioxide equivalent) per hectare of agricultural land in the most developed EU countries by using the graphical method. Based on the calculated target level of greenhouse gas emissions per hectare of agricultural land in the EU until 2030, required by the European Green Deal, the probable threat to EU member states and Ukraine in terms of possible decline in agricultural production has been identified. By using the econometric method and the method of regression analysis, the author identified the existence of a positive and strong quantitative relationship between emissions of carbon dioxide equivalent and value of agricultural production per hectare of land in EU member states and Ukraine. The magnitude of the increasing of carbon dioxide equivalent emissions under condition of increasing the value of gross output per hectare of agricultural land by one euro is calculated. Based on the results of the study, the author concluded that there is a high probability of reducing the productivity of agricultural land in developed EU countries, if greenhouse gas emissions are reduced to the level of the target value. The author also substantiated the practical lack of opportunity for less developed countries of the EU and Ukraine to increase the economic productivity of land, according to realize the requirements of the European Green Deal. Recommendations for avoiding a possible threat in agricultural production of the studied countries are summarized.

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INTERNALLY ECONOMIC AGROECOLOGICAL ORGANIZATION THE LAND USE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIPS SUBJECTS OF DIFFERENT PROPERTY FORMS

Economic innovations ◽

10.31520/ei.2017.19.3(65).154-161 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 19 (3(65)) ◽

pp. 154-161

Author(s):

H.O. Tiutiunnyk

Keyword(s):

Land Use ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

Farming System ◽

Humus Formation ◽

Ownership Type ◽

State Management ◽

Land Mass ◽

Environmentally Safe ◽

The Creation

Environmental management requires a clear change in the farming system. Restoring and improving the natural condition of the agro-landscape, in order to synthesize the most environmentally friendly land massifs for the restoration of bioproductivity of the land, the creation of ecologically pure land masses serves to create humus formation. Proceeding from this, the article is based on conceptual measures on the use of land masses for economic entities of all forms of ownership, which maximally adapt land users and measures for optimization, transformation and use of land to the natural conditions of local growth. Measures for the creation of land masses, especially ecologically clean, are carried out directly in agricultural enterprises, therefore, agricultural land use is a prerequisite for them. As a result, the purpose of the article is to justify the organization of the territory of economic entities, the establishment of the composition and transformation of the land and the need to preserve degraded and low-yielding land. Also the purpose of planning the organization of land mass structures is determined. The necessity of characterization of qualitative and quantitative characteristics of lands is grounded in order to find out the influence of the creation of the land mass and the appearance of possible dangers. The basic stages of the transition to environmentally safe agriculture and the formation of environmentally friendly land masses have been determined. The types of development of the land mass are described: one-time and step-by-step. The complex problems that may be encountered by an enterprise of any ownership type in the transition to the maintenance of ecologically pure agriculture are determined. Creation of ecologically pure massifs of lands and agroecological organization of the territory includes a system of measures for the adaptation of agricultural production, agriculture to the peculiarities of the natural environment, along with the system of levers of state management of rational ecologically safe use of agricultural land. So the necessity of state support and motivation for enterprises planning to switch to the production of environmentally friendly products and the formation of environmentally friendly land masses has been substantiated.

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OPPORTUNITIES FOR RESTORATION OF SOIL FERTILITY THROUGH METHODS OF ORGANIC AGRICULTURE IN THE YAMBOL AGROREGION

Applied Researches in Technics Technologies and Education ◽

10.15547/artte.2018.04.001 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 287-293 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Violeta Vateva

Keyword(s):

Soil Fertility ◽

Organic Agriculture ◽

Agricultural Policy ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Soil Degradation ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

The European Union ◽

Organic Farmers ◽

The Common ◽

Priority Policy

The quality and quantity of agricultural production depend on the fertility of the soil type on which it is grown. Soil fertility is the result of the interaction of multiple mutually merged factors. Loss of soil fertility leads to soil degradation. Subsequently, it gradually becomes unfit for farming activity. Controlling the maintenance and enhancement of soil fertility is the guarantor of sustainable yields and population satisfaction with food resources, protecting land from degradation, and preserving biodiversity of ecosystems. The report examines the opportunities for restoration of the soil fertility of the agricultural lands of the Yambol Agro region. The aim is to analyze and propose for practice the most suitable methods of organic farming, with the application of which to preserve and improve the fertility of soils from the agricultural fund of the region. The proposed options are in line with the requirements of the European Union and the elements of the Common Agricultural Policy for Conservation of Soil Fertility. As a result of analysis and studies found that the preservation and maintenance of soil fertility in agricultural land in Yambol agro region is recognized and priority policy of the departments of Agriculture and farmers. From soil fertility conservation methods, organic farmers in Yambol Agro region apply a comprehensive approach, focusing primarily on bio-fertilization, crop rotation and sequential soil treatment systems.

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Implementation of Environmentally Based Agricultural Land Protection Program in Turkey

International Conference on Eurasian Economies 2016 ◽

10.36880/c07.01775 ◽

2016 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Mehmet Hasdemir ◽

Mine Hasdemir

Keyword(s):

Agricultural Production ◽

Agricultural Land ◽

Agricultural Practices ◽

Environmentally Friendly ◽

World Population ◽

Agricultural Policies ◽

Land Protection ◽

Food And Agriculture ◽

Negative Impacts ◽

Soil And Water

Agriculture, which includes many aspects like vegetative and animal production by utilization of soil and water resources and enhancement of efficiency and quality, has been considered the most environmentally-friendly sector up to date and meets nutritional demand of one fifth of world population. On the other hand, due to utilization of intensive input for maximization of yield per unit area of land, agriculture has become a sector which may also result negative impacts on the environment. For this reason, environmentally-friendly agricultural policies have started to be implemented in many countries besides the implementation of policies based on increased agricultural production. In this context, Environmentally Based Agricultural Land Protection (ÇATAK) Program has started to be implemented in Turkey since 2006 for protection of soil and water quality, prevention of erosion and mitigation of agriculture-derived negative impacts. The Program is executed by the Ministry of Food and Agriculture. Within this scope, environmentally-friendly practices are being supported by awarding grants to the beneficiary farmers. This study aims to address the extent to which implementation of ÇATAK Program has contributed to land protection based on a review of environmentally-friendly agricultural practices and beneficiary activities. Additionally, the place of environmental subsidy is assessed within the agricultural funding scheme being implemented in Turkey.

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Automatic extraction system for pesticide residues in food using supercritical carbon dioxide

Journal of Pesticide Science ◽

10.1584/jpestics.32.334 ◽

2007 ◽

Vol 32 (3) ◽

pp. 334-336

Author(s):

Yoshiteru Horikawa

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Supercritical Carbon Dioxide ◽

Pesticide Residues ◽

Extraction System ◽

Automatic Extraction ◽

Supercritical Carbon

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Application of Disk Aerators to Recarbonation of Alkaline Wastewater from Wet Gasification of Carbide

Water Science & Technology ◽

10.2166/wst.1991.0211 ◽

1991 ◽

Vol 24 (7) ◽

pp. 277-284 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

E. Gomólka ◽

B. Gomólka

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Liquid Phase ◽

Gas Phase ◽

Flue Gas ◽

Carbonic Acid ◽

Low Cost ◽

Flue Gases ◽

Carbon Dioxide Content ◽

Patent Claim ◽

Phase Dispersion

Whenever possible, neutralization of alkaline wastewater should involve low-cost acid. It is conventional to make use of carbonic acid produced via the reaction of carbon dioxide (contained in flue gases) with water according to the following equation: Carbon dioxide content in the flue gas stream varies from 10% to 15%. The flue gas stream may either be passed to the wastewater contained in the recarbonizers, or. enter the scrubbers (which are continually sprayed with wastewater) from the bottom in oountercurrent. The reactors, in which recarbonation occurs, have the ability to expand the contact surface between gaseous and liquid phase. This can be achieved by gas phase dispersion in the liquid phase (bubbling), by liquid phase dispersion in the gas phase (spraying), or by bubbling and spraying, and mixing. These concurrent operations are carried out during motion of the disk aerator (which is a patent claim). The authors describe the functioning of the disk aerator, the composition of the wastewater produced during wet gasification of carbide, the chemistry of recarbonation and decarbonation, and the concept of applying the disk aerator so as to make the wastewater fit for reuse (after suitable neutralization) as feeding water in acetylene generators.

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Characterization of a Polymeric Membrane for the Separation of Hydrogen in a Mixture with CO2

The Open Fuels & Energy Science Journal ◽

10.2174/1876973x01609010126 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 126-136 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Dionisio H. Malagón-Romero ◽

Alexander Ladino ◽

Nataly Ortiz ◽

Liliana P. Green

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Hydrogen Production ◽

Test Performance ◽

Low Cost ◽

Time Lag ◽

Polymeric Membrane ◽

Biological Processes ◽

Scanning Calorimetry ◽

Environmentally Sustainable ◽

Production Of Hydrogen

Hydrogen is expected to play an important role as a clean, reliable and renewable energy source. A key challenge is the production of hydrogen in an economically and environmentally sustainable way on an industrial scale. One promising method of hydrogen production is via biological processes using agricultural resources, where the hydrogen is found to be mixed with other gases, such as carbon dioxide. Thus, to separate hydrogen from the mixture, it is challenging to implement and evaluate a simple, low cost, reliable and efficient separation process. So, the aim of this work was to develop a polymeric membrane for hydrogen separation. The developed membranes were made of polysulfone via phase inversion by a controlled evaporation method with 5 wt % and 10 wt % of polysulfone resulting in thicknesses of 132 and 239 micrometers, respectively. Membrane characterization was performed using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), atomic force microscopy (AFM), and ASTM D882 tensile test. Performance was characterized using a 23 factorial experiment using the time lag method, comparing the results with those from gas chromatography (GC). As a result, developed membranes exhibited dense microstructures, low values of RMS roughness, and glass transition temperatures of approximately 191.75 °C and 190.43 °C for the 5 wt % and 10 wt % membranes, respectively. Performance results for the given membranes showed a hydrogen selectivity of 8.20 for an evaluated gas mixture 54% hydrogen and 46% carbon dioxide. According to selectivity achieved, H2 separation from carbon dioxide is feasible with possibilities of scalability. These results are important for consolidating hydrogen production from biological processes.

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Estimation of Carbon Dioxide Emissions from a Traditional Nutrient-Rich Cambodian Diet Food Production System Using Life Cycle Assessment

Sustainability ◽

10.3390/su13073660 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 13 (7) ◽

pp. 3660

Author(s):

Rathna Hor ◽

Phanna Ly ◽

Agusta Samodra Putra ◽

Riaru Ishizaki ◽

Tofael Ahamed ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Carbon Dioxide ◽

Life Cycle Assessment ◽

Life Cycle ◽

Co2 Emissions ◽

Production System ◽

Agricultural Production ◽

Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽

Food Production ◽

Carbon Dioxide Co2 ◽

Food Production System

Traditional Cambodian food has higher nutrient balances and is environmentally sustainable compared to conventional diets. However, there is a lack of knowledge and evidence on nutrient intake and the environmental greenness of traditional food at different age distributions. The relationship between nutritional intake and environmental impact can be evaluated using carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions from agricultural production based on life cycle assessment (LCA). The objective of this study was to estimate the CO2 equivalent (eq) emissions from the traditional Cambodian diet using LCA, starting at each agricultural production phase. A one-year food consumption scenario with the traditional diet was established. Five breakfast (BF1–5) and seven lunch and dinner (LD1–7) food sets were consumed at the same rate and compared using LCA. The results showed that BF1 and LD2 had the lowest and highest emissions (0.3 Mt CO2 eq/yr and 1.2 Mt CO2 eq/yr, respectively). The food calories, minerals, and vitamins met the recommended dietary allowance. The country’s existing food production system generates CO2 emissions of 9.7 Mt CO2 eq/yr, with the proposed system reducing these by 28.9% to 6.9 Mt CO2 eq/yr. The change in each food item could decrease emissions depending on the type and quantity of the food set, especially meat and milk consumption.

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