scholarly journals miR399-UBC24 module enhances freezing tolerance through regulating CBF signaling pathway and starch degradation

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kankan Peng ◽  
Yu Tian ◽  
Xianze Sun ◽  
Chunhua Song ◽  
Zhipeng Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Soluble Sugar ◽  
Utilization Efficiency ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Starch Degradation ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Phosphorus Utilization Efficiency

Although the regulation in Pi homeostasis of miR399 have been studied in various plants, its molecular mechanisms in response to freezing stress are still elusive. In this work, we found that the expression of tae-miR399 and its target gene TaUBC24 in tillering nodes of strong cold resistance winter wheat cultivar Dongnongdongmai1 (Dn1) was significantly altered subjected to severe winter. tae-miR399 and its target gene TaUBC24 were also responsive to short-term freezing stress in tillering nodes of Dn1 seedlings. TaUBC24 physically interacted with TaICE1. Ehanced freezing tolerance was observed in overexpressing tae-miR399 Arabidopsis lines. Under freezing stress, overexpressing tae-miR399 decreased the expression of AtUBC24 to increase the expression of genes in CBF signaling pathway, Pi translocation pathway and starch metablism, including AtCBFs, AtCOR47, AtCOR413IM, AtPHT1;4, AtAPLs and AtBAMs, inhibit the degradation of AtICE1 and AtPHO1, and promote the activities of SOD, POD and CAT. These findings indicated that the increased freezing tolerance was dependent upon elevating CBF signaling pathway, phosphorus utilization efficiency, starch degradation, accumulation of soluble sugar and ability of ROS scavenge. These results will aid our understanding of molecular mechanism of how miR399-UBC24 module plays a cardinal role in regulating plant freezing stress tolerance through mediating the downstream pathways.

scholarly journals iTRAQ-Based Comparative Proteomic Analysis of the Roots of TWO Winter Turnip Rapes (Brassica rapa L.) with Different Freezing-Tolerance

2018 ◽  
Vol 19 (12) ◽  
pp. 4077 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiucun Zeng ◽  
Yaozhao Xu ◽  
Jinjin Jiang ◽  
Fenqin Zhang ◽  
Li Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cold Acclimation ◽  
Linolenic Acid ◽  
Brassica Rapa ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Stress Responses ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Carbon Fixation ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Turnip Rape ◽  
Mannose Metabolism

The freezing tolerance of roots is crucial for winter turnip rape (Brassica rapa L.) survival in the winter in Northwest China. Cold acclimation (CA) can alleviate the root damage caused by freezing stress. To acknowledge the molecular mechanisms of freezing tolerance in winter turnip rape, two Brassica rapa genotypes, freezing stressed after the induction of cold acclimation, were used to compare the proteomic profiles of roots by isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantification (iTRAQ). Under freezing stress (−4 °C) for 8 h, 139 and 96 differentially abundant proteins (DAPs) were identified in the roots of “Longyou7” (freezing-tolerant) and “Tianyou4” (freezing-sensitive), respectively. Among these DAPs, 91 and 48 proteins were up- and down-accumulated in “Longyou7”, respectively, and 46 and 50 proteins were up- and down-accumulated in “Tianyou4”, respectively. Under freezing stress, 174 DAPs of two varieties were identified, including 9 proteins related to ribosome, 19 DAPs related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites (e.g., phenylpropanoid and the lignin pathway), and 22 down-accumulated DAPs enriched in oxidative phosphorylation, the pentose phosphate pathway, fructose and mannose metabolism, alpha-linolenic acid metabolism, carbon fixation in photosynthetic organisms, ascorbate and aldarate metabolism. The expressional pattern of the genes encoding the 15 significant DAPs were consistent with the iTRAQ data. This work indicates that protein biosynthesis, lignin synthesis, the reduction of energy consumption and a higher linolenic acid content contribute to the freezing tolerance of winter turnip rape. Functional analyses of these DAPs would be helpful in dissecting the molecular mechanisms of the stress responses in B. rapa.

Transcriptional gene expression profile in hepatocarcinoma cells induced by acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-subgenomic replicon system.

2013 ◽  
Vol 31 (15_suppl) ◽  
pp. e22016-e22016
Author(s):  
Clara Patricia Rios Ibarra ◽  
Barbara Verduzco Garza ◽  
Rocio Ortiz Lopez ◽  
Yohann Grondin ◽  
Sonia Lozano Sepulveda ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Expression Profile ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Antiviral Effect ◽  
Subgenomic Replicon ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Antioxidant Agents ◽  
Hepatocarcinoma Cells

e22016 Background: It has been demonstrated that ASA treatment could down-regulate in vitro HCV expression in hepatocarcinoma cells (~50%, p 0.05). However, the signaling pathway induced during ASA antiviral effect has not been elucidated. We analyzed the transcriptional expression profile of Huh-7-HCV-subgenomic replicon cells in presence or absence of ASA in order to identify the signaling pathway and the molecular mechanisms involved in the antiviral effect induced by ASA on HCV expression. Methods: Huh-7-HCV-replicon cells (hepatocarcinoma) were exposed to 4 mM ASA from 24 to 72 hours. Total RNA was isolated, quantified and validated by capillary electrophoresis. After that, we performed a retrotranscription in vitro. Synthesized transcripts were marked with biotin, purified, fragmentized and hybridized in HG-U133 Plus 2 Gene Expression. Hybridization signals were captured with Gen Chip 3000 7G Scanner and analyzed by Expression Console and Dchit Software. Results: After normalization, we obtained hierarchical maps with differentially-expressed genes. Among genetic targets over-expressed, the following stood out CCAAT-enhancer-binding proteins (C/EBP), interleukine-8 (IL-8), cytochrome P450 (CyP450) and methallothioneins (MT) genes were found. Among down-regulated genes we identified ribonucleotide reductase (RR) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) genes. Some of these genes have been previously associated with oxidative stress regulation. All results were validated by real time PCR. Conclusions: We observed that ASA modulates the expression of genes associated with antioxidant role as SOD and methallothioneins. Antioxidant agents can inhibit virus proliferation. HCV decreased antioxidant defense, which promotes the development of hepatic complications caused by HCV infection, including liver cancer. Therefore, ASA could be inducing an antioxidant environment regulating HCV replication. This study provides a tool for identifying novel host factors in hepatocarcinoma cells involved in the antiviral effect regulated by ASA against HCV and improves our understanding of the regulatory mechanism of HCV replication.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome profiling reveals cold stress responsiveness in two contrasting Chinese jujube cultivars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heying Zhou ◽  
Ying He ◽  
Yongsheng Zhu ◽  
Meiyu Li ◽  
Shuang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Functional Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Chinese Jujube

Abstract Background: Low temperature is a major factor influencing the growth and development of Chinese jujube ( Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) in cold winter and spring. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms enabling jujube to cope with different freezing stress conditions. To elucidate the freezing-related molecular mechanism, we conducted comparative transcriptome analysis between ‘Dongzao’ (low freezing tolerance cultivar) and ‘Jinsixiaozao’ (high freezing tolerance cultivar) using RNA-Seq. Results: More than 20,000 genes were detected at chilling (4°C) and freezing (-10°C, -20°C, -30°C and -40°C) stress between the two cultivars. The numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two cultivars were 1831, 2030, 1993, 1845 and 2137 under the five treatments. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the metabolic pathway, response to stimulus and catalytic activity were significantly enriched under stronger freezing stress. Among the DEGs, nine participated in the Ca 2+ signal pathway, thirty-two were identified to participate in sucrose metabolism, and others were identified to participate in the regulation of ROS, plant hormones and antifreeze proteins. In addition, important transcription factors ( WRKY , AP2 / ERF , NAC and bZIP ) participating in freezing stress were activated under different degrees of freezing stress. Conclusions: Our research first provides a more comprehensive understanding of DEGs involved in freezing stress at the transcriptome level in two Z. jujuba cultivars with different freezing tolerances. These results may help to elucidate the molecular mechanism of freezing tolerance in jujube and also provides new insights and candidate genes for genetically enhancing freezing stress tolerance.

Long non-coding RNA DSCAM-AS1 upregulates USP47 expression through sponging miR-101-3p to accelerate osteosarcoma progression

2020 ◽  
Vol 98 (5) ◽  
pp. 600-611
Author(s):  
Shanyong Zhang ◽  
Lei Ding ◽  
Feng Gao ◽  
Hongwu Fan
Keyword(s):  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Negative Relationship ◽  
Non Coding Rna ◽  
Tumorigenesis And Progression ◽  
Tumors Of Bone ◽  
Non Coding Rnas ◽  
Long Non Coding Rna ◽  
Oncogenic Gene

Osteosarcoma (OS) originating from mesenchyme is one of the most common invasive tumors of bone, and has an extremely high mortality rate. Previous studies have reported that long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play essential roles in the tumorigenesis and progression of a multitude of human cancers. The lncRNA DSCAM-AS1 has been reported to be an oncogenic gene in many cancers. However, the roles and regulatory mechanisms of DSCAM-AS1 in OS have not been deeply investigated. In this study, our findings prove that DSCAM-AS1 is highly expressed in OS cells. Knockdown of DSCAM-AS1 suppressed cell proliferation, migration, and invasiveness, and induced cell apoptosis in OS. Additionally, knockdown of DSCAM-AS1 inactivated the Wnt–β-catenin signaling pathway. Moreover, research into its molecular mechanisms confirmed that DSCAM-AS1 functions as a sponge for miR-101-3p, and that ubiquitin-specific peptidase 47 (USP47) is a target gene of miR-101-3p. Furthermore, a negative relationship between miR-101-3p and DSCAM-AS1 or USP47 was discovered. The results from our rescue assays suggest that DSCAM-AS1 regulates the progression of OS through binding with miR-101-3p to control the expression of USP47. Finally, we discovered that AKT–mTOR signaling pathway mediates the activity of DSCAM-AS1 in OS. Taken together, our results show that DSCAM-AS1 accelerates the progression of OS via the miR-101-3p–USP47 axis, which could present a new potential therapeutic treatment for OS.

scholarly journals MicroRNA-1 Modulates Chondrocyte Phenotype by Regulating FZD7 of Wnt/β-Catenin Signaling Pathway

Cartilage ◽  
2020 ◽  
pp. 194760352097325
Author(s):  
Yang Yang ◽  
Yawei Wang ◽  
Haobo Jia ◽  
Bing Li ◽  
Dan Xing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Joint Disease ◽  
Luciferase Reporter ◽  
Chondrocyte Phenotype ◽  
Catabolic Enzymes ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Oa Chondrocytes ◽  
First Time

Objective Osteoarthritis (OA) is an incurable joint disease characterized by pronounced pain. MicroRNAs constitute epigenetic mechanisms that may affect OA progression by contributing to changes in chondrocyte phenotype. This study investigates for the first time whether there is a link between miRNA-1 (miR-1) and OA pathogenesis, and the molecular mechanisms involved. Design OA-associated gene expression, including MMP-13, ADAMTS5, and COL2A1 was compared in chondrocytes from non-OA and OA cartilage, and in SW1353 cells over- and underexpressing miR-1. Bioinformatics and luciferase reporter assay were conducted to confirm whether FZD7 was a target of miR-1. The effects of miR-1 on FZD7 expression and downstream Wnt/β-catenin signalling were investigated. Results Non-OA and OA chondrocytes differed significantly in the expression of miR-1 and OA-associated genes. MiR-1 over- and underexpression in SW1353 cells, respectively, reduced and enhanced gene expression associated with cartilage catabolism. FZD7, which has an important role in the Wnt/β-catenin signaling pathway, was shown to be a potential target of miR-1. MiR-1 binding to FZD7 increased the levels of phosphorylated (inactivated) β-catenin, thereby preventing downstream β-catenin signaling. Conclusions Inhibition of Wnt/β-catenin signaling by miR-1 in chondrocytes may attenuate the expression of genes that regulate the activity of catabolic enzymes. This finding may be useful for future investigations of molecular targets for OA treatment.

scholarly journals Comparative transcriptome profiling reveals cold stress responsiveness in two contrasting Chinese jujube cultivars

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Heying Zhou ◽  
Ying He ◽  
Yongsheng Zhu ◽  
Meiyu Li ◽  
Shuang Song ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanism ◽  
Freezing Tolerance ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Functional Enrichment Analysis ◽  
Functional Enrichment ◽  
Freezing Stress ◽  
Comparative Transcriptome ◽  
Chinese Jujube

Abstract Background: Low temperature is a major factor influencing the growth and development of Chinese jujube (Ziziphus jujuba Mill.) in cold winter and spring. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms enabling jujube to cope with different freezing stress conditions. To elucidate the freezing-related molecular mechanism, we conducted comparative transcriptome analysis between ‘Dongzao’ (low freezing tolerance cultivar) and ‘Jinsixiaozao’ (high freezing tolerance cultivar) using RNA-Seq. Results: More than 20,000 genes were detected at chilling (4°C) and freezing (-10°C, -20°C, -30°C and -40°C) stress between the two cultivars. The numbers of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between the two cultivars were 1831, 2030, 1993, 1845 and 2137 under the five treatments. Functional enrichment analysis suggested that the metabolic pathway, response to stimulus and catalytic activity were significantly enriched under stronger freezing stress. Among the DEGs, nine participated in the Ca2+ signal pathway, thirty-two were identified to participate in sucrose metabolism, and others were identified to participate in the regulation of ROS, plant hormones and antifreeze proteins. In addition, important transcription factors (WRKY, AP2/ERF, NAC and bZIP) participating in freezing stress were activated under different degrees of freezing stress. Conclusions: Our research first provides a more comprehensive understanding of DEGs involved in freezing stress at the transcriptome level in two Z. jujuba cultivars with different freezing tolerances. These results may help to elucidate the molecular mechanism of freezing tolerance in jujube and also provides new insights and candidate genes for genetically enhancing freezing stress tolerance.

Pisosterol Induces G2/M Cell Cycle Arrest and Apoptosis via the ATM/ATR Signaling Pathway in Human Glioma Cells

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (6) ◽  
pp. 734-750
Author(s):  
Wallax A.S. Ferreira ◽  
Rommel R. Burbano ◽  
Claudia do Ó. Pessoa ◽  
Maria L. Harada ◽  
Bárbara do Nascimento Borges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Cycle ◽  
Cell Cycle Arrest ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Glioma Cell ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Dependent Manner ◽  
M Cell ◽  
Trypan Blue Exclusion ◽  
Cycle Arrest

Background: Pisosterol, a triterpene derived from Pisolithus tinctorius, exhibits potential antitumor activity in various malignancies. However, the molecular mechanisms that mediate the pisosterol-specific effects on glioma cells remain unknown. Objective: This study aimed to evaluate the antitumoral effects of pisosterol on glioma cell lines. Methods: The 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide (MTT) and trypan blue exclusion assays were used to evaluate the effect of pisosterol on cell proliferation and viability in glioma cells. The effect of pisosterol on the distribution of the cells in the cell cycle was performed by flow cytometry. The expression and methylation pattern of the promoter region of MYC, ATM, BCL2, BMI1, CASP3, CDK1, CDKN1A, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CHEK1, MDM2, p14ARF and TP53 was analyzed by RT-qPCR, western blotting and bisulfite sequencing PCR (BSP-PCR). Results: Here, it has been reported that pisosterol markedly induced G2/M arrest and apoptosis and decreased the cell viability and proliferation potential of glioma cells in a dose-dependent manner by increasing the expression of ATM, CASP3, CDK1, CDKN1A, CDKN2A, CDKN2B, CHEK1, p14ARF and TP53 and decreasing the expression of MYC, BCL2, BMI1 and MDM2. Pisosterol also triggered both caspase-independent and caspase-dependent apoptotic pathways by regulating the expression of Bcl-2 and activating caspase-3 and p53. Conclusions: It has been, for the first time, confirmed that the ATM/ATR signaling pathway is a critical mechanism for G2/M arrest in pisosterol-induced glioma cell cycle arrest and suggests that this compound might be a promising anticancer candidate for further investigation.

scholarly journals M2 macrophage-derived exosomal microRNAs inhibit cell migration and invasion in gliomas through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jie Yao ◽  
Zefen Wang ◽  
Yong Cheng ◽  
Chao Ma ◽  
Yahua Zhong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Migration ◽  
Western Blot ◽  
Signaling Pathway ◽  
Target Gene ◽  
Glioma Cells ◽  
Mtor Signaling ◽  
Migration And Invasion ◽  
M2 Macrophage ◽  
Mtor Signaling Pathway ◽  
Cell Migration And Invasion

Abstract Background Glioma, the most common primary brain tumor, account Preparing figures for 30 to 40% of all intracranial tumors. Herein, we aimed to study the effects of M2 macrophage-derived exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) on glioma cells. Methods First, we identified seven differentially expressed miRNAs in infiltrating macrophages and detected the expression of these seven miRNAs in M2 macrophages. We then selected hsa-miR-15a-5p (miR-15a) and hsa-miR-92a-3p (miR-92a) for follow-up studies, and confirmed that miR-15a and miR-92a were under-expressed in M2 macrophage exosomes. Subsequently, we demonstrated that M2 macrophage-derived exosomes promoted migration and invasion of glioma cells, while exosomal miR-15a and miR-92a had the opposite effects on glioma cells. Next, we performed the target gene prediction in four databases and conducted target gene validation by qRT-PCR, western blot and dual luciferase reporter gene assays. Results The results revealed that miR-15a and miR-92a were bound to CCND1 and RAP1B, respectively. Western blot assays demonstrated that interference with the expression of CCND1 or RAP1B reduced the phosphorylation level of AKT and mTOR, indicating that both CCND1 and RAP1B can activate the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway. Conclusion Collectively, these findings indicate that M2 macrophage-derived exosomal miR-15a and miR-92a inhibit cell migration and invasion of glioma cells through PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway.

scholarly journals Transcriptomic Analysis of Short-Term Salt-Stress Response in Mega Hybrid Rice Seedlings

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (7) ◽  
pp. 1328
Author(s):  
Noushin Jahan ◽  
Yang Lv ◽  
Mengqiu Song ◽  
Yu Zhang ◽  
Liangguang Shang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Salt Stress ◽  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Transcriptome Profiling ◽  
Bhlh Transcription Factor ◽  
F1 Hybrid ◽  
Salt Stress Response ◽  
Productivity Losses ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Trait Locus

Salinity is a major abiotic stressor that leads to productivity losses in rice (Oryza sativa L.). In this study, transcriptome profiling and heterosis-related genes were analyzed by ribonucleic acid sequencing (RNA-Seq) in seedlings of a mega rice hybrid, Liang-You-Pei-Jiu (LYP9), and its two parents 93–11 and Pei-ai64s (PA64s), under control and two different salinity levels, where we found 8292, 8037, and 631 salt-induced differentially expressed genes (DEGs), respectively. Heterosis-related DEGs were obtained higher after 14 days of salt treatment than after 7 days. There were 631 and 4237 salt-induced DEGs related to heterosis under 7-day and 14-day salt stresses, respectively. Gene functional classification showed the expression of genes involved in photosynthesis activity after 7-day stress treatment, and in metabolic and catabolic activity after 14 days. In addition, we correlated the concurrence of an expression of DEGs for the bHLH transcription factor and a shoot length/salinity-related quantitative trait locus qSL7 that we fine-mapped previously, providing a confirmed case of heterosis-related genes. This experiment reveals the transcriptomic divergence of the rice F1 hybrid and its parental lines under control and salt stress state, and enlightens about the significant molecular mechanisms developed over time in response to salt stress.

Herpesvirus-Associated Proliferative Skin Disease in Frogs and Toads: Proposed Pathogenesis

2021 ◽  
pp. 030098582110063
Author(s):  
Francesco C. Origgi ◽  
Patricia Otten ◽  
Petra Lohmann ◽  
Ursula Sattler ◽  
Thomas Wahli ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Mechanisms ◽  
Rana Temporaria ◽  
Skin Lesions ◽  
Bufo Bufo ◽  
Careful Examination ◽  
Altered Expression ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Cell Remodeling ◽  
Tissue Changes

A comparative study was carried out on common and agile frogs ( Rana temporaria and R. dalmatina) naturally infected with ranid herpesvirus 3 (RaHV3) and common toads ( Bufo bufo) naturally infected with bufonid herpesvirus 1 (BfHV1) to investigate common pathogenetic pathways and molecular mechanisms based on macroscopic, microscopic, and ultrastructural pathology as well as evaluation of gene expression. Careful examination of the tissue changes, supported by in situ hybridization, at different stages of development in 6 frogs and 14 toads revealed that the skin lesions are likely transient, and part of a tissue cycle necessary for viral replication in the infected hosts. Transcriptomic analysis, carried out on 2 naturally infected and 2 naïve common frogs ( Rana temporaria) and 2 naturally infected and 2 naïve common toads ( Bufo bufo), revealed altered expression of genes involved in signaling and cell remodeling in diseased animals. Finally, virus transcriptomics revealed that both RaHV3 and BfHV1 had relatively high expression of a putative immunomodulating gene predicted to encode a decoy receptor for tumor necrosis factor in the skin of the infected hosts. Thus, the comparable lesions in infected frogs and toads appear to reflect a concerted epidermal and viral cycle, with presumptive involvement of signaling and gene remodeling host and immunomodulatory viral genes.

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